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In order to analyze Brazil's recent accumulation of capital in the light of its continued dependence, Peter Evans focuses on the relationships among multinational corporations, local private entrepreneurs, and state-owned enterprises that have developed in Brazil over the last decade. He argues that while relations among the three kinds of capital continue to be contradictory, a triple alliance has been formed that provides the social structural basis for the pattern of local industrialization that has emerged. The author begins with a review of the theories of imperialism and dependency in the third world. Placing the Brazilian experience of the last twenty years in its historical context, he traces the country's evolution from the period of "classic dependence" at the turn of the century to the current stage of "dependent development." In conclusion, Professor Evans discusses the implications of the Brazilian model for other third world countries. Examining the nature of the triple alliance as it is manifested in such industries as pharmaceuticals, textiles, and petrochemicals, the author reveals the complex differentiation of the groups' roles in industrialization and lays bare the grounds for their collaboration and their conflict. He consequently shows how the differing interests, power, and capabilities of the three groups have combined to produce a system promoting industrialization that benefits the elite partnership but excludes the larger population from the rewards of growth.
Book Synopsis Dependent Development by : Peter B. Evans
Download or read book Dependent Development written by Peter B. Evans and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to analyze Brazil's recent accumulation of capital in the light of its continued dependence, Peter Evans focuses on the relationships among multinational corporations, local private entrepreneurs, and state-owned enterprises that have developed in Brazil over the last decade. He argues that while relations among the three kinds of capital continue to be contradictory, a triple alliance has been formed that provides the social structural basis for the pattern of local industrialization that has emerged. The author begins with a review of the theories of imperialism and dependency in the third world. Placing the Brazilian experience of the last twenty years in its historical context, he traces the country's evolution from the period of "classic dependence" at the turn of the century to the current stage of "dependent development." In conclusion, Professor Evans discusses the implications of the Brazilian model for other third world countries. Examining the nature of the triple alliance as it is manifested in such industries as pharmaceuticals, textiles, and petrochemicals, the author reveals the complex differentiation of the groups' roles in industrialization and lays bare the grounds for their collaboration and their conflict. He consequently shows how the differing interests, power, and capabilities of the three groups have combined to produce a system promoting industrialization that benefits the elite partnership but excludes the larger population from the rewards of growth.
How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Book Synopsis From Neurons to Neighborhoods by : National Research Council
Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Book Synopsis Dependent Accumulation and Underdevelopment by : Andre Gunder Frank
Download or read book Dependent Accumulation and Underdevelopment written by Andre Gunder Frank and published by Springer. This book was released on 1979-02-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This book offers a critical analysis of recent developments in the automotive industry of East-Central Europe (ECE). Economists, industry specialists and national governments have considered the rapid development of the automotive industry in ECE in the past twenty years an unqualified success. This rapid growth has been based on large inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) from Western Europe, North America, Japan and South Korea, and it significantly contributed to GDP growth, created thousands of new jobs, and completely transformed the previously existing automotive industry in the region. This volume offers an analysis that goes beyond uncritical celebratory accounts of this rapid growth. It is based on original, detailed firm-level research conducted by the author in Czechia and Slovakia between 2009 and 2015 that covered assembly firms and the networks of component suppliers. Theoretically and conceptually, the analysis will draw on the global production networks and global value chains perspectives. Drawing on the original empirical data and on additional available information, this volume concentrates on several important questions related to the development of the automotive industry in ECE in the 2000s:• The role of FDI in the rapid development of the automotive industry after 1990 and particularly in the 2000s.• The upgrading of the automotive industry in East-Central Europe through FDI• The position of ECE in the automotive industry research and development (R&D)• The effects of the 2008-2009 economic crisis in the automotive industry of ECE.• The role of state in the rapid development of the automotive industry in ECE in the 1990s and 2000s.• The effects of FDI on domestic firms in the form of linkages between foreign-owned and domestic firms and spillovers from foreign-owned to domestic firms.
Book Synopsis Dependent Growth: Foreign Investment and the Development of the Automotive Industry in East-Central Europe by : Petr Pavlínek
Download or read book Dependent Growth: Foreign Investment and the Development of the Automotive Industry in East-Central Europe written by Petr Pavlínek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a critical analysis of recent developments in the automotive industry of East-Central Europe (ECE). Economists, industry specialists and national governments have considered the rapid development of the automotive industry in ECE in the past twenty years an unqualified success. This rapid growth has been based on large inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) from Western Europe, North America, Japan and South Korea, and it significantly contributed to GDP growth, created thousands of new jobs, and completely transformed the previously existing automotive industry in the region. This volume offers an analysis that goes beyond uncritical celebratory accounts of this rapid growth. It is based on original, detailed firm-level research conducted by the author in Czechia and Slovakia between 2009 and 2015 that covered assembly firms and the networks of component suppliers. Theoretically and conceptually, the analysis will draw on the global production networks and global value chains perspectives. Drawing on the original empirical data and on additional available information, this volume concentrates on several important questions related to the development of the automotive industry in ECE in the 2000s:• The role of FDI in the rapid development of the automotive industry after 1990 and particularly in the 2000s.• The upgrading of the automotive industry in East-Central Europe through FDI• The position of ECE in the automotive industry research and development (R&D)• The effects of the 2008-2009 economic crisis in the automotive industry of ECE.• The role of state in the rapid development of the automotive industry in ECE in the 1990s and 2000s.• The effects of FDI on domestic firms in the form of linkages between foreign-owned and domestic firms and spillovers from foreign-owned to domestic firms.
This book is the first stocktaking of what the decarbonization of the world economy means for fossil fuel†“dependent countries. These countries are the most exposed to the impacts of global climate policies and, at the same time, are often unprepared to manage them. They depend on the export of oil, gas, or coal; the use of carbon-intensive infrastructure (for example, refineries, petrochemicals, and coal power plants); or both. Fossil fuel†“dependent countries face financial, fiscal, and macro-structural risks from the transition of the global economy away from carbon-intensive fuels and the value chains based on them. This book focuses on managing these transition risks and harnessing related opportunities. Diversification and Cooperation in a Decarbonizing World identifies multiple strategies that fossil fuel†“dependent countries can pursue to navigate the turbulent waters of a low-carbon transition. The policy and investment choices to be made in the next decade will determine these countries’ degree of exposure and overall resilience. Abandoning their comfort zones and developing completely new skills and capabilities in a time frame consistent with the Paris Agreement on climate change is a daunting challenge and requires long-term revenue visibility and consistent policy leadership. This book proposes a constructive framework for climate strategies for fossil fuel†“dependent countries based on new approaches to diversification and international climate cooperation. Climate policy leaders share responsibility for creating room for all countries to contribute to the goals of the Paris Agreement, taking into account the specific vulnerabilities and opportunities each country faces.
Book Synopsis Diversification and Cooperation in a Decarbonizing World by : Grzegorz Peszko
Download or read book Diversification and Cooperation in a Decarbonizing World written by Grzegorz Peszko and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first stocktaking of what the decarbonization of the world economy means for fossil fuel†“dependent countries. These countries are the most exposed to the impacts of global climate policies and, at the same time, are often unprepared to manage them. They depend on the export of oil, gas, or coal; the use of carbon-intensive infrastructure (for example, refineries, petrochemicals, and coal power plants); or both. Fossil fuel†“dependent countries face financial, fiscal, and macro-structural risks from the transition of the global economy away from carbon-intensive fuels and the value chains based on them. This book focuses on managing these transition risks and harnessing related opportunities. Diversification and Cooperation in a Decarbonizing World identifies multiple strategies that fossil fuel†“dependent countries can pursue to navigate the turbulent waters of a low-carbon transition. The policy and investment choices to be made in the next decade will determine these countries’ degree of exposure and overall resilience. Abandoning their comfort zones and developing completely new skills and capabilities in a time frame consistent with the Paris Agreement on climate change is a daunting challenge and requires long-term revenue visibility and consistent policy leadership. This book proposes a constructive framework for climate strategies for fossil fuel†“dependent countries based on new approaches to diversification and international climate cooperation. Climate policy leaders share responsibility for creating room for all countries to contribute to the goals of the Paris Agreement, taking into account the specific vulnerabilities and opportunities each country faces.
Book Synopsis Settler Capitalism by : Donald Denoon
Download or read book Settler Capitalism written by Donald Denoon and published by Oxford [Oxfordshire] : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
It's time for America to move beyond zoning, argues city planner M. Nolan Gray in Arbitrary Lines: How Zoning Broke the American City and How to Fix It. With lively explanations, Gray shows why zoning abolition is a necessary--if not sufficient--condition for building more affordable, vibrant, equitable, and sustainable cities. Gray lays the groundwork for this ambitious cause by clearing up common misconceptions about how American cities regulate growth and examining four contemporary critiques of zoning (its role in increasing housing costs, restricting growth in our most productive cities, institutionalizing racial and economic segregation, and mandating sprawl). He sets out some of the efforts currently underway to reform zoning and charts how land-use regulation might work in the post-zoning American city. Arbitrary Lines is an invitation to rethink the rules that will continue to shape American life--where we may live or work, who we may encounter, how we may travel. If the task seems daunting, the good news is that we have nowhere to go but up
Book Synopsis Arbitrary Lines by : M. Nolan Gray
Download or read book Arbitrary Lines written by M. Nolan Gray and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It's time for America to move beyond zoning, argues city planner M. Nolan Gray in Arbitrary Lines: How Zoning Broke the American City and How to Fix It. With lively explanations, Gray shows why zoning abolition is a necessary--if not sufficient--condition for building more affordable, vibrant, equitable, and sustainable cities. Gray lays the groundwork for this ambitious cause by clearing up common misconceptions about how American cities regulate growth and examining four contemporary critiques of zoning (its role in increasing housing costs, restricting growth in our most productive cities, institutionalizing racial and economic segregation, and mandating sprawl). He sets out some of the efforts currently underway to reform zoning and charts how land-use regulation might work in the post-zoning American city. Arbitrary Lines is an invitation to rethink the rules that will continue to shape American life--where we may live or work, who we may encounter, how we may travel. If the task seems daunting, the good news is that we have nowhere to go but up
The main theme of this book is to provide a critical analysis of the Nigerian dependent management and leadership development in the post world war II colonial Nigeria. (1945-to-1960) and beyond, using foreign fi rms-global/multinational and transnational corporations; U.A.C., SHELL, NNPC and OPEC. All these foreign fi rms have their parent companies resided in their foreign countries of origin (advanced metropolis) and have their subsidiaries or peripheries all over the global communities of underdeveloped and developing economies. Paradoxically, the book was generated by on-going political, economic concern and controversy with the fate of the struggle and quest for economic liberation in the third world-under-developed and developing countries of Africa, with direct specifi c studies of the Nigeria dependent management and leadership development, predates, from pre and post colonial era of the British colonial rule in Nigeria. The book further focuses, elicits and elucidates the third world dependent development. International Political Economy and Global/Multinational-Transnational Corporations, economic and political roles in Nigerias agricultural and oil base economic factors, by using Nigeria raw materials/natural resources to produce into fi nished products. The profi ts maximization, surpluses and heavy taxation realized through levied and derived from the genesis of the raw materials, making it into complete fi nished products, from the subsidiary country Nigeria, by the British global/multinational corporations of (U.A.C.) the United Africa Company, on the poor peasantry/farmers were been appropriated, expropriated back to the U.A.Cs parent company in the United Kingdoms ministry of food and supply. The other raw materials/natural resources of the crude petroleum/oil manufacturing economy were been monopolized by the SHELL Oil Royal Dutch of Netherlands and British SHELL post emerged, based on the concession signed in Britain, as the British government during colonial rule in Nigeria discovered crude oil segments deposits, in the todays south-south at Oloibiri in 1956, province/region in the today, south-south of eastern Nigeria. The NNPC the Nigeria indigenous oil transnational corporation, represented the Nigeria federal government crude oil reserve ownership of 55 % (in a shared venture, with SHELL British Petroleum and her partner of the Netherland Royal Dutch Oil Co-SHELL- SHELL owned 30 %) and profi ts made by SHELL was transferred to the SHELL parent oil Co, Headquarters at Hague, Netherland; Finally, the OPEC relationship with Nigeria, and the world oil market, emerged as the oil giant (developing oil organization) permanent inter-governmental organization, seemed competitively world oil organization, bailed out the global oil community in terms of world oil market stock exchange crashes and recessions; global oil gluts, oil embargos, regional civil wars and unrest threatened OPEC oil production, intercepts in bailing out the global oil community, via by optimal production and supplies was apparent in OPEC sustainability growth and reinforce the world oil market business continuity. OPEC main theme was apparently formed to stabilize and fi x oil prices, amongst the member 12 oil producing and exporting countries from the third world. Assist the member oil producer member countries to produce oil in a quota basis system to prevent any oil price manipulations, intimidations, exploitative mechanism of oil sales malpractices and price anomalies.
Book Synopsis The Nigerian Dependent Management & Leadership Development in the Post World War Ii Colonial Nigeria by : Dr. Anthony Kenechukwu Offu Sr.
Download or read book The Nigerian Dependent Management & Leadership Development in the Post World War Ii Colonial Nigeria written by Dr. Anthony Kenechukwu Offu Sr. and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main theme of this book is to provide a critical analysis of the Nigerian dependent management and leadership development in the post world war II colonial Nigeria. (1945-to-1960) and beyond, using foreign fi rms-global/multinational and transnational corporations; U.A.C., SHELL, NNPC and OPEC. All these foreign fi rms have their parent companies resided in their foreign countries of origin (advanced metropolis) and have their subsidiaries or peripheries all over the global communities of underdeveloped and developing economies. Paradoxically, the book was generated by on-going political, economic concern and controversy with the fate of the struggle and quest for economic liberation in the third world-under-developed and developing countries of Africa, with direct specifi c studies of the Nigeria dependent management and leadership development, predates, from pre and post colonial era of the British colonial rule in Nigeria. The book further focuses, elicits and elucidates the third world dependent development. International Political Economy and Global/Multinational-Transnational Corporations, economic and political roles in Nigerias agricultural and oil base economic factors, by using Nigeria raw materials/natural resources to produce into fi nished products. The profi ts maximization, surpluses and heavy taxation realized through levied and derived from the genesis of the raw materials, making it into complete fi nished products, from the subsidiary country Nigeria, by the British global/multinational corporations of (U.A.C.) the United Africa Company, on the poor peasantry/farmers were been appropriated, expropriated back to the U.A.Cs parent company in the United Kingdoms ministry of food and supply. The other raw materials/natural resources of the crude petroleum/oil manufacturing economy were been monopolized by the SHELL Oil Royal Dutch of Netherlands and British SHELL post emerged, based on the concession signed in Britain, as the British government during colonial rule in Nigeria discovered crude oil segments deposits, in the todays south-south at Oloibiri in 1956, province/region in the today, south-south of eastern Nigeria. The NNPC the Nigeria indigenous oil transnational corporation, represented the Nigeria federal government crude oil reserve ownership of 55 % (in a shared venture, with SHELL British Petroleum and her partner of the Netherland Royal Dutch Oil Co-SHELL- SHELL owned 30 %) and profi ts made by SHELL was transferred to the SHELL parent oil Co, Headquarters at Hague, Netherland; Finally, the OPEC relationship with Nigeria, and the world oil market, emerged as the oil giant (developing oil organization) permanent inter-governmental organization, seemed competitively world oil organization, bailed out the global oil community in terms of world oil market stock exchange crashes and recessions; global oil gluts, oil embargos, regional civil wars and unrest threatened OPEC oil production, intercepts in bailing out the global oil community, via by optimal production and supplies was apparent in OPEC sustainability growth and reinforce the world oil market business continuity. OPEC main theme was apparently formed to stabilize and fi x oil prices, amongst the member 12 oil producing and exporting countries from the third world. Assist the member oil producer member countries to produce oil in a quota basis system to prevent any oil price manipulations, intimidations, exploitative mechanism of oil sales malpractices and price anomalies.
Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
Book Synopsis The Promise of Adolescence by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book The Promise of Adolescence written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
By the winner of the 1988 Nobel Prize in Economics, an essential and paradigm-altering framework for understanding economic development--for both rich and poor--in the twenty-first century. Freedom, Sen argues, is both the end and most efficient means of sustaining economic life and the key to securing the general welfare of the world's entire population. Releasing the idea of individual freedom from association with any particular historical, intellectual, political, or religious tradition, Sen clearly demonstrates its current applicability and possibilities. In the new global economy, where, despite unprecedented increases in overall opulence, the contemporary world denies elementary freedoms to vast numbers--perhaps even the majority of people--he concludes, it is still possible to practically and optimistically restain a sense of social accountability. Development as Freedom is essential reading.
Book Synopsis Development as Freedom by : Amartya Sen
Download or read book Development as Freedom written by Amartya Sen and published by Anchor. This book was released on 2011-05-25 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the winner of the 1988 Nobel Prize in Economics, an essential and paradigm-altering framework for understanding economic development--for both rich and poor--in the twenty-first century. Freedom, Sen argues, is both the end and most efficient means of sustaining economic life and the key to securing the general welfare of the world's entire population. Releasing the idea of individual freedom from association with any particular historical, intellectual, political, or religious tradition, Sen clearly demonstrates its current applicability and possibilities. In the new global economy, where, despite unprecedented increases in overall opulence, the contemporary world denies elementary freedoms to vast numbers--perhaps even the majority of people--he concludes, it is still possible to practically and optimistically restain a sense of social accountability. Development as Freedom is essential reading.
