Environmental and social values of river water: Examples from the Menik Ganga, Sri Lanka

Environmental and social values of river water: Examples from the Menik Ganga, Sri Lanka

Author: Priyanka Dissanayake

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2007-11-27

Total Pages: 21

ISBN-13: 929090674X

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Many decisions on water allocation in river basins are made on economic grounds. Environmental and social benefits of water should also be considered in river basin management, and attempts should be made to value them similarly. This is not a straightforward task and very few studies have directly addressed this issue to date. In this paper, the Menik Ganga (River) in southern Sri Lanka is used as a case study to attempt and evaluate the costs and benefits of environmental water allocations, referred to as ‘environmental flows™ (EF). In this study, a broad definition of EF is used: the components of EF evaluated include the requirements of the religious festival, the requirements of the Yala National Park, the requirements of the Pilinnawa Coastal Wetland and the requirements of the Yala Fishery Management Area, off the coast. Almost all estimates are based on use values of EF such as marketed goods and recreation. For some components multiple estimates have been attempted. The religious EF requirement is estimated using the cost of alternative water supplies. The benefits of the EF requirement for the Yala National Park are estimated using the forgone value of tourism in the dry season and the benefits of avoiding the Human-Elephant Conflict. The Additional expenditure for the park in the dry season is also presented as another proxy estimate of the benefits of EF. The Benefit Transfer method was used for the Pilinnawa Wetland and grassland due to data constraints. The market prices of lobster and income of chank divers are used as proxies for the economic benefits of EF to the Yala Fishery Management Area. Finally, the cumulative value of the individual components is presented and discussed. The paper intends to stimulate discussion and further research on the complex subject of valuing the social and environmental benefits of water whether it is in the Menik Ganga, elsewhere in Sri Lanka or elsewhere in the world.


Book Synopsis Environmental and social values of river water: Examples from the Menik Ganga, Sri Lanka by : Priyanka Dissanayake

Download or read book Environmental and social values of river water: Examples from the Menik Ganga, Sri Lanka written by Priyanka Dissanayake and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2007-11-27 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many decisions on water allocation in river basins are made on economic grounds. Environmental and social benefits of water should also be considered in river basin management, and attempts should be made to value them similarly. This is not a straightforward task and very few studies have directly addressed this issue to date. In this paper, the Menik Ganga (River) in southern Sri Lanka is used as a case study to attempt and evaluate the costs and benefits of environmental water allocations, referred to as ‘environmental flows™ (EF). In this study, a broad definition of EF is used: the components of EF evaluated include the requirements of the religious festival, the requirements of the Yala National Park, the requirements of the Pilinnawa Coastal Wetland and the requirements of the Yala Fishery Management Area, off the coast. Almost all estimates are based on use values of EF such as marketed goods and recreation. For some components multiple estimates have been attempted. The religious EF requirement is estimated using the cost of alternative water supplies. The benefits of the EF requirement for the Yala National Park are estimated using the forgone value of tourism in the dry season and the benefits of avoiding the Human-Elephant Conflict. The Additional expenditure for the park in the dry season is also presented as another proxy estimate of the benefits of EF. The Benefit Transfer method was used for the Pilinnawa Wetland and grassland due to data constraints. The market prices of lobster and income of chank divers are used as proxies for the economic benefits of EF to the Yala Fishery Management Area. Finally, the cumulative value of the individual components is presented and discussed. The paper intends to stimulate discussion and further research on the complex subject of valuing the social and environmental benefits of water whether it is in the Menik Ganga, elsewhere in Sri Lanka or elsewhere in the world.

Proceedings of the National Conference on Water, Food Security, and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, June 9-11, 2009. Volume 2. Water quality, environment, and climate change

Proceedings of the National Conference on Water, Food Security, and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, June 9-11, 2009. Volume 2. Water quality, environment, and climate change

Author: Alexandra Evans

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 190

ISBN-13: 9290907223

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Contributed papers presented at the conference organized by International Water Management Institute, Irrigation Dept., Dept. of Agriculture, and Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute.


Book Synopsis Proceedings of the National Conference on Water, Food Security, and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, June 9-11, 2009. Volume 2. Water quality, environment, and climate change by : Alexandra Evans

Download or read book Proceedings of the National Conference on Water, Food Security, and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, June 9-11, 2009. Volume 2. Water quality, environment, and climate change written by Alexandra Evans and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2010 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed papers presented at the conference organized by International Water Management Institute, Irrigation Dept., Dept. of Agriculture, and Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute.

An Economic Analysis of Intersectoral Water Allocation in Southeastern Sri Lanka

An Economic Analysis of Intersectoral Water Allocation in Southeastern Sri Lanka

Author: Sarath Parakrama Weligamage

Publisher:

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis An Economic Analysis of Intersectoral Water Allocation in Southeastern Sri Lanka by : Sarath Parakrama Weligamage

Download or read book An Economic Analysis of Intersectoral Water Allocation in Southeastern Sri Lanka written by Sarath Parakrama Weligamage and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Evaluation of water allocation models

Evaluation of water allocation models

Author: T.M.S.S.S.D. Tennakoon

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of water allocation models by : T.M.S.S.S.D. Tennakoon

Download or read book Evaluation of water allocation models written by T.M.S.S.S.D. Tennakoon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Our National River Ganga

Our National River Ganga

Author: Rashmi Sanghi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-12

Total Pages: 417

ISBN-13: 3319005308

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There is a plethora of information available on the river Ganga in the form of books, blogs, articles, websites, videos. Unfortunately, most of the information about this famous river is in a scattered form and reproduced from unverified sources. This contributed volume is the first multi-author volume publication on this subject. The River Ganga includes a vast array of topics written by several authors of distinction. Topics include; hydrology, tributaries, water uses, and environmental features such as river water quality, aquatic and terrestrial flora/fauna, natural resources, ecological characteristics, sensitive environmental components and more. Part I gives a basic introduction of the Ganga river. The existing data and available information from various sources has been compiled in a pictorial fashion in the form of cmaps. Its cultural importance with changing times is also discussed. Part II looks at the rich biodiversity of the Ganga Basin. It gives a detailed description of the major floral and faunal biodiversity with special emphasis on the national aquatic animal dolphin and Sunderbans, the largest mangrove wetland in the world. Part III examines ‘The Ganga Water as it flows’. It focuses on the water quality as well as its associated challenges. Part IV looks at the complexities of issues confronting the river ‘Ganga in changing times’ be it snowmelt runoff, river bank erosion hazards and hydropower assessments; how the factors of population, poverty and pollution contribute to the fate of the river. Part IV touches on economic aspects derived from the river such as business opportunities and tourism.


Book Synopsis Our National River Ganga by : Rashmi Sanghi

Download or read book Our National River Ganga written by Rashmi Sanghi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a plethora of information available on the river Ganga in the form of books, blogs, articles, websites, videos. Unfortunately, most of the information about this famous river is in a scattered form and reproduced from unverified sources. This contributed volume is the first multi-author volume publication on this subject. The River Ganga includes a vast array of topics written by several authors of distinction. Topics include; hydrology, tributaries, water uses, and environmental features such as river water quality, aquatic and terrestrial flora/fauna, natural resources, ecological characteristics, sensitive environmental components and more. Part I gives a basic introduction of the Ganga river. The existing data and available information from various sources has been compiled in a pictorial fashion in the form of cmaps. Its cultural importance with changing times is also discussed. Part II looks at the rich biodiversity of the Ganga Basin. It gives a detailed description of the major floral and faunal biodiversity with special emphasis on the national aquatic animal dolphin and Sunderbans, the largest mangrove wetland in the world. Part III examines ‘The Ganga Water as it flows’. It focuses on the water quality as well as its associated challenges. Part IV looks at the complexities of issues confronting the river ‘Ganga in changing times’ be it snowmelt runoff, river bank erosion hazards and hydropower assessments; how the factors of population, poverty and pollution contribute to the fate of the river. Part IV touches on economic aspects derived from the river such as business opportunities and tourism.

Ecological Imbalance of the Ganga River System

Ecological Imbalance of the Ganga River System

Author: Parimal Ray

Publisher: Daya Books

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 9788170351955

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The Author Has Further Enlighted How Under Stressed Condition Fish And Other Biological Organisms Are Surviving Which Results A Progressive Decline In Fish Population And Fish Food Organism. The Book Highlites Detailed Information On Various Aspects Of The Past And Present Status Of The Ganga River System Like: High Rate Of Deforestation, Recurring Annual Slit Precipitation Indicated By High Value Of Shape Factor, Reduced Water Holding Capacity Of The River, And Its Tributaries, Low Water Flow And Its Velocity, Shifting Of River Course And Its Tributaries Resulting Information Of Ox-Bow Lakes, Mendor Loops, Dead Arms, Chars, Tals And Ruins Of Settlements, Abstraction Of Water For Agriculture, Industrial And Urban Uses, Nature Of Waste Water Disposed, Pollution Load Their Ratio With Unpolluted Water In Different States, Changes In The Physico-Chemical And Biological Parameters, Metallic And Pesticide Pollution, Bio-Accumulation Of Metals In Aquatic Life Including Fish, Fishing In Shallow Inundated Areas, (Ox-Blow Lakes, Chars Mans Etc.), Status Of Juvenile Fishery In The Total Catch, Fish Seed Resources Its Future, Breeding Grounds, Impact Of Dams And Barrages On Fishery Potential Etc. And Over All Stressed Environment And The Aquatic Life And Finally Conservation And Management Of The River System Under Existing Economic Condition. The Author Has Taken Immense Pains To Provide An Up To Date Information Of The Ganga River System On The Above Aspects In This Book. Contents: Chapter 1: Introduction, Chapter 2: Physiology And Hydrology, Chapter 3: Tributaries And Their Role, Chapter 4: Major Canal Projects In The Ganga Basin, Chapter 5: Irrigation Projects And Abstration Of Water, Chapter 6: Deforestation Vis-A-Vis Soil Erosion, Chapter 7: Sediment Load And Nature Of Soil, Chapter 8: Remnants Of Riverbeds Due To Shifting Of Its Course, Chapter 9: Industrial Wastes: Theie Pollution Load Disposed Into The Ganga, Chapter 10: Ecological Imbalance Of The Ganga, Chapter 11: Impact On Biota Around The Outfall And The Main River: Their Pollution Status, Chapter 12: Limnological Studies: Physico Chemical Characteristics, Biological Characteristics, Chapter 13: Fish And Fisheries: Commercial Catch, Status Of Juvenile Fishery In Commercial Stock, Fishseed Resources, Prospects Of Beel/Mann Fishery, Fish Culture In Fluviatile Waters, Fishing Gear And Their Mode Of Operation, Chapter 14: Tributaries: Their Pollution Problems And Impact On Biomass, Chapter 15: Overall Stressed Environment And Biotic Life, Chapter 16: Environmental Changes Vis-A-Vis Riverine Ecology, Chapter 17: The Ganga And The Bhagirathi - Hooghly: Their Past And Present, Chapter 18: Conservation And Management Of The River System, Chapter 19: Suggestions For Future Investigation, Chapter 20: A World On Gap : A Scientific Study.


Book Synopsis Ecological Imbalance of the Ganga River System by : Parimal Ray

Download or read book Ecological Imbalance of the Ganga River System written by Parimal Ray and published by Daya Books. This book was released on 1998 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Author Has Further Enlighted How Under Stressed Condition Fish And Other Biological Organisms Are Surviving Which Results A Progressive Decline In Fish Population And Fish Food Organism. The Book Highlites Detailed Information On Various Aspects Of The Past And Present Status Of The Ganga River System Like: High Rate Of Deforestation, Recurring Annual Slit Precipitation Indicated By High Value Of Shape Factor, Reduced Water Holding Capacity Of The River, And Its Tributaries, Low Water Flow And Its Velocity, Shifting Of River Course And Its Tributaries Resulting Information Of Ox-Bow Lakes, Mendor Loops, Dead Arms, Chars, Tals And Ruins Of Settlements, Abstraction Of Water For Agriculture, Industrial And Urban Uses, Nature Of Waste Water Disposed, Pollution Load Their Ratio With Unpolluted Water In Different States, Changes In The Physico-Chemical And Biological Parameters, Metallic And Pesticide Pollution, Bio-Accumulation Of Metals In Aquatic Life Including Fish, Fishing In Shallow Inundated Areas, (Ox-Blow Lakes, Chars Mans Etc.), Status Of Juvenile Fishery In The Total Catch, Fish Seed Resources Its Future, Breeding Grounds, Impact Of Dams And Barrages On Fishery Potential Etc. And Over All Stressed Environment And The Aquatic Life And Finally Conservation And Management Of The River System Under Existing Economic Condition. The Author Has Taken Immense Pains To Provide An Up To Date Information Of The Ganga River System On The Above Aspects In This Book. Contents: Chapter 1: Introduction, Chapter 2: Physiology And Hydrology, Chapter 3: Tributaries And Their Role, Chapter 4: Major Canal Projects In The Ganga Basin, Chapter 5: Irrigation Projects And Abstration Of Water, Chapter 6: Deforestation Vis-A-Vis Soil Erosion, Chapter 7: Sediment Load And Nature Of Soil, Chapter 8: Remnants Of Riverbeds Due To Shifting Of Its Course, Chapter 9: Industrial Wastes: Theie Pollution Load Disposed Into The Ganga, Chapter 10: Ecological Imbalance Of The Ganga, Chapter 11: Impact On Biota Around The Outfall And The Main River: Their Pollution Status, Chapter 12: Limnological Studies: Physico Chemical Characteristics, Biological Characteristics, Chapter 13: Fish And Fisheries: Commercial Catch, Status Of Juvenile Fishery In Commercial Stock, Fishseed Resources, Prospects Of Beel/Mann Fishery, Fish Culture In Fluviatile Waters, Fishing Gear And Their Mode Of Operation, Chapter 14: Tributaries: Their Pollution Problems And Impact On Biomass, Chapter 15: Overall Stressed Environment And Biotic Life, Chapter 16: Environmental Changes Vis-A-Vis Riverine Ecology, Chapter 17: The Ganga And The Bhagirathi - Hooghly: Their Past And Present, Chapter 18: Conservation And Management Of The River System, Chapter 19: Suggestions For Future Investigation, Chapter 20: A World On Gap : A Scientific Study.

Small tank cascade systems in the Walawe River Basin

Small tank cascade systems in the Walawe River Basin

Author: P. G. Somaratne

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13: 9290905921

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This report on small tank cascade systems is based on a study conducted on seven tank cascades of the Walawe river basin, one of the three main river basins in the Ruhuna benchmark basins selected by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) for its benchmark basin study.The overall objective of this study is to document the situation of small tank cascade systems in the basin, paying special attention to their evolution under agro-ecological, socio-economic and institutional changes on an unprecedented scale in the country after the introduction of open market economic policies in the 1970s, and thereby to contribute to the existing knowledge on small tank cascades, a key feature of water resources in the Dry zone regions2 of Sri Lanka since time immemorial.


Book Synopsis Small tank cascade systems in the Walawe River Basin by : P. G. Somaratne

Download or read book Small tank cascade systems in the Walawe River Basin written by P. G. Somaratne and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2005 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report on small tank cascade systems is based on a study conducted on seven tank cascades of the Walawe river basin, one of the three main river basins in the Ruhuna benchmark basins selected by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) for its benchmark basin study.The overall objective of this study is to document the situation of small tank cascade systems in the basin, paying special attention to their evolution under agro-ecological, socio-economic and institutional changes on an unprecedented scale in the country after the introduction of open market economic policies in the 1970s, and thereby to contribute to the existing knowledge on small tank cascades, a key feature of water resources in the Dry zone regions2 of Sri Lanka since time immemorial.

Modeling Water Resources Management at the Basin Level

Modeling Water Resources Management at the Basin Level

Author: Ximing Cai

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2006-01-01

Total Pages: 169

ISBN-13: 0896291529

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This report develops an integrated economic-hydrologic river basin model and applies it to the Maipo River Basin in central Chile. Policy simulations based on the modeling framework can serve as a guide for water resource managers and policymakers in designing appropriate water policies and establishing reform priorities for water resource allocation. Alternative analyses undertaken for the Maipo basin-a mature water economy with limited resources and competition for water across all water-using sectors-offer new insights into the changing relationships between irrigation system and basin-level water use efficiencies. They also show how these changing relationships affect farm incomes and environmental impacts. Simulations also provide new results on the role that the trading of water use rights can play in maintaining farm production levels, enhancing farmer incomes, and increasing water use efficiencies.


Book Synopsis Modeling Water Resources Management at the Basin Level by : Ximing Cai

Download or read book Modeling Water Resources Management at the Basin Level written by Ximing Cai and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report develops an integrated economic-hydrologic river basin model and applies it to the Maipo River Basin in central Chile. Policy simulations based on the modeling framework can serve as a guide for water resource managers and policymakers in designing appropriate water policies and establishing reform priorities for water resource allocation. Alternative analyses undertaken for the Maipo basin-a mature water economy with limited resources and competition for water across all water-using sectors-offer new insights into the changing relationships between irrigation system and basin-level water use efficiencies. They also show how these changing relationships affect farm incomes and environmental impacts. Simulations also provide new results on the role that the trading of water use rights can play in maintaining farm production levels, enhancing farmer incomes, and increasing water use efficiencies.

Water Scarcity Variations Within a Country

Water Scarcity Variations Within a Country

Author: Upali Ananda Amarasinghe

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 38

ISBN-13: 929090383X

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Sri Lanka is a country with vast spatial and seasonal variations of water supply and demand. Statistics in the form of aggregated information at national level sometimes mask issues of local water scarcity. But when the same indicators are used at subunit level, a substantial area of the country comes under severe water-scarce conditions. Knowledge of subunit level water scarcities is very important because most of the food requirement of the country at present comes from water-scarce regions and projected additional requirements are also to be met by the same regions.


Book Synopsis Water Scarcity Variations Within a Country by : Upali Ananda Amarasinghe

Download or read book Water Scarcity Variations Within a Country written by Upali Ananda Amarasinghe and published by IWMI. This book was released on 1999 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sri Lanka is a country with vast spatial and seasonal variations of water supply and demand. Statistics in the form of aggregated information at national level sometimes mask issues of local water scarcity. But when the same indicators are used at subunit level, a substantial area of the country comes under severe water-scarce conditions. Knowledge of subunit level water scarcities is very important because most of the food requirement of the country at present comes from water-scarce regions and projected additional requirements are also to be met by the same regions.

GIS for Health and the Environment

GIS for Health and the Environment

Author: Don De Savigny

Publisher: IDRC

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 185

ISBN-13: 0889367663

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GIS for Health and the Environment


Book Synopsis GIS for Health and the Environment by : Don De Savigny

Download or read book GIS for Health and the Environment written by Don De Savigny and published by IDRC. This book was released on 1995 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GIS for Health and the Environment