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There is not much question that plants are sensitive to air pollution, nor is there doubt that air pollution is affecting forests and agriculture worldwide. In this book, specific criteria and evaluated approaches to diagnose the effects of air pollution on trees and forests are examined.
Book Synopsis Biologic Markers of Air-Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests by : National Research Council
Download or read book Biologic Markers of Air-Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is not much question that plants are sensitive to air pollution, nor is there doubt that air pollution is affecting forests and agriculture worldwide. In this book, specific criteria and evaluated approaches to diagnose the effects of air pollution on trees and forests are examined.
Book Synopsis Biologic Markers of Air-Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests by : National Research Council, Committee on Biological Markers of Air Pollution Damage in Trees
Download or read book Biologic Markers of Air-Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests written by National Research Council, Committee on Biological Markers of Air Pollution Damage in Trees and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The Committee's Report; Air-Pollutant Distribution and Trends; Elevational Gradients/Local Chemistry; Large-Scale Monitoring; Use of Biomarkers to Monitor Forest Damage in Europe; Bioindicators in Air Pollution Research, Applications and Constraints; New and Emerging Technologies; Decline of Red Spruce in the Northern Appalachians, Determining if Air Pollution is an Important Factor; Forest Applications of Biomarkers in Southeastern Forests; Biomarkers for Defining Air Pollution Effects in Western Coniferous Forests; Symptoms as Bioindicators of Decline in European Forests; Resource Allocation in Trees and Ecosystems; Markers of Air Pollution in Forests, Nutrient Cycling; Human Perturbation of C, N, and S Biogeochemical Cycles, Historical Studies with Stable Isotopes; Tree-Ring Analysis as an Aid to Evaluating the Effects of Air Pollution on Tree Growth; Evaluation of Root-Growth and Functioning of Trees Exposed to Air Pollutants; The Use of Remote Sensing for the Study of Air Pollution Effects in Forests; Indigenous and Cultivated Plants as Bioindicators; Experiments and Observations on Epiphytic Lichens as Early Warning Sentinels of Forest Decline; Fungal and Bacterial Symbioses as Potential Biological Markers of Effects of Atmospheric Deposition on Forest Health; Microbial and Rhizosphere Markers of Air Pollution Induced Stress; Foliar Nitrate Reductase, a Marker for Assimilation of Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxides; Free-Radical Mediated Processes as Markers of Air Pollution Stress in Trees; Biochemical Indicators of Air Pollution Effects in Trees, Unambiguous Signals Based on Secondary Metabolites and Nitrogen in Fast Growing Species; Metals in Roots, Stem, and Foliage of Forest Trees; The Potential of Trees to Record Aluminum Mobilization and Changes in Alkaline Earth Availability; Carbon Allocation Processes as Indicators of Pollutant Impacts on Forest Trees; Photosynthesis and Transpiration Measurements as Biomarkers of Air Pollution Effects on Forests; Nutrient-Use Efficiency as an Indicator of Stress Effects in Forest Trees; Leaf Cuticles as Potential Markers of Air Pollutant Exposure in Trees; Air Pollutant-Low Temperature Interactions in Trees; Alteration of Chlorophyll in Plants upon Air Pollutant Exposure; Co-occurring Stress, Drought.
Book Synopsis Biologic Markers of Air Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests by : RB. Husar
Download or read book Biologic Markers of Air Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests written by RB. Husar and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Committee's Report; Air-Pollutant Distribution and Trends; Elevational Gradients/Local Chemistry; Large-Scale Monitoring; Use of Biomarkers to Monitor Forest Damage in Europe; Bioindicators in Air Pollution Research, Applications and Constraints; New and Emerging Technologies; Decline of Red Spruce in the Northern Appalachians, Determining if Air Pollution is an Important Factor; Forest Applications of Biomarkers in Southeastern Forests; Biomarkers for Defining Air Pollution Effects in Western Coniferous Forests; Symptoms as Bioindicators of Decline in European Forests; Resource Allocation in Trees and Ecosystems; Markers of Air Pollution in Forests, Nutrient Cycling; Human Perturbation of C, N, and S Biogeochemical Cycles, Historical Studies with Stable Isotopes; Tree-Ring Analysis as an Aid to Evaluating the Effects of Air Pollution on Tree Growth; Evaluation of Root-Growth and Functioning of Trees Exposed to Air Pollutants; The Use of Remote Sensing for the Study of Air Pollution Effects in Forests; Indigenous and Cultivated Plants as Bioindicators; Experiments and Observations on Epiphytic Lichens as Early Warning Sentinels of Forest Decline; Fungal and Bacterial Symbioses as Potential Biological Markers of Effects of Atmospheric Deposition on Forest Health; Microbial and Rhizosphere Markers of Air Pollution Induced Stress; Foliar Nitrate Reductase, a Marker for Assimilation of Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxides; Free-Radical Mediated Processes as Markers of Air Pollution Stress in Trees; Biochemical Indicators of Air Pollution Effects in Trees, Unambiguous Signals Based on Secondary Metabolites and Nitrogen in Fast Growing Species; Metals in Roots, Stem, and Foliage of Forest Trees; The Potential of Trees to Record Aluminum Mobilization and Changes in Alkaline Earth Availability; Carbon Allocation Processes as Indicators of Pollutant Impacts on Forest Trees; Photosynthesis and Transpiration Measurements as Biomarkers of Air Pollution Effects on Forests; Nutrient-Use Efficiency as an Indicator of Stress Effects in Forest Trees; Leaf Cuticles as Potential Markers of Air Pollutant Exposure in Trees; Air Pollutant-Low Temperature Interactions in Trees; Alteration of Chlorophyll in Plants upon Air Pollutant Exposure; Co-occurring Stress, Drought.
The Committee's Report; Air-Pollutant Distribution and Trends; Elevational Gradients/Local Chemistry; Large-Scale Monitoring; Use of Biomarkers to Monitor Forest Damage in Europe; Bioindicators in Air Pollution Research, Applications and Constraints; New and Emerging Technologies; Decline of Red Spruce in the Northern Appalachians, Determining if Air Pollution is an Important Factor; Forest Applications of Biomarkers in Southeastern Forests; Biomarkers for Defining Air Pollution Effects in Western Coniferous Forests; Symptoms as Bioindicators of Decline in European Forests; Resource Allocation in Trees and Ecosystems; Markers of Air Pollution in Forests, Nutrient Cycling; Human Perturbation of C, N, and S Biogeochemical Cycles, Historical Studies with Stable Isotopes; Tree-Ring Analysis as an Aid to Evaluating the Effects of Air Pollution on Tree Growth; Evaluation of Root-Growth and Functioning of Trees Exposed to Air Pollutants; The Use of Remote Sensing for the Study of Air Pollution Effects in Forests; Indigenous and Cultivated Plants as Bioindicators; Experiments and Observations on Epiphytic Lichens as Early Warning Sentinels of Forest Decline; Fungal and Bacterial Symbioses as Potential Biological Markers of Effects of Atmospheric Deposition on Forest Health; Microbial and Rhizosphere Markers of Air Pollution Induced Stress; Foliar Nitrate Reductase, a Marker for Assimilation of Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxides; Free-Radical Mediated Processes as Markers of Air Pollution Stress in Trees; Biochemical Indicators of Air Pollution Effects in Trees, Unambiguous Signals Based on Secondary Metabolites and Nitrogen in Fast Growing Species; Metals in Roots, Stem, and Foliage of Forest Trees; The Potential of Trees to Record Aluminum Mobilization and Changes in Alkaline Earth Availability; Carbon Allocation Processes as Indicators of Pollutant Impacts on Forest Trees; Photosynthesis and Transpiration Measurements as Biomarkers of Air Pollution Effects on Forests; Nutrient-Use Efficiency as an Indicator of Stress Effects in Forest Trees; Leaf Cuticles as Potential Markers of Air Pollutant Exposure in Trees; Air Pollutant-Low Temperature Interactions in Trees; Alteration of Chlorophyll in Plants upon Air Pollutant Exposure; Co-occurring Stress, Drought.
Book Synopsis Biologic Markers of Air Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests by : RB. Husar
Download or read book Biologic Markers of Air Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests written by RB. Husar and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Committee's Report; Air-Pollutant Distribution and Trends; Elevational Gradients/Local Chemistry; Large-Scale Monitoring; Use of Biomarkers to Monitor Forest Damage in Europe; Bioindicators in Air Pollution Research, Applications and Constraints; New and Emerging Technologies; Decline of Red Spruce in the Northern Appalachians, Determining if Air Pollution is an Important Factor; Forest Applications of Biomarkers in Southeastern Forests; Biomarkers for Defining Air Pollution Effects in Western Coniferous Forests; Symptoms as Bioindicators of Decline in European Forests; Resource Allocation in Trees and Ecosystems; Markers of Air Pollution in Forests, Nutrient Cycling; Human Perturbation of C, N, and S Biogeochemical Cycles, Historical Studies with Stable Isotopes; Tree-Ring Analysis as an Aid to Evaluating the Effects of Air Pollution on Tree Growth; Evaluation of Root-Growth and Functioning of Trees Exposed to Air Pollutants; The Use of Remote Sensing for the Study of Air Pollution Effects in Forests; Indigenous and Cultivated Plants as Bioindicators; Experiments and Observations on Epiphytic Lichens as Early Warning Sentinels of Forest Decline; Fungal and Bacterial Symbioses as Potential Biological Markers of Effects of Atmospheric Deposition on Forest Health; Microbial and Rhizosphere Markers of Air Pollution Induced Stress; Foliar Nitrate Reductase, a Marker for Assimilation of Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxides; Free-Radical Mediated Processes as Markers of Air Pollution Stress in Trees; Biochemical Indicators of Air Pollution Effects in Trees, Unambiguous Signals Based on Secondary Metabolites and Nitrogen in Fast Growing Species; Metals in Roots, Stem, and Foliage of Forest Trees; The Potential of Trees to Record Aluminum Mobilization and Changes in Alkaline Earth Availability; Carbon Allocation Processes as Indicators of Pollutant Impacts on Forest Trees; Photosynthesis and Transpiration Measurements as Biomarkers of Air Pollution Effects on Forests; Nutrient-Use Efficiency as an Indicator of Stress Effects in Forest Trees; Leaf Cuticles as Potential Markers of Air Pollutant Exposure in Trees; Air Pollutant-Low Temperature Interactions in Trees; Alteration of Chlorophyll in Plants upon Air Pollutant Exposure; Co-occurring Stress, Drought.
Air pollutants such as O3, NOx, SO2, and H2O2 are powerful oxidants that can generate extremely reactive oxygen free radicals that may cause enzyme breakdown, membrane damage, and DNA alterations, all resulting in reduced growth. In this study, specific gas exchange measurements were used diagnostically as indicators of stress and as a means of separating stomatal from biochemical effects on photosynthesis. Similarly, biochemical antioxidants and oxidant stress indicators were hypothesized to be useful as early biomarkers of oxidant stress in trees.
Book Synopsis Use of Physiological and Biochemical Markers for Assessing Air Pollution Stress in Trees by : RT. Di Giulio
Download or read book Use of Physiological and Biochemical Markers for Assessing Air Pollution Stress in Trees written by RT. Di Giulio and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollutants such as O3, NOx, SO2, and H2O2 are powerful oxidants that can generate extremely reactive oxygen free radicals that may cause enzyme breakdown, membrane damage, and DNA alterations, all resulting in reduced growth. In this study, specific gas exchange measurements were used diagnostically as indicators of stress and as a means of separating stomatal from biochemical effects on photosynthesis. Similarly, biochemical antioxidants and oxidant stress indicators were hypothesized to be useful as early biomarkers of oxidant stress in trees.
Human activities influence the chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere; examples are increases in troposphere concentrations of ozone, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, heavy metals and UV-B radiation. Many of these changes can alter the physiological status of terrestrial vegetation through either inhibition or enhancement of growth and reproduction, thereby influencing the ability of sensitive plants to compete for limited resources. As a result, air pollution stress may be changing the genetic structure of plant populations. In this book, leading researchers with a broad, interdisciplinary range of expertise discuss the known and measurable effects of pollution on terrestrial vegetation within the framework of ecological genetics, as well as suitable experimental methodologies to analyze the often novel or unusual effects of such environmental stresses. For environmental researchers and managers, Ecological Genetics and Air Pollution will be a welcomed introduction to this field of growing importance for long-term ecological studies.
Book Synopsis Ecological Genetics and Air Pollution by : George E. Jr. Taylor
Download or read book Ecological Genetics and Air Pollution written by George E. Jr. Taylor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human activities influence the chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere; examples are increases in troposphere concentrations of ozone, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, heavy metals and UV-B radiation. Many of these changes can alter the physiological status of terrestrial vegetation through either inhibition or enhancement of growth and reproduction, thereby influencing the ability of sensitive plants to compete for limited resources. As a result, air pollution stress may be changing the genetic structure of plant populations. In this book, leading researchers with a broad, interdisciplinary range of expertise discuss the known and measurable effects of pollution on terrestrial vegetation within the framework of ecological genetics, as well as suitable experimental methodologies to analyze the often novel or unusual effects of such environmental stresses. For environmental researchers and managers, Ecological Genetics and Air Pollution will be a welcomed introduction to this field of growing importance for long-term ecological studies.
John Sculley In the short history of personal computing, the task of the software programmer has been one of the least recognized-but one of the most significant-in the industry. In addition to defining the prob lems, and presenting the solutions, the software programmer is con fronted with the challenge of having to predict what combination of ideas and technologies will move the industry forward in the most compelling way. Even though we've seen the development of tremendous applications in a surprisingly short period of time, the most difficult problems often surface when we try to elevate a suc cessful local idea to the international arena. In the case of Apple Computer, these challenges become especially profound when you consider that Apple sells Macintosh not just in the United States, but in Japan, China, the Middle East, Africa, East ern Europe, and even to the United Nations itself. Of course, this means that the personal computer must work everywhere around the world. But more significantly, it also means that the software must reflect the uniqueness of a given culture, its language, morals, and even its sense of humor. To step away from a narrowly-defined, nationally-based paradigm for software development, programmers, management, and entire corporations must learn to recognize what elements of an interface, problem solving technique, documentation illustration, package de sign, and advertisement are local, and which elements are appro priate for global markets.
Book Synopsis The Response of Western Forests to Air Pollution by : Richard K. Olson
Download or read book The Response of Western Forests to Air Pollution written by Richard K. Olson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-21 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Sculley In the short history of personal computing, the task of the software programmer has been one of the least recognized-but one of the most significant-in the industry. In addition to defining the prob lems, and presenting the solutions, the software programmer is con fronted with the challenge of having to predict what combination of ideas and technologies will move the industry forward in the most compelling way. Even though we've seen the development of tremendous applications in a surprisingly short period of time, the most difficult problems often surface when we try to elevate a suc cessful local idea to the international arena. In the case of Apple Computer, these challenges become especially profound when you consider that Apple sells Macintosh not just in the United States, but in Japan, China, the Middle East, Africa, East ern Europe, and even to the United Nations itself. Of course, this means that the personal computer must work everywhere around the world. But more significantly, it also means that the software must reflect the uniqueness of a given culture, its language, morals, and even its sense of humor. To step away from a narrowly-defined, nationally-based paradigm for software development, programmers, management, and entire corporations must learn to recognize what elements of an interface, problem solving technique, documentation illustration, package de sign, and advertisement are local, and which elements are appro priate for global markets.
The public's attitude toward air pollution in the United States evolved substantially during the 1960s. One of the results of the nation's emerging environmental ethic was the creation of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in December of 1970. Prior to this time, research was focused on the impacts of air pollution on human health and welfare and was largely conducted by several federal research agencies, which included the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; and the U. S. Department of Agricul ture. After the creation of the EPA, much of this work was consolidated in one regulatory agency, which resulted in periodic evaluations of the various effects of atmospheric pollution on human health, materials, agriculture, and forest ecosystems. At the same time that environmental interest was growing in the United States, concern increased in the European scientific community and public over the ecological impacts of acidic deposition. As the magnitude of the damage to European lakes and streams and the widespread decline in Norway spruce and silver fir was reported, concern that similar problems were occurring in the United States increased substantially. This concern was heightened by press reports of high elevation spruce-fir forest declines in the Adirondack and Appalachian Mountains and the decline and death of sugar maples in the northeastern United States and Canada.
Book Synopsis Impact of Air Pollutants on Southern Pine Forests by : Susan Fox
Download or read book Impact of Air Pollutants on Southern Pine Forests written by Susan Fox and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public's attitude toward air pollution in the United States evolved substantially during the 1960s. One of the results of the nation's emerging environmental ethic was the creation of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in December of 1970. Prior to this time, research was focused on the impacts of air pollution on human health and welfare and was largely conducted by several federal research agencies, which included the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; and the U. S. Department of Agricul ture. After the creation of the EPA, much of this work was consolidated in one regulatory agency, which resulted in periodic evaluations of the various effects of atmospheric pollution on human health, materials, agriculture, and forest ecosystems. At the same time that environmental interest was growing in the United States, concern increased in the European scientific community and public over the ecological impacts of acidic deposition. As the magnitude of the damage to European lakes and streams and the widespread decline in Norway spruce and silver fir was reported, concern that similar problems were occurring in the United States increased substantially. This concern was heightened by press reports of high elevation spruce-fir forest declines in the Adirondack and Appalachian Mountains and the decline and death of sugar maples in the northeastern United States and Canada.
Fundamentals of Air Pollution is an important and widely used textbook in the environmental science and engineering community. Written shortly after the passage of the seminal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the third edition was quite timely. Surprisingly, the text has remained relevant for university professors, engineers, scientists, policy makers and students up to recent years. However, in light of the transition in the last five years from predominantly technology-based standards (maximum achievable control technologies or MACTs) to risk-based regulations and air quality standards, the text must be updated significantly. The fourth edition will be updated to include numerous MACTs which were not foreseen during the writing of the third edition, such as secondary lead (Pb) smelting, petroleum refining, aerospace manufacturing, marine vessel loading, ship building, printing and publishing, elastomer production, offsite waste operations, and polyethylene terephthalate polymer and styrene-based thermoplastic polymers production. * Focuses on the process of risk assessment, management and communication, the key to the study of air pollution. * Provides the latest information on the technological breakthroughs in environmental engineering since last edition * Updated information on computational and diagnostic and operational tools that have emerged in recent years.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Air Pollution by : Daniel Vallero
Download or read book Fundamentals of Air Pollution written by Daniel Vallero and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-10-01 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Air Pollution is an important and widely used textbook in the environmental science and engineering community. Written shortly after the passage of the seminal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the third edition was quite timely. Surprisingly, the text has remained relevant for university professors, engineers, scientists, policy makers and students up to recent years. However, in light of the transition in the last five years from predominantly technology-based standards (maximum achievable control technologies or MACTs) to risk-based regulations and air quality standards, the text must be updated significantly. The fourth edition will be updated to include numerous MACTs which were not foreseen during the writing of the third edition, such as secondary lead (Pb) smelting, petroleum refining, aerospace manufacturing, marine vessel loading, ship building, printing and publishing, elastomer production, offsite waste operations, and polyethylene terephthalate polymer and styrene-based thermoplastic polymers production. * Focuses on the process of risk assessment, management and communication, the key to the study of air pollution. * Provides the latest information on the technological breakthroughs in environmental engineering since last edition * Updated information on computational and diagnostic and operational tools that have emerged in recent years.
A comprehensive, up-to-date review of lichens as biomonitors of air pollution (bioindication, metal and radionuclide accumulation, biomarkers), and as monitors of environmental change (including global climate change and biodiversity loss) in a wide array of terrestrial habitats. Several methods for using lichens as biomonitors are described in a special section of the book.
Book Synopsis Monitoring with Lichens - Monitoring Lichens by : Pier Luigi Nimis
Download or read book Monitoring with Lichens - Monitoring Lichens written by Pier Luigi Nimis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, up-to-date review of lichens as biomonitors of air pollution (bioindication, metal and radionuclide accumulation, biomarkers), and as monitors of environmental change (including global climate change and biodiversity loss) in a wide array of terrestrial habitats. Several methods for using lichens as biomonitors are described in a special section of the book.
