Astrocytes and Epilepsy

Astrocytes and Epilepsy

Author: Jacqueline A. Hubbard

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-07-05

Total Pages: 395

ISBN-13: 0128026243

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Epilepsy is a devastating group of neurological disorders characterized by periodic and unpredictable seizure activity in the brain. There is a critical need for new drugs and approaches given than at least one-third of all epilepsy patients are not made free of seizures by existing medications and become "medically refractory". Much of epilepsy research has focused on neuronal therapeutic targets, but current antiepileptic drugs often cause severe cognitive, developmental, and behavioral side effects. Recent findings indicate a critical contribution of astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells in the brain, to neuronal and network excitability and seizure activity. Furthermore, many important cellular and molecular changes occur in astrocytes in epileptic tissue in both humans and animal models of epilepsy. The goal of Astrocytes and Epilepsy is to comprehensively review exciting findings linking changes in astrocytes to functional changes responsible for epilepsy for the first time in book format. These insights into astrocyte contribution to seizure susceptibility indicate that astrocytes may represent an important new therapeutic target in the control of epilepsy. Astrocytes and Epilepsy includes background explanatory text on astrocyte morphology and physiology, epilepsy models and syndromes, and evidence from both human tissue studies and animal models linking functional changes in astrocytes to epilepsy. Beautifully labelled diagrams are presented and relevant figures from the literature are reproduced to elucidate key findings and concepts in this rapidly emerging field. Astrocytes and Epilepsy is written for neuroscientists, epilepsy researchers, astrocyte investigators as well as neurologists and other specialists caring for patients with epilepsy. Presents the first comprehensive book to synthesize historical and recent research on astrocytes and epilepsy into one coherent volume Provides a great resource on the field of astrocyte biology and astrocyte-neuron interactions Details potential therapeutic targets, including chapters on gap junctions, water and potassium channels, glutamate and adenosine metabolism, and inflammation


Book Synopsis Astrocytes and Epilepsy by : Jacqueline A. Hubbard

Download or read book Astrocytes and Epilepsy written by Jacqueline A. Hubbard and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epilepsy is a devastating group of neurological disorders characterized by periodic and unpredictable seizure activity in the brain. There is a critical need for new drugs and approaches given than at least one-third of all epilepsy patients are not made free of seizures by existing medications and become "medically refractory". Much of epilepsy research has focused on neuronal therapeutic targets, but current antiepileptic drugs often cause severe cognitive, developmental, and behavioral side effects. Recent findings indicate a critical contribution of astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells in the brain, to neuronal and network excitability and seizure activity. Furthermore, many important cellular and molecular changes occur in astrocytes in epileptic tissue in both humans and animal models of epilepsy. The goal of Astrocytes and Epilepsy is to comprehensively review exciting findings linking changes in astrocytes to functional changes responsible for epilepsy for the first time in book format. These insights into astrocyte contribution to seizure susceptibility indicate that astrocytes may represent an important new therapeutic target in the control of epilepsy. Astrocytes and Epilepsy includes background explanatory text on astrocyte morphology and physiology, epilepsy models and syndromes, and evidence from both human tissue studies and animal models linking functional changes in astrocytes to epilepsy. Beautifully labelled diagrams are presented and relevant figures from the literature are reproduced to elucidate key findings and concepts in this rapidly emerging field. Astrocytes and Epilepsy is written for neuroscientists, epilepsy researchers, astrocyte investigators as well as neurologists and other specialists caring for patients with epilepsy. Presents the first comprehensive book to synthesize historical and recent research on astrocytes and epilepsy into one coherent volume Provides a great resource on the field of astrocyte biology and astrocyte-neuron interactions Details potential therapeutic targets, including chapters on gap junctions, water and potassium channels, glutamate and adenosine metabolism, and inflammation


Crucial Role for Astrocytes in Epilepsy

Crucial Role for Astrocytes in Epilepsy

Author: Peter Bedner

Publisher: Biota Publishing

Published: 2015-08-01

Total Pages: 91

ISBN-13: 1615047158

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This book summarizes current evidence of astrocyte dysfunction in epilepsy and discusses presumed underlying mechanisms. Epilepsy is characterized by the periodic occurrence of seizures. Currently available anticonvulsant drugs and therapies are insufficient to controlling seizures in about one third of patients. Thus, there is an urgent need for new therapies that prevent generation of the disorder and improve seizure control in individuals already afflicted. The vast majority of epileptic cases are of idiopathic origin with their underlying mechanisms being unclear. Neurosurgical specimens from patients presenting with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) demonstrate marked reactive gliosis. Since recent studies have implicated astrocytes in important physiological roles in the CNS, such as synchronization of neuronal firing, it is plausible that they may also have a role in seizure generation and/or seizure spread. In support of this view, various membrane channels, receptors, and transporters in astrocytic membranes are altered in the epileptic brain. Excitingly, recent evidence suggests that in the course of the pathogenesis of MTLE, these glial changes alter homeostatic network functions and temporally precede the alterations in neurons. These findings might eventually classify MTLE as a glial rather than a neuronal disorder, and identify astrocytes as promising new targets for the development of more specific antiepileptogenic therapeutic strategies. Although research on astrocytes in epilepsy is still in its infancy, this book clearly demonstrates a critical role of astrocytes in the disturbance of K+ and transmitter homeostasis and its impact on seizure generation.


Book Synopsis Crucial Role for Astrocytes in Epilepsy by : Peter Bedner

Download or read book Crucial Role for Astrocytes in Epilepsy written by Peter Bedner and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-01 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes current evidence of astrocyte dysfunction in epilepsy and discusses presumed underlying mechanisms. Epilepsy is characterized by the periodic occurrence of seizures. Currently available anticonvulsant drugs and therapies are insufficient to controlling seizures in about one third of patients. Thus, there is an urgent need for new therapies that prevent generation of the disorder and improve seizure control in individuals already afflicted. The vast majority of epileptic cases are of idiopathic origin with their underlying mechanisms being unclear. Neurosurgical specimens from patients presenting with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) demonstrate marked reactive gliosis. Since recent studies have implicated astrocytes in important physiological roles in the CNS, such as synchronization of neuronal firing, it is plausible that they may also have a role in seizure generation and/or seizure spread. In support of this view, various membrane channels, receptors, and transporters in astrocytic membranes are altered in the epileptic brain. Excitingly, recent evidence suggests that in the course of the pathogenesis of MTLE, these glial changes alter homeostatic network functions and temporally precede the alterations in neurons. These findings might eventually classify MTLE as a glial rather than a neuronal disorder, and identify astrocytes as promising new targets for the development of more specific antiepileptogenic therapeutic strategies. Although research on astrocytes in epilepsy is still in its infancy, this book clearly demonstrates a critical role of astrocytes in the disturbance of K+ and transmitter homeostasis and its impact on seizure generation.


Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies

Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies

Author: Jeffrey Noebels

Publisher: OUP USA

Published: 2012-06-29

Total Pages: 1258

ISBN-13: 0199746540

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Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.


Book Synopsis Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies by : Jeffrey Noebels

Download or read book Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies written by Jeffrey Noebels and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.


The Causes of Epilepsy

The Causes of Epilepsy

Author: Simon Shorvon

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-05-02

Total Pages: 1013

ISBN-13: 1108420753

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Expanded and revised, this unique book provides concise descriptions of the many causes of epilepsy, for use in clinical practice.


Book Synopsis The Causes of Epilepsy by : Simon Shorvon

Download or read book The Causes of Epilepsy written by Simon Shorvon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-02 with total page 1013 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanded and revised, this unique book provides concise descriptions of the many causes of epilepsy, for use in clinical practice.


Astrocytic Synaptic Plasticity in Epilepsy: From Synapses to Circuits

Astrocytic Synaptic Plasticity in Epilepsy: From Synapses to Circuits

Author: Sandra Henriques Vaz

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2023-10-30

Total Pages: 152

ISBN-13: 2832537367

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Book Synopsis Astrocytic Synaptic Plasticity in Epilepsy: From Synapses to Circuits by : Sandra Henriques Vaz

Download or read book Astrocytic Synaptic Plasticity in Epilepsy: From Synapses to Circuits written by Sandra Henriques Vaz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-30 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


Astrocytes

Astrocytes

Author: Eliana Scemes

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2016-04-19

Total Pages: 425

ISBN-13: 1439825858

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Astrocytes play diverse roles in central nervous system (CNS) function and dysfunction, and the connections that the astrocyte makes with other cells of the brain are essential for a variety of important neural tasks. Bringing together contributions from international experts at the top of their field, Astrocytes: Wiring the Brain emphasizes cellul


Book Synopsis Astrocytes by : Eliana Scemes

Download or read book Astrocytes written by Eliana Scemes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Astrocytes play diverse roles in central nervous system (CNS) function and dysfunction, and the connections that the astrocyte makes with other cells of the brain are essential for a variety of important neural tasks. Bringing together contributions from international experts at the top of their field, Astrocytes: Wiring the Brain emphasizes cellul


Oxford Textbook of Epilepsy and Epileptic Seizures

Oxford Textbook of Epilepsy and Epileptic Seizures

Author: Samden Lhatoo

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2012-12-20

Total Pages: 395

ISBN-13: 0199659044

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Part of the Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology (OTCN) series, this volume covers the scientific basis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy and epileptic seizures, and is complemented by an online edition.


Book Synopsis Oxford Textbook of Epilepsy and Epileptic Seizures by : Samden Lhatoo

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Epilepsy and Epileptic Seizures written by Samden Lhatoo and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-12-20 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology (OTCN) series, this volume covers the scientific basis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy and epileptic seizures, and is complemented by an online edition.


Introduction to Epilepsy

Introduction to Epilepsy

Author: Gonzalo Alarcón

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012-04-26

Total Pages: 641

ISBN-13: 0521691583

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Covers all aspects of epilepsy, from basic mechanisms to diagnosis and management, as well as legal and social considerations.


Book Synopsis Introduction to Epilepsy by : Gonzalo Alarcón

Download or read book Introduction to Epilepsy written by Gonzalo Alarcón and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers all aspects of epilepsy, from basic mechanisms to diagnosis and management, as well as legal and social considerations.


Seizures and Epilepsy

Seizures and Epilepsy

Author: Jerome Engel Jr

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2013-01-31

Total Pages: 737

ISBN-13: 019532854X

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This second edition of 'Seizures and Epilepsy' is completely revised, due to tremendous advances in the understanding of the fundamental neuronal mechanisms underlying epileptic phenomena, as well as current diagnosis and treatment, which have been heavily influenced over the past several decades by seminal neuroscientific developments, particularly the introduction of molecular neurobiology, genetics, and modern neuroimaging. This resource covers a broad range of both basic and clinical epileptology.


Book Synopsis Seizures and Epilepsy by : Jerome Engel Jr

Download or read book Seizures and Epilepsy written by Jerome Engel Jr and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of 'Seizures and Epilepsy' is completely revised, due to tremendous advances in the understanding of the fundamental neuronal mechanisms underlying epileptic phenomena, as well as current diagnosis and treatment, which have been heavily influenced over the past several decades by seminal neuroscientific developments, particularly the introduction of molecular neurobiology, genetics, and modern neuroimaging. This resource covers a broad range of both basic and clinical epileptology.


Inflammation and Epilepsy

Inflammation and Epilepsy

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 294

ISBN-13:

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De activatie van inflammatoire signaleringsroutes en de daaruit volgende afgifte van ontstekingsmoleculen door astrocyten, kan de epileptische activiteit beïnvloeden. Specifieke eiwitsignaleringsroutes in astrocyten, betrokken bij ontsteking, leveren een bijdrage aan epileptische activiteit. Epilepsie is één van de meest voorkomende neurologische aandoeningen (het treft ongeveer één procent van de wereldbevolking). Circa dertig procent van alle epilepsiepatiënten reageert niet op de beschikbare medicijnen. Emanuele Zurolo onderzocht de bijdrage van astrocyten (cellen in het zenuwstelsel) aan epilepsie om meer begrip te krijgen van de verschillende eiwitsignaleringsroutes betrokken bij het ontstaan van deze ziekte.


Book Synopsis Inflammation and Epilepsy by :

Download or read book Inflammation and Epilepsy written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: De activatie van inflammatoire signaleringsroutes en de daaruit volgende afgifte van ontstekingsmoleculen door astrocyten, kan de epileptische activiteit beïnvloeden. Specifieke eiwitsignaleringsroutes in astrocyten, betrokken bij ontsteking, leveren een bijdrage aan epileptische activiteit. Epilepsie is één van de meest voorkomende neurologische aandoeningen (het treft ongeveer één procent van de wereldbevolking). Circa dertig procent van alle epilepsiepatiënten reageert niet op de beschikbare medicijnen. Emanuele Zurolo onderzocht de bijdrage van astrocyten (cellen in het zenuwstelsel) aan epilepsie om meer begrip te krijgen van de verschillende eiwitsignaleringsroutes betrokken bij het ontstaan van deze ziekte.