Architecture and Space Re-imagined

Architecture and Space Re-imagined

Author: Richard Bower

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-06-10

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 1317390296

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As with so many facets of contemporary western life, architecture and space are often experienced and understood as a commodity or product. The premise of this book is to offer alternatives to the practices and values of such westernised space and Architecture (with a capital A), by exploring the participatory and grass-roots practices used in alternative development models in the Global South. This process re-contextualises the spaces, values, and relationships produced by such alternative methods of development and social agency. It asks whether such spatial practices provide concrete realisations of some key concepts of Western spatial theory, questioning whether we might challenge the space and architectures of capitalist development by learning from the places and practices of others. Exploring these themes offers a critical examination of alternative development practices methods in the Global South, re-contextualising them as architectural engagements with socio-political space. The comparison of such interdisciplinary contexts and discourses reveals the political, social, and economic resonances inherent between these previously unconnected spatial protagonists. The interdependence of spatial issues of choice, value, and identity are revealed through a comparative study of the discourses of Henri Lefebvre, John Turner, Doreen Massey, and Nabeel Hamdi. These key protagonists offer a critical framework of discourses from which further connections to socio-spatial discourses and concepts are made, including post-marxist theory, orientalism, post-structural pluralism, development anthropology, post-colonial theory, hybridity, difference and subalterneity. By looking to the spaces and practices of alternative development in the Global South this book offers a critical reflection upon the working practices of Westernised architecture and other spatial and political practices. In exploring the methodologies, implications and values of such participatory development practices this book ultimately seeks to articulate the positive potential and political of learning from the difference, multiplicity, and otherness of development practice in order to re-imagine architecture and space. .


Book Synopsis Architecture and Space Re-imagined by : Richard Bower

Download or read book Architecture and Space Re-imagined written by Richard Bower and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As with so many facets of contemporary western life, architecture and space are often experienced and understood as a commodity or product. The premise of this book is to offer alternatives to the practices and values of such westernised space and Architecture (with a capital A), by exploring the participatory and grass-roots practices used in alternative development models in the Global South. This process re-contextualises the spaces, values, and relationships produced by such alternative methods of development and social agency. It asks whether such spatial practices provide concrete realisations of some key concepts of Western spatial theory, questioning whether we might challenge the space and architectures of capitalist development by learning from the places and practices of others. Exploring these themes offers a critical examination of alternative development practices methods in the Global South, re-contextualising them as architectural engagements with socio-political space. The comparison of such interdisciplinary contexts and discourses reveals the political, social, and economic resonances inherent between these previously unconnected spatial protagonists. The interdependence of spatial issues of choice, value, and identity are revealed through a comparative study of the discourses of Henri Lefebvre, John Turner, Doreen Massey, and Nabeel Hamdi. These key protagonists offer a critical framework of discourses from which further connections to socio-spatial discourses and concepts are made, including post-marxist theory, orientalism, post-structural pluralism, development anthropology, post-colonial theory, hybridity, difference and subalterneity. By looking to the spaces and practices of alternative development in the Global South this book offers a critical reflection upon the working practices of Westernised architecture and other spatial and political practices. In exploring the methodologies, implications and values of such participatory development practices this book ultimately seeks to articulate the positive potential and political of learning from the difference, multiplicity, and otherness of development practice in order to re-imagine architecture and space. .


Architecture and Space Re-imagined

Architecture and Space Re-imagined

Author: Richard Bower

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-06-10

Total Pages: 252

ISBN-13: 131739030X

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As with so many facets of contemporary western life, architecture and space are often experienced and understood as a commodity or product. The premise of this book is to offer alternatives to the practices and values of such westernised space and Architecture (with a capital A), by exploring the participatory and grass-roots practices used in alternative development models in the Global South. This process re-contextualises the spaces, values, and relationships produced by such alternative methods of development and social agency. It asks whether such spatial practices provide concrete realisations of some key concepts of Western spatial theory, questioning whether we might challenge the space and architectures of capitalist development by learning from the places and practices of others. Exploring these themes offers a critical examination of alternative development practices methods in the Global South, re-contextualising them as architectural engagements with socio-political space. The comparison of such interdisciplinary contexts and discourses reveals the political, social, and economic resonances inherent between these previously unconnected spatial protagonists. The interdependence of spatial issues of choice, value, and identity are revealed through a comparative study of the discourses of Henri Lefebvre, John Turner, Doreen Massey, and Nabeel Hamdi. These key protagonists offer a critical framework of discourses from which further connections to socio-spatial discourses and concepts are made, including post-marxist theory, orientalism, post-structural pluralism, development anthropology, post-colonial theory, hybridity, difference and subalterneity. By looking to the spaces and practices of alternative development in the Global South this book offers a critical reflection upon the working practices of Westernised architecture and other spatial and political practices. In exploring the methodologies, implications and values of such participatory development practices this book ultimately seeks to articulate the positive potential and political of learning from the difference, multiplicity, and otherness of development practice in order to re-imagine architecture and space. .


Book Synopsis Architecture and Space Re-imagined by : Richard Bower

Download or read book Architecture and Space Re-imagined written by Richard Bower and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As with so many facets of contemporary western life, architecture and space are often experienced and understood as a commodity or product. The premise of this book is to offer alternatives to the practices and values of such westernised space and Architecture (with a capital A), by exploring the participatory and grass-roots practices used in alternative development models in the Global South. This process re-contextualises the spaces, values, and relationships produced by such alternative methods of development and social agency. It asks whether such spatial practices provide concrete realisations of some key concepts of Western spatial theory, questioning whether we might challenge the space and architectures of capitalist development by learning from the places and practices of others. Exploring these themes offers a critical examination of alternative development practices methods in the Global South, re-contextualising them as architectural engagements with socio-political space. The comparison of such interdisciplinary contexts and discourses reveals the political, social, and economic resonances inherent between these previously unconnected spatial protagonists. The interdependence of spatial issues of choice, value, and identity are revealed through a comparative study of the discourses of Henri Lefebvre, John Turner, Doreen Massey, and Nabeel Hamdi. These key protagonists offer a critical framework of discourses from which further connections to socio-spatial discourses and concepts are made, including post-marxist theory, orientalism, post-structural pluralism, development anthropology, post-colonial theory, hybridity, difference and subalterneity. By looking to the spaces and practices of alternative development in the Global South this book offers a critical reflection upon the working practices of Westernised architecture and other spatial and political practices. In exploring the methodologies, implications and values of such participatory development practices this book ultimately seeks to articulate the positive potential and political of learning from the difference, multiplicity, and otherness of development practice in order to re-imagine architecture and space. .


Sensing Spaces

Sensing Spaces

Author: Philip Ursprung

Publisher: Royal Academy Books

Published: 2014-05-06

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781907533716

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More than any other art form, architecture is part of our everyday life. Despite this, its ability to dramatically affect the way we think, feel and interact with one another is often overlooked. This volume brings the focus back to the sensual aspects of architecture: the subtle and intangible ways it impacts on human experience. It approaches this subject through the work of six leading architects from around the world, all of whom have created a unique immersive installation for the Royal Academy. Conversations with each of these architects (including Kengo Kuma, Li Xiaodong and Pezo von Ellrichshausen) show the multiplicity of ways in which different approaches to the built environment can affect the way in which we connect with our surroundings, while an introduction by Philip Ursprung explores the background to this humanistic approach to design. The book is fully illustrated, featuring preparatory sketches of the installations as well as key buildings by each of the architects. AUTHOR: Philip Ursprung is professor of history of art and architecture at the Institute for the History and Theory of Architecture, Zurich. Kate Goodwin is Heinz Curator of Architecture at the Royal Academy of Arts. SELLING POINTS: * Focusing on installations made especially for the Royal Academy, this is a completely unique approch to the study of architecture * Features some of the most exciting architects working today, including Li Xiaodong and Pezo von Ellrichshausen * Includes photographs illustrating each architect's work, as well as preparatory studies for their RA installations 120 colour


Book Synopsis Sensing Spaces by : Philip Ursprung

Download or read book Sensing Spaces written by Philip Ursprung and published by Royal Academy Books. This book was released on 2014-05-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than any other art form, architecture is part of our everyday life. Despite this, its ability to dramatically affect the way we think, feel and interact with one another is often overlooked. This volume brings the focus back to the sensual aspects of architecture: the subtle and intangible ways it impacts on human experience. It approaches this subject through the work of six leading architects from around the world, all of whom have created a unique immersive installation for the Royal Academy. Conversations with each of these architects (including Kengo Kuma, Li Xiaodong and Pezo von Ellrichshausen) show the multiplicity of ways in which different approaches to the built environment can affect the way in which we connect with our surroundings, while an introduction by Philip Ursprung explores the background to this humanistic approach to design. The book is fully illustrated, featuring preparatory sketches of the installations as well as key buildings by each of the architects. AUTHOR: Philip Ursprung is professor of history of art and architecture at the Institute for the History and Theory of Architecture, Zurich. Kate Goodwin is Heinz Curator of Architecture at the Royal Academy of Arts. SELLING POINTS: * Focusing on installations made especially for the Royal Academy, this is a completely unique approch to the study of architecture * Features some of the most exciting architects working today, including Li Xiaodong and Pezo von Ellrichshausen * Includes photographs illustrating each architect's work, as well as preparatory studies for their RA installations 120 colour


Re-Imagining Spaces and Places

Re-Imagining Spaces and Places

Author: Stefano Rozzoni

Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing

Published: 2022-03-29

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 1800717393

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The contributors in this edited collection scrutinize the changing dynamics of space and place in relation to current political, social, and environmental urgencies across the globe. The discussions provide a cohesive study for disclosing latent understandings of multiple phenomena characterizing the world in which we live.


Book Synopsis Re-Imagining Spaces and Places by : Stefano Rozzoni

Download or read book Re-Imagining Spaces and Places written by Stefano Rozzoni and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors in this edited collection scrutinize the changing dynamics of space and place in relation to current political, social, and environmental urgencies across the globe. The discussions provide a cohesive study for disclosing latent understandings of multiple phenomena characterizing the world in which we live.


Re-imagining the City

Re-imagining the City

Author: Kristen Sharp

Publisher: Intellect (UK)

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781841507316

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Re-Imagining the City: Art, Globalization, and Urban Spaces examines how contemporary processes of globalization are transforming cultural experience and production in urban spaces. It maps how cultural productions in art, architecture, and communications media are contributing to the reimagining of place and identity through events, artifacts, and attitudes. This book recasts how we understand cities--how knowledge can be formed, framed, and transferred through cultural production and how that knowledge is mediated through the construction of aesthetic meaning and value.


Book Synopsis Re-imagining the City by : Kristen Sharp

Download or read book Re-imagining the City written by Kristen Sharp and published by Intellect (UK). This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Re-Imagining the City: Art, Globalization, and Urban Spaces examines how contemporary processes of globalization are transforming cultural experience and production in urban spaces. It maps how cultural productions in art, architecture, and communications media are contributing to the reimagining of place and identity through events, artifacts, and attitudes. This book recasts how we understand cities--how knowledge can be formed, framed, and transferred through cultural production and how that knowledge is mediated through the construction of aesthetic meaning and value.


Re-Imagining the Avant-Garde

Re-Imagining the Avant-Garde

Author:

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2019-07-10

Total Pages: 144

ISBN-13: 111950712X

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The 1960s and 1970s avant-garde has been likened to an ‘architectural Big Bang’, such was the intensity of energy and ambition in which it exploded into the postwar world. Marked out by architectural projects that redefined the discipline, it remains just as influential today. References to the likes of Archizoom, Peter Eisenman, John Hejduk and Superstudio abound. Highly diverse, the avant-garde cannot be defined as a single strand or tendency. It was divergent geographically – reaching from Europe to North America and Japan – and in its political, formal and cultural preoccupations. It was unified, though, as a critical and experimental force, critiquing contemporary society against the backdrop of extreme social and political upheaval: the Paris riots of May 1968, the anti-Vietnam war movement in America and the looming ecological crisis. Re-imagining the Avant-garde outlines how in contemporary architectural practice, avant-garde projects retain their power as historical precedents, as barometers of a particular design ethos, as critiques of society and instigators of new formal techniques. Given the far-reaching impact of the subsequent digital revolution, which has since reshaped every aspect of practice, the issue asks why this historical period continues to retain its undeniable grip on current architecture. Contributors: Pablo Bronstein and Sam Jacob, Sarah Deyong, Stylianos Giamarelos, Damjan Jovanovic, Andrew Kovacs, Perry Kulper, Igor Marjanovic, William Menking, Michael Sorkin, Neil Spiller and Mimi Zeiger. Featured architects: Archizoom, Andrea Branzi, Jimenez Lai, Luis Miguel (Koldo) Lus Arana (Klaus), NEMESTUDIO, Superstudio and UrbanLab.


Book Synopsis Re-Imagining the Avant-Garde by :

Download or read book Re-Imagining the Avant-Garde written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1960s and 1970s avant-garde has been likened to an ‘architectural Big Bang’, such was the intensity of energy and ambition in which it exploded into the postwar world. Marked out by architectural projects that redefined the discipline, it remains just as influential today. References to the likes of Archizoom, Peter Eisenman, John Hejduk and Superstudio abound. Highly diverse, the avant-garde cannot be defined as a single strand or tendency. It was divergent geographically – reaching from Europe to North America and Japan – and in its political, formal and cultural preoccupations. It was unified, though, as a critical and experimental force, critiquing contemporary society against the backdrop of extreme social and political upheaval: the Paris riots of May 1968, the anti-Vietnam war movement in America and the looming ecological crisis. Re-imagining the Avant-garde outlines how in contemporary architectural practice, avant-garde projects retain their power as historical precedents, as barometers of a particular design ethos, as critiques of society and instigators of new formal techniques. Given the far-reaching impact of the subsequent digital revolution, which has since reshaped every aspect of practice, the issue asks why this historical period continues to retain its undeniable grip on current architecture. Contributors: Pablo Bronstein and Sam Jacob, Sarah Deyong, Stylianos Giamarelos, Damjan Jovanovic, Andrew Kovacs, Perry Kulper, Igor Marjanovic, William Menking, Michael Sorkin, Neil Spiller and Mimi Zeiger. Featured architects: Archizoom, Andrea Branzi, Jimenez Lai, Luis Miguel (Koldo) Lus Arana (Klaus), NEMESTUDIO, Superstudio and UrbanLab.


Buildings Reimagined

Buildings Reimagined

Author: Stella Papanicolaou

Publisher:

Published: 2019-06

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 9781864708257

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The transformation and reuse of old buildings is by no means only a kind of renovation in the simple sense, but it's about adjusting a certain site to accommodate new functions. The key is to find the proper use for the building's architectural heritage. This book provides an in-depth analysis of a selection of thirty building types: looking closely at the property's background, the transformation of the motivation, the transformation strategy, as well as the problems encountered in the transformation. The pages within are filled with practical insights, including information on the latest features of contemporary renovations and adaptations of older buildings (some up to 300 years old), including some previous designs by revered practitioners, such as Antoni Gaudí and Zaha Hadid. Internationally renowned architects discuss in detail about key problems they've encountered when renovating an old building or conducting an urban renewal project, and provide readers with helpful outlines of a range of projects, what to look out for, and useful, practical approaches in each scenario. AUTHORS: Michael Louw is the director of CMAI Architects and senior lecturer at the University of Cape Town's School of Architecture, Planning and Geomatics. His research interests include architectural history and temporality, technology, craft, and design-build practices. Michael co-convenes a design-research studio in the Architectural Master's and Honors programs called Adapt, which focuses on adaptive reuse. Stella Papanicolaou is senior lecturer of the School of Architecture, Planning and Geomatics at the University of Cape Town. She teaches History and Theory of Architecture to undergraduate students and co-convenes the Adapt! Design Research Studio in the BAS Honours and MArch (Prof) programmes with Michael Louw. SELLING POINTS: * A comprehesive toolkit for architectural transformation grounded in practical examples * Practical insights into the latest features of contemporary renovations and adaptations of older buildings * Rich technical drawings to show internationally renowned architects' experiences 400 colour, 100 b/w images


Book Synopsis Buildings Reimagined by : Stella Papanicolaou

Download or read book Buildings Reimagined written by Stella Papanicolaou and published by . This book was released on 2019-06 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation and reuse of old buildings is by no means only a kind of renovation in the simple sense, but it's about adjusting a certain site to accommodate new functions. The key is to find the proper use for the building's architectural heritage. This book provides an in-depth analysis of a selection of thirty building types: looking closely at the property's background, the transformation of the motivation, the transformation strategy, as well as the problems encountered in the transformation. The pages within are filled with practical insights, including information on the latest features of contemporary renovations and adaptations of older buildings (some up to 300 years old), including some previous designs by revered practitioners, such as Antoni Gaudí and Zaha Hadid. Internationally renowned architects discuss in detail about key problems they've encountered when renovating an old building or conducting an urban renewal project, and provide readers with helpful outlines of a range of projects, what to look out for, and useful, practical approaches in each scenario. AUTHORS: Michael Louw is the director of CMAI Architects and senior lecturer at the University of Cape Town's School of Architecture, Planning and Geomatics. His research interests include architectural history and temporality, technology, craft, and design-build practices. Michael co-convenes a design-research studio in the Architectural Master's and Honors programs called Adapt, which focuses on adaptive reuse. Stella Papanicolaou is senior lecturer of the School of Architecture, Planning and Geomatics at the University of Cape Town. She teaches History and Theory of Architecture to undergraduate students and co-convenes the Adapt! Design Research Studio in the BAS Honours and MArch (Prof) programmes with Michael Louw. SELLING POINTS: * A comprehesive toolkit for architectural transformation grounded in practical examples * Practical insights into the latest features of contemporary renovations and adaptations of older buildings * Rich technical drawings to show internationally renowned architects' experiences 400 colour, 100 b/w images


Architectural Space and the Imagination

Architectural Space and the Imagination

Author: Jane Griffiths

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-10-08

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 3030360679

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This book sheds light on the intimate relationship between built space and the mind, exploring the ways in which architecture inhabits and shapes both the memory and the imagination. Examining the role of the house, a recurrent, even haunting, image in art and literature from classical times to the present day, it includes new work by both leading scholars and early career academics, providing fresh insights into the spiritual, social, and imaginative significances of built space. Further, it reveals how engagement with both real and imagined architectural structures has long been a way of understanding the intangible workings of the mind itself.


Book Synopsis Architectural Space and the Imagination by : Jane Griffiths

Download or read book Architectural Space and the Imagination written by Jane Griffiths and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on the intimate relationship between built space and the mind, exploring the ways in which architecture inhabits and shapes both the memory and the imagination. Examining the role of the house, a recurrent, even haunting, image in art and literature from classical times to the present day, it includes new work by both leading scholars and early career academics, providing fresh insights into the spiritual, social, and imaginative significances of built space. Further, it reveals how engagement with both real and imagined architectural structures has long been a way of understanding the intangible workings of the mind itself.


Suburbia Reimagined

Suburbia Reimagined

Author: Leon van Schaik

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-07-16

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 1351618679

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Worldwide, more and more people are living in cities, with suburbs conceived as appendages to the city, rather than being part of the city system, which is densely populated and offers a full range of services. But suburbs are not the city spread too thin, and in fact hold potential for a lived complexity as satisfying as that assumed to be available in inner cities. Just as the ecological function of wetlands was ignored by modernist planning, and swamps once-drained are now recognised as vital to water cycles, suburbs are increasingly recognised as part of a city’s wellbeing with their own alternative ideology and opportunities for urbanity and ecological sustainability. Suburbia Reimagined shows how such subdivision structures can offer new possibilities for sustainably integrating living between generations and between established and arriving migrant communities. The authors worked locally and internationally with university campuses, shopping centres, hospitals, airports, and other large entities spread through suburbia, to identify a broad range of suburban situations that have been modified to ensure that residents have a full access to amenities and services. The book addresses the history and design of suburbia, from the post-war soldier settlements of the 40s and 50s to the university hinterlands of Silicon Valley in order to reappraise the locked potential within such subdivision patterns. The authors propose a new model forward, examining case studies ranging from repurposed malls and railways for ecological sustainability to cul-de-sacs as social units and post-industrial factory conversions, ultimately showing the nascent patterns in suburbia that have the potential to support a rich life for all age groups.


Book Synopsis Suburbia Reimagined by : Leon van Schaik

Download or read book Suburbia Reimagined written by Leon van Schaik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worldwide, more and more people are living in cities, with suburbs conceived as appendages to the city, rather than being part of the city system, which is densely populated and offers a full range of services. But suburbs are not the city spread too thin, and in fact hold potential for a lived complexity as satisfying as that assumed to be available in inner cities. Just as the ecological function of wetlands was ignored by modernist planning, and swamps once-drained are now recognised as vital to water cycles, suburbs are increasingly recognised as part of a city’s wellbeing with their own alternative ideology and opportunities for urbanity and ecological sustainability. Suburbia Reimagined shows how such subdivision structures can offer new possibilities for sustainably integrating living between generations and between established and arriving migrant communities. The authors worked locally and internationally with university campuses, shopping centres, hospitals, airports, and other large entities spread through suburbia, to identify a broad range of suburban situations that have been modified to ensure that residents have a full access to amenities and services. The book addresses the history and design of suburbia, from the post-war soldier settlements of the 40s and 50s to the university hinterlands of Silicon Valley in order to reappraise the locked potential within such subdivision patterns. The authors propose a new model forward, examining case studies ranging from repurposed malls and railways for ecological sustainability to cul-de-sacs as social units and post-industrial factory conversions, ultimately showing the nascent patterns in suburbia that have the potential to support a rich life for all age groups.


The Empty Place

The Empty Place

Author: Teresa Hoskyns

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-07-17

Total Pages: 223

ISBN-13: 1317916220

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In The Empty Place: Democracy and Public Space Teresa Hoskyns explores the relationship of public space to democracy by relating different theories of democracy in political philosophy to spatial theory and spatial and political practice. Establishing the theoretical basis for the study of public space, Hoskyns examines the rise of representative democracy and investigates contemporary theories for the future of democracy, focusing on the Chantal Mouffe's agonistic model and the civil society model of Jürgen Habermas. She argues that these models of participatory democracy can co-exist and are necessarily spatial. The book then provides diverse perspectives on how the role of physical public space is articulated through three modes of participatory spatial practice. The first focuses on issues of participation in architectural practice through a set of projects exploring the ‘open spaces’ of a postwar housing estate in Euston. The second examines the role of space in the construction of democratic identity through a feminist architecture/art collective, producing space through writing, performance and events. The third explores participatory political democratic practice through social forums at global, European and city levels. Hoskyns concludes that participatory democracy requires a conception of public space as the empty place, allowing different models and practices of democracy to co-exist.


Book Synopsis The Empty Place by : Teresa Hoskyns

Download or read book The Empty Place written by Teresa Hoskyns and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Empty Place: Democracy and Public Space Teresa Hoskyns explores the relationship of public space to democracy by relating different theories of democracy in political philosophy to spatial theory and spatial and political practice. Establishing the theoretical basis for the study of public space, Hoskyns examines the rise of representative democracy and investigates contemporary theories for the future of democracy, focusing on the Chantal Mouffe's agonistic model and the civil society model of Jürgen Habermas. She argues that these models of participatory democracy can co-exist and are necessarily spatial. The book then provides diverse perspectives on how the role of physical public space is articulated through three modes of participatory spatial practice. The first focuses on issues of participation in architectural practice through a set of projects exploring the ‘open spaces’ of a postwar housing estate in Euston. The second examines the role of space in the construction of democratic identity through a feminist architecture/art collective, producing space through writing, performance and events. The third explores participatory political democratic practice through social forums at global, European and city levels. Hoskyns concludes that participatory democracy requires a conception of public space as the empty place, allowing different models and practices of democracy to co-exist.