Difference, Sameness and DNA

Difference, Sameness and DNA

Author: Paul Vanouse

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published:

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13: 3031470737

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Book Synopsis Difference, Sameness and DNA by : Paul Vanouse

Download or read book Difference, Sameness and DNA written by Paul Vanouse and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


Evolution of Sameness and Difference

Evolution of Sameness and Difference

Author: Stanley Shostak

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1999-08-19

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 9789057025402

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An analysis of the problem of how the sameness and difference in living things are controlled normally, in the course of development and maintenance, and abnormally, in the course of defective growth, tumours and cancer. Like everything else in life, the biological sameness and difference in organisms has evolved. An understanding of this biological evolution will help control abnormalities, such as those associated with birth defects and invasive, destructive tumours.


Book Synopsis Evolution of Sameness and Difference by : Stanley Shostak

Download or read book Evolution of Sameness and Difference written by Stanley Shostak and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-08-19 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the problem of how the sameness and difference in living things are controlled normally, in the course of development and maintenance, and abnormally, in the course of defective growth, tumours and cancer. Like everything else in life, the biological sameness and difference in organisms has evolved. An understanding of this biological evolution will help control abnormalities, such as those associated with birth defects and invasive, destructive tumours.


Population Genetics and Belonging

Population Genetics and Belonging

Author: Venla Oikkonen

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-09-19

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 331962881X

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This book explores how human population genetics has emerged as a means of imagining and enacting belonging in contemporary society. Venla Oikkonen approaches population genetics as an evolving set of technological, material, narrative and affective practices, arguing that these practices are engaged in multiple forms of belonging that are often mutually contradictory. Considering scientific, popular and fictional texts, with several carefully selected case studies spanning three decades, the author traces shifts in the affective, material and gendered preconditions of population genetic visions of belonging. Topics encompass the debate about Mitochondrial Eve, ancient human DNA, temporality and nostalgia, commercial genetic ancestry tests, and tensions between continental and national genetic inheritance. The book will be of particular interest to scholars and students of science and technology studies, cultural studies, sociology, and gender studies.


Book Synopsis Population Genetics and Belonging by : Venla Oikkonen

Download or read book Population Genetics and Belonging written by Venla Oikkonen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how human population genetics has emerged as a means of imagining and enacting belonging in contemporary society. Venla Oikkonen approaches population genetics as an evolving set of technological, material, narrative and affective practices, arguing that these practices are engaged in multiple forms of belonging that are often mutually contradictory. Considering scientific, popular and fictional texts, with several carefully selected case studies spanning three decades, the author traces shifts in the affective, material and gendered preconditions of population genetic visions of belonging. Topics encompass the debate about Mitochondrial Eve, ancient human DNA, temporality and nostalgia, commercial genetic ancestry tests, and tensions between continental and national genetic inheritance. The book will be of particular interest to scholars and students of science and technology studies, cultural studies, sociology, and gender studies.


The Genetic Lottery

The Genetic Lottery

Author: Kathryn Paige Harden

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2022-10-11

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 0691242100

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A provocative and timely case for how the science of genetics can help create a more just and equal society In recent years, scientists like Kathryn Paige Harden have shown that DNA makes us different, in our personalities and in our health—and in ways that matter for educational and economic success in our current society. In The Genetic Lottery, Harden introduces readers to the latest genetic science, dismantling dangerous ideas about racial superiority and challenging us to grapple with what equality really means in a world where people are born different. Weaving together personal stories with scientific evidence, Harden shows why our refusal to recognize the power of DNA perpetuates the myth of meritocracy, and argues that we must acknowledge the role of genetic luck if we are ever to create a fair society. Reclaiming genetic science from the legacy of eugenics, this groundbreaking book offers a bold new vision of society where everyone thrives, regardless of how one fares in the genetic lottery.


Book Synopsis The Genetic Lottery by : Kathryn Paige Harden

Download or read book The Genetic Lottery written by Kathryn Paige Harden and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A provocative and timely case for how the science of genetics can help create a more just and equal society In recent years, scientists like Kathryn Paige Harden have shown that DNA makes us different, in our personalities and in our health—and in ways that matter for educational and economic success in our current society. In The Genetic Lottery, Harden introduces readers to the latest genetic science, dismantling dangerous ideas about racial superiority and challenging us to grapple with what equality really means in a world where people are born different. Weaving together personal stories with scientific evidence, Harden shows why our refusal to recognize the power of DNA perpetuates the myth of meritocracy, and argues that we must acknowledge the role of genetic luck if we are ever to create a fair society. Reclaiming genetic science from the legacy of eugenics, this groundbreaking book offers a bold new vision of society where everyone thrives, regardless of how one fares in the genetic lottery.


Blind to Sameness

Blind to Sameness

Author: Asia Friedman

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2013-07-15

Total Pages: 221

ISBN-13: 022602377X

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What is the role of the senses in how we understand the world? Cognitive sociology has long addressed the way we perceive or imagine boundaries in our ordinary lives, but Asia Friedman pushes this question further still. How, she asks, did we come to blind ourselves to sex sameness? Drawing on more than sixty interviews with two decidedly different populations—the blind and the transgendered—Blind to Sameness answers provocative questions about the relationships between sex differences, biology, and visual perception. Both groups speak from unique perspectives that magnify the social construction of dominant visual conceptions of sex, allowing Friedman to examine the visual construction of the sexed body and highlighting the processes of social perception underlying our everyday experience of male and female bodies. The result is a notable contribution to the sociologies of gender, culture, and cognition that will revolutionize the way we think about sex.


Book Synopsis Blind to Sameness by : Asia Friedman

Download or read book Blind to Sameness written by Asia Friedman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-07-15 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the role of the senses in how we understand the world? Cognitive sociology has long addressed the way we perceive or imagine boundaries in our ordinary lives, but Asia Friedman pushes this question further still. How, she asks, did we come to blind ourselves to sex sameness? Drawing on more than sixty interviews with two decidedly different populations—the blind and the transgendered—Blind to Sameness answers provocative questions about the relationships between sex differences, biology, and visual perception. Both groups speak from unique perspectives that magnify the social construction of dominant visual conceptions of sex, allowing Friedman to examine the visual construction of the sexed body and highlighting the processes of social perception underlying our everyday experience of male and female bodies. The result is a notable contribution to the sociologies of gender, culture, and cognition that will revolutionize the way we think about sex.


God Or Allah, Truth Or Bull?

God Or Allah, Truth Or Bull?

Author: Richard Woo

Publisher: Strategic Book Publishing

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 421

ISBN-13: 1609768132

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Is there a perfect being? Is everything in the universe a creation of God, the so-called Intelligent Designer? Is there a providential divinity watching over the human drama and occasionally revealing information to us supernaturally? Writing about God and religious issues can attract adverse reactions from people, and one can never be sure of the kind of reception that may ensue even if one's arguments appear to be nothing less than logical. I hope this book will imbue in you a realization that there are no logical arguments for the existence of God or any god, apart from wishy-washy propositions that say little or nothing, and that no empirical evidence has ever been offered in support. Arguments must be decided on the basis of their being factual or non-factual, persuasive or unpersuasive, logical or illogical. Reason is a far more reliable or effective tool than a mountain of faith, especially if faith means adhering blindly to one's religious teachings or dogma. Arguably, whether life is meaningful, whether there is a purpose to the universe, or whether there is a paradise waiting for us after we are buried or cremated are questions that will have to rest with each individual. Thus, if there are any truths to be found in this book, it is for you, the reader, to decide. Before he retired, Richard Woo was in international banking. Today he lives in Singapore, and is an avid reader on topics concerning science, politics, and religion. Publisher's website: http: //www.strategicpublishinggroup.com/title/GodOrAllahTruthOrBull.html


Book Synopsis God Or Allah, Truth Or Bull? by : Richard Woo

Download or read book God Or Allah, Truth Or Bull? written by Richard Woo and published by Strategic Book Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a perfect being? Is everything in the universe a creation of God, the so-called Intelligent Designer? Is there a providential divinity watching over the human drama and occasionally revealing information to us supernaturally? Writing about God and religious issues can attract adverse reactions from people, and one can never be sure of the kind of reception that may ensue even if one's arguments appear to be nothing less than logical. I hope this book will imbue in you a realization that there are no logical arguments for the existence of God or any god, apart from wishy-washy propositions that say little or nothing, and that no empirical evidence has ever been offered in support. Arguments must be decided on the basis of their being factual or non-factual, persuasive or unpersuasive, logical or illogical. Reason is a far more reliable or effective tool than a mountain of faith, especially if faith means adhering blindly to one's religious teachings or dogma. Arguably, whether life is meaningful, whether there is a purpose to the universe, or whether there is a paradise waiting for us after we are buried or cremated are questions that will have to rest with each individual. Thus, if there are any truths to be found in this book, it is for you, the reader, to decide. Before he retired, Richard Woo was in international banking. Today he lives in Singapore, and is an avid reader on topics concerning science, politics, and religion. Publisher's website: http: //www.strategicpublishinggroup.com/title/GodOrAllahTruthOrBull.html


Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes

Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes

Author: Susumu Ohno

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 3642881785

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Natural selection operates among individual organisms which differ in their genetic constitution. The degree of hereditary variability within a species is greatly enhanced by cross-fertilization. Indeed, the mechanism of sexual reproduction occurred very early in evolution, for it is seen today even in bacteria. In Escherichia coli, fertilization occurs by passage of the single chromosome from the male into the female bacterium (LEDERBERG, 1959). In multicellular organisms, the separation of germ from soma, and the production of haploid gametes became mandatory. The gametes were of two types. One, extremely mobile, was designed to seek out and penetrate the other, which loaded with nutrients, received the mobile gamete and intiated the development of a new individual. The foundation for true bisexuality was thus laid. In the primitive state of bisexuality, whether an individual is to be a sperm-producing male or an egg-producing female appears to be decided rather haphazardly. In the worm, Banelia viridis, the minute males are parasites in the female. Larvae that become attached to the proboscis of an adult female become males, while unattached larvae sink to the bottom and become females (BALTZER, 1935). The more sophisticated state of bisexuality was initiated by setting aside a particular pair of chromosomes for specialization and making either the male or the female a heterogametic sex. Sex chromosomes as we know them were thus born.


Book Synopsis Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes by : Susumu Ohno

Download or read book Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes written by Susumu Ohno and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural selection operates among individual organisms which differ in their genetic constitution. The degree of hereditary variability within a species is greatly enhanced by cross-fertilization. Indeed, the mechanism of sexual reproduction occurred very early in evolution, for it is seen today even in bacteria. In Escherichia coli, fertilization occurs by passage of the single chromosome from the male into the female bacterium (LEDERBERG, 1959). In multicellular organisms, the separation of germ from soma, and the production of haploid gametes became mandatory. The gametes were of two types. One, extremely mobile, was designed to seek out and penetrate the other, which loaded with nutrients, received the mobile gamete and intiated the development of a new individual. The foundation for true bisexuality was thus laid. In the primitive state of bisexuality, whether an individual is to be a sperm-producing male or an egg-producing female appears to be decided rather haphazardly. In the worm, Banelia viridis, the minute males are parasites in the female. Larvae that become attached to the proboscis of an adult female become males, while unattached larvae sink to the bottom and become females (BALTZER, 1935). The more sophisticated state of bisexuality was initiated by setting aside a particular pair of chromosomes for specialization and making either the male or the female a heterogametic sex. Sex chromosomes as we know them were thus born.


Ethics and Genetics

Ethics and Genetics

Author: Guido de Wert

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2003-05

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 9781571816009

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Genetic information plays an increasingly important role in ourlives. As a result of the Human Genome Project, knowledge ofthe genetic basis of various diseases is growing, withimportant consequences for the role of genetics in clinicalpractice, health care systems and for society at large. In theclinical setting genetic testing may result in a better insightinto susceptibility for inheritable diseases, not only before orafter birth, but also at later stages in life. Besides prenataltesting and pre-conceptional testing, predictive testing hasresulted in new possibilities for the early detection, treatmentand prevention of inheritable diseases. However, not all inheritable diseases that can be predicted onthe basis of genetic information can be treated or cured.Should we offer genetic tests to people for untreatablediseases? Should we test every individual who wants to knowhis or her genetic status? Should we inform family membersabout the results of genetic tests of individuals, even whenthere are no possibilities for treatment? What, in such cases,is the role of the "right-not-to-know"? Should we informfamily members when there is only an increased risk of adisease? This book deals with the ethical issues of clinicalgenetics, as well as ethical issues that arise in geneticscreening, the research of populations, and the use of geneticinformation for access to insurance and the workplace.


Book Synopsis Ethics and Genetics by : Guido de Wert

Download or read book Ethics and Genetics written by Guido de Wert and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2003-05 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic information plays an increasingly important role in ourlives. As a result of the Human Genome Project, knowledge ofthe genetic basis of various diseases is growing, withimportant consequences for the role of genetics in clinicalpractice, health care systems and for society at large. In theclinical setting genetic testing may result in a better insightinto susceptibility for inheritable diseases, not only before orafter birth, but also at later stages in life. Besides prenataltesting and pre-conceptional testing, predictive testing hasresulted in new possibilities for the early detection, treatmentand prevention of inheritable diseases. However, not all inheritable diseases that can be predicted onthe basis of genetic information can be treated or cured.Should we offer genetic tests to people for untreatablediseases? Should we test every individual who wants to knowhis or her genetic status? Should we inform family membersabout the results of genetic tests of individuals, even whenthere are no possibilities for treatment? What, in such cases,is the role of the "right-not-to-know"? Should we informfamily members when there is only an increased risk of adisease? This book deals with the ethical issues of clinicalgenetics, as well as ethical issues that arise in geneticscreening, the research of populations, and the use of geneticinformation for access to insurance and the workplace.


Bioethics in a European Perspective

Bioethics in a European Perspective

Author: H.A. Ten Have

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 530

ISBN-13: 9401597065

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This book gives an overview of the most salient themes in present-day bioethics. The book focuses on perspectives typical for the European context. This highlights not only particular bioethical themes such as social justice, choices in health care, and health policy (e.g., in post-communist countries), it also emphasizes specific approaches in ethical theory, in relation to Continental philosophies such as phenomenology and hermeneutics.


Book Synopsis Bioethics in a European Perspective by : H.A. Ten Have

Download or read book Bioethics in a European Perspective written by H.A. Ten Have and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an overview of the most salient themes in present-day bioethics. The book focuses on perspectives typical for the European context. This highlights not only particular bioethical themes such as social justice, choices in health care, and health policy (e.g., in post-communist countries), it also emphasizes specific approaches in ethical theory, in relation to Continental philosophies such as phenomenology and hermeneutics.


The Moral Status of Persons

The Moral Status of Persons

Author:

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2021-11-08

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 9004495029

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The advances in molecular biology and genetics, medicine and neurosciences, in ethology and environmental studies have put the concept of the person firmly on the philosophical agenda. Whereas earlier times seemed to have a clear understanding about the moral implications of personhood and its boundaries, today there is little consensus on such matters. Whether a patient in the last stages of Alzheimer's disease is still a person, or whether a human embryo is already a person are highly contentious issues. This book tackles the issue of personhood and its moral implications head-on. The thirteen essays are representative of the major strands in the current bioethical debate and offer new insights into humanity's moral standing, its foundations, and its implications for social interaction. While most of the essays approach the issue by drawing on the rich intellectual tradition of the West, others offer a cross-cultural perspective and make available for ethical consideration the philosophical resources and the wisdom of the East. The contributors to this book are highly recognized philosophers, ethicists, theologians, and professionals in health care and medicine from East Asia (China, Japan), Europe, and North America. The first part of the book probes the foundations of personhood. Examining critically the main theories on personhood in contemporary philosophy, the authors offer alternatives that better respond to contemporary challenges and their implications for bioethics. The focus of the second part is firmly on the Confucian relational concept of the person and on the social constitution of personhood in traditional Japanese culture. While the essays challenge the individualistic features of personhood in the Western tradition, they lay the foundations for a richer concept that holds great promise for the resolution of moral dilemmas in modern medicine and health care. The third part of the book enters into a dialogue with the Christian tradition and draws on its spiritual heritage in the search for answers to the contemporary challenges to human dignity and value. Its focus is on the Catholic social thought and Lutheran theology. The fourth part addresses the moral status of persons in view of specific issues such as the effects of brain injury, gene therapy, and human cloning on personhood. It extends the scope of research beyond human beings and inquires also into the moral status of animals.


Book Synopsis The Moral Status of Persons by :

Download or read book The Moral Status of Persons written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-11-08 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advances in molecular biology and genetics, medicine and neurosciences, in ethology and environmental studies have put the concept of the person firmly on the philosophical agenda. Whereas earlier times seemed to have a clear understanding about the moral implications of personhood and its boundaries, today there is little consensus on such matters. Whether a patient in the last stages of Alzheimer's disease is still a person, or whether a human embryo is already a person are highly contentious issues. This book tackles the issue of personhood and its moral implications head-on. The thirteen essays are representative of the major strands in the current bioethical debate and offer new insights into humanity's moral standing, its foundations, and its implications for social interaction. While most of the essays approach the issue by drawing on the rich intellectual tradition of the West, others offer a cross-cultural perspective and make available for ethical consideration the philosophical resources and the wisdom of the East. The contributors to this book are highly recognized philosophers, ethicists, theologians, and professionals in health care and medicine from East Asia (China, Japan), Europe, and North America. The first part of the book probes the foundations of personhood. Examining critically the main theories on personhood in contemporary philosophy, the authors offer alternatives that better respond to contemporary challenges and their implications for bioethics. The focus of the second part is firmly on the Confucian relational concept of the person and on the social constitution of personhood in traditional Japanese culture. While the essays challenge the individualistic features of personhood in the Western tradition, they lay the foundations for a richer concept that holds great promise for the resolution of moral dilemmas in modern medicine and health care. The third part of the book enters into a dialogue with the Christian tradition and draws on its spiritual heritage in the search for answers to the contemporary challenges to human dignity and value. Its focus is on the Catholic social thought and Lutheran theology. The fourth part addresses the moral status of persons in view of specific issues such as the effects of brain injury, gene therapy, and human cloning on personhood. It extends the scope of research beyond human beings and inquires also into the moral status of animals.