Agriculture–nutrition linkages in Tajikistan: Evidence from household survey data

Agriculture–nutrition linkages in Tajikistan: Evidence from household survey data

Author: Takeshima, Hiroyuki

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2018-11-15

Total Pages: 35

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

In Tajikistan, the poorest country in the Central Asia region and one of the poorest in the world, food consumption patterns remain inadequate for a significant share of the population. Undernutrition and child stunting, among other outcomes, remain prevalent. At the same time, overnutrition and obesity are becoming increasingly serious. Using pooled cross-section datasets collected in 2007 and 2015 from farm households in Khatlon province (the major agricultural area in Tajikistan), we investigate how key agricultural production practices (APPs) (household-level production diversification, land productivity, and production scale) are associated with household-level and individual-level nutritional outcomes, including dietary diversity and children’s and women’s anthropometric outcomes. We find that, in rural Khatlon, these APPs are positively associated with various nutritional outcomes at the household level. Furthermore, applying the methodologies of Lee (1979), Maddala (1983), and Björklund and Moffitt (1987), we find that a different set of factors affects the unobserved returns and costs of these APPs, which are heterogeneous across households, and that, importantly, adoption of these APPs is partly driven by the expected returns. However, despite the positive gross returns, diversifying farm production or raising land productivity is costly among small and resource-poor farms. Improving their access to land and agricultural capital, as well as improving overall land productivity, with particular support to women, may be critical for enhancing their nutritional outcomes by exploiting agriculture’s linkages to such outcomes.


Book Synopsis Agriculture–nutrition linkages in Tajikistan: Evidence from household survey data by : Takeshima, Hiroyuki

Download or read book Agriculture–nutrition linkages in Tajikistan: Evidence from household survey data written by Takeshima, Hiroyuki and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Tajikistan, the poorest country in the Central Asia region and one of the poorest in the world, food consumption patterns remain inadequate for a significant share of the population. Undernutrition and child stunting, among other outcomes, remain prevalent. At the same time, overnutrition and obesity are becoming increasingly serious. Using pooled cross-section datasets collected in 2007 and 2015 from farm households in Khatlon province (the major agricultural area in Tajikistan), we investigate how key agricultural production practices (APPs) (household-level production diversification, land productivity, and production scale) are associated with household-level and individual-level nutritional outcomes, including dietary diversity and children’s and women’s anthropometric outcomes. We find that, in rural Khatlon, these APPs are positively associated with various nutritional outcomes at the household level. Furthermore, applying the methodologies of Lee (1979), Maddala (1983), and Björklund and Moffitt (1987), we find that a different set of factors affects the unobserved returns and costs of these APPs, which are heterogeneous across households, and that, importantly, adoption of these APPs is partly driven by the expected returns. However, despite the positive gross returns, diversifying farm production or raising land productivity is costly among small and resource-poor farms. Improving their access to land and agricultural capital, as well as improving overall land productivity, with particular support to women, may be critical for enhancing their nutritional outcomes by exploiting agriculture’s linkages to such outcomes.

Agriculture-nutrition linkages, cooking-time, intra-household equality among women and children: Evidence from Tajikistan

Agriculture-nutrition linkages, cooking-time, intra-household equality among women and children: Evidence from Tajikistan

Author: Hiroyuki Takeshima

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2019-11-07

Total Pages: 46

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Household-level agriculture-nutrition linkage (ANL) tends to be strong in a rural subsistence setting with limited access to the food market. In such a context, markets for food processing services also may be imperfect, and consequently a household’s time-investments in cooking may become important. Using the primary data in Tajikistan, we show that longer periods of time dedicated to cooking by women in the household often significantly enhance household-level ANL. Furthermore, an increase in the diversity, scale, and efficiency of household production, as well as longer cooking time, can also reduce intrahousehold inequality in nutritional outcomes among women and children. These effects are stronger in areas with lower nighttime light intensity and for households with lower values of cooking assets. In a context where household-level ANL is strong, ANL may also depend on households’ self-production of complementary inputs, including cooking services. This dependence reveals both unique opportunities for and vulnerabilities of ANL for the rural poor.


Book Synopsis Agriculture-nutrition linkages, cooking-time, intra-household equality among women and children: Evidence from Tajikistan by : Hiroyuki Takeshima

Download or read book Agriculture-nutrition linkages, cooking-time, intra-household equality among women and children: Evidence from Tajikistan written by Hiroyuki Takeshima and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Household-level agriculture-nutrition linkage (ANL) tends to be strong in a rural subsistence setting with limited access to the food market. In such a context, markets for food processing services also may be imperfect, and consequently a household’s time-investments in cooking may become important. Using the primary data in Tajikistan, we show that longer periods of time dedicated to cooking by women in the household often significantly enhance household-level ANL. Furthermore, an increase in the diversity, scale, and efficiency of household production, as well as longer cooking time, can also reduce intrahousehold inequality in nutritional outcomes among women and children. These effects are stronger in areas with lower nighttime light intensity and for households with lower values of cooking assets. In a context where household-level ANL is strong, ANL may also depend on households’ self-production of complementary inputs, including cooking services. This dependence reveals both unique opportunities for and vulnerabilities of ANL for the rural poor.

Agriculture-nutrition Linkages in Tajikistan

Agriculture-nutrition Linkages in Tajikistan

Author: Hiroyuki Takeshima

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK


Book Synopsis Agriculture-nutrition Linkages in Tajikistan by : Hiroyuki Takeshima

Download or read book Agriculture-nutrition Linkages in Tajikistan written by Hiroyuki Takeshima and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Agriculture-nutrition Linkages, Cooking-time, Intrahousehold Equality Among Women and Children

Agriculture-nutrition Linkages, Cooking-time, Intrahousehold Equality Among Women and Children

Author: Hiroyuki Takeshima

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK


Book Synopsis Agriculture-nutrition Linkages, Cooking-time, Intrahousehold Equality Among Women and Children by : Hiroyuki Takeshima

Download or read book Agriculture-nutrition Linkages, Cooking-time, Intrahousehold Equality Among Women and Children written by Hiroyuki Takeshima and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nutrition-sensitive agriculture diversification and dietary diversity: Panel data evidence from Tajikistan

Nutrition-sensitive agriculture diversification and dietary diversity: Panel data evidence from Tajikistan

Author: Takeshima, Hiroyuki

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2024-04-09

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Nutrition-sensitive agricultural diversification continues to receive interest among developing country stakeholders as a viable option for achieving dual goals of poverty reduction and food/nutrition security improvements. Assessing the effectiveness of this strategy is also essential in countries like Tajikistan. We attempt to enrich the evidence base in this regard. We assess the linkages between household-level agricultural diversification and dietary diversity (both household- and individual-levels) using unique panel samples of households and individual women of reproductive ages in the Khatlon province. Using difference-in-difference propensity-score methods and panel fixed-effects instrumental variable regressions, we show that higher agricultural diversification together with greater overall production per worker and land at the household level leads to higher dietary diversity, particularly in areas with poor food market access. Typology analyses and crop-specific analyses suggest that vegetables, fruits, legumes/nuts/seeds, dairy products and eggs are particularly important commodities for which a farmer’s own production contributes to dietary diversity improvement. Furthermore, decomposition exercises within the subsistence farming framework suggest that nutritional returns and costs of agricultural diversification vary across households, and expected nutritional returns may be partly driving the adoption of agricultural diversification. In other words, households’ decisions to diversify agriculture may be partly driven by potential nutritional benefits associated with enhanced direct on-farm access to diverse food items rather than farm income growth alone. Our findings underscore the importance of supporting household farm diversification in Tajikistan to support improved nutrition intake, especially among those living in remote areas. In a low-income setting with limited local employment opportunities that is vulnerable to a wide range of external shocks, this will likely continue to be one of the most straightforward and realistic paths to improving household’s nutrition resilience.


Book Synopsis Nutrition-sensitive agriculture diversification and dietary diversity: Panel data evidence from Tajikistan by : Takeshima, Hiroyuki

Download or read book Nutrition-sensitive agriculture diversification and dietary diversity: Panel data evidence from Tajikistan written by Takeshima, Hiroyuki and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2024-04-09 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition-sensitive agricultural diversification continues to receive interest among developing country stakeholders as a viable option for achieving dual goals of poverty reduction and food/nutrition security improvements. Assessing the effectiveness of this strategy is also essential in countries like Tajikistan. We attempt to enrich the evidence base in this regard. We assess the linkages between household-level agricultural diversification and dietary diversity (both household- and individual-levels) using unique panel samples of households and individual women of reproductive ages in the Khatlon province. Using difference-in-difference propensity-score methods and panel fixed-effects instrumental variable regressions, we show that higher agricultural diversification together with greater overall production per worker and land at the household level leads to higher dietary diversity, particularly in areas with poor food market access. Typology analyses and crop-specific analyses suggest that vegetables, fruits, legumes/nuts/seeds, dairy products and eggs are particularly important commodities for which a farmer’s own production contributes to dietary diversity improvement. Furthermore, decomposition exercises within the subsistence farming framework suggest that nutritional returns and costs of agricultural diversification vary across households, and expected nutritional returns may be partly driving the adoption of agricultural diversification. In other words, households’ decisions to diversify agriculture may be partly driven by potential nutritional benefits associated with enhanced direct on-farm access to diverse food items rather than farm income growth alone. Our findings underscore the importance of supporting household farm diversification in Tajikistan to support improved nutrition intake, especially among those living in remote areas. In a low-income setting with limited local employment opportunities that is vulnerable to a wide range of external shocks, this will likely continue to be one of the most straightforward and realistic paths to improving household’s nutrition resilience.

Smallholders and family farms in Tajikistan

Smallholders and family farms in Tajikistan

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2020-09-01

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 9251329788

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Smallholders and family farms are among the most widespread forms of agriculture in the world. Their appearance in the countries of Europe and Central Asia is connected with the transition to a market economy and the adoption of land reforms in the early 1990s, which led to the widespread emergence of smallholders and family farms formed on the basis of large state collective farms. After almost three decades at the beginning of the first phase of land reforms, smallholders and family farms still face considerable difficulties in doing business in the agricultural sector. Smallholders and family farms, as one of the forms of dehkan farms, are new economic actors in the recent history of the Republic of Tajikistan. However, at this moment there is no single agreed-upon definition of smallholders in Tajikistan, and there are no clear indicators for the definitions of both smallholders and family farms. The current situation, with the absence of a clear and shared conceptual apparatus, causes differences in approach to the definition of these farms applied by different stakeholders. One of the main objectives of this research is to identify the needs, challenges and constraints that affect the economic, social and environmental state of the dehkan farms and their development, as well as to develop conclusions and relevant recommendations. It should be noted that these needs, challenges and constraints are largely interweaved and interrelated with each other, which makes it difficult to determine the specific cause-and-effect relationship.


Book Synopsis Smallholders and family farms in Tajikistan by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Smallholders and family farms in Tajikistan written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smallholders and family farms are among the most widespread forms of agriculture in the world. Their appearance in the countries of Europe and Central Asia is connected with the transition to a market economy and the adoption of land reforms in the early 1990s, which led to the widespread emergence of smallholders and family farms formed on the basis of large state collective farms. After almost three decades at the beginning of the first phase of land reforms, smallholders and family farms still face considerable difficulties in doing business in the agricultural sector. Smallholders and family farms, as one of the forms of dehkan farms, are new economic actors in the recent history of the Republic of Tajikistan. However, at this moment there is no single agreed-upon definition of smallholders in Tajikistan, and there are no clear indicators for the definitions of both smallholders and family farms. The current situation, with the absence of a clear and shared conceptual apparatus, causes differences in approach to the definition of these farms applied by different stakeholders. One of the main objectives of this research is to identify the needs, challenges and constraints that affect the economic, social and environmental state of the dehkan farms and their development, as well as to develop conclusions and relevant recommendations. It should be noted that these needs, challenges and constraints are largely interweaved and interrelated with each other, which makes it difficult to determine the specific cause-and-effect relationship.

From Relief to Rehabilitation

From Relief to Rehabilitation

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 178

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK


Book Synopsis From Relief to Rehabilitation by :

Download or read book From Relief to Rehabilitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Food Security and Political Stability in Tajikistan

Food Security and Political Stability in Tajikistan

Author: Raj Kumar Sharma

Publisher: Vij Books India Pvt Ltd

Published: 2018-10-01

Total Pages: 294

ISBN-13: 819375915X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

There are links between food security and political stability as was evident during the world food crisis of 2007-08. Food riots were witnessed in a number of countries contributing to political instability. There are a number of dimensions to the problem of food insecurity in Tajikistan. This book is an attempt to fill the academic void on Tajikistan, especially pertaining to its food security. This work traces the history of agriculture and food production in Tajikistan from mid-19th century when it came under Russian rule. From its inception, Tajikistan has been facing the ‘geographic handicap’ as it is a mountainous country and only 7 percent of the total land is arable which limits its food production. This book is a detailed study of how Soviet economic geography introduced intensive cotton cultivation in Tajikistan at the expense of food crops. Soviet economic planners felt that a region with hot climate and large water resources should not attempt to grow grains but cotton. In the contemporary context, this book focuses on how the state and international actors have responded to the food insecurity in Tajikistan. Most importantly, the book also analyses the relationship between food security and political stability in Tajikistan.


Book Synopsis Food Security and Political Stability in Tajikistan by : Raj Kumar Sharma

Download or read book Food Security and Political Stability in Tajikistan written by Raj Kumar Sharma and published by Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2018-10-01 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are links between food security and political stability as was evident during the world food crisis of 2007-08. Food riots were witnessed in a number of countries contributing to political instability. There are a number of dimensions to the problem of food insecurity in Tajikistan. This book is an attempt to fill the academic void on Tajikistan, especially pertaining to its food security. This work traces the history of agriculture and food production in Tajikistan from mid-19th century when it came under Russian rule. From its inception, Tajikistan has been facing the ‘geographic handicap’ as it is a mountainous country and only 7 percent of the total land is arable which limits its food production. This book is a detailed study of how Soviet economic geography introduced intensive cotton cultivation in Tajikistan at the expense of food crops. Soviet economic planners felt that a region with hot climate and large water resources should not attempt to grow grains but cotton. In the contemporary context, this book focuses on how the state and international actors have responded to the food insecurity in Tajikistan. Most importantly, the book also analyses the relationship between food security and political stability in Tajikistan.

Special Report – 2021 FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CFSAM) to the Republic of Tajikistan

Special Report – 2021 FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CFSAM) to the Republic of Tajikistan

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2022-05-17

Total Pages: 80

ISBN-13: 9251361681

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Following an official request by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Tajikistan on 4 May 2021, FAO and WFP carried out an abridged approach to the Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CFSAM) to the country. After thorough planning and preparation, the two agencies assessed the 2021 food crop production, estimated the food import requirements for the 2021/22 marketing year and analysed the 2021 food security situation at household level. The mission’s core team was composed of FAO and WFP staff members with support from a contracted service provider for conducting key informant interviews, community interaction and a telephone interview-based household survey.


Book Synopsis Special Report – 2021 FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CFSAM) to the Republic of Tajikistan by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Special Report – 2021 FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CFSAM) to the Republic of Tajikistan written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-05-17 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following an official request by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Tajikistan on 4 May 2021, FAO and WFP carried out an abridged approach to the Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission (CFSAM) to the country. After thorough planning and preparation, the two agencies assessed the 2021 food crop production, estimated the food import requirements for the 2021/22 marketing year and analysed the 2021 food security situation at household level. The mission’s core team was composed of FAO and WFP staff members with support from a contracted service provider for conducting key informant interviews, community interaction and a telephone interview-based household survey.

2020 Overview of food security in Economic Cooperation Organization Member States

2020 Overview of food security in Economic Cooperation Organization Member States

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.

Published: 2022-09-02

Total Pages: 88

ISBN-13: 9251360723

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This report provides an overview of developments concerning food security and nutrition in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) Member States. The overview is based on the data available as of mid-2021. The report is organized in seven sections. Following the Introduction, Section 2 introduces the overall approach adopted in the overview and assessment of the food security and nutrition situation in ECO member states. Section 3 reviews the progress made towards the SDG 2 targets using the most recent data from FAO. The data used in the overview do not incorporate COVID-19-related data. Therefore, the potential impact on food security and nutrition of the spread of the virus is presented separately in Section 4, which discusses the potential global and regional effects of COVID-19. Section 5 elaborates on the key linkages between agriculture and nutrition and underlines a nutrition challenge that diversified and nutrition-sensitive agriculture has high potential to overcome. Section 6 discusses prospects for food security and nutrition in ECO member states until 2030. Finally, Section 7 concludes the report, pointing to the need to incorporate the key considerations into country-level food security and nutrition strategies.


Book Synopsis 2020 Overview of food security in Economic Cooperation Organization Member States by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book 2020 Overview of food security in Economic Cooperation Organization Member States written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-09-02 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides an overview of developments concerning food security and nutrition in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) Member States. The overview is based on the data available as of mid-2021. The report is organized in seven sections. Following the Introduction, Section 2 introduces the overall approach adopted in the overview and assessment of the food security and nutrition situation in ECO member states. Section 3 reviews the progress made towards the SDG 2 targets using the most recent data from FAO. The data used in the overview do not incorporate COVID-19-related data. Therefore, the potential impact on food security and nutrition of the spread of the virus is presented separately in Section 4, which discusses the potential global and regional effects of COVID-19. Section 5 elaborates on the key linkages between agriculture and nutrition and underlines a nutrition challenge that diversified and nutrition-sensitive agriculture has high potential to overcome. Section 6 discusses prospects for food security and nutrition in ECO member states until 2030. Finally, Section 7 concludes the report, pointing to the need to incorporate the key considerations into country-level food security and nutrition strategies.