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Future pandemic prevention from influenza virus type A strain (H1N1) 2009 in India require rapid and reliable testing of larger samples collected in year round at different geographical, environmental and social strata for novel strains and its differentiation from seasonal ones. In this study, a real-time Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) assay was used in multiplex for detecting Influenza A gene, Swine influenza H1 gene and human RNP gene, with normal PCR in singleplex for B viruses for 24 patient nasal swab samples, who were reporting with influenza like illness (ILI) from local clinic in Chennai and these patients showed low circulation of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 strain. KEYWORDS: Influenza, Nasal Swab, Real-Time PCR, RT-PCR, Swine Flu, (H1N1) 2009 Strain
Book Synopsis Duplex RT-PCR Assays For Rapid Detection,sorting Of Influenza Viruses by : Solomon Sudhakar Magapu
Download or read book Duplex RT-PCR Assays For Rapid Detection,sorting Of Influenza Viruses written by Solomon Sudhakar Magapu and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future pandemic prevention from influenza virus type A strain (H1N1) 2009 in India require rapid and reliable testing of larger samples collected in year round at different geographical, environmental and social strata for novel strains and its differentiation from seasonal ones. In this study, a real-time Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) assay was used in multiplex for detecting Influenza A gene, Swine influenza H1 gene and human RNP gene, with normal PCR in singleplex for B viruses for 24 patient nasal swab samples, who were reporting with influenza like illness (ILI) from local clinic in Chennai and these patients showed low circulation of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 strain. KEYWORDS: Influenza, Nasal Swab, Real-Time PCR, RT-PCR, Swine Flu, (H1N1) 2009 Strain
Book Synopsis Development of Rapid Real-time PCR Assays for Simultaneous Detection and Subtyping of H5N1 and H9N2 Influenza Viruses Type A by : Wee Theng Ong
Download or read book Development of Rapid Real-time PCR Assays for Simultaneous Detection and Subtyping of H5N1 and H9N2 Influenza Viruses Type A written by Wee Theng Ong and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Influenza A infection is a major public health problem world wide. Four major pandemics in the past century including pandemic H1N1 2009 were caused by influenza A viruses. Different approaches of diagnosis assays have been developed to detect influenza A viruses. However, some techniques such as viral isolation, immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and other molecular assays including RT-PCR and real time RT-PCT have limitation to apply in mobile surveillance and unequipped laboratories in developing countries. In this study, one step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification was developed as a rapid, sensitive to detect influenza A viruses. To reach the overall goal, a lamp primer set was designed by PrimerExpoler V4 and developed for a sensitive and specific amplification. The optimal amplification reaction is 63oC for 60 minutes then followed by 80oC for ten minutes. The developed assay is ten times more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR and comparable as real time RT-PCR. It is also highly specific for influenza viruses of different hosts. The colorimetric assay of LAMP products is also sensitive as gel electrophoresis. This developed one step RT-LAMP reveals comparable sensitive to detect the Influenza A viruses in both cloacal and tracheal samples. This method is also an easy to use technique and suitable for field surveillance and screening.
Book Synopsis The Development of Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid Detection of Influenza Viruses by :
Download or read book The Development of Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid Detection of Influenza Viruses written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Influenza A infection is a major public health problem world wide. Four major pandemics in the past century including pandemic H1N1 2009 were caused by influenza A viruses. Different approaches of diagnosis assays have been developed to detect influenza A viruses. However, some techniques such as viral isolation, immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and other molecular assays including RT-PCR and real time RT-PCT have limitation to apply in mobile surveillance and unequipped laboratories in developing countries. In this study, one step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification was developed as a rapid, sensitive to detect influenza A viruses. To reach the overall goal, a lamp primer set was designed by PrimerExpoler V4 and developed for a sensitive and specific amplification. The optimal amplification reaction is 63oC for 60 minutes then followed by 80oC for ten minutes. The developed assay is ten times more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR and comparable as real time RT-PCR. It is also highly specific for influenza viruses of different hosts. The colorimetric assay of LAMP products is also sensitive as gel electrophoresis. This developed one step RT-LAMP reveals comparable sensitive to detect the Influenza A viruses in both cloacal and tracheal samples. This method is also an easy to use technique and suitable for field surveillance and screening.
Book Synopsis Development of Multiplex Real-time RT-PCR Assays for Influenza Virus Types and Subtypes Detection in Respiratory Samples by : Ka Yan Inly Poon
Download or read book Development of Multiplex Real-time RT-PCR Assays for Influenza Virus Types and Subtypes Detection in Respiratory Samples written by Ka Yan Inly Poon and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Prominin-1 or otherwise known as CD133 is a glycoprotein that is present in humans and mice. Since the first description of prominin in 1997, in mouse neuroepithelial cells and in human hematopoietic stem cells as AC133 antigen, this molecule has aroused a large interest especially, as a stem cell marker, that gave rise to an ever growing body of publications and more recently its expression in cancer stem cells. Controversies as to its role as a cancer stem and its detection in different models, as well as its use as a prognostic marker have emerged. Yet, beyond its use as a stem cell and cancer stem cell marker, prominin-1/CD133 displays unique biological features and appears of importance in other processes like for example in retinal biogenesis. Indeed, this five-transmembrane plasma membrane glycoprotein, which marks membrane protrusions is associated with several essential processes like cell polarity, asymmetric cell division and membrane remodeling. We propose to review current knowledge about this intriguing molecule and present pertinent information to determine the biological role of prominins and assess their importance in medicine and cancer research. The primary audience for this book is geared towards scientists and researchers with interest in cancer stem cells, stem cells, cell biology, neurobiology, and regenerative medicine.
Book Synopsis Prominin-1 (CD133): New Insights on Stem & Cancer Stem Cell Biology by : Denis Corbeil
Download or read book Prominin-1 (CD133): New Insights on Stem & Cancer Stem Cell Biology written by Denis Corbeil and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-19 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prominin-1 or otherwise known as CD133 is a glycoprotein that is present in humans and mice. Since the first description of prominin in 1997, in mouse neuroepithelial cells and in human hematopoietic stem cells as AC133 antigen, this molecule has aroused a large interest especially, as a stem cell marker, that gave rise to an ever growing body of publications and more recently its expression in cancer stem cells. Controversies as to its role as a cancer stem and its detection in different models, as well as its use as a prognostic marker have emerged. Yet, beyond its use as a stem cell and cancer stem cell marker, prominin-1/CD133 displays unique biological features and appears of importance in other processes like for example in retinal biogenesis. Indeed, this five-transmembrane plasma membrane glycoprotein, which marks membrane protrusions is associated with several essential processes like cell polarity, asymmetric cell division and membrane remodeling. We propose to review current knowledge about this intriguing molecule and present pertinent information to determine the biological role of prominins and assess their importance in medicine and cancer research. The primary audience for this book is geared towards scientists and researchers with interest in cancer stem cells, stem cells, cell biology, neurobiology, and regenerative medicine.
A COMPLETE, UP-TO-DATE RESOURCE OF INFORMATION ON MORE THAN 200 DYES AND STAINS Handbook of Biological Dyes and Stains is the most comprehensive volume available on the subject, covering all the available dyes and stains known to date in the literature for use in biology and medicine. Top dye expert Dr. Ram Sabnis organizes the compounds alphabetically by the most commonly used chemical name. He presents an easy-to-use reference complete with novel ideas for breakthrough research in medical, biological, chemical, and related fields. This is the first book to give the CAS registry number, chemical structure, Chemical Abstracts index name, all other chemical names, Merck Index number, chemical/dye class, molecular formula, molecular weight, physical form, solubility, melting point, boiling point, pH range, color change at pH, pKa, absorption, and emission maxima of dyes and stains, as well as to provide access to synthesis procedures (lab scale and industrial scale) of dyes and stains. This user-friendly handbook also features references on safety, toxicity, and adverse effects of dyes and stains on humans, animals, and the environment, including: acute/chronic toxicity aquatic toxicity carcinogenicity cytotoxicity ecotoxicity genotoxicity hepatotoxicity marine toxicity mutagenicity nephrotoxicity neurotoxicity oral toxicity phototoxicity phytotoxicity The use of biological dyes and stains has extremely high potential in today's business environment. This makes Handbook of Biological Dyes and Stains a convenient, must-have reference. Its staining, biological, and industrial applications make it a vital resource for industrial and academic researchers; the book also serves as a valuable desktop reference for medical professionals, biologists, chemists, chemical/optical engineers, physicists, materials scientists, intellectual property professionals, students, and professors.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Biological Dyes and Stains by : R. W. Sabnis
Download or read book Handbook of Biological Dyes and Stains written by R. W. Sabnis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-29 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A COMPLETE, UP-TO-DATE RESOURCE OF INFORMATION ON MORE THAN 200 DYES AND STAINS Handbook of Biological Dyes and Stains is the most comprehensive volume available on the subject, covering all the available dyes and stains known to date in the literature for use in biology and medicine. Top dye expert Dr. Ram Sabnis organizes the compounds alphabetically by the most commonly used chemical name. He presents an easy-to-use reference complete with novel ideas for breakthrough research in medical, biological, chemical, and related fields. This is the first book to give the CAS registry number, chemical structure, Chemical Abstracts index name, all other chemical names, Merck Index number, chemical/dye class, molecular formula, molecular weight, physical form, solubility, melting point, boiling point, pH range, color change at pH, pKa, absorption, and emission maxima of dyes and stains, as well as to provide access to synthesis procedures (lab scale and industrial scale) of dyes and stains. This user-friendly handbook also features references on safety, toxicity, and adverse effects of dyes and stains on humans, animals, and the environment, including: acute/chronic toxicity aquatic toxicity carcinogenicity cytotoxicity ecotoxicity genotoxicity hepatotoxicity marine toxicity mutagenicity nephrotoxicity neurotoxicity oral toxicity phototoxicity phytotoxicity The use of biological dyes and stains has extremely high potential in today's business environment. This makes Handbook of Biological Dyes and Stains a convenient, must-have reference. Its staining, biological, and industrial applications make it a vital resource for industrial and academic researchers; the book also serves as a valuable desktop reference for medical professionals, biologists, chemists, chemical/optical engineers, physicists, materials scientists, intellectual property professionals, students, and professors.
This new volume of Methods in Enzymology continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series
Book Synopsis Enzyme Engineering and Evolution: General Methods by :
Download or read book Enzyme Engineering and Evolution: General Methods written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-05 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume of Methods in Enzymology continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series
Biological systems are very special substrates for engineering—uniquely the products of evolution, they are easily redesigned by similar approaches. A simple algorithm of iterative cycles of diversification and selection, evolution works at all scales, from single molecules to whole ecosystems. In the little more than a decade since the first reported applications of evolutionary design to enzyme engineering, directed evolution has matured to the point where it now represents the centerpiece of industrial biocatalyst development and is being practiced by thousands of academic and industrial scientists in com- nies and universities around the world. The appeal of directed evolution is easy to understand: it is conceptually straightforward, it can be practiced without any special instrumentation and, most important, it frequently yields useful solutions, many of which are totally unanticipated. Directed evolution has r- dered protein engineering readily accessible to a broad audience of scientists and engineers who wish to tailor a myriad of protein properties, including th- mal and solvent stability, enzyme selectivity, specific activity, protease s- ceptibility, allosteric control of protein function, ligand binding, transcriptional activation, and solubility. Furthermore, the range of applications has expanded to the engineering of more complex functions such as those performed by m- tiple proteins acting in concert (in biosynthetic pathways) or as part of mac- molecular complexes and biological networks.
Book Synopsis Directed Evolution Library Creation by : Frances H. Arnold
Download or read book Directed Evolution Library Creation written by Frances H. Arnold and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2010-11-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological systems are very special substrates for engineering—uniquely the products of evolution, they are easily redesigned by similar approaches. A simple algorithm of iterative cycles of diversification and selection, evolution works at all scales, from single molecules to whole ecosystems. In the little more than a decade since the first reported applications of evolutionary design to enzyme engineering, directed evolution has matured to the point where it now represents the centerpiece of industrial biocatalyst development and is being practiced by thousands of academic and industrial scientists in com- nies and universities around the world. The appeal of directed evolution is easy to understand: it is conceptually straightforward, it can be practiced without any special instrumentation and, most important, it frequently yields useful solutions, many of which are totally unanticipated. Directed evolution has r- dered protein engineering readily accessible to a broad audience of scientists and engineers who wish to tailor a myriad of protein properties, including th- mal and solvent stability, enzyme selectivity, specific activity, protease s- ceptibility, allosteric control of protein function, ligand binding, transcriptional activation, and solubility. Furthermore, the range of applications has expanded to the engineering of more complex functions such as those performed by m- tiple proteins acting in concert (in biosynthetic pathways) or as part of mac- molecular complexes and biological networks.
Published on behalf of the Biological Stain Commission For 75 years Conn's Biological Stains has been a standard reference for all those who used dyes and colorants in the biological and medical sciences. This long awaited tenth edition appears 25 years after R.D. Lillie's ninth and has been completely rewritten to reflect the increase in range of uses. Although the staining of microscopical preparations continues to expand the uses of dyes and fluorochromes now extend far beyond this traditional application. This book provides the first critical overview of the whole range of low molecular weight fluorescent probes, outside the catalogue literature. The first ten chapters are essays, by leading experts, on the important aspects of colorants and their uses. Most of the remainder of the book consists of descriptions by Dr Horobin of the properties and recent applications of hundreds of individual compounds, in about twenty chemical classes. The last chapter reviews the procedures employed at the Biological Stain Commission's laboratory to assay and test dyes and certify them as suitable for their intended applications.
Book Synopsis Conn's Biological Stains by : Richard W. Horobin
Download or read book Conn's Biological Stains written by Richard W. Horobin and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2002 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published on behalf of the Biological Stain Commission For 75 years Conn's Biological Stains has been a standard reference for all those who used dyes and colorants in the biological and medical sciences. This long awaited tenth edition appears 25 years after R.D. Lillie's ninth and has been completely rewritten to reflect the increase in range of uses. Although the staining of microscopical preparations continues to expand the uses of dyes and fluorochromes now extend far beyond this traditional application. This book provides the first critical overview of the whole range of low molecular weight fluorescent probes, outside the catalogue literature. The first ten chapters are essays, by leading experts, on the important aspects of colorants and their uses. Most of the remainder of the book consists of descriptions by Dr Horobin of the properties and recent applications of hundreds of individual compounds, in about twenty chemical classes. The last chapter reviews the procedures employed at the Biological Stain Commission's laboratory to assay and test dyes and certify them as suitable for their intended applications.
Book Synopsis Reactive Dyes in Biology by : Viktor Borisovich Ivanov
Download or read book Reactive Dyes in Biology written by Viktor Borisovich Ivanov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1987 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
