Download Biomarkers In The Tumor Microenvironment With Impact On Treatment Response And Survival In Head And Neck Cancer full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Biomarkers In The Tumor Microenvironment With Impact On Treatment Response And Survival In Head And Neck Cancer ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Biomarkers in the Tumor Microenvironment with Impact on Treatment Response and Survival in Head and Neck Cancer by : Nataša Matić
Download or read book Biomarkers in the Tumor Microenvironment with Impact on Treatment Response and Survival in Head and Neck Cancer written by Nataša Matić and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biomarkers in the Tumor Microenvironment with Impact on Treatment Response and Survival in Head and Neck Cancer by : Nataša Matić
Download or read book Biomarkers in the Tumor Microenvironment with Impact on Treatment Response and Survival in Head and Neck Cancer written by Nataša Matić and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Therapeutic Opportunities and Innovative Biomarkers in Tumor Microenvironment by : Zhenyu Jia
Download or read book Therapeutic Opportunities and Innovative Biomarkers in Tumor Microenvironment written by Zhenyu Jia and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-19 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This book reviews different aspects of the cancer microenvironment, and its regulation and importance for tumor progression. Practical applications, in terms of how biomarkers are increasingly included in therapy protocols, will also be discussed. Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment: Basic Studies and Practical Applications is aimed at research pathologists in the cancer field, and also cancer researchers from other backgrounds, especially those using morphology techniques and models focusing on cross-talk between different cell types in tumors.
Book Synopsis Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment by : Lars A. Akslen
Download or read book Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment written by Lars A. Akslen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-02 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews different aspects of the cancer microenvironment, and its regulation and importance for tumor progression. Practical applications, in terms of how biomarkers are increasingly included in therapy protocols, will also be discussed. Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment: Basic Studies and Practical Applications is aimed at research pathologists in the cancer field, and also cancer researchers from other backgrounds, especially those using morphology techniques and models focusing on cross-talk between different cell types in tumors.
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a collective name for heterogeneous tumors located in the head and neck regions for which smoking, alcohol and human papillomavirus (HPV) are documented risk factors. The survival of HNC patients has only improved marginally during the last decade. The most important prognostic factors are tumor size, local spread and distant metastases, tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging. Prognostic biomarkers are needed as a complement to TNM staging. The aim for this thesis was to investigate rapid and low cost blood based biomarkers which could indicate the risk of HNC, recurrence of the disease or the survival of HNC patients. Furthermore, the aim was to examine how cigarette smoking influences the levels of biomarkers. In paper I, a possible role of plasma cytokines or proteins associated with immune response or inflammation, as biomarkers for the survival of HNC patients was investigated. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were detected in plasma of the patients compared with the levels in the controls. The elevated levels of these two biomarkers detected in patients were associated with decreased survival. In paper II, the influence of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in 41 genes associated with cell cycle progression, cell death, DNA repair or immune response on cancer risk, tumor recurrence and survival in HNC patients were investigated. SNPs in immune response genes were associated with risk for HNC, an elevated risk for recurrence and a decreased survival in HNC patients. In paper III, the influence of cigarette smoking on levels of inflammatory cells, proteins or cytokines/chemokines, microRNAs (miRNAs) and SNPs was analysed in healthy smokers and non-smokers. Higher levels of total white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CRP, monocyte chemoattractant protein- 1 (MCP-1) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were detected in smokers compared to non-smokers and indicate an inflammatory response. Also, a lower level of oncomiRNA miR-21was detected in smokers. This alteration, in combination with the elevated levels of IFN-γ in smokers could be a protective response to cigarette smoke. The higher levels of IFN-γ in smokers compared to non-smokers were however only detected in individuals with SNP rs2069705 genotype AG/GG. This indicates a genetic association of the levels of IFN-γ. In paper IV, the separate effects of cigarette smoking and HNC on inflammatory or immune biomarkers and the impact of high risk human papillomavirus, age and gender were investigated. Comparisons of circulating levels of WBCs and its subpopulations, plasma proteins or cytokines/chemokines between smoking and non-smoking patients, smoking and non-smoking controls and between the patient and control groups were analysed. Smoking had highest impact on elevated levels of WBCs, IFN-γ and MCP-1, and HNC had highest impact on elevated levels of neutrophils, monocytes, NLR, CRP, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta and TNF-α. In conclusion, host immune response associated parameters could be suitable as biomarkers for the risk of HNC, risk of recurrence or in predicting survival of HNC patients. This thesis show that HNC are associated with systemic inflammatory response and upregulated CRP and TNF-α is related to shorter survival in HNC patients. Additionally, SNPs in immune response genes such as rs1800629 in the TNF-α gene indicates a risk for HNC or an elevated risk for recurrence and a decreased survival in HNC patients. These rapid and low cost blood based biomarkers could be used in combination or as a supplement to established biomarkers in the clinic for a more personalized treatment modality. Huvud- och halscancer (HH-cancer) innefattar tumörer belägna i huvud och halsområdet. Tobaksrökning ökar risken dramatiskt för olika sjukdomar. Knappt hälften av rökande patienter dör i de av rökning orsakade sjukdomarna. Cancer är orsaken till en tredjedel av de rökrelaterade dödsfallen av vilka HH-cancer är en. En andel av patienterna med HH-cancer dör på grund av att tumören varit för stor redan vid diagnos eller att tumören har spridit sig till övriga delar av kroppen. Men för många patienter är det mycket oklart vad som bestämmer behandlingsresultatet. Tumörerna är till synes lika och behandlingen standardiserad. Målet med denna doktorsavhandling var att undersöka billiga och lättillgängliga biologiska markörer som kan indikera risk för att drabbas av HH-cancer eller om dessa markörer kan förutspå behandlingsresultat och överlevnad hos de drabbade patienterna. Dessutom undersöktes hur cigarettrökning påverkade nivåerna av markörerna. I studie I, undersöktes om molekyler i blodet (biomarkörer), förknippade med immunförsvaret, kunde förutsäga överlevnaden hos HH-cancerpatienter. I jämförelse med friska individer sågs högre nivåer av molekylerna TNF-α och CRP hos patienterna och dessa förhöjningar var relaterade till förkortad överlevnad hos patienterna. I studie II, var målet att undersöka om variationer i gener, förknippade med immunförsvaret, celldelning, celldöd eller enzymer som reparerar skadat DNA, kunde påverka risk och prognos för HH-cancer. Resultatet visade framför allt att små ärftliga variationer i gener som reglerar immunförsvaret kunde påverkade risk för HH-cancer, risk för återfall i sjukdomen samt överlevnaden hos patienterna. I studie III, jämfördes inflammatoriska och immunförknippade biomarkörer som kunde påverkas av cigarettrökning mellan friska rökare och friska icke-rökare. Rökarna hade en högre inflammatorisk aktivitet med högre nivåer av totalt antal vita blodkroppar och tre av dess olika undergrupper (neutrofiler, monocyter och lymfocyter) samt av biomarköerna CRP, MCP-1 och IFN-γ. De funna lägre nivåerna av den cancerförknippade biomarkören miR-21 och högre nivåer av den förmodat skyddande biomarkören IFN-γ hos rökarna, kan vara ett uttryck för kroppens försvar mot den cancerframkallade cigarettröken. Ärftliga faktorer tycks kunna påverka de högre nivåerna av IFN-γ hos rökarna, eftersom ökningen endast fanns i en grupp individer med viss typ av genetisk uppsättning. Eftersom både rökning och HH-cancer ger upphov till inflammation, undersöktes i studie IV hur dessa var för sig påverkade nivåerna av inflammatoriska biomarkörer. Detta för en bättre förståelse hur immunförsvaret reagerar på rökning och HH-cancer. Jämförelser av inflammatoriska markörer från rökande och icke-rökande patienter, och rökande och ickerökande friska individer genomfördes. Rökning hade störst påverkan på de högre nivåerna av totalt antal vita blodkroppar och signalmolekylerna MCP-1 och IFN-γ. HH-cancer hade störst påverkan på högre nivåerna av neutrofiler, monocyter, kvoten mellan neutrofiler och lymfocyter, CRP, MIP-1b och TNF-α. Uppkomsten av HH-cancer, behandlingsresultat och överlevnad bland patienterna kan antas inte bara bero på tumörens egenskaper, utan även på värdfaktorer hos patienten. Dessa kan vara ärftliga, eller bero på reglering av gener eller tumörens omgivning av t.ex. immunceller och inflammatoriska molekyler och hur dessa samverkar med miljöfaktorer som tobaksrökning. I denna avhandling presenteras biomarkörer som kan bidra med information om risk och prognos för HH-cancer samt hur tobaksrökning påverkar dessa markörer.
Book Synopsis Circulating Biomarkers in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer and the Influence of Cigarette Smoking by : Bengt-Åke Andersson
Download or read book Circulating Biomarkers in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer and the Influence of Cigarette Smoking written by Bengt-Åke Andersson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a collective name for heterogeneous tumors located in the head and neck regions for which smoking, alcohol and human papillomavirus (HPV) are documented risk factors. The survival of HNC patients has only improved marginally during the last decade. The most important prognostic factors are tumor size, local spread and distant metastases, tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging. Prognostic biomarkers are needed as a complement to TNM staging. The aim for this thesis was to investigate rapid and low cost blood based biomarkers which could indicate the risk of HNC, recurrence of the disease or the survival of HNC patients. Furthermore, the aim was to examine how cigarette smoking influences the levels of biomarkers. In paper I, a possible role of plasma cytokines or proteins associated with immune response or inflammation, as biomarkers for the survival of HNC patients was investigated. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were detected in plasma of the patients compared with the levels in the controls. The elevated levels of these two biomarkers detected in patients were associated with decreased survival. In paper II, the influence of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in 41 genes associated with cell cycle progression, cell death, DNA repair or immune response on cancer risk, tumor recurrence and survival in HNC patients were investigated. SNPs in immune response genes were associated with risk for HNC, an elevated risk for recurrence and a decreased survival in HNC patients. In paper III, the influence of cigarette smoking on levels of inflammatory cells, proteins or cytokines/chemokines, microRNAs (miRNAs) and SNPs was analysed in healthy smokers and non-smokers. Higher levels of total white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CRP, monocyte chemoattractant protein- 1 (MCP-1) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were detected in smokers compared to non-smokers and indicate an inflammatory response. Also, a lower level of oncomiRNA miR-21was detected in smokers. This alteration, in combination with the elevated levels of IFN-γ in smokers could be a protective response to cigarette smoke. The higher levels of IFN-γ in smokers compared to non-smokers were however only detected in individuals with SNP rs2069705 genotype AG/GG. This indicates a genetic association of the levels of IFN-γ. In paper IV, the separate effects of cigarette smoking and HNC on inflammatory or immune biomarkers and the impact of high risk human papillomavirus, age and gender were investigated. Comparisons of circulating levels of WBCs and its subpopulations, plasma proteins or cytokines/chemokines between smoking and non-smoking patients, smoking and non-smoking controls and between the patient and control groups were analysed. Smoking had highest impact on elevated levels of WBCs, IFN-γ and MCP-1, and HNC had highest impact on elevated levels of neutrophils, monocytes, NLR, CRP, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta and TNF-α. In conclusion, host immune response associated parameters could be suitable as biomarkers for the risk of HNC, risk of recurrence or in predicting survival of HNC patients. This thesis show that HNC are associated with systemic inflammatory response and upregulated CRP and TNF-α is related to shorter survival in HNC patients. Additionally, SNPs in immune response genes such as rs1800629 in the TNF-α gene indicates a risk for HNC or an elevated risk for recurrence and a decreased survival in HNC patients. These rapid and low cost blood based biomarkers could be used in combination or as a supplement to established biomarkers in the clinic for a more personalized treatment modality. Huvud- och halscancer (HH-cancer) innefattar tumörer belägna i huvud och halsområdet. Tobaksrökning ökar risken dramatiskt för olika sjukdomar. Knappt hälften av rökande patienter dör i de av rökning orsakade sjukdomarna. Cancer är orsaken till en tredjedel av de rökrelaterade dödsfallen av vilka HH-cancer är en. En andel av patienterna med HH-cancer dör på grund av att tumören varit för stor redan vid diagnos eller att tumören har spridit sig till övriga delar av kroppen. Men för många patienter är det mycket oklart vad som bestämmer behandlingsresultatet. Tumörerna är till synes lika och behandlingen standardiserad. Målet med denna doktorsavhandling var att undersöka billiga och lättillgängliga biologiska markörer som kan indikera risk för att drabbas av HH-cancer eller om dessa markörer kan förutspå behandlingsresultat och överlevnad hos de drabbade patienterna. Dessutom undersöktes hur cigarettrökning påverkade nivåerna av markörerna. I studie I, undersöktes om molekyler i blodet (biomarkörer), förknippade med immunförsvaret, kunde förutsäga överlevnaden hos HH-cancerpatienter. I jämförelse med friska individer sågs högre nivåer av molekylerna TNF-α och CRP hos patienterna och dessa förhöjningar var relaterade till förkortad överlevnad hos patienterna. I studie II, var målet att undersöka om variationer i gener, förknippade med immunförsvaret, celldelning, celldöd eller enzymer som reparerar skadat DNA, kunde påverka risk och prognos för HH-cancer. Resultatet visade framför allt att små ärftliga variationer i gener som reglerar immunförsvaret kunde påverkade risk för HH-cancer, risk för återfall i sjukdomen samt överlevnaden hos patienterna. I studie III, jämfördes inflammatoriska och immunförknippade biomarkörer som kunde påverkas av cigarettrökning mellan friska rökare och friska icke-rökare. Rökarna hade en högre inflammatorisk aktivitet med högre nivåer av totalt antal vita blodkroppar och tre av dess olika undergrupper (neutrofiler, monocyter och lymfocyter) samt av biomarköerna CRP, MCP-1 och IFN-γ. De funna lägre nivåerna av den cancerförknippade biomarkören miR-21 och högre nivåer av den förmodat skyddande biomarkören IFN-γ hos rökarna, kan vara ett uttryck för kroppens försvar mot den cancerframkallade cigarettröken. Ärftliga faktorer tycks kunna påverka de högre nivåerna av IFN-γ hos rökarna, eftersom ökningen endast fanns i en grupp individer med viss typ av genetisk uppsättning. Eftersom både rökning och HH-cancer ger upphov till inflammation, undersöktes i studie IV hur dessa var för sig påverkade nivåerna av inflammatoriska biomarkörer. Detta för en bättre förståelse hur immunförsvaret reagerar på rökning och HH-cancer. Jämförelser av inflammatoriska markörer från rökande och icke-rökande patienter, och rökande och ickerökande friska individer genomfördes. Rökning hade störst påverkan på de högre nivåerna av totalt antal vita blodkroppar och signalmolekylerna MCP-1 och IFN-γ. HH-cancer hade störst påverkan på högre nivåerna av neutrofiler, monocyter, kvoten mellan neutrofiler och lymfocyter, CRP, MIP-1b och TNF-α. Uppkomsten av HH-cancer, behandlingsresultat och överlevnad bland patienterna kan antas inte bara bero på tumörens egenskaper, utan även på värdfaktorer hos patienten. Dessa kan vara ärftliga, eller bero på reglering av gener eller tumörens omgivning av t.ex. immunceller och inflammatoriska molekyler och hur dessa samverkar med miljöfaktorer som tobaksrökning. I denna avhandling presenteras biomarkörer som kan bidra med information om risk och prognos för HH-cancer samt hur tobaksrökning påverkar dessa markörer.
This book reviews different aspects of the cancer microenvironment, and its regulation and importance for tumor progression. Methodological advancements and practical applications, in terms of how biomarkers are studied and increasingly included in clinical trials and therapy protocols, are described and discussed. Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment is an educational resource for students and members of the cancer research community as a whole, especially for those using morphology analysis techniques and models focusing on the cross-talk between different cell types in tumors. The textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the microenvironment in various contexts from the perspectives of experienced and accomplished cancer researchers and clinicians.
Book Synopsis Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment by : Lars A. Akslen
Download or read book Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment written by Lars A. Akslen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-12 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews different aspects of the cancer microenvironment, and its regulation and importance for tumor progression. Methodological advancements and practical applications, in terms of how biomarkers are studied and increasingly included in clinical trials and therapy protocols, are described and discussed. Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment is an educational resource for students and members of the cancer research community as a whole, especially for those using morphology analysis techniques and models focusing on the cross-talk between different cell types in tumors. The textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the microenvironment in various contexts from the perspectives of experienced and accomplished cancer researchers and clinicians.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common histological type of cancer in the head and neck region and arises in the epithelial mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. Approximately one and a half million people are living with the diagnosis. Despite efforts in prevention and advances in treatment, the 5-year survival rate still lies around 60%, and recurrences and second primary tumors remain a problem. Moreover, treatment responses vary from patient to patient, highlighting the need for individually tailored treatments. To make this possible, biomarkers predicting treatment outcome are needed to better guide treatment decisions. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the expression of certain proteins and the frequency of certain SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) in tumor biopsies and cell cultures of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), and to explore their potential as biomarkers for treatment outcome. Furthermore, we aimed to study the impact of hypoxia on treatment response, epithelial-tomesenchymal transition (EMT), and induction of cancer stem cells (CSC). In papers I and II, we investigated two proteins, survivin and WRAP53?, using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tumor biopsies from 40 patients categorized as Non-responders or Responders to radiotherapy. High expression of survivin and nuclear expression of WRAP53? were significantly more prevalent in the Responder group. The combination of these two factors correlated strongest to overall survival, but not to a significantly higher extent compared to survivin alone. Moreover, when examined separately, a high percentage of p53-stained cells and the presence of the SNP FGFR4 Gln388Arg correlated to improved overall survival, whereas the SNP XPD Lys751Gln was associated with worse overall survival. The latter three showed no significant correlations to radiotherapy response. In paper III, the two most promising proteins identified in papers I and II were analyzed in a study cohort of 149 tumor biopsies of glottic laryngeal SCC, categorized as T2N0-T3N0. In this patient group, no significant associations between survivin expression and survival could be found. However, expression of cytoplasmic WRAP53? was significantly linked to worse disease-free-survival (DSF) compared to nuclear WRAP53? or negative staining for WRAP53?. Positive expression of p16INK4a was found in 7% of the tumors. The prevalence of p16 INK4a was higher in younger patients (<60) and associated with absence of recurrence and longer DSF. In paper IV, five HNSCC cell lines were cultured in normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions and changes in treatment response, EMT profile, and expression of CSC markers were examined. As expected, hypoxia induced EMT and to a certain extent expression of CSC markers. Silencing of the hypoxia-inducible-factor-1? (HIF-1?) only partly reversed these effects, suggesting that other mechanisms are involved. Whereas most cell lines became more resistant to treatment in hypoxia, one cell line (LK0412) became more sensitive to cetuximab-treatment in hypoxia, an effect that was revoked by depletion of HIF-1?, suggesting a possible sensitizing effect of HIF-1? to cetuximab-treatment. Taken together, WRAP53? appears to be a promising biomarker candidate for treatment outcome in HNSCC, but further evaluation especially on the subcellular localization of WRAP53? is required. Even though the role of survivin in radiotherapy response in glottic SCC seems to be insignificant, it might have a more important role in other HNSCC subsites. As far as the effects of hypoxia, it appears that hypoxia might have a sensitizing effect on cetuximab-treatment in certain cases, which seems to be HIF1-? –dependent. Further studies are required to clarify the importance of this observation.
Book Synopsis The impact of Survivin, WRAP53?, and Hypoxia on treatment response in Head and Neck Cancer by : Katharina Tiefenböck-Hansson
Download or read book The impact of Survivin, WRAP53?, and Hypoxia on treatment response in Head and Neck Cancer written by Katharina Tiefenböck-Hansson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2017-10-23 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common histological type of cancer in the head and neck region and arises in the epithelial mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. Approximately one and a half million people are living with the diagnosis. Despite efforts in prevention and advances in treatment, the 5-year survival rate still lies around 60%, and recurrences and second primary tumors remain a problem. Moreover, treatment responses vary from patient to patient, highlighting the need for individually tailored treatments. To make this possible, biomarkers predicting treatment outcome are needed to better guide treatment decisions. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the expression of certain proteins and the frequency of certain SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) in tumor biopsies and cell cultures of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), and to explore their potential as biomarkers for treatment outcome. Furthermore, we aimed to study the impact of hypoxia on treatment response, epithelial-tomesenchymal transition (EMT), and induction of cancer stem cells (CSC). In papers I and II, we investigated two proteins, survivin and WRAP53?, using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tumor biopsies from 40 patients categorized as Non-responders or Responders to radiotherapy. High expression of survivin and nuclear expression of WRAP53? were significantly more prevalent in the Responder group. The combination of these two factors correlated strongest to overall survival, but not to a significantly higher extent compared to survivin alone. Moreover, when examined separately, a high percentage of p53-stained cells and the presence of the SNP FGFR4 Gln388Arg correlated to improved overall survival, whereas the SNP XPD Lys751Gln was associated with worse overall survival. The latter three showed no significant correlations to radiotherapy response. In paper III, the two most promising proteins identified in papers I and II were analyzed in a study cohort of 149 tumor biopsies of glottic laryngeal SCC, categorized as T2N0-T3N0. In this patient group, no significant associations between survivin expression and survival could be found. However, expression of cytoplasmic WRAP53? was significantly linked to worse disease-free-survival (DSF) compared to nuclear WRAP53? or negative staining for WRAP53?. Positive expression of p16INK4a was found in 7% of the tumors. The prevalence of p16 INK4a was higher in younger patients (<60) and associated with absence of recurrence and longer DSF. In paper IV, five HNSCC cell lines were cultured in normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions and changes in treatment response, EMT profile, and expression of CSC markers were examined. As expected, hypoxia induced EMT and to a certain extent expression of CSC markers. Silencing of the hypoxia-inducible-factor-1? (HIF-1?) only partly reversed these effects, suggesting that other mechanisms are involved. Whereas most cell lines became more resistant to treatment in hypoxia, one cell line (LK0412) became more sensitive to cetuximab-treatment in hypoxia, an effect that was revoked by depletion of HIF-1?, suggesting a possible sensitizing effect of HIF-1? to cetuximab-treatment. Taken together, WRAP53? appears to be a promising biomarker candidate for treatment outcome in HNSCC, but further evaluation especially on the subcellular localization of WRAP53? is required. Even though the role of survivin in radiotherapy response in glottic SCC seems to be insignificant, it might have a more important role in other HNSCC subsites. As far as the effects of hypoxia, it appears that hypoxia might have a sensitizing effect on cetuximab-treatment in certain cases, which seems to be HIF1-? –dependent. Further studies are required to clarify the importance of this observation.
Understanding the immunology of different cancers has led to great advances in developing cancer immunotherapies which are successfully used in generating effective anti-tumour immune responses. Head and neck cancers are no exception and various immunotherapies are now under study for the treatment of this diverse group of diseases. The articles in in this eBook provide a range of topics that highlight some of the latest advances in head and neck cancer immunology and immunotherapy. The authors of these articles provide their unique insight and expertise and suggest future directions for translational clinical research.
Book Synopsis Advances in Head and Neck Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy by : Rasha Abu-Eid
Download or read book Advances in Head and Neck Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy written by Rasha Abu-Eid and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-06-19 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the immunology of different cancers has led to great advances in developing cancer immunotherapies which are successfully used in generating effective anti-tumour immune responses. Head and neck cancers are no exception and various immunotherapies are now under study for the treatment of this diverse group of diseases. The articles in in this eBook provide a range of topics that highlight some of the latest advances in head and neck cancer immunology and immunotherapy. The authors of these articles provide their unique insight and expertise and suggest future directions for translational clinical research.
This second edition provides a comprehensive view of consolidated and innovative concepts, in terms of both diagnosis and treatment. Written by leading international physicians and investigators, this book emphasizes the necessity of combining local and systemic treatments to achieve the objective of yielding higher cure rates and lower toxicities. Heavily updated from the previous edition, it highlights new surgery and radiotherapy techniques, disease awareness, patient quality of life, and comprehensive management. Head-and-neck cancers are a complex clinical entity and their response to treatment is also known to vary markedly in function of host-related factors. Notwithstanding the impressive progresses observed in the field of imaging, head and neck cancers are often diagnosed at a late stage and the presence of locally advanced disease in a significant number of patients implies the use of aggressive treatments in order to both ensure local disease control and reduce distant metastasis risks. In comparison with the first edition, Head and Neck Cancer, Second Edition provides a detailed update of innovative concepts in chemo- and bio-radiation, viral infection impact on tumor growth and response to treatment, and impact of tumor- and host-related factors on treatment outcome.
Book Synopsis Head and Neck Cancer by : Jacques Bernier
Download or read book Head and Neck Cancer written by Jacques Bernier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-22 with total page 877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition provides a comprehensive view of consolidated and innovative concepts, in terms of both diagnosis and treatment. Written by leading international physicians and investigators, this book emphasizes the necessity of combining local and systemic treatments to achieve the objective of yielding higher cure rates and lower toxicities. Heavily updated from the previous edition, it highlights new surgery and radiotherapy techniques, disease awareness, patient quality of life, and comprehensive management. Head-and-neck cancers are a complex clinical entity and their response to treatment is also known to vary markedly in function of host-related factors. Notwithstanding the impressive progresses observed in the field of imaging, head and neck cancers are often diagnosed at a late stage and the presence of locally advanced disease in a significant number of patients implies the use of aggressive treatments in order to both ensure local disease control and reduce distant metastasis risks. In comparison with the first edition, Head and Neck Cancer, Second Edition provides a detailed update of innovative concepts in chemo- and bio-radiation, viral infection impact on tumor growth and response to treatment, and impact of tumor- and host-related factors on treatment outcome.
This Research Topic is the second volume of the “Community Series in Novel Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Cancer Immunotherapy". Please see Volume I here. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of malignancies. Targeting of immune checkpoints cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) has led to improving survival in a subset of patients. Despite their remarkable success, clinical benefit remains limited to only a subset of patients. A significant limitation behind these current treatment modalities is an irregularity in clinical response, which is especially pronounced among checkpoint inhibition. Currently, relevant predictors of cancer immunotherapy response include microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR), expression of PD-L1, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune genomic characteristics, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, none of them have sufficient evidence to be a stratification factor. Moreover, as the combined strategies for effective cancer immunotherapy had been developed in multiple tumors, such as Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy. Therefore, the development of novel biomarkers endowed with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy able to identify which patients may truly benefit from the treatment with cancer immunotherapy would allow to refine the therapeutic selection and to better tailor the treatment strategy. This research topic aims to focus on the advances in the discoveries of novel biomarkers for predicting response to cancer immunotherapy in various tumors. We welcome the submission of original research and review articles that include biomarkers in clinical study and applications, as well as technologies or discoveries in experimental approaches.
Book Synopsis Community Series in Novel Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Cancer Immunotherapy, volume II by :
Download or read book Community Series in Novel Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Cancer Immunotherapy, volume II written by and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-10 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Research Topic is the second volume of the “Community Series in Novel Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Cancer Immunotherapy". Please see Volume I here. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of malignancies. Targeting of immune checkpoints cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) has led to improving survival in a subset of patients. Despite their remarkable success, clinical benefit remains limited to only a subset of patients. A significant limitation behind these current treatment modalities is an irregularity in clinical response, which is especially pronounced among checkpoint inhibition. Currently, relevant predictors of cancer immunotherapy response include microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR), expression of PD-L1, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune genomic characteristics, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, none of them have sufficient evidence to be a stratification factor. Moreover, as the combined strategies for effective cancer immunotherapy had been developed in multiple tumors, such as Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy. Therefore, the development of novel biomarkers endowed with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy able to identify which patients may truly benefit from the treatment with cancer immunotherapy would allow to refine the therapeutic selection and to better tailor the treatment strategy. This research topic aims to focus on the advances in the discoveries of novel biomarkers for predicting response to cancer immunotherapy in various tumors. We welcome the submission of original research and review articles that include biomarkers in clinical study and applications, as well as technologies or discoveries in experimental approaches.