Affirming Identity, Advancing Belonging, and Amplifying Voice in Sororities and Fraternities

Affirming Identity, Advancing Belonging, and Amplifying Voice in Sororities and Fraternities

Author: Pietro A. Sasso

Publisher: IAP

Published: 2024-04-01

Total Pages: 492

ISBN-13:

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In the wake of the #AbolishGreekLife and other calls for racial justice, the role of identity development also becomes ever increasingly important as we consider how to make the sorority/fraternity more inclusive for our students. In the end, it may really be the power of inclusion on college campuses that leads to many of the educational goals that we yearn for in student growth: the formal and informal social interactions, bonded in reflective learning, that help build social and academic success. In this we can celebrate together, especially those of us who have romanticized so many “bright college years.” This text is a response to a call for existential exploration as an attempt to critically revivify our understanding of the sorority/fraternity experience as it contributes specifically to students’ identity development and learning. The text is grouped around centering their experiences through three A’s: Amplifying Voice, Affirming Identity, and Advancing Belonging to highlight the identity experiences of the diverse spectrum of fraternity and sorority members across the intersections of identity so often excluded from the literature. Chapters in this text attempt to foreground how the fraternity/sorority experience explicitly contributes to these areas of student development across multiple identities including race, ethnicity, culture, gender identity, social class, and ability. Authors critically interrogate systems of oppressions that subjugate marginality from those with intersectional identities to recognize the larger challenges facing the sorority/fraternity movement as an attempt to disrupt these systems to better identify influences on identity development. ENDORSEMENTS "Pietro Sasso and associates are leading a game-changing conversation about the impact of fraternity and sorority communal experiences on student identity. Pietro Sasso and the contributing authors of this robust text successfully endeavor to inform practice through critical analysis, framing important questions, and offering pragmatic solutions that are timely, relevant, and practical in both the academy and the fraternal system. This book is a "must-read" for anyone seeking to understand or have a relevant impact on the intersections of sense of belonging, identity development, and sorority & fraternity life." — Jason L. Meriwether, Campbellsville University "In their most recent book examining contemporary sorority and fraternity life, Sasso, Biddix, and Miranda have curated discerning chapters that expand existing scholarship by exploring the impact of fraternity and sorority membership on identity development, belonging, and student voice through critical lenses. This book should be on the bookshelf of all higher education administrators and faculty." — Gavin Henning, New England College


Book Synopsis Affirming Identity, Advancing Belonging, and Amplifying Voice in Sororities and Fraternities by : Pietro A. Sasso

Download or read book Affirming Identity, Advancing Belonging, and Amplifying Voice in Sororities and Fraternities written by Pietro A. Sasso and published by IAP. This book was released on 2024-04-01 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of the #AbolishGreekLife and other calls for racial justice, the role of identity development also becomes ever increasingly important as we consider how to make the sorority/fraternity more inclusive for our students. In the end, it may really be the power of inclusion on college campuses that leads to many of the educational goals that we yearn for in student growth: the formal and informal social interactions, bonded in reflective learning, that help build social and academic success. In this we can celebrate together, especially those of us who have romanticized so many “bright college years.” This text is a response to a call for existential exploration as an attempt to critically revivify our understanding of the sorority/fraternity experience as it contributes specifically to students’ identity development and learning. The text is grouped around centering their experiences through three A’s: Amplifying Voice, Affirming Identity, and Advancing Belonging to highlight the identity experiences of the diverse spectrum of fraternity and sorority members across the intersections of identity so often excluded from the literature. Chapters in this text attempt to foreground how the fraternity/sorority experience explicitly contributes to these areas of student development across multiple identities including race, ethnicity, culture, gender identity, social class, and ability. Authors critically interrogate systems of oppressions that subjugate marginality from those with intersectional identities to recognize the larger challenges facing the sorority/fraternity movement as an attempt to disrupt these systems to better identify influences on identity development. ENDORSEMENTS "Pietro Sasso and associates are leading a game-changing conversation about the impact of fraternity and sorority communal experiences on student identity. Pietro Sasso and the contributing authors of this robust text successfully endeavor to inform practice through critical analysis, framing important questions, and offering pragmatic solutions that are timely, relevant, and practical in both the academy and the fraternal system. This book is a "must-read" for anyone seeking to understand or have a relevant impact on the intersections of sense of belonging, identity development, and sorority & fraternity life." — Jason L. Meriwether, Campbellsville University "In their most recent book examining contemporary sorority and fraternity life, Sasso, Biddix, and Miranda have curated discerning chapters that expand existing scholarship by exploring the impact of fraternity and sorority membership on identity development, belonging, and student voice through critical lenses. This book should be on the bookshelf of all higher education administrators and faculty." — Gavin Henning, New England College

Developments Beyond the Asterisk

Developments Beyond the Asterisk

Author: Heather J. Shotton

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-12-01

Total Pages: 219

ISBN-13: 1003824315

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This edited volume serves as a follow-up to Beyond the Asterisk: Understanding Native Students in Higher Education, focusing on new scholarship, continued conversations, and growth in the field of Indigenous higher education. The landscape of higher education has changed significantly over the past decade; likewise, Indigenous higher education has grown into its own respective field with emerging scholarship that is written for and by Indigenous people. This book focuses on this growth, revisiting relevant topics in Indigenous higher education, while adding new and expanded research and insight from emerging scholars and practitioners, including chapters on Indigenous LGBTQIA+ and Two-Spirt students and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders. The voices of Indigenous scholars who are challenging the status quo in higher education have grown louder, and institutions and organizations have increasingly begun to respond. This volume is essential to continued conversations in Indigenous higher education and invites current, emerging, and future scholars to carry the conversation forward in respectful, responsible, and relational ways.


Book Synopsis Developments Beyond the Asterisk by : Heather J. Shotton

Download or read book Developments Beyond the Asterisk written by Heather J. Shotton and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume serves as a follow-up to Beyond the Asterisk: Understanding Native Students in Higher Education, focusing on new scholarship, continued conversations, and growth in the field of Indigenous higher education. The landscape of higher education has changed significantly over the past decade; likewise, Indigenous higher education has grown into its own respective field with emerging scholarship that is written for and by Indigenous people. This book focuses on this growth, revisiting relevant topics in Indigenous higher education, while adding new and expanded research and insight from emerging scholars and practitioners, including chapters on Indigenous LGBTQIA+ and Two-Spirt students and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders. The voices of Indigenous scholars who are challenging the status quo in higher education have grown louder, and institutions and organizations have increasingly begun to respond. This volume is essential to continued conversations in Indigenous higher education and invites current, emerging, and future scholars to carry the conversation forward in respectful, responsible, and relational ways.

Maribel’s First Day

Maribel’s First Day

Author: Irma L. Almager

Publisher: IAP

Published: 2017-07-01

Total Pages: 39

ISBN-13: 1681239876

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Maribel’s First Day is a narrative description of the first day of school experience for a teenage Mexican American high school student. During this one school day, Maribel Rivera goes to five teachers’ classrooms and describes what she sees, hears and determines how she will judge these experiences. She will assess and analyze the school, the staff, the teachers, and the instruction. As she discovers what is happening at the school for other students, she decides if the environment will contribute to her present search for identity and survival. The purpose of this book is to offer insights for perceptions of school experiences through the lens of a Mexican American female student. The book provides vivid descriptions of teacher instruction and student interactions collected through a research study. Through the use of this student’s narrative perspective, teachers, teacher leaders, instructional coaches, and campus administrators can create common language for building congruence in a culturally dissonant environment to impact relational and academic achievement for students of color and those from poverty.


Book Synopsis Maribel’s First Day by : Irma L. Almager

Download or read book Maribel’s First Day written by Irma L. Almager and published by IAP. This book was released on 2017-07-01 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maribel’s First Day is a narrative description of the first day of school experience for a teenage Mexican American high school student. During this one school day, Maribel Rivera goes to five teachers’ classrooms and describes what she sees, hears and determines how she will judge these experiences. She will assess and analyze the school, the staff, the teachers, and the instruction. As she discovers what is happening at the school for other students, she decides if the environment will contribute to her present search for identity and survival. The purpose of this book is to offer insights for perceptions of school experiences through the lens of a Mexican American female student. The book provides vivid descriptions of teacher instruction and student interactions collected through a research study. Through the use of this student’s narrative perspective, teachers, teacher leaders, instructional coaches, and campus administrators can create common language for building congruence in a culturally dissonant environment to impact relational and academic achievement for students of color and those from poverty.

Student-Centered Research

Student-Centered Research

Author: James Pelech

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 194

ISBN-13: 9781648025327

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Teachers increasingly are being charged to conduct research on teaching and learning in their classes. Action research is an instrument that teachers can use for their particular classroom to meet this charge. While traditional research provides effective guidelines for teaching and learning, its generalized format does not take into consideration the multitude of variables that affect individual classrooms and students. Action research enables the teacher to improve the learning of the students in their particular context; this, in turn, improves the professional practice of the teacher. The uniqueness of the model presented in this book is that this model is guided by specific constructivist principles. These principles are then transformed into learning strategies and applied to the action research cycle. Each stage of the action research process also is steered by prompts emanating from the constructivist philosophy. The prompts provide questions that the teacher can use to examine current practices and consider new approaches. The blending of constructivism and action research enables the teacher to create a new cognitive framework for understanding and enhancing student learning . This book provides a guide for combining two important traditions resulting in a research platform which creates new knowledge about both students and teachers.


Book Synopsis Student-Centered Research by : James Pelech

Download or read book Student-Centered Research written by James Pelech and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teachers increasingly are being charged to conduct research on teaching and learning in their classes. Action research is an instrument that teachers can use for their particular classroom to meet this charge. While traditional research provides effective guidelines for teaching and learning, its generalized format does not take into consideration the multitude of variables that affect individual classrooms and students. Action research enables the teacher to improve the learning of the students in their particular context; this, in turn, improves the professional practice of the teacher. The uniqueness of the model presented in this book is that this model is guided by specific constructivist principles. These principles are then transformed into learning strategies and applied to the action research cycle. Each stage of the action research process also is steered by prompts emanating from the constructivist philosophy. The prompts provide questions that the teacher can use to examine current practices and consider new approaches. The blending of constructivism and action research enables the teacher to create a new cognitive framework for understanding and enhancing student learning . This book provides a guide for combining two important traditions resulting in a research platform which creates new knowledge about both students and teachers.

The Brilliance of Black Children in Mathematics

The Brilliance of Black Children in Mathematics

Author: Jacqueline Leonard

Publisher: IAP

Published: 2013-03-01

Total Pages: 399

ISBN-13: 1623960819

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This book is a critically important contribution to the work underway to transform schooling for students who have historically been denied access to a quality education, specifically African American children. The first section of the book provides some historical perspective critical to understanding the current state of education in the U.S., specifically for the education of African American children. The following sections include chapters on policy, learning, ethnomathematics, student identity, and teacher preparation as it relates to the mathematical education of Black children. Through offering “counternarratives” about mathematically successful Black youth, advocating for a curriculum that is grounded in African American culture and ways of thinking, providing shining examples of the brilliance of Blacks students, and promoting high expectations for all rather than situating students as the problem, the authors of this book provide powerful insights related to the teaching and learning of mathematics for African American students. As is made evident in this book, effective teaching involves much more than just engaging students in inquiry-based pedagogy (Kitchen, 2003). The chapters offered in this book demonstrate how mathematics instruction for African American students needs to take into account historical marginalization and present-day policies that do harm to Black students (Kunjufu, 2005). Empowering mathematics instruction for African American students needs to take into consideration and promote students’ cultural, spiritual, and historical identities. Furthermore, mathematics instruction for African American students should create opportunities for students to express themselves and the needs of their communities as a means to promote social justice both within their classrooms and communities.


Book Synopsis The Brilliance of Black Children in Mathematics by : Jacqueline Leonard

Download or read book The Brilliance of Black Children in Mathematics written by Jacqueline Leonard and published by IAP. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a critically important contribution to the work underway to transform schooling for students who have historically been denied access to a quality education, specifically African American children. The first section of the book provides some historical perspective critical to understanding the current state of education in the U.S., specifically for the education of African American children. The following sections include chapters on policy, learning, ethnomathematics, student identity, and teacher preparation as it relates to the mathematical education of Black children. Through offering “counternarratives” about mathematically successful Black youth, advocating for a curriculum that is grounded in African American culture and ways of thinking, providing shining examples of the brilliance of Blacks students, and promoting high expectations for all rather than situating students as the problem, the authors of this book provide powerful insights related to the teaching and learning of mathematics for African American students. As is made evident in this book, effective teaching involves much more than just engaging students in inquiry-based pedagogy (Kitchen, 2003). The chapters offered in this book demonstrate how mathematics instruction for African American students needs to take into account historical marginalization and present-day policies that do harm to Black students (Kunjufu, 2005). Empowering mathematics instruction for African American students needs to take into consideration and promote students’ cultural, spiritual, and historical identities. Furthermore, mathematics instruction for African American students should create opportunities for students to express themselves and the needs of their communities as a means to promote social justice both within their classrooms and communities.

Queer People of Color in Higher Education

Queer People of Color in Higher Education

Author: Joshua Moon Johnson

Publisher: Contemporary Perspectives on LGBTQ Advocacy

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781681238814

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An introduction and overview to QPOC in higher education / Joshua Moon Johnson and Gabriel Javier -- Intersectionality in practice : moving a social justice paradigm to action in higher education / Christian D. Chan, Adrienne N. Erby, and David J. Ford -- Collectively feeling : honoring the emotional experiences of queer and transgender student of color activists / Paulina Abustan -- Queer faculty and staff of color : experiences and expectations / Danielle Aguilar and Joshua Moon Johnson -- Belonging to more than one identity : the quest to integrate and merge Latinx and LGBTQIA identities / Brittany J. Derieg, Mario A. Rodriguez, Jr., and Emily Prieto-Tseregounis -- (Re)framing faith : understanding and supporting queer students of color and faith in their search for meaning / Chris Woods -- International LGBTQ students across borders and within the university / Hoa N. Nguyen, Ashish Agrawal, and Erika L. Grafsky -- "Fun and carefree like my polka dot bowtie" : disidentifications of trans*masculine students of color / T.J. Jourian -- An excused absence for oppression : giving voice to multiple marginalized identities / Jordan S. West -- Confronting hate : addressing crimes and incidents targeting QPPC communities / Ashley L. Smith and Joshua Moon Johnson -- Finding and making space : what QPOC students face in rural places / Vivie Nguyen -- Meeting at the intersections : using queer race pedagogy to advance queer men of color in higher education / Jonathan P. Higgins -- Experiences of queer student leaders of color : expanding leadership paradigms in higher education / Annemarie Vaccaro and Ryan A. Miller


Book Synopsis Queer People of Color in Higher Education by : Joshua Moon Johnson

Download or read book Queer People of Color in Higher Education written by Joshua Moon Johnson and published by Contemporary Perspectives on LGBTQ Advocacy. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction and overview to QPOC in higher education / Joshua Moon Johnson and Gabriel Javier -- Intersectionality in practice : moving a social justice paradigm to action in higher education / Christian D. Chan, Adrienne N. Erby, and David J. Ford -- Collectively feeling : honoring the emotional experiences of queer and transgender student of color activists / Paulina Abustan -- Queer faculty and staff of color : experiences and expectations / Danielle Aguilar and Joshua Moon Johnson -- Belonging to more than one identity : the quest to integrate and merge Latinx and LGBTQIA identities / Brittany J. Derieg, Mario A. Rodriguez, Jr., and Emily Prieto-Tseregounis -- (Re)framing faith : understanding and supporting queer students of color and faith in their search for meaning / Chris Woods -- International LGBTQ students across borders and within the university / Hoa N. Nguyen, Ashish Agrawal, and Erika L. Grafsky -- "Fun and carefree like my polka dot bowtie" : disidentifications of trans*masculine students of color / T.J. Jourian -- An excused absence for oppression : giving voice to multiple marginalized identities / Jordan S. West -- Confronting hate : addressing crimes and incidents targeting QPPC communities / Ashley L. Smith and Joshua Moon Johnson -- Finding and making space : what QPOC students face in rural places / Vivie Nguyen -- Meeting at the intersections : using queer race pedagogy to advance queer men of color in higher education / Jonathan P. Higgins -- Experiences of queer student leaders of color : expanding leadership paradigms in higher education / Annemarie Vaccaro and Ryan A. Miller

Supporting Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era

Supporting Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era

Author: Pietro Sasso

Publisher: Culture and Society in Higher

Published: 2019-12-17

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781975502683

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Supporting Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era is inspired by sustained and reoccurring professional conversations and scholarship that have suggested that not just change is necessary, but that there ought to be a fundamental shift towards reconceptualizing the construct of fraternities and sororities. The co-editors curate work from scholars and noteworthy practitioners from across higher education to provide an imperative text that reflects the complexity and expansiveness by addressing diversity, programming, and support approaches. This text commences with the understanding that issues will continuously exist, requiring a greater nuanced depth of appreciation to reduce their negative impact. It also summarizes national organizations from authentic, represented voices. Chapters then focus on solutions to support the fraternity and sorority experience, providing strategies and emerging explanations for the issues described in this text. Supporting Fraternities and Sororities seeks to do exactly as the title implies: to inform all stakeholders so that they can make better decisions about the future of these institutions. Perfect for courses such as: Fraternity and Course Leadership - Dissertation Seminar - Professional Development Circles - Independent Study - Research Seminar - Thesis Research - Reflection Assignment - Contemporary Issues in Higher Education - Introduction to Student Affairs


Book Synopsis Supporting Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era by : Pietro Sasso

Download or read book Supporting Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era written by Pietro Sasso and published by Culture and Society in Higher. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supporting Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era is inspired by sustained and reoccurring professional conversations and scholarship that have suggested that not just change is necessary, but that there ought to be a fundamental shift towards reconceptualizing the construct of fraternities and sororities. The co-editors curate work from scholars and noteworthy practitioners from across higher education to provide an imperative text that reflects the complexity and expansiveness by addressing diversity, programming, and support approaches. This text commences with the understanding that issues will continuously exist, requiring a greater nuanced depth of appreciation to reduce their negative impact. It also summarizes national organizations from authentic, represented voices. Chapters then focus on solutions to support the fraternity and sorority experience, providing strategies and emerging explanations for the issues described in this text. Supporting Fraternities and Sororities seeks to do exactly as the title implies: to inform all stakeholders so that they can make better decisions about the future of these institutions. Perfect for courses such as: Fraternity and Course Leadership - Dissertation Seminar - Professional Development Circles - Independent Study - Research Seminar - Thesis Research - Reflection Assignment - Contemporary Issues in Higher Education - Introduction to Student Affairs

Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era

Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era

Author: Joseph L. Devitis

Publisher: Culture and Society in Higher

Published: 2018-10-31

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9781975500320

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Fraternities & Sororities in the Contemporary Era examines the issues and challenges pertaining to the American college fraternity/sorority community on American college campuses, otherwise known as "Greek life." The text argues for its continuing relevance despite widespread media criticism. The authors of this volume claim that fraternities and sororities offer opportunities for a sense of belonging, student success, and social support systems for mental health. In particular, they can afford feelings of mutual identity and community service benefits. In general, the authors attempt to crystallize values and augment leadership development by urging organizations to reaffirm their commitment to the academic mission--one that requires consistent support from university leadership and concerned alumni. This text also provides an alternative counternarrative by providing a brief history of the academy's relationship with "Greek life" and provide examples where the latter is no longer relevant to university ideals in which residential functions and developmental gains can be replicated by other campus programs and initiatives. This volume concludes that for fraternities and sororities to continue, parent or host institutions will need to exert greater jurisdiction and accountability through certified advisors, additional supervision, and measured on outcomes focused primarily on student learning.


Book Synopsis Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era by : Joseph L. Devitis

Download or read book Fraternities and Sororities in the Contemporary Era written by Joseph L. Devitis and published by Culture and Society in Higher. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fraternities & Sororities in the Contemporary Era examines the issues and challenges pertaining to the American college fraternity/sorority community on American college campuses, otherwise known as "Greek life." The text argues for its continuing relevance despite widespread media criticism. The authors of this volume claim that fraternities and sororities offer opportunities for a sense of belonging, student success, and social support systems for mental health. In particular, they can afford feelings of mutual identity and community service benefits. In general, the authors attempt to crystallize values and augment leadership development by urging organizations to reaffirm their commitment to the academic mission--one that requires consistent support from university leadership and concerned alumni. This text also provides an alternative counternarrative by providing a brief history of the academy's relationship with "Greek life" and provide examples where the latter is no longer relevant to university ideals in which residential functions and developmental gains can be replicated by other campus programs and initiatives. This volume concludes that for fraternities and sororities to continue, parent or host institutions will need to exert greater jurisdiction and accountability through certified advisors, additional supervision, and measured on outcomes focused primarily on student learning.

The Art and Science of Mentoring

The Art and Science of Mentoring

Author: Ellen H. Reames

Publisher: IAP

Published: 2021-01-01

Total Pages: 195

ISBN-13: 1648022871

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The Art and Science of Mentoring is a collection of chapters and vignettes that honors one of the leading experts of mentoring, Fran Kochan. Her amazing role of being able to blend theory and practice in regards to mentoring is captured in these pages. As one prote ge said, “She practices what she preaches.” The volume is divided into an introduction, Part II, which explores important concepts and ideas in regards to mentoring and then Part III which are essays from individuals whom Fran Kochan mentored throughout her life. In closing, Fran Kochan lives and breathes her words. Even today, she continues to work with scholars, practitioners and others she meets. She offers a guiding hand, she uplifts and she supports all that she meets. Please enjoy this volume of highlights of research from top mentoring experts who are peers of Dr. Kochan, as well as the tributes from a sampling of individuals she has mentored to successful careers. You will be inspired to learn how Dr. Fran Kochan masters both the art and science of mentoring. We honor her in this book as scholar, mentor, and friend.


Book Synopsis The Art and Science of Mentoring by : Ellen H. Reames

Download or read book The Art and Science of Mentoring written by Ellen H. Reames and published by IAP. This book was released on 2021-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Art and Science of Mentoring is a collection of chapters and vignettes that honors one of the leading experts of mentoring, Fran Kochan. Her amazing role of being able to blend theory and practice in regards to mentoring is captured in these pages. As one prote ge said, “She practices what she preaches.” The volume is divided into an introduction, Part II, which explores important concepts and ideas in regards to mentoring and then Part III which are essays from individuals whom Fran Kochan mentored throughout her life. In closing, Fran Kochan lives and breathes her words. Even today, she continues to work with scholars, practitioners and others she meets. She offers a guiding hand, she uplifts and she supports all that she meets. Please enjoy this volume of highlights of research from top mentoring experts who are peers of Dr. Kochan, as well as the tributes from a sampling of individuals she has mentored to successful careers. You will be inspired to learn how Dr. Fran Kochan masters both the art and science of mentoring. We honor her in this book as scholar, mentor, and friend.

Democracy and Education

Democracy and Education

Author: John Dewey

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 1916

Total Pages: 456

ISBN-13:

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. Renewal of Life by Transmission. The most notable distinction between living and inanimate things is that the former maintain themselves by renewal. A stone when struck resists. If its resistance is greater than the force of the blow struck, it remains outwardly unchanged. Otherwise, it is shattered into smaller bits. Never does the stone attempt to react in such a way that it may maintain itself against the blow, much less so as to render the blow a contributing factor to its own continued action. While the living thing may easily be crushed by superior force, it none the less tries to turn the energies which act upon it into means of its own further existence. If it cannot do so, it does not just split into smaller pieces (at least in the higher forms of life), but loses its identity as a living thing. As long as it endures, it struggles to use surrounding energies in its own behalf. It uses light, air, moisture, and the material of soil. To say that it uses them is to say that it turns them into means of its own conservation. As long as it is growing, the energy it expends in thus turning the environment to account is more than compensated for by the return it gets: it grows. Understanding the word "control" in this sense, it may be said that a living being is one that subjugates and controls for its own continued activity the energies that would otherwise use it up. Life is a self-renewing process through action upon the environment.


Book Synopsis Democracy and Education by : John Dewey

Download or read book Democracy and Education written by John Dewey and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 1916 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . Renewal of Life by Transmission. The most notable distinction between living and inanimate things is that the former maintain themselves by renewal. A stone when struck resists. If its resistance is greater than the force of the blow struck, it remains outwardly unchanged. Otherwise, it is shattered into smaller bits. Never does the stone attempt to react in such a way that it may maintain itself against the blow, much less so as to render the blow a contributing factor to its own continued action. While the living thing may easily be crushed by superior force, it none the less tries to turn the energies which act upon it into means of its own further existence. If it cannot do so, it does not just split into smaller pieces (at least in the higher forms of life), but loses its identity as a living thing. As long as it endures, it struggles to use surrounding energies in its own behalf. It uses light, air, moisture, and the material of soil. To say that it uses them is to say that it turns them into means of its own conservation. As long as it is growing, the energy it expends in thus turning the environment to account is more than compensated for by the return it gets: it grows. Understanding the word "control" in this sense, it may be said that a living being is one that subjugates and controls for its own continued activity the energies that would otherwise use it up. Life is a self-renewing process through action upon the environment.