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Compositional Semantics

Author: Pauline I. Jacobson

Publisher: Oxford Textbooks in Linguistic

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 019967714X

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This book provides an introduction to compositional semantics and to the syntax/semantics interface. It is rooted within the tradition of model theoretic semantics, and develops an explicit fragment of both the syntax and semantics of a rich portion of English. Professor Jacobson adopts a Direct Compositionality approach, whereby the syntax builds the expressions while the semantics simultaneously assigns each a model-theoretic interpretation. Alongside this approach, the author also presents a competing view that makes use of an intermediate level, Logical Form. She develops parallel treatments of a variety of phenomena from both points of view with detailed comparisons. The book begins with simple and fundamental concepts and gradually builds a more complex fragment, including analyses of more advanced topics such as focus, negative polarity, and a variety of topics centering on pronouns and binding more generally. Exercises are provided throughout, alongside open-ended questions for students to consider. The exercises are interspersed with the text to promote self-discovery of the fundamentals and their applications. The book provides a rigorous foundation in formal analysis and model theoretic semantics and is suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in linguistics, philosophy of language, and related fields.

Book Synopsis Compositional Semantics by : Pauline I. Jacobson

Download or read book Compositional Semantics written by Pauline I. Jacobson and published by Oxford Textbooks in Linguistic. This book was released on 2014 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to compositional semantics and to the syntax/semantics interface. It is rooted within the tradition of model theoretic semantics, and develops an explicit fragment of both the syntax and semantics of a rich portion of English. Professor Jacobson adopts a Direct Compositionality approach, whereby the syntax builds the expressions while the semantics simultaneously assigns each a model-theoretic interpretation. Alongside this approach, the author also presents a competing view that makes use of an intermediate level, Logical Form. She develops parallel treatments of a variety of phenomena from both points of view with detailed comparisons. The book begins with simple and fundamental concepts and gradually builds a more complex fragment, including analyses of more advanced topics such as focus, negative polarity, and a variety of topics centering on pronouns and binding more generally. Exercises are provided throughout, alongside open-ended questions for students to consider. The exercises are interspersed with the text to promote self-discovery of the fundamentals and their applications. The book provides a rigorous foundation in formal analysis and model theoretic semantics and is suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in linguistics, philosophy of language, and related fields.

Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing

Author: Zhiyuan Liu

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-07-03

Total Pages: 319

ISBN-13: 9811555737

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This open access book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms and applications for natural language processing (NLP). It is divided into three parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, phrases, sentences and documents. Part II then introduces the representation techniques for those objects that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, networks, and cross-modal entries. Lastly, Part III provides open resource tools for representation learning techniques, and discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing.

Book Synopsis Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing by : Zhiyuan Liu

Download or read book Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing written by Zhiyuan Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms and applications for natural language processing (NLP). It is divided into three parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, phrases, sentences and documents. Part II then introduces the representation techniques for those objects that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, networks, and cross-modal entries. Lastly, Part III provides open resource tools for representation learning techniques, and discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing.

Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics

Author: U. Sauerland

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2007-05-10

Total Pages: 295

ISBN-13: 0230210759

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All humans can interpret sentences of their native language quickly and without effort. Working from the perspective of generative grammar, the contributors to this volume investigate three mental mechanisms, widely assumed to underlie this ability: compositional semantics, implicature computation and presupposition computation.

Book Synopsis Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics by : U. Sauerland

Download or read book Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics written by U. Sauerland and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-05-10 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All humans can interpret sentences of their native language quickly and without effort. Working from the perspective of generative grammar, the contributors to this volume investigate three mental mechanisms, widely assumed to underlie this ability: compositional semantics, implicature computation and presupposition computation.

Compositional Semantics

Author: Pauline I. Jacobson

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 0199677158

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This book provides an introduction to compositional semantics and to the syntax/semantics interface. It is rooted within the tradition of model theoretic semantics, and develops an explicit fragment of both the syntax and semantics of a rich portion of English. Professor Jacobson adopts a Direct Compositionality approach, whereby the syntax builds the expressions while the semantics simultaneously assigns each a model-theoretic interpretation. Alongside thisapproach, the author also presents a competing view that makes use of an intermediate level, Logical Form. She develops parallel treatments of a variety of phenomena from both points of view with detailedcomparisons. The book begins with simple and fundamental concepts and gradually builds a more complex fragment, including analyses of more advanced topics such as focus, negative polarity, intensionality, and quantified logic. Exercises are provided throughout, alongside open-ended questions for students to consider. The book provides a rigorous foundation in formal analysis and model theoretic semantics and is suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in linguistics, philosophyof language, and related fields.

Book Synopsis Compositional Semantics by : Pauline I. Jacobson

Download or read book Compositional Semantics written by Pauline I. Jacobson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to compositional semantics and to the syntax/semantics interface. It is rooted within the tradition of model theoretic semantics, and develops an explicit fragment of both the syntax and semantics of a rich portion of English. Professor Jacobson adopts a Direct Compositionality approach, whereby the syntax builds the expressions while the semantics simultaneously assigns each a model-theoretic interpretation. Alongside thisapproach, the author also presents a competing view that makes use of an intermediate level, Logical Form. She develops parallel treatments of a variety of phenomena from both points of view with detailedcomparisons. The book begins with simple and fundamental concepts and gradually builds a more complex fragment, including analyses of more advanced topics such as focus, negative polarity, intensionality, and quantified logic. Exercises are provided throughout, alongside open-ended questions for students to consider. The book provides a rigorous foundation in formal analysis and model theoretic semantics and is suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in linguistics, philosophyof language, and related fields.

A Course in Semantics

Author: Daniel Altshuler

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2019-09-03

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 0262042770

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An introductory text in linguistic semantics, uniquely balancing empirical coverage and formalism with development of intuition and methodology. This introductory textbook in linguistic semantics for undergraduates features a unique balance between empirical coverage and formalism on the one hand and development of intuition and methodology on the other. It will equip students to form intuitions about a set of data, explain how well an analysis of the data accords with their intuitions, and extend the analysis or seek an alternative. No prior knowledge of linguistics is required. After mastering the material, students will be able to tackle some of the most difficult questions in the field even if they have never taken a linguistics course before. After introducing such concepts as truth conditions and compositionality, the book presents a basic symbolic logic with negation, conjunction, and generalized quantifiers, to serve as the basis for translation throughout the book. It then develops a detailed compositional semantics, covering quantification (scope and binding), adverbial modification, relative clauses, event semantics, tense and aspect, as well as pragmatic phenomena, notably deictic pronouns and narrative progression. A Course in Semantics offers a large and diverse set of exercises, interspersed throughout the text; those labeled “Important practice and looking ahead” prepare students for material to come; those labeled “Thinking about ” invite students to think beyond the content of the book.

Book Synopsis A Course in Semantics by : Daniel Altshuler

Download or read book A Course in Semantics written by Daniel Altshuler and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introductory text in linguistic semantics, uniquely balancing empirical coverage and formalism with development of intuition and methodology. This introductory textbook in linguistic semantics for undergraduates features a unique balance between empirical coverage and formalism on the one hand and development of intuition and methodology on the other. It will equip students to form intuitions about a set of data, explain how well an analysis of the data accords with their intuitions, and extend the analysis or seek an alternative. No prior knowledge of linguistics is required. After mastering the material, students will be able to tackle some of the most difficult questions in the field even if they have never taken a linguistics course before. After introducing such concepts as truth conditions and compositionality, the book presents a basic symbolic logic with negation, conjunction, and generalized quantifiers, to serve as the basis for translation throughout the book. It then develops a detailed compositional semantics, covering quantification (scope and binding), adverbial modification, relative clauses, event semantics, tense and aspect, as well as pragmatic phenomena, notably deictic pronouns and narrative progression. A Course in Semantics offers a large and diverse set of exercises, interspersed throughout the text; those labeled “Important practice and looking ahead” prepare students for material to come; those labeled “Thinking about ” invite students to think beyond the content of the book.

Confessions of a Lapsed Neo-Davidsonian

Author: Samuel L. Bayer

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-01-11

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 1136526234

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First Published in 1997. The purpose of this doctoral study was to address the properties of thematic roles in the context of an event semantics. With specific interest in whether it was possible to show that thematic roles were indispensable objects in compositional semantics, and what a syntax/semantics map which incorporated such objects might look like.

Book Synopsis Confessions of a Lapsed Neo-Davidsonian by : Samuel L. Bayer

Download or read book Confessions of a Lapsed Neo-Davidsonian written by Samuel L. Bayer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1997. The purpose of this doctoral study was to address the properties of thematic roles in the context of an event semantics. With specific interest in whether it was possible to show that thematic roles were indispensable objects in compositional semantics, and what a syntax/semantics map which incorporated such objects might look like.

Analyzing meaning

Author: Paul R. Kroeger

Publisher: Language Science Press

Published:

Total Pages: 502

ISBN-13: 3961101361

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This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning in human language, from a linguistic perspective. It covers a fairly broad range of topics, including lexical semantics, compositional semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters are organized into six units: (1) Foundational concepts; (2) Word meanings; (3) Implicature (including indirect speech acts); (4) Compositional semantics; (5) Modals, conditionals, and causation; (6) Tense & aspect. Most of the chapters include exercises which can be used for class discussion and/or homework assignments, and each chapter contains references for additional reading on the topics covered. As the title indicates, this book is truly an INTRODUCTION: it provides a solid foundation which will prepare students to take more advanced and specialized courses in semantics and/or pragmatics. It is also intended as a reference for fieldworkers doing primary research on under-documented languages, to help them write grammatical descriptions that deal carefully and clearly with semantic issues. The approach adopted here is largely descriptive and non-formal (or, in some places, semi-formal), although some basic logical notation is introduced. The book is written at level which should be appropriate for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students. It presupposes some previous coursework in linguistics, but does not presuppose any background in formal logic or set theory.

Book Synopsis Analyzing meaning by : Paul R. Kroeger

Download or read book Analyzing meaning written by Paul R. Kroeger and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning in human language, from a linguistic perspective. It covers a fairly broad range of topics, including lexical semantics, compositional semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters are organized into six units: (1) Foundational concepts; (2) Word meanings; (3) Implicature (including indirect speech acts); (4) Compositional semantics; (5) Modals, conditionals, and causation; (6) Tense & aspect. Most of the chapters include exercises which can be used for class discussion and/or homework assignments, and each chapter contains references for additional reading on the topics covered. As the title indicates, this book is truly an INTRODUCTION: it provides a solid foundation which will prepare students to take more advanced and specialized courses in semantics and/or pragmatics. It is also intended as a reference for fieldworkers doing primary research on under-documented languages, to help them write grammatical descriptions that deal carefully and clearly with semantic issues. The approach adopted here is largely descriptive and non-formal (or, in some places, semi-formal), although some basic logical notation is introduced. The book is written at level which should be appropriate for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students. It presupposes some previous coursework in linguistics, but does not presuppose any background in formal logic or set theory.

An Illustrative Dictionary of Semantics

Author: Mohammad Forouzani

Publisher: Austin Macauley Publishers

Published: 2023-11-10

Total Pages: 1200

ISBN-13: 1685623093

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The significance of “meaning” goes beyond the word-level. Few disciplines, if at all, would do away with the knowledge and principles of semantics in their spoken and written discourse. ILLUDS is an illustrative dictionary of semantics aiming to provide language researchers with the key terms, terminologies, and phrases with even slight or indirect relation to semantics that appear in linguistics coursebooks and reference books. About 150 references have been used to compile this dictionary, one feature among several others that makes this book the first of its kind in content, approach, and scope.

Book Synopsis An Illustrative Dictionary of Semantics by : Mohammad Forouzani

Download or read book An Illustrative Dictionary of Semantics written by Mohammad Forouzani and published by Austin Macauley Publishers. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The significance of “meaning” goes beyond the word-level. Few disciplines, if at all, would do away with the knowledge and principles of semantics in their spoken and written discourse. ILLUDS is an illustrative dictionary of semantics aiming to provide language researchers with the key terms, terminologies, and phrases with even slight or indirect relation to semantics that appear in linguistics coursebooks and reference books. About 150 references have been used to compile this dictionary, one feature among several others that makes this book the first of its kind in content, approach, and scope.

Introduction to Semantics

Author: Thomas Ede Zimmermann

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2013-05-28

Total Pages: 304

ISBN-13: 3110314371

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This textbook helps undergraduate students of language and linguistics taking their first steps in one of the core areas of grammar, introducing them to the basic ideas, insights, and techniques of contemporary semantic theory. Requiring no special background knowledge, the book starts with everyday observations about word meaning and use and then hightlights the role of structure in the analysis of the meanings of phrases and clauses, zooming in on the fascinating and vexing question of how speakers manage to meaningfully communicate with sentences and texts they have never come across before. At the same time, the reader becomes acquainted with the modern, functionalist characterization of linguistic meaning in terms of reference (extension) and information (intension), and learns to apply technical tools from formal logic to analyzing the meaning of complex linguistic expressions as being composed by the meanings of their parts. Each of the nine main chapters contains a variety of exercises for self-study and classroom use, with model solutions in the appendix. Extensive English examples provide ample illustration.

Book Synopsis Introduction to Semantics by : Thomas Ede Zimmermann

Download or read book Introduction to Semantics written by Thomas Ede Zimmermann and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook helps undergraduate students of language and linguistics taking their first steps in one of the core areas of grammar, introducing them to the basic ideas, insights, and techniques of contemporary semantic theory. Requiring no special background knowledge, the book starts with everyday observations about word meaning and use and then hightlights the role of structure in the analysis of the meanings of phrases and clauses, zooming in on the fascinating and vexing question of how speakers manage to meaningfully communicate with sentences and texts they have never come across before. At the same time, the reader becomes acquainted with the modern, functionalist characterization of linguistic meaning in terms of reference (extension) and information (intension), and learns to apply technical tools from formal logic to analyzing the meaning of complex linguistic expressions as being composed by the meanings of their parts. Each of the nine main chapters contains a variety of exercises for self-study and classroom use, with model solutions in the appendix. Extensive English examples provide ample illustration.

Default Semantics

Author: Katarzyna Jaszczolt

Publisher: Oxford Linguistics

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 0199261989

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In this pioneering book Kasia Jaszczolt lays down the foundations of an original theory of meaning in discourse, reveals the cognitive foundations of discourse interpretation, and puts forward a new basis for the analysis of discourse processing. She provides a step-by-step introduction to thetheory and its application, and explains new terms and formalisms as required. Dr Jaszczolt unites the precision of truth-conditional, dynamic approaches with insights from neo-Gricean pragmatics into the role of speaker's intentions in communication. She shows that the compositionality of meaningmay be understood as merger representations combining information from various sources including word meaning and sentence structure, various kinds of default interpretations, and conscious pragmatic inference. Among the applications the author discusses are constructions that pose problems in semantic analysis such as referring expressions, propositional attitude constructions, presupposition, modality, numerals, and sentential connectives. She proposes solutions to cutting edge problems in thesemantics/pragmatics interface - for example, how many levels of meaning should be distinguished; the status of underspecification; how much contextual information should be placed in the representation of the speaker's meaning; whether there are default interpretations; the stage of utteranceinterpretation at which pragmatic inference begins; and whether compositionality is a necessary feature of the theory of meaning and if so how it is to be defined.The book is for students and researchers in semantics, pragmatics, computational linguistics, and philosophy of language at advanced undergraduate level and above.

Book Synopsis Default Semantics by : Katarzyna Jaszczolt

Download or read book Default Semantics written by Katarzyna Jaszczolt and published by Oxford Linguistics. This book was released on 2005 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this pioneering book Kasia Jaszczolt lays down the foundations of an original theory of meaning in discourse, reveals the cognitive foundations of discourse interpretation, and puts forward a new basis for the analysis of discourse processing. She provides a step-by-step introduction to thetheory and its application, and explains new terms and formalisms as required. Dr Jaszczolt unites the precision of truth-conditional, dynamic approaches with insights from neo-Gricean pragmatics into the role of speaker's intentions in communication. She shows that the compositionality of meaningmay be understood as merger representations combining information from various sources including word meaning and sentence structure, various kinds of default interpretations, and conscious pragmatic inference. Among the applications the author discusses are constructions that pose problems in semantic analysis such as referring expressions, propositional attitude constructions, presupposition, modality, numerals, and sentential connectives. She proposes solutions to cutting edge problems in thesemantics/pragmatics interface - for example, how many levels of meaning should be distinguished; the status of underspecification; how much contextual information should be placed in the representation of the speaker's meaning; whether there are default interpretations; the stage of utteranceinterpretation at which pragmatic inference begins; and whether compositionality is a necessary feature of the theory of meaning and if so how it is to be defined.The book is for students and researchers in semantics, pragmatics, computational linguistics, and philosophy of language at advanced undergraduate level and above.