Bioengineering Aspects in the Design of Gas Exchangers

Bioengineering Aspects in the Design of Gas Exchangers

Author: John N. Maina

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-06-24

Total Pages: 341

ISBN-13: 3642203957

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This book encapsulates over three decades of the author’s work on comparative functional respiratory morphology. It provides insights into the mechanism(s) by which respiratory means and processes originated and advanced to their modern states. Pertinent cross-disciplinary details and facts have been integrated and reexamined in order to arrive at more robust answers to questions regarding the basis of the functional designs of gas exchangers. The utilization of oxygen for energy production is an ancient process, the development and progression of which were underpinned by dynamic events in the biological, physical, and chemical worlds. Many books that have broached the subject of comparative functional respiratory biology have only described the form and function of the ‘end-product,’ the gas exchanger; they have scarcely delved into the factors and the conditions that motivated and steered the development from primeval to modern respiratory means and processes. This book addresses and answers broad questions concerning the critical synthesis of multidisciplinary data, and clarifies previously cryptic aspects of comparative respiratory biology.


Book Synopsis Bioengineering Aspects in the Design of Gas Exchangers by : John N. Maina

Download or read book Bioengineering Aspects in the Design of Gas Exchangers written by John N. Maina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book encapsulates over three decades of the author’s work on comparative functional respiratory morphology. It provides insights into the mechanism(s) by which respiratory means and processes originated and advanced to their modern states. Pertinent cross-disciplinary details and facts have been integrated and reexamined in order to arrive at more robust answers to questions regarding the basis of the functional designs of gas exchangers. The utilization of oxygen for energy production is an ancient process, the development and progression of which were underpinned by dynamic events in the biological, physical, and chemical worlds. Many books that have broached the subject of comparative functional respiratory biology have only described the form and function of the ‘end-product,’ the gas exchanger; they have scarcely delved into the factors and the conditions that motivated and steered the development from primeval to modern respiratory means and processes. This book addresses and answers broad questions concerning the critical synthesis of multidisciplinary data, and clarifies previously cryptic aspects of comparative respiratory biology.

Bioengineering Aspects in the Design of Gas Exchangers

Bioengineering Aspects in the Design of Gas Exchangers

Author: John Maina

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-01-02

Total Pages: 329

ISBN-13: 9783642203961

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This book encapsulates over three decades of the author’s work on comparative functional respiratory morphology. It provides insights into the mechanism(s) by which respiratory means and processes originated and advanced to their modern states. Pertinent cross-disciplinary details and facts have been integrated and reexamined in order to arrive at more robust answers to questions regarding the basis of the functional designs of gas exchangers. The utilization of oxygen for energy production is an ancient process, the development and progression of which were underpinned by dynamic events in the biological, physical, and chemical worlds. Many books that have broached the subject of comparative functional respiratory biology have only described the form and function of the ‘end-product,’ the gas exchanger; they have scarcely delved into the factors and the conditions that motivated and steered the development from primeval to modern respiratory means and processes. This book addresses and answers broad questions concerning the critical synthesis of multidisciplinary data, and clarifies previously cryptic aspects of comparative respiratory biology.


Book Synopsis Bioengineering Aspects in the Design of Gas Exchangers by : John Maina

Download or read book Bioengineering Aspects in the Design of Gas Exchangers written by John Maina and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-01-02 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book encapsulates over three decades of the author’s work on comparative functional respiratory morphology. It provides insights into the mechanism(s) by which respiratory means and processes originated and advanced to their modern states. Pertinent cross-disciplinary details and facts have been integrated and reexamined in order to arrive at more robust answers to questions regarding the basis of the functional designs of gas exchangers. The utilization of oxygen for energy production is an ancient process, the development and progression of which were underpinned by dynamic events in the biological, physical, and chemical worlds. Many books that have broached the subject of comparative functional respiratory biology have only described the form and function of the ‘end-product,’ the gas exchanger; they have scarcely delved into the factors and the conditions that motivated and steered the development from primeval to modern respiratory means and processes. This book addresses and answers broad questions concerning the critical synthesis of multidisciplinary data, and clarifies previously cryptic aspects of comparative respiratory biology.

Fundamental Structural Aspects and Features in the Bioengineering of the Gas Exchangers: Comparative Perspectives

Fundamental Structural Aspects and Features in the Bioengineering of the Gas Exchangers: Comparative Perspectives

Author: J.N. Maina

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 132

ISBN-13: 3642559174

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The history of biology is replete with examples of how comparative biology helped clarify the meaning of structure and function in complex animals. Indeed, without the comparative approach to biology, the birth of physiology would have been delayed. Fishman (1979) Comparative morphologists are challenged to discern the changes that have occurred in evolution and development of the forms and states of organisms as well as to explain the factors that compelled them (e.g. Dullemeijer 1974). The main objective of this contribution is to present what I deem to be some of the fundamental structural aspects in the design of respiratory or gans while debating and speculating on when, how and why these states were founded. My main thesis is that the modern gas exchangers are products of protracted processes that have en tailed adaptation to specific environments and lifestyles. Only those feasible designs that have proven adequately competent in meeting demands for molecular oxygen have been preserved. Unfortunately, August Krogh's (Krogh 1941) and Pierre Dejours' (Dejours 1975) seminal works on the comparative physiology of the respiratory organs have not been paralleled by equally exten sive and detailed morphological work. Our approach has been to look into the limiting functional properties as regards the respi ratory capacities of gas exchangers while finding out the specific structural adaptations that have evolved to meet the metabolic needs or to look into form and to discern how it limits function. This has allowed a deduction of structure-function correlation.


Book Synopsis Fundamental Structural Aspects and Features in the Bioengineering of the Gas Exchangers: Comparative Perspectives by : J.N. Maina

Download or read book Fundamental Structural Aspects and Features in the Bioengineering of the Gas Exchangers: Comparative Perspectives written by J.N. Maina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of biology is replete with examples of how comparative biology helped clarify the meaning of structure and function in complex animals. Indeed, without the comparative approach to biology, the birth of physiology would have been delayed. Fishman (1979) Comparative morphologists are challenged to discern the changes that have occurred in evolution and development of the forms and states of organisms as well as to explain the factors that compelled them (e.g. Dullemeijer 1974). The main objective of this contribution is to present what I deem to be some of the fundamental structural aspects in the design of respiratory or gans while debating and speculating on when, how and why these states were founded. My main thesis is that the modern gas exchangers are products of protracted processes that have en tailed adaptation to specific environments and lifestyles. Only those feasible designs that have proven adequately competent in meeting demands for molecular oxygen have been preserved. Unfortunately, August Krogh's (Krogh 1941) and Pierre Dejours' (Dejours 1975) seminal works on the comparative physiology of the respiratory organs have not been paralleled by equally exten sive and detailed morphological work. Our approach has been to look into the limiting functional properties as regards the respi ratory capacities of gas exchangers while finding out the specific structural adaptations that have evolved to meet the metabolic needs or to look into form and to discern how it limits function. This has allowed a deduction of structure-function correlation.

Current Perspectives on the Functional Design of the Avian Respiratory System

Current Perspectives on the Functional Design of the Avian Respiratory System

Author: John N. Maina

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-09-13

Total Pages: 391

ISBN-13: 3031351800

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Birds have and continue to fascinate scientists and the general public. While the avian respiratory system has unremittingly been investigated for nearly five centuries, important aspects on its biology remain cryptic and controversial. In this book, resolving some of the contentious issues, developmental-, structural- and functional aspects of the avian lung-air sac system are particularized: it endeavors to answer following fundamental questions on the biology of birds: how, when and why did birds become what they are? Flight is a unique form of locomotion. It considerably shaped the form and the essence of birds as animals. An exceptionally efficient respiratory system capacitated birds to procure the exceptionally large quantities of oxygen needed for powered (active) flight. Among the extant air-breathing vertebrates, comprising ~11,000 species, birds are the most species-rich-, numerically abundant- and extensively distributed animal taxon. After realizing volancy, they easily overcame geographical obstacles and extensively dispersed into various ecological niches where they underwent remarkable adaptive radiation. While the external morphology of birds is inconceivably uniform for such a considerably speciose taxon, contingent on among other attributes, lifestyle, habitat and phylogenetic level of development have foremost determined the novelties that are displayed by diverse species of birds. Here, critical synthesizes of the most recent findings with the historical ones, evolution and behavior and development, structure and function of the exceptionally elaborate respiratory system of birds are detailed. The prominence of modern birds as a taxon in the Animal Kingdom is underscored. The book should appeal to researchers who are interested in evolutionary processes and how adaptive specializations correlate with biological physiognomies and exigencies, comparative biologists who focus on how various animals have solved respiratory pressures, people who study respiration in birds and other animals and ornithologists who love and enjoy birds for what they are – profoundly interesting animals.


Book Synopsis Current Perspectives on the Functional Design of the Avian Respiratory System by : John N. Maina

Download or read book Current Perspectives on the Functional Design of the Avian Respiratory System written by John N. Maina and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-13 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Birds have and continue to fascinate scientists and the general public. While the avian respiratory system has unremittingly been investigated for nearly five centuries, important aspects on its biology remain cryptic and controversial. In this book, resolving some of the contentious issues, developmental-, structural- and functional aspects of the avian lung-air sac system are particularized: it endeavors to answer following fundamental questions on the biology of birds: how, when and why did birds become what they are? Flight is a unique form of locomotion. It considerably shaped the form and the essence of birds as animals. An exceptionally efficient respiratory system capacitated birds to procure the exceptionally large quantities of oxygen needed for powered (active) flight. Among the extant air-breathing vertebrates, comprising ~11,000 species, birds are the most species-rich-, numerically abundant- and extensively distributed animal taxon. After realizing volancy, they easily overcame geographical obstacles and extensively dispersed into various ecological niches where they underwent remarkable adaptive radiation. While the external morphology of birds is inconceivably uniform for such a considerably speciose taxon, contingent on among other attributes, lifestyle, habitat and phylogenetic level of development have foremost determined the novelties that are displayed by diverse species of birds. Here, critical synthesizes of the most recent findings with the historical ones, evolution and behavior and development, structure and function of the exceptionally elaborate respiratory system of birds are detailed. The prominence of modern birds as a taxon in the Animal Kingdom is underscored. The book should appeal to researchers who are interested in evolutionary processes and how adaptive specializations correlate with biological physiognomies and exigencies, comparative biologists who focus on how various animals have solved respiratory pressures, people who study respiration in birds and other animals and ornithologists who love and enjoy birds for what they are – profoundly interesting animals.

Fundamental Structural Aspects and Features in the Bioengineering of the Gas Exchangers: Comparative Perspectives

Fundamental Structural Aspects and Features in the Bioengineering of the Gas Exchangers: Comparative Perspectives

Author: J.N. Maina

Publisher: Springer

Published:

Total Pages: 117

ISBN-13: 9783642559181

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The history of biology is replete with examples of how comparative biology helped clarify the meaning of structure and function in complex animals. Indeed, without the comparative approach to biology, the birth of physiology would have been delayed. Fishman (1979) Comparative morphologists are challenged to discern the changes that have occurred in evolution and development of the forms and states of organisms as well as to explain the factors that compelled them (e.g. Dullemeijer 1974). The main objective of this contribution is to present what I deem to be some of the fundamental structural aspects in the design of respiratory or gans while debating and speculating on when, how and why these states were founded. My main thesis is that the modern gas exchangers are products of protracted processes that have en tailed adaptation to specific environments and lifestyles. Only those feasible designs that have proven adequately competent in meeting demands for molecular oxygen have been preserved. Unfortunately, August Krogh's (Krogh 1941) and Pierre Dejours' (Dejours 1975) seminal works on the comparative physiology of the respiratory organs have not been paralleled by equally exten sive and detailed morphological work. Our approach has been to look into the limiting functional properties as regards the respi ratory capacities of gas exchangers while finding out the specific structural adaptations that have evolved to meet the metabolic needs or to look into form and to discern how it limits function. This has allowed a deduction of structure-function correlation.


Book Synopsis Fundamental Structural Aspects and Features in the Bioengineering of the Gas Exchangers: Comparative Perspectives by : J.N. Maina

Download or read book Fundamental Structural Aspects and Features in the Bioengineering of the Gas Exchangers: Comparative Perspectives written by J.N. Maina and published by Springer. This book was released on with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of biology is replete with examples of how comparative biology helped clarify the meaning of structure and function in complex animals. Indeed, without the comparative approach to biology, the birth of physiology would have been delayed. Fishman (1979) Comparative morphologists are challenged to discern the changes that have occurred in evolution and development of the forms and states of organisms as well as to explain the factors that compelled them (e.g. Dullemeijer 1974). The main objective of this contribution is to present what I deem to be some of the fundamental structural aspects in the design of respiratory or gans while debating and speculating on when, how and why these states were founded. My main thesis is that the modern gas exchangers are products of protracted processes that have en tailed adaptation to specific environments and lifestyles. Only those feasible designs that have proven adequately competent in meeting demands for molecular oxygen have been preserved. Unfortunately, August Krogh's (Krogh 1941) and Pierre Dejours' (Dejours 1975) seminal works on the comparative physiology of the respiratory organs have not been paralleled by equally exten sive and detailed morphological work. Our approach has been to look into the limiting functional properties as regards the respi ratory capacities of gas exchangers while finding out the specific structural adaptations that have evolved to meet the metabolic needs or to look into form and to discern how it limits function. This has allowed a deduction of structure-function correlation.

The Vertebrate Blood-Gas Barrier in Health and Disease

The Vertebrate Blood-Gas Barrier in Health and Disease

Author: Andrew N. Makanya

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-08-27

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 3319183923

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This comprehensive volume on the blood-gas barrier (BGB) among vertebrates covers its structure and composition along with aspects of evolution, bioengineering, and morphometry. The book also discusses the embryological development of the BGB, including chronology of events and molecular control in vertebrates; modulation of the barrier function, including cyclic stretch-induced increases in alveolar epithelial permeability; mechanisms of lung vascular/epithelial permeability; transport mechanisms of the BGB, including sodium transport channels; factors affecting trans-barrier traffic of fluids, such as chronic elevation of pulmonary microvascular pressure; stress failure; regulation and repair in acute lung injury; chronic lung disease; and lung transportation. Ten authoritative chapters approach the blood-gas barrier holistically, from basic structure and development to pathology and treatment. Properties of the BGB are discussed in the earlier chapters, followed by prenatal and post-natal development and mechanisms of the healthy BGB. The latter half of the book delves into the pathology of the BGB, analyzing common afflictions and exploring options for treatment, including its alterations during lung transplantation. Intuitively structured and comprehensive, The Vertebrate Blood-Gas Barrier in Health and Disease is ideal for researchers and clinicians interested in pneumology and angiology.


Book Synopsis The Vertebrate Blood-Gas Barrier in Health and Disease by : Andrew N. Makanya

Download or read book The Vertebrate Blood-Gas Barrier in Health and Disease written by Andrew N. Makanya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-27 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume on the blood-gas barrier (BGB) among vertebrates covers its structure and composition along with aspects of evolution, bioengineering, and morphometry. The book also discusses the embryological development of the BGB, including chronology of events and molecular control in vertebrates; modulation of the barrier function, including cyclic stretch-induced increases in alveolar epithelial permeability; mechanisms of lung vascular/epithelial permeability; transport mechanisms of the BGB, including sodium transport channels; factors affecting trans-barrier traffic of fluids, such as chronic elevation of pulmonary microvascular pressure; stress failure; regulation and repair in acute lung injury; chronic lung disease; and lung transportation. Ten authoritative chapters approach the blood-gas barrier holistically, from basic structure and development to pathology and treatment. Properties of the BGB are discussed in the earlier chapters, followed by prenatal and post-natal development and mechanisms of the healthy BGB. The latter half of the book delves into the pathology of the BGB, analyzing common afflictions and exploring options for treatment, including its alterations during lung transplantation. Intuitively structured and comprehensive, The Vertebrate Blood-Gas Barrier in Health and Disease is ideal for researchers and clinicians interested in pneumology and angiology.

The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine

The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine

Author: Martin Brüne

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2019-01-31

Total Pages: 992

ISBN-13: 019250679X

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Medicine is grounded in the natural sciences, among which biology stands out with regard to the understanding of human physiology and conditions that cause dysfunction. Ironically though, evolutionary biology is a relatively disregarded field. One reason for this omission is that evolution is deemed a slow process. Indeed, macroanatomical features of our species have changed very little in the last 300,000 years. A more detailed look, however, reveals that novel ecological contingencies, partly in relation to cultural evolution, have brought about subtle changes pertaining to metabolism and immunology, including adaptations to dietary innovations, as well as adaptations to the exposure to novel pathogens. Rapid pathogen evolution and evolution of cancer cells cause major problems for the immune system to find adequate responses. In addition, many adaptations to past ecologies have turned into risk factors for somatic disease and psychological disorder in our modern worlds (i.e. mismatch), among which epidemics of autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity, as well as several forms of cancer stand out. In addition, depression, anxiety and other psychiatric conditions add to the list. The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine is a compilation of cutting edge insights into the evolutionary history of ourselves as a species, and how and why our evolved design may convey vulnerability to disease. Written in a classic textbook style emphasising physiology and pathophysiology of all major organ systems, the Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine will be valuable for students as well as scholars in the fields of medicine, biology, anthropology and psychology.


Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine by : Martin Brüne

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine written by Martin Brüne and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicine is grounded in the natural sciences, among which biology stands out with regard to the understanding of human physiology and conditions that cause dysfunction. Ironically though, evolutionary biology is a relatively disregarded field. One reason for this omission is that evolution is deemed a slow process. Indeed, macroanatomical features of our species have changed very little in the last 300,000 years. A more detailed look, however, reveals that novel ecological contingencies, partly in relation to cultural evolution, have brought about subtle changes pertaining to metabolism and immunology, including adaptations to dietary innovations, as well as adaptations to the exposure to novel pathogens. Rapid pathogen evolution and evolution of cancer cells cause major problems for the immune system to find adequate responses. In addition, many adaptations to past ecologies have turned into risk factors for somatic disease and psychological disorder in our modern worlds (i.e. mismatch), among which epidemics of autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity, as well as several forms of cancer stand out. In addition, depression, anxiety and other psychiatric conditions add to the list. The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine is a compilation of cutting edge insights into the evolutionary history of ourselves as a species, and how and why our evolved design may convey vulnerability to disease. Written in a classic textbook style emphasising physiology and pathophysiology of all major organ systems, the Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine will be valuable for students as well as scholars in the fields of medicine, biology, anthropology and psychology.

Novel Aspects of PTHrP Physiopathology

Novel Aspects of PTHrP Physiopathology

Author: Claudio Luparello

Publisher: Nova Publishers

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 380

ISBN-13: 9781600218576

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The idea of this book is to attempt to provide an appropriate ground for the discussion of modern PTHrP-related issues, and for the consideration of attentive speculation and comments on current work. It is designed to intersect all the usual lines of disciplines, providing a site for presenting pertinent investigations and for discussing critical questions relevant to the entire field, thus seeking to develop a new focus and new perspectives for all those concerned with PTHrP and its pathobiology.


Book Synopsis Novel Aspects of PTHrP Physiopathology by : Claudio Luparello

Download or read book Novel Aspects of PTHrP Physiopathology written by Claudio Luparello and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of this book is to attempt to provide an appropriate ground for the discussion of modern PTHrP-related issues, and for the consideration of attentive speculation and comments on current work. It is designed to intersect all the usual lines of disciplines, providing a site for presenting pertinent investigations and for discussing critical questions relevant to the entire field, thus seeking to develop a new focus and new perspectives for all those concerned with PTHrP and its pathobiology.

Biomedical Engineering Handbook 2

Biomedical Engineering Handbook 2

Author: Joseph D. Bronzino

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2000-02-15

Total Pages: 1528

ISBN-13: 9783540668084

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Book Synopsis Biomedical Engineering Handbook 2 by : Joseph D. Bronzino

Download or read book Biomedical Engineering Handbook 2 written by Joseph D. Bronzino and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-02-15 with total page 1528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Genetics Architecture and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms in Host-Pathogen Interactions

Genetics Architecture and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms in Host-Pathogen Interactions

Author: Dong Xia

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2021-10-04

Total Pages: 259

ISBN-13: 2889714608

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Book Synopsis Genetics Architecture and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms in Host-Pathogen Interactions by : Dong Xia

Download or read book Genetics Architecture and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms in Host-Pathogen Interactions written by Dong Xia and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-10-04 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: