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Download or read book Evaluation of Phytoremediation for Management of Chlorinated Solvents in Soil and Groundwater written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: Hans F. Stroo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2010-09-10
Total Pages: 807
ISBN-13: 1441914013
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn the late 1970s and early 1980s, our nation began to grapple with the legacy of past disposal practices for toxic chemicals. With the passage in 1980 of the Comprehensive Envir- mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Sup- fund, it became the law of the land to remediate these sites. The U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), the nation’s largest industrial organization, also recognized that it too had a legacy of contaminated sites. Historic operations at Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps facilities, ranges, manufacturing sites, shipyards, and depots had resulted in widespread contamination of soil, groundwater, and sediment. While Superfund began in 1980 to focus on remediation of heavily contaminated sites largely abandoned or neglected by the private sector, the DoD had already initiated its Installation Restoration Program in the mid-1970s. In 1984, the DoD began the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) for contaminated site assessment and remediation. Two years later, the U. S. Congress codified the DERP and directed the Secretary of Defense to carry out a concurrent program of research, development, and demonstration of innovative remediation technologies. As chronicled in the 1994 National Research Council report, “Ranking Hazardous-Waste Sites for Remedial Action,” our early estimates on the cost and suitability of existing techn- ogies for cleaning up contaminated sites were wildly optimistic. Original estimates, in 1980, projected an average Superfund cleanup cost of a mere $3.
Download or read book In Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Plumes written by Hans F. Stroo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-10 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1970s and early 1980s, our nation began to grapple with the legacy of past disposal practices for toxic chemicals. With the passage in 1980 of the Comprehensive Envir- mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Sup- fund, it became the law of the land to remediate these sites. The U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), the nation’s largest industrial organization, also recognized that it too had a legacy of contaminated sites. Historic operations at Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps facilities, ranges, manufacturing sites, shipyards, and depots had resulted in widespread contamination of soil, groundwater, and sediment. While Superfund began in 1980 to focus on remediation of heavily contaminated sites largely abandoned or neglected by the private sector, the DoD had already initiated its Installation Restoration Program in the mid-1970s. In 1984, the DoD began the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) for contaminated site assessment and remediation. Two years later, the U. S. Congress codified the DERP and directed the Secretary of Defense to carry out a concurrent program of research, development, and demonstration of innovative remediation technologies. As chronicled in the 1994 National Research Council report, “Ranking Hazardous-Waste Sites for Remedial Action,” our early estimates on the cost and suitability of existing techn- ogies for cleaning up contaminated sites were wildly optimistic. Original estimates, in 1980, projected an average Superfund cleanup cost of a mere $3.
Download or read book Introduction to Phytoremediation written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 1999-11-21
Total Pages: 301
ISBN-13: 0309065496
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book presents a comprehensive, up-to-date review of technologies for cleaning up contaminants in groundwater and soil. It provides a special focus on three classes of contaminants that have proven very difficult to treat once released to the subsurface: metals, radionuclides, and dense nonaqueous-phase liquids such as chlorinated solvents. Groundwater and Soil Cleanup was commissioned by the Department of Energy (DOE) as part of its program to clean up contamination in the nuclear weapons production complex. In addition to a review of remediation technologies, the book describes new trends in regulation of contaminated sites and assesses DOE's program for developing new subsurface cleanup technologies.
Download or read book Groundwater and Soil Cleanup written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-21 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive, up-to-date review of technologies for cleaning up contaminants in groundwater and soil. It provides a special focus on three classes of contaminants that have proven very difficult to treat once released to the subsurface: metals, radionuclides, and dense nonaqueous-phase liquids such as chlorinated solvents. Groundwater and Soil Cleanup was commissioned by the Department of Energy (DOE) as part of its program to clean up contamination in the nuclear weapons production complex. In addition to a review of remediation technologies, the book describes new trends in regulation of contaminated sites and assesses DOE's program for developing new subsurface cleanup technologies.
Author: Tom Sale
Publisher:
Published: 2008
Total Pages: 38
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis brief document addresses 25 key questions, providing a concise overview of current knowledge regarding the management of subsurface chlorinated solvent releases. Source zone areas are defined and discussed, with summaries of the benefits and limitations of various source characterization and remediation technologies. The document addresses current technical and practical limitations, as well as the changes that have occurred over time at many chlorinated solvent sites. Although the document is meant neither to foster nor discourage source zone treatment, it takes a hard look at the costs and performance of the most commonly used source zone treatment technologies and compares source treatment to alternative containment approaches.
Download or read book Frequently Asked Questions Regarding Management of Chlorinated Solvents in Soils and Groundwater written by Tom Sale and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief document addresses 25 key questions, providing a concise overview of current knowledge regarding the management of subsurface chlorinated solvent releases. Source zone areas are defined and discussed, with summaries of the benefits and limitations of various source characterization and remediation technologies. The document addresses current technical and practical limitations, as well as the changes that have occurred over time at many chlorinated solvent sites. Although the document is meant neither to foster nor discourage source zone treatment, it takes a hard look at the costs and performance of the most commonly used source zone treatment technologies and compares source treatment to alternative containment approaches.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 2000
Total Pages: 145
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHalogenated volatile organic compounds, including chlorinated solvents, are the most frequently-occurring type of soil and groundwater contaminant at Superfund and other hazardous waste sites in the United States. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that, over the next several decades, site owners will spend billions of dollars to clean up these sites. New technologies that are less costly and more effective are needed to accomplish hazardous waste site remediation. As these new and innovative technologies are being developed and used, site managers require information on how they work, their performance to date, and how to evaluate their application at a particular site. This report provides an overview of the fundamentals and field applications of in situ bioremediation to remediate chlorinated solvents in contaminated soil and groundwater. In situ treatment is increasingly being selected to remediate sites because it is usually less expensive, and does not require waste extraction or excavation. In addition, in situ bioremediation is more publicly acceptable than above-ground technologies because it relies on natural processes to treat contaminants. This document presents information at a level of detail intended to familiarize federal and state project managers, permit writers, technology users, and contractors with in situ bioremediation. The report describes how chlorinated solvents are degraded, how to enhance the process by the addition of various materials and chemicals, design configurations, and the typical steps taken to evaluate technology feasibility at a specific site. It also includes a list of technology vendors and nine case studies of field applications. It is important to note that this report cannot be used as the sole basis for determining this technology's applicability to a specific site.
Download or read book Engineered Approaches to In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents: Fundamentals and Field Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Halogenated volatile organic compounds, including chlorinated solvents, are the most frequently-occurring type of soil and groundwater contaminant at Superfund and other hazardous waste sites in the United States. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that, over the next several decades, site owners will spend billions of dollars to clean up these sites. New technologies that are less costly and more effective are needed to accomplish hazardous waste site remediation. As these new and innovative technologies are being developed and used, site managers require information on how they work, their performance to date, and how to evaluate their application at a particular site. This report provides an overview of the fundamentals and field applications of in situ bioremediation to remediate chlorinated solvents in contaminated soil and groundwater. In situ treatment is increasingly being selected to remediate sites because it is usually less expensive, and does not require waste extraction or excavation. In addition, in situ bioremediation is more publicly acceptable than above-ground technologies because it relies on natural processes to treat contaminants. This document presents information at a level of detail intended to familiarize federal and state project managers, permit writers, technology users, and contractors with in situ bioremediation. The report describes how chlorinated solvents are degraded, how to enhance the process by the addition of various materials and chemicals, design configurations, and the typical steps taken to evaluate technology feasibility at a specific site. It also includes a list of technology vendors and nine case studies of field applications. It is important to note that this report cannot be used as the sole basis for determining this technology's applicability to a specific site.
Author: James E. Landmeyer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2011-09-18
Total Pages: 427
ISBN-13: 9400719574
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book provides the reader with the comprehensive view necessary to understand and critically evaluate the design, implementation, and monitoring of phytoremediation at sites characterized by contaminated groundwater. Part I presents the historical foundation of the interaction between plants and groundwater, introduces fundamental groundwater concepts for plant physiologists, and introduces basic plant physiology for hydrogeologists. Part II presents information on how to assess, design, implement, and monitor phytoremediation projects for hydrologic control. Part III presents how plants take up and detoxify a wide range of organic xenobiotics in contaminated groundwater systems, and provides various approaches on how this can be assessed and monitored. Throughout, concepts are emphasized with numerous case studies, illustrations and pertinent literature citations.
Download or read book Introduction to Phytoremediation of Contaminated Groundwater written by James E. Landmeyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-18 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with the comprehensive view necessary to understand and critically evaluate the design, implementation, and monitoring of phytoremediation at sites characterized by contaminated groundwater. Part I presents the historical foundation of the interaction between plants and groundwater, introduces fundamental groundwater concepts for plant physiologists, and introduces basic plant physiology for hydrogeologists. Part II presents information on how to assess, design, implement, and monitor phytoremediation projects for hydrologic control. Part III presents how plants take up and detoxify a wide range of organic xenobiotics in contaminated groundwater systems, and provides various approaches on how this can be assessed and monitored. Throughout, concepts are emphasized with numerous case studies, illustrations and pertinent literature citations.
Author: Steven C. McCutcheon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2004-04-05
Total Pages: 1019
ISBN-13: 0471459321
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPhytormediation is an exciting new method for controlling and cleaning up hazardous wastes using green plants. This book is the first to compile the state of the science and engineering arts in this rapidly advancing field. Phytormediation: Approaches the subject from the perspectives of biochemistry, genetics, toxicology, and pathway analysis. Is written by two of the premier experts in the field.
Download or read book Phytoremediation written by Steven C. McCutcheon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-05 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytormediation is an exciting new method for controlling and cleaning up hazardous wastes using green plants. This book is the first to compile the state of the science and engineering arts in this rapidly advancing field. Phytormediation: Approaches the subject from the perspectives of biochemistry, genetics, toxicology, and pathway analysis. Is written by two of the premier experts in the field.
Author: Judith Nathanail
Publisher: EPP Publications
Published: 2011-11
Total Pages: 610
ISBN-13: 1900995077
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDownload or read book Contaminated Land Management written by Judith Nathanail and published by EPP Publications. This book was released on 2011-11 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2013-02-27
Total Pages: 423
ISBN-13: 0309278139
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAcross the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.
Download or read book Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.
