Air Quality in the Mexico Megacity

Air Quality in the Mexico Megacity

Author: L. Molina

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 9401004544

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In this book, experts in atmospheric sciences, human health, economics, social and political sciences contribute to an integrated assessment of the complex elements needed to structure air quality policy in the 21st century. The analysis is developed through a case study of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area - one of the world's largest megacities in which air pollution grew unchecked for decades. The international research team is led by Luisa T. and Mario J. Molina, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry. Improvements in Mexico City's air quality in the last decade testifies to the power of determined and enlightened policy making, and throws into relief the tough problems that remain to be solved. The volume's first six chapters, including the contributions of over 50 distinguished scholars from Mexico and the US, outline the fundamental areas of knowledge policy makers must accommodate. The message is that only good science and well-chosen technologies can direct the way to corrective regulatory measures; but without strong commitment from government, no amount of science or technology can help.


Book Synopsis Air Quality in the Mexico Megacity by : L. Molina

Download or read book Air Quality in the Mexico Megacity written by L. Molina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, experts in atmospheric sciences, human health, economics, social and political sciences contribute to an integrated assessment of the complex elements needed to structure air quality policy in the 21st century. The analysis is developed through a case study of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area - one of the world's largest megacities in which air pollution grew unchecked for decades. The international research team is led by Luisa T. and Mario J. Molina, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry. Improvements in Mexico City's air quality in the last decade testifies to the power of determined and enlightened policy making, and throws into relief the tough problems that remain to be solved. The volume's first six chapters, including the contributions of over 50 distinguished scholars from Mexico and the US, outline the fundamental areas of knowledge policy makers must accommodate. The message is that only good science and well-chosen technologies can direct the way to corrective regulatory measures; but without strong commitment from government, no amount of science or technology can help.

Urban Air Pollution and Forests

Urban Air Pollution and Forests

Author: Mark E. Fenn

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 412

ISBN-13: 038722520X

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At present, roughly half of the world's population lives in urban centers. There are now more than 20 cities with a population of over 10 million inhabitants, compared to less than 5 about 50 years ago. This tendency toward urbanization is expected to continue, particularly in the developing world. A consequence of this growing trend is that millions of people are being exposed to harmful levels of urban air pollutants caused mainly by emissions from motor vehicles and from industrial and domestic activities involving the combustion of fossil fuels. The driving force for the design and implementation of emission control strate gies aimed at improving air quality has been the protection of the health of the population in urban centers. There are, however, other consequences of the pres ence of air pollutants besides the direct effect on human health. Reduced visibil ity, damage to monuments and buildings, and many other such consequences indirectly affect our quality of life. Another set of consequences involves damage to ecological systems. In fact, the nature of "photochemical smog" was first uncovered in the 1950s in connection with observations of its harmful effects on crops and plants in the vicinity of Los Angeles.


Book Synopsis Urban Air Pollution and Forests by : Mark E. Fenn

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution and Forests written by Mark E. Fenn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present, roughly half of the world's population lives in urban centers. There are now more than 20 cities with a population of over 10 million inhabitants, compared to less than 5 about 50 years ago. This tendency toward urbanization is expected to continue, particularly in the developing world. A consequence of this growing trend is that millions of people are being exposed to harmful levels of urban air pollutants caused mainly by emissions from motor vehicles and from industrial and domestic activities involving the combustion of fossil fuels. The driving force for the design and implementation of emission control strate gies aimed at improving air quality has been the protection of the health of the population in urban centers. There are, however, other consequences of the pres ence of air pollutants besides the direct effect on human health. Reduced visibil ity, damage to monuments and buildings, and many other such consequences indirectly affect our quality of life. Another set of consequences involves damage to ecological systems. In fact, the nature of "photochemical smog" was first uncovered in the 1950s in connection with observations of its harmful effects on crops and plants in the vicinity of Los Angeles.

Urban Air Pollution

Urban Air Pollution

Author: Shinji Wakamatsu

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2020-06-10

Total Pages: 400

ISBN-13: 9784431554769

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This book identifies air pollution in megacity areas as a serious environmental issue that calls for prompt countermeasures. The first book to compare air pollution in Mexican megacities to those in Japan, it examines air pollution trends for the past 50 years, mainly focusing on Mexico and Japan, but also including data from the US and China. It consists of 3 sections, discussing 1) air pollutants and formation mechanisms; 2) air pollution trends and contributing factors; and 3) Characteristics of air pollution in three Mexican Megacity Areas – Mexico City, Guadalajara and Monterrey. It also proposes co-beneficial countermeasure scenarios that can effectively improve regional and global atmospheric environmental conditions. Helping readers to understand air pollution formation mechanisms and countermeasure scenarios that are effective at both regional and global scales, the book appeals to researchers and graduate students in the field of atmospheric environmental science, as well as undergraduate science, engineering and social sciences students, and environmental administrative officers and anyone interested in our atmospheric environment.


Book Synopsis Urban Air Pollution by : Shinji Wakamatsu

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution written by Shinji Wakamatsu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies air pollution in megacity areas as a serious environmental issue that calls for prompt countermeasures. The first book to compare air pollution in Mexican megacities to those in Japan, it examines air pollution trends for the past 50 years, mainly focusing on Mexico and Japan, but also including data from the US and China. It consists of 3 sections, discussing 1) air pollutants and formation mechanisms; 2) air pollution trends and contributing factors; and 3) Characteristics of air pollution in three Mexican Megacity Areas – Mexico City, Guadalajara and Monterrey. It also proposes co-beneficial countermeasure scenarios that can effectively improve regional and global atmospheric environmental conditions. Helping readers to understand air pollution formation mechanisms and countermeasure scenarios that are effective at both regional and global scales, the book appeals to researchers and graduate students in the field of atmospheric environmental science, as well as undergraduate science, engineering and social sciences students, and environmental administrative officers and anyone interested in our atmospheric environment.

Improving Air Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City

Improving Air Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City

Author: Mexico Air Quality Management Team

Publisher:

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13:

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The annual health benefits of a 10 percent reduction in ozone and PM10 in Mexico City, conservatively estimated, are approximately $760 million (in 1999 U.S. dollars) annually. Reducing PM10 has larger estimated health benefits than reducing ozone, with each microgram per cubic centimeter reduction in PM10 worth about $100 million per year.


Book Synopsis Improving Air Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City by : Mexico Air Quality Management Team

Download or read book Improving Air Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City written by Mexico Air Quality Management Team and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The annual health benefits of a 10 percent reduction in ozone and PM10 in Mexico City, conservatively estimated, are approximately $760 million (in 1999 U.S. dollars) annually. Reducing PM10 has larger estimated health benefits than reducing ozone, with each microgram per cubic centimeter reduction in PM10 worth about $100 million per year.

Improving Air Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City

Improving Air Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City

Author: The Mexico Air Quality Management Team

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Mexico City has for years experienced high levels of ozone and particulate air pollution. In 1995-99 the entire population of the Mexico City metropolitan area was exposed to annual average concentrations of fine particulate pollution (particulates with a diameter of less than 10 micrometers, or PM10) exceeding 50 micrograms per cubic meter, the annual average standard in both Mexico and the United States. Two million people were exposed to annual average PM10 levels of more than 75 micrograms per cubic meter. The daily maximum one-hour ozone standard was exceeded at least 300 days a year. The Mexico Air Quality Management Team documents population-weighted exposures to ozone and PM10 between 1995 and 1999, project exposures in 2010, and computes the value of four scenarios for 2010: A 10 percent reduction in PM10 and ozone. A 20 percent reduction in PM10 and ozone. Achievement of ambient air quality standards across the metropolitan area. A 68 percent reduction in ozone and a 47 percent reduction in PM10 across the metropolitan area. The authors calculate the health benefits of reducing ozone and PM10 for each scenario using dose-response functions from the peer-reviewed literature. They value cases of morbidity and premature mortality avoided using three approaches: Cost of illness and forgone earnings only (low estimate). Cost of illness, forgone earnings, and willingness to pay for avoided morbidity (central case estimate). Cost of illness, forgone earnings, willingness to pay for avoided morbidity, and willingness to pay for avoided mortality (high estimate). The results suggest that the benefits of a 10 percent reduction in ozone and PM10 in 2010 are about $760 million (in 1999 U.S. dollars) annually in the central case. The benefits of a 20 percent reduction in ozone and PM10 are about $1.49 billion annually. In each case the benefits of reducing ozone amount to about 15 percent of the total benefits. By estimating the magnitude of the benefits from air pollution control, the authors provide motivation for examining specific policies that could achieve the air pollution reductions that they value. They also provide unit values for the benefits from reductions in ambient air pollution (for example, per microgram of PM10) that could be used as inputs into a full cost-benefit analysis of air pollution control strategies.


Book Synopsis Improving Air Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City by : The Mexico Air Quality Management Team

Download or read book Improving Air Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City written by The Mexico Air Quality Management Team and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mexico City has for years experienced high levels of ozone and particulate air pollution. In 1995-99 the entire population of the Mexico City metropolitan area was exposed to annual average concentrations of fine particulate pollution (particulates with a diameter of less than 10 micrometers, or PM10) exceeding 50 micrograms per cubic meter, the annual average standard in both Mexico and the United States. Two million people were exposed to annual average PM10 levels of more than 75 micrograms per cubic meter. The daily maximum one-hour ozone standard was exceeded at least 300 days a year. The Mexico Air Quality Management Team documents population-weighted exposures to ozone and PM10 between 1995 and 1999, project exposures in 2010, and computes the value of four scenarios for 2010: A 10 percent reduction in PM10 and ozone. A 20 percent reduction in PM10 and ozone. Achievement of ambient air quality standards across the metropolitan area. A 68 percent reduction in ozone and a 47 percent reduction in PM10 across the metropolitan area. The authors calculate the health benefits of reducing ozone and PM10 for each scenario using dose-response functions from the peer-reviewed literature. They value cases of morbidity and premature mortality avoided using three approaches: Cost of illness and forgone earnings only (low estimate). Cost of illness, forgone earnings, and willingness to pay for avoided morbidity (central case estimate). Cost of illness, forgone earnings, willingness to pay for avoided morbidity, and willingness to pay for avoided mortality (high estimate). The results suggest that the benefits of a 10 percent reduction in ozone and PM10 in 2010 are about $760 million (in 1999 U.S. dollars) annually in the central case. The benefits of a 20 percent reduction in ozone and PM10 are about $1.49 billion annually. In each case the benefits of reducing ozone amount to about 15 percent of the total benefits. By estimating the magnitude of the benefits from air pollution control, the authors provide motivation for examining specific policies that could achieve the air pollution reductions that they value. They also provide unit values for the benefits from reductions in ambient air pollution (for example, per microgram of PM10) that could be used as inputs into a full cost-benefit analysis of air pollution control strategies.

Integrated Air Quality Management

Integrated Air Quality Management

Author: Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2012-07-05

Total Pages: 413

ISBN-13: 1439862265

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The steady growth in the number of vehicles on the road, heavy reliance on coal, use of dirty fuels for residential combustion, and extensive open burning are some of the major factors leading to the progressive deterioration of air quality in developing countries in Asia. And despite efforts to establish and implement air quality measurement syste


Book Synopsis Integrated Air Quality Management by : Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh

Download or read book Integrated Air Quality Management written by Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The steady growth in the number of vehicles on the road, heavy reliance on coal, use of dirty fuels for residential combustion, and extensive open burning are some of the major factors leading to the progressive deterioration of air quality in developing countries in Asia. And despite efforts to establish and implement air quality measurement syste

Mexico Megacity

Mexico Megacity

Author: James B Pick

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-02-23

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 0429978588

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This book describes and analyzes a wealth of data about Mexico Citys growth, change, and spatial patterns. Applying modern techniques of geographic information systems and cluster analysis, the authors reveal many previously unknown or unrecognized trends and patterns. The authors provide historical background, analyze key findings and relationships, and tie their results to the literature on Mexico City and other giant cities. The United Nations predicts the emergence of many more giant cities worldwide over the next quarter century, most of which will appear in the developing world. Mexico Megacity may be a milestone from a comparative perspective in increasing knowledge about one developing world megacity and offering analytical tools to study others. With a population of 15 million persons in 1990, Mexico City is one of the worlds largest cities. It is a famous center of civilizations and culture and one of the economic capitals of the Americas, but it also has serious social and economic problems, including large impoverished zones, severe environmental degradation, crime, and overpopulation. This book describes and analyzes growth, change, and spatial patterns in Mexico City, looking at urbanization, population, marriage and fertility, health and mortality, migration, environment and housing, social characteristics, the economy, labor force, and corporate structure. Applying modern techniques of geographic information systems and spatial analysis, the authors reveal many previously unknown or unrecognized trends and patterns. In a capstone chapter, they summarize the spatial patterns in a series of cluster analyses that identify distinctive zones within the metropolisa prosperous core, surrounding complex ring patterns, an impoverished zone, and semi-rural arms. They also compare the pattern of Mexico Citys cluster zones to the classical and developmental literature on cities. In closing, the authors suggest government policies that would foster optimal future development of an even larger metropolis. This book addresses a topic of growing importance. The United Nations predicts the emergence of many more giant cities worldwide over the next quarter century, most of which will appear in the developing world. Mexico Megacity is a milestone work that increases our knowledge about one developing world megacity while offering analytical tools for studying others.


Book Synopsis Mexico Megacity by : James B Pick

Download or read book Mexico Megacity written by James B Pick and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-23 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes and analyzes a wealth of data about Mexico Citys growth, change, and spatial patterns. Applying modern techniques of geographic information systems and cluster analysis, the authors reveal many previously unknown or unrecognized trends and patterns. The authors provide historical background, analyze key findings and relationships, and tie their results to the literature on Mexico City and other giant cities. The United Nations predicts the emergence of many more giant cities worldwide over the next quarter century, most of which will appear in the developing world. Mexico Megacity may be a milestone from a comparative perspective in increasing knowledge about one developing world megacity and offering analytical tools to study others. With a population of 15 million persons in 1990, Mexico City is one of the worlds largest cities. It is a famous center of civilizations and culture and one of the economic capitals of the Americas, but it also has serious social and economic problems, including large impoverished zones, severe environmental degradation, crime, and overpopulation. This book describes and analyzes growth, change, and spatial patterns in Mexico City, looking at urbanization, population, marriage and fertility, health and mortality, migration, environment and housing, social characteristics, the economy, labor force, and corporate structure. Applying modern techniques of geographic information systems and spatial analysis, the authors reveal many previously unknown or unrecognized trends and patterns. In a capstone chapter, they summarize the spatial patterns in a series of cluster analyses that identify distinctive zones within the metropolisa prosperous core, surrounding complex ring patterns, an impoverished zone, and semi-rural arms. They also compare the pattern of Mexico Citys cluster zones to the classical and developmental literature on cities. In closing, the authors suggest government policies that would foster optimal future development of an even larger metropolis. This book addresses a topic of growing importance. The United Nations predicts the emergence of many more giant cities worldwide over the next quarter century, most of which will appear in the developing world. Mexico Megacity is a milestone work that increases our knowledge about one developing world megacity while offering analytical tools for studying others.

Urban Air Pollution in Megacities of the World

Urban Air Pollution in Megacities of the World

Author: John P. Allen

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Published: 1993-01-18

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 9780631184041

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The Urban Air Pollution in Mega Cities of the World d report assesses air quality in 20 of the world's megacities (defined for the purposes of this book as cities with a population of 10 million or more by the year 2000). The report highlights the air quality problems associated with urbanization. These problems are of increasing importance due to projected growth in the urban pollution world-wide and thus the potential increase in the number of people exposed. The issues raised apply not only to current mega-cities but to most rapidly developing urban areas. The cities are; New York City, Los Angeles, New Delhi, Calcutta, Bombay, Cairo/Giza, Karachi, Moscow, London, Seoul, Metro Manila/Quezon City, Beunos Aries, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Tokyo/Yokohama, Beijing, Shanghai, Jakarta, Bangkok and Mexico City.


Book Synopsis Urban Air Pollution in Megacities of the World by : John P. Allen

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution in Megacities of the World written by John P. Allen and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1993-01-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Urban Air Pollution in Mega Cities of the World d report assesses air quality in 20 of the world's megacities (defined for the purposes of this book as cities with a population of 10 million or more by the year 2000). The report highlights the air quality problems associated with urbanization. These problems are of increasing importance due to projected growth in the urban pollution world-wide and thus the potential increase in the number of people exposed. The issues raised apply not only to current mega-cities but to most rapidly developing urban areas. The cities are; New York City, Los Angeles, New Delhi, Calcutta, Bombay, Cairo/Giza, Karachi, Moscow, London, Seoul, Metro Manila/Quezon City, Beunos Aries, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Tokyo/Yokohama, Beijing, Shanghai, Jakarta, Bangkok and Mexico City.

Coming Up for Air

Coming Up for Air

Author: Nicole B. Tyndall

Publisher: Ember

Published: 2021-12-21

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 0593127110

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For fans of Nina LaCour and The Spectacular Now, a powerful coming-of-age story about a girl with creative aspirations and the boy who charms his way into her life, centering on themes of addiction, loss, and the tumultuousness of first love--and how to find strength when everything falls apart. Ever since her mom's cancer scare, Hadley hasn't been one for taking risks. And after seeing her sister go through one too many heartbreaks, she definitely has no interest in dating. Hadley just wants to keep her head down and enjoy the rest of high school with her friends, focusing on her photography and getting into the art school of her dreams. Then enters Braden, star of the swim team and precisely the kind of person Hadley avoids, all bravado and charm and impulsivity. From their first moment together, they are perfect sparring partners, equally matched. And it's intoxicating. Braden sees her, really sees her, and Hadley decides it might be time to break all her rules. Braden shows Hadley how to live again, and soon Hadley is happier than she'll ever admit out loud. But that's before her family is faced with devastating news, and Braden starts hiding a growing, dark secret. As it threatens to shatter everything they've built, Hadley must confront her own actions and determine if she has the strength to walk away.


Book Synopsis Coming Up for Air by : Nicole B. Tyndall

Download or read book Coming Up for Air written by Nicole B. Tyndall and published by Ember. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For fans of Nina LaCour and The Spectacular Now, a powerful coming-of-age story about a girl with creative aspirations and the boy who charms his way into her life, centering on themes of addiction, loss, and the tumultuousness of first love--and how to find strength when everything falls apart. Ever since her mom's cancer scare, Hadley hasn't been one for taking risks. And after seeing her sister go through one too many heartbreaks, she definitely has no interest in dating. Hadley just wants to keep her head down and enjoy the rest of high school with her friends, focusing on her photography and getting into the art school of her dreams. Then enters Braden, star of the swim team and precisely the kind of person Hadley avoids, all bravado and charm and impulsivity. From their first moment together, they are perfect sparring partners, equally matched. And it's intoxicating. Braden sees her, really sees her, and Hadley decides it might be time to break all her rules. Braden shows Hadley how to live again, and soon Hadley is happier than she'll ever admit out loud. But that's before her family is faced with devastating news, and Braden starts hiding a growing, dark secret. As it threatens to shatter everything they've built, Hadley must confront her own actions and determine if she has the strength to walk away.

Air Pollution in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

Air Pollution in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

Author: Anas Benbarka

Publisher:

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area by : Anas Benbarka

Download or read book Air Pollution in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area written by Anas Benbarka and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: