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Egyptian Arabic Voices is designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Egyptian Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from the greater Cairo region. Each of the six native speakers has contributed audio essays which have then been transcribed for study. Bonus: Free audio tracks available to download and stream from www.lingualism.com. Each “segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segments
Book Synopsis Egyptian Arabic Voices by : Matthew Aldrich
Download or read book Egyptian Arabic Voices written by Matthew Aldrich and published by Lingualism.com. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Egyptian Arabic Voices is designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Egyptian Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from the greater Cairo region. Each of the six native speakers has contributed audio essays which have then been transcribed for study. Bonus: Free audio tracks available to download and stream from www.lingualism.com. Each “segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segments
Egyptian Arabic Voices is designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Egyptian Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from the greater Cairo region. Each of the six native speakers has contributed audio essays which have then been transcribed for study. MP3s are available for free download. Each "segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segments
Book Synopsis Egyptian Arabic Voices by : Matthew Aldrich
Download or read book Egyptian Arabic Voices written by Matthew Aldrich and published by . This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Egyptian Arabic Voices is designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Egyptian Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from the greater Cairo region. Each of the six native speakers has contributed audio essays which have then been transcribed for study. MP3s are available for free download. Each "segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segments
Arabic Voices is a two-part series designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from across the Arab World. Each of the twelve native speakers has contributed audio essays in both Modern Standard Arabic and his or her native dialect, which have then been transcribed for study. In Arabic Voices 1 and 2, you will hear Egyptian Arabic, Levantine Arabic (Lebanese Arabic, Palestinian Arabic, Jordanian Arabic), Yemeni Arabic, Tunisian Arabic, Moroccan Arabic, as well as Modern Standard Arabic. MP3s are available for free download at www.lingualism.com. The segments in Modern Standard Arabic provide valuable insight into native speakers’ range of style and proficiency in the language. The segments in colloquial Arabic dialects offer a fascinating look into the many varieties of Arabic, and how similar and different they really are from one another. Fine-tuning your listening to the idiosyncrasies of each dialect will truly help you better understand spoken Arabic. Each “segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segment 6) select segments feature grammar focuses with additional exercises.
Book Synopsis Arabic Voices 2 by : Matthew Aldrich
Download or read book Arabic Voices 2 written by Matthew Aldrich and published by Lingualism.com. This book was released on 2014-11-04 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arabic Voices is a two-part series designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from across the Arab World. Each of the twelve native speakers has contributed audio essays in both Modern Standard Arabic and his or her native dialect, which have then been transcribed for study. In Arabic Voices 1 and 2, you will hear Egyptian Arabic, Levantine Arabic (Lebanese Arabic, Palestinian Arabic, Jordanian Arabic), Yemeni Arabic, Tunisian Arabic, Moroccan Arabic, as well as Modern Standard Arabic. MP3s are available for free download at www.lingualism.com. The segments in Modern Standard Arabic provide valuable insight into native speakers’ range of style and proficiency in the language. The segments in colloquial Arabic dialects offer a fascinating look into the many varieties of Arabic, and how similar and different they really are from one another. Fine-tuning your listening to the idiosyncrasies of each dialect will truly help you better understand spoken Arabic. Each “segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segment 6) select segments feature grammar focuses with additional exercises.
Arabic Voices is a two-part series designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from across the Arab World. Each of the twelve native speakers has contributed audio essays in both Modern Standard Arabic and his or her native dialect, which have then been transcribed for study. In Arabic Voices 1 and 2, you will hear Egyptian Arabic, Levantine Arabic (Lebanese Arabic, Palestinian Arabic, Jordanian Arabic), Yemeni Arabic, Tunisian Arabic, Moroccan Arabic, as well as Modern Standard Arabic. MP3s are available for free download at www.lingualism.com. The segments in Modern Standard Arabic provide valuable insight into native speakers’ range of style and proficiency in the language. The segments in colloquial Arabic dialects offer a fascinating look into the many varieties of Arabic, and how similar and different they really are from one another. Fine-tuning your listening to the idiosyncrasies of each dialect will truly help you better understand spoken Arabic. Each “segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segment 6) select segments feature grammar focuses with additional exercises.
Book Synopsis Arabic Voices 1 by : Matthew Aldrich
Download or read book Arabic Voices 1 written by Matthew Aldrich and published by Lingualism.com. This book was released on 2015-11-05 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arabic Voices is a two-part series designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from across the Arab World. Each of the twelve native speakers has contributed audio essays in both Modern Standard Arabic and his or her native dialect, which have then been transcribed for study. In Arabic Voices 1 and 2, you will hear Egyptian Arabic, Levantine Arabic (Lebanese Arabic, Palestinian Arabic, Jordanian Arabic), Yemeni Arabic, Tunisian Arabic, Moroccan Arabic, as well as Modern Standard Arabic. MP3s are available for free download at www.lingualism.com. The segments in Modern Standard Arabic provide valuable insight into native speakers’ range of style and proficiency in the language. The segments in colloquial Arabic dialects offer a fascinating look into the many varieties of Arabic, and how similar and different they really are from one another. Fine-tuning your listening to the idiosyncrasies of each dialect will truly help you better understand spoken Arabic. Each “segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segment 6) select segments feature grammar focuses with additional exercises.
Umm Kulthum, the "voice of Egypt," was the most celebrated musical performer of the century in the Arab world. More than twenty years after her death, her devoted audience, drawn from all strata of Arab society, still numbers in the millions. Thanks to her skillful and pioneering use of mass media, her songs still permeate the international airwaves. In the first English-language biography of Umm Kulthum, Virginia Danielson chronicles the life of a major musical figure and the confluence of artistry, society, and creativity that characterized her remarkable career. Danielson examines the careful construction of Umm Kulthum's phenomenal popularity and success in a society that discouraged women from public performance. From childhood, her mentors honed her exceptional abilities to accord with Arab and Muslim practice, and as her stature grew, she remained attentive to her audience and the public reception of her work. Ultimately, she created from local precendents and traditions her own unique idiom and developed original song styles from both populist and neo-classical inspirations. These were enthusiastically received, heralded as crowning examples of a new, yet authentically Arab-Egyptian, culture. Danielson shows how Umm Kulthum's music and public personality helped form popular culture and contributed to the broader artistic, societal, and political forces that surrounded her. This richly descriptive account joins biography with social theory to explore the impact of the individual virtuoso on both music and society at large while telling the compelling story of one of the most famous musicians of all time. "She is born again every morning in the heart of 120 million beings. In the East a day without Umm Kulthum would have no color."—Omar Sharif
Book Synopsis "The Voice of Egypt" by : Virginia Danielson
Download or read book "The Voice of Egypt" written by Virginia Danielson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-11-10 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Umm Kulthum, the "voice of Egypt," was the most celebrated musical performer of the century in the Arab world. More than twenty years after her death, her devoted audience, drawn from all strata of Arab society, still numbers in the millions. Thanks to her skillful and pioneering use of mass media, her songs still permeate the international airwaves. In the first English-language biography of Umm Kulthum, Virginia Danielson chronicles the life of a major musical figure and the confluence of artistry, society, and creativity that characterized her remarkable career. Danielson examines the careful construction of Umm Kulthum's phenomenal popularity and success in a society that discouraged women from public performance. From childhood, her mentors honed her exceptional abilities to accord with Arab and Muslim practice, and as her stature grew, she remained attentive to her audience and the public reception of her work. Ultimately, she created from local precendents and traditions her own unique idiom and developed original song styles from both populist and neo-classical inspirations. These were enthusiastically received, heralded as crowning examples of a new, yet authentically Arab-Egyptian, culture. Danielson shows how Umm Kulthum's music and public personality helped form popular culture and contributed to the broader artistic, societal, and political forces that surrounded her. This richly descriptive account joins biography with social theory to explore the impact of the individual virtuoso on both music and society at large while telling the compelling story of one of the most famous musicians of all time. "She is born again every morning in the heart of 120 million beings. In the East a day without Umm Kulthum would have no color."—Omar Sharif
The language of the media in Egypt is Modern Standard Arabic. But this only means that the news is published in MSA; Egyptians still discuss news topics in Egyptian Arabic, and this is where this book comes into play. The News in Egyptian Arabic will expose you to a variety of topics that take you beyond everyday vocabulary and help you discuss the news and express yourself intelligently in natural, spoken Arabic. YouTuber Arabic teacher Ahmad ElKhodary presents 25 interesting news stories from around the world for reading and listening practice and discussion. The materials in this book are suitable for independent learners and those studying with the guidance of a teacher. The articles are each presented in several formats to help you with your learning goals. Each unit is organized as follows: The Main Text (without tashkeel) Key Words (with a translation matching exercise) The Article (with tashkeel) Comprehension Questions Discussion Questions Expressions and Structures (a multiple-choice exercise) Answer Key (with an English translation of the article, and the article in phonemic transcription) Notes (a lined page for you to take notes at the end of each unit) On the Lingualism website, you can find: free accompanying audio to download or stream (at variable playback rates) guides to the Lingualism orthographic (spelling and tashkeel) and phonemic transcription systems links to our Egyptian Arabic Facebook group and Ahmad’s social media channels
Book Synopsis The News in Egyptian Arabic by : Ahmed ElKhodary
Download or read book The News in Egyptian Arabic written by Ahmed ElKhodary and published by Lingualism.com. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The language of the media in Egypt is Modern Standard Arabic. But this only means that the news is published in MSA; Egyptians still discuss news topics in Egyptian Arabic, and this is where this book comes into play. The News in Egyptian Arabic will expose you to a variety of topics that take you beyond everyday vocabulary and help you discuss the news and express yourself intelligently in natural, spoken Arabic. YouTuber Arabic teacher Ahmad ElKhodary presents 25 interesting news stories from around the world for reading and listening practice and discussion. The materials in this book are suitable for independent learners and those studying with the guidance of a teacher. The articles are each presented in several formats to help you with your learning goals. Each unit is organized as follows: The Main Text (without tashkeel) Key Words (with a translation matching exercise) The Article (with tashkeel) Comprehension Questions Discussion Questions Expressions and Structures (a multiple-choice exercise) Answer Key (with an English translation of the article, and the article in phonemic transcription) Notes (a lined page for you to take notes at the end of each unit) On the Lingualism website, you can find: free accompanying audio to download or stream (at variable playback rates) guides to the Lingualism orthographic (spelling and tashkeel) and phonemic transcription systems links to our Egyptian Arabic Facebook group and Ahmad’s social media channels
Arabic Voices is a two-part series designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from across the Arab World. Each of the twelve native speakers has contributed audio essays in both Modern Standard Arabic and his or her native dialect, which have then been transcribed for study. MP3s are available for free download. The segments in Modern Standard Arabic provide valuable insight into native speakers' range of style and proficiency in the language. The segments in colloquial Arabic dialects offer a fascinating look into the many varieties of Arabic, and how similar and different they really are from one another. Fine-tuning your listening to the idiosyncrasies of each dialect will truly help you better understand spoken Arabic. Each "segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segment 6) grammar focuses with additional exercises
Book Synopsis Arabic Voices 2 by : Matthew Aldrich
Download or read book Arabic Voices 2 written by Matthew Aldrich and published by . This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arabic Voices is a two-part series designed to provide students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from across the Arab World. Each of the twelve native speakers has contributed audio essays in both Modern Standard Arabic and his or her native dialect, which have then been transcribed for study. MP3s are available for free download. The segments in Modern Standard Arabic provide valuable insight into native speakers' range of style and proficiency in the language. The segments in colloquial Arabic dialects offer a fascinating look into the many varieties of Arabic, and how similar and different they really are from one another. Fine-tuning your listening to the idiosyncrasies of each dialect will truly help you better understand spoken Arabic. Each "segment" (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand, whatever your level 2) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 3) a voweled transcript of the audio with side-by-side English translations 4) cultural and linguistic notes 5) web links to articles and videos related to the segment 6) grammar focuses with additional exercises
In Syrian Arabic Voices, you will meet Amani, Umran, Nada, Fares, Bayan, and Rami, all Syrians in diaspora, who share their personal stories of war and emigration, along with more lighthearted topics such as self-introductions, hobbies, and fond memories. Syrian Arabic Voices is designed to provide intermediate and advanced students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Levantine Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Syrian Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from around Syria. Each of the six native speakers has contributed audio essays that have then been transcribed (as voweled Arabic text) and translated for study. Each segment (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) accompanying audio tracks available for free download at www.lingualism.com/sav. 2) vocabulary and comprehension exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand 3) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 4) verbatim transcripts of the audio with side-by-side English translations. 5) lined sections for taking notes and recording new vocabulary.
Book Synopsis Syrian Arabic Voices by : Matthew Aldrich
Download or read book Syrian Arabic Voices written by Matthew Aldrich and published by Lingualism.com. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Syrian Arabic Voices, you will meet Amani, Umran, Nada, Fares, Bayan, and Rami, all Syrians in diaspora, who share their personal stories of war and emigration, along with more lighthearted topics such as self-introductions, hobbies, and fond memories. Syrian Arabic Voices is designed to provide intermediate and advanced students of Arabic with an opportunity to hear and study authentic Levantine Arabic as it is spoken by native speakers today. Unlike the scripted materials read by voice actors used in many course books, Syrian Arabic Voices offers dozens of audio essays spoken naturally and off-the-cuff by individuals from around Syria. Each of the six native speakers has contributed audio essays that have then been transcribed (as voweled Arabic text) and translated for study. Each segment (audio essay chapter) contains: 1) accompanying audio tracks available for free download at www.lingualism.com/sav. 2) vocabulary and comprehension exercises to sharpen your listening skills and increase how much you can understand 3) in-chapter answers to the exercises (no having to flip back and forth to the back of the book) 4) verbatim transcripts of the audio with side-by-side English translations. 5) lined sections for taking notes and recording new vocabulary.
Want to start speaking Arabic minutes into your first lesson? With 3-Minute Egyptian Arabic - 25 Lesson Series, you will easily learn the basics of Arabic conversation with lessons made by real teachers. The best part? Each lesson is 3 minutes long. Here's what's inside: - 25 Lessons Notes including Line-by-Line Dialogue Transcription, Vocabulary List, Sample Sentences, Grammar Point, and Cultural Insight - 25 Lesson Audio tracks (complimentary download post purchase) You learn everything from greetings and talking about yourself, to making conversation and asking for directions or for the check at a restaurant. Plus, you'll get some special tips on how to sound even more natural when interacting with native Arabic speakers. Learn even more Arabic at ArabicPod101.com – access the biggest library of Arabic audio and video lessons online! Sign up for a complimentary lifetime account right now!
Book Synopsis 3-Minute Egyptian Arabic by : Innovative Language Learning
Download or read book 3-Minute Egyptian Arabic written by Innovative Language Learning and published by Innovative Language Learning. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Want to start speaking Arabic minutes into your first lesson? With 3-Minute Egyptian Arabic - 25 Lesson Series, you will easily learn the basics of Arabic conversation with lessons made by real teachers. The best part? Each lesson is 3 minutes long. Here's what's inside: - 25 Lessons Notes including Line-by-Line Dialogue Transcription, Vocabulary List, Sample Sentences, Grammar Point, and Cultural Insight - 25 Lesson Audio tracks (complimentary download post purchase) You learn everything from greetings and talking about yourself, to making conversation and asking for directions or for the check at a restaurant. Plus, you'll get some special tips on how to sound even more natural when interacting with native Arabic speakers. Learn even more Arabic at ArabicPod101.com – access the biggest library of Arabic audio and video lessons online! Sign up for a complimentary lifetime account right now!
The goal of Egyptian Arabic Diaries is to provide intermediate and advanced learners with authentic materials to practice both reading and listening skills in authentic Egyptian Colloquial Arabic (ECA). The twenty texts that appear in this book have been written and recorded by native speakers from around Egypt. The texts have been dubbed diary entries, although they are actually short personal essays that the contributors have chosen to share with learners of their language. Each diary entry appears in various forms to allow you to study the language from a variety of focal points. The unvoweled Arabic text provides realistic reading practice. Although ECA has no official rules of orthography, there are spelling conventions which are widely agreed upon by most Egyptians. Still, there remain differences in personal preferences, especially when it comes to the spelling of conjugated verbs and function words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and pronouns. Some try to preserve the spelling used in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) as much as possible, while others prefer to represent the actual sounds of ECA. Many people tend to be inconsistent even in their own spelling, as they are basically sounding things out as they go. To keep all this a bit neater, Lingualism has adopted a consistent orthography based on the most popular spelling conventions. The English translation stays true to the original Arabic, sentence by sentence, making it easy to find the corresponding translation. The translation can be used to compare similarities and differences between the style and structure of sentences in the two languages. The handwritten text is an invaluable addition to the materials, allowing you to familiarize yourself with natural Arabic handwriting. You can try your best to decipher the handwritten words, and then compare them to their typed counterparts, progressively improving your ability to read handwriting by various individuals. You can also copy (or trace) traits of the handwritten letters to make your own handwriting more natural. The voweled text is found in the left-most column of the three-column in-depth study section. Every effort has been made to provide systematic and accurate voweling (tashkeel). Keep in mind that Arabic script, as it is written by Egyptians, does not always represent the actual sounds. Vowels may be shortened, elided, or even inserted in places. The phonemic transcription allows for close study of the actual pronunciation. Even if you prefer the Arabic script, you will find it well worth your time to familiarize yourself with Lingualism's phonemic transcription system. Using the phonemic transcription allows you to better understand the sound patterns in ECA, thereby improving your own pronunciation. The word-by-word translations act as a glossary. You can easily find the literal meaning of every word without having to search through lists of words. And more than just a glossary, the word-by-word translations give you a better understanding of the grammar and style of Arabic. Try reading these English sentences out loud. They will sound quite strange, but this will help you get used to the logic of Arabic sentences. Notes are referenced with an asterisk under a column's number and follow the three-column section. These notes highlight interesting points of grammar and vocabulary.
Book Synopsis Egyptian Arabic Diaries by : Matthew Aldrich
Download or read book Egyptian Arabic Diaries written by Matthew Aldrich and published by . This book was released on 2016-02-16 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of Egyptian Arabic Diaries is to provide intermediate and advanced learners with authentic materials to practice both reading and listening skills in authentic Egyptian Colloquial Arabic (ECA). The twenty texts that appear in this book have been written and recorded by native speakers from around Egypt. The texts have been dubbed diary entries, although they are actually short personal essays that the contributors have chosen to share with learners of their language. Each diary entry appears in various forms to allow you to study the language from a variety of focal points. The unvoweled Arabic text provides realistic reading practice. Although ECA has no official rules of orthography, there are spelling conventions which are widely agreed upon by most Egyptians. Still, there remain differences in personal preferences, especially when it comes to the spelling of conjugated verbs and function words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and pronouns. Some try to preserve the spelling used in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) as much as possible, while others prefer to represent the actual sounds of ECA. Many people tend to be inconsistent even in their own spelling, as they are basically sounding things out as they go. To keep all this a bit neater, Lingualism has adopted a consistent orthography based on the most popular spelling conventions. The English translation stays true to the original Arabic, sentence by sentence, making it easy to find the corresponding translation. The translation can be used to compare similarities and differences between the style and structure of sentences in the two languages. The handwritten text is an invaluable addition to the materials, allowing you to familiarize yourself with natural Arabic handwriting. You can try your best to decipher the handwritten words, and then compare them to their typed counterparts, progressively improving your ability to read handwriting by various individuals. You can also copy (or trace) traits of the handwritten letters to make your own handwriting more natural. The voweled text is found in the left-most column of the three-column in-depth study section. Every effort has been made to provide systematic and accurate voweling (tashkeel). Keep in mind that Arabic script, as it is written by Egyptians, does not always represent the actual sounds. Vowels may be shortened, elided, or even inserted in places. The phonemic transcription allows for close study of the actual pronunciation. Even if you prefer the Arabic script, you will find it well worth your time to familiarize yourself with Lingualism's phonemic transcription system. Using the phonemic transcription allows you to better understand the sound patterns in ECA, thereby improving your own pronunciation. The word-by-word translations act as a glossary. You can easily find the literal meaning of every word without having to search through lists of words. And more than just a glossary, the word-by-word translations give you a better understanding of the grammar and style of Arabic. Try reading these English sentences out loud. They will sound quite strange, but this will help you get used to the logic of Arabic sentences. Notes are referenced with an asterisk under a column's number and follow the three-column section. These notes highlight interesting points of grammar and vocabulary.
