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Book Synopsis Evaluation of U.S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Evaluation of U.S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Evaluation of U.S. Efforts To Promote Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
Book Synopsis Evaluation of U. S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty by : United States Accounting Office (GAO)
Download or read book Evaluation of U. S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluation of U.S. Efforts To Promote Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
Book Synopsis Evaluation of U.S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Evaluation of U.S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
In August 1980, the second conference of party states to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, usually referred to as the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) will be held to review the operation of the Treaty. Of the 114 countries party to the Treaty in July 1980, five had signed but not yet ratified it. However, 46 countries have neither signed nor ratified the Treaty including nuclear weapon states and advanced and rapidly advancing non-nuclear weapon states. A review was undertaken to determine why these countries have not become party to the NPT and what the United States has done to encourage them to come under the Treaty. The reasons given by nonparty states for not coming under the NPT include: claims that the Treaty discriminates against non-nuclear weapon states; concerns about national security; and suspicions that joining the NPT would adversely affect their peaceful nuclear programs and activities. These countries point out that although non-nuclear weapon states are required to relinquish forever their option to develop or acquire nuclear weapons, NPT parties need only to pursue negotiations in good faith toward nuclear disarmament. The non-nuclear weapon states also claim that the nuclear weapon superpowers have accomplished little toward the disarmament goals of the NPT, and point out that nuclear weapon state parties are not required to place any of their facilities under international safeguards. At the same time, non-nuclear weapon states are required to place all of their facilities and special nuclear materials under the safeguards system of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The United States encourages countries to become party to the NPT through direct and indirect diplomatic initiatives and general incentives. The United States has entered into in agreement with the IAEA to place its peaceful nuclear activities under IAEA safeguards to demonstrate that safeguards would not undermine nuclear programs. It has also established a technical assistance program for parties to the NPT and affirmed its willingness to finance appropriate nuclear projects in countries meeting U.S. nonproliferation requirements.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of U.S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Evaluation of U.S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In August 1980, the second conference of party states to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, usually referred to as the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) will be held to review the operation of the Treaty. Of the 114 countries party to the Treaty in July 1980, five had signed but not yet ratified it. However, 46 countries have neither signed nor ratified the Treaty including nuclear weapon states and advanced and rapidly advancing non-nuclear weapon states. A review was undertaken to determine why these countries have not become party to the NPT and what the United States has done to encourage them to come under the Treaty. The reasons given by nonparty states for not coming under the NPT include: claims that the Treaty discriminates against non-nuclear weapon states; concerns about national security; and suspicions that joining the NPT would adversely affect their peaceful nuclear programs and activities. These countries point out that although non-nuclear weapon states are required to relinquish forever their option to develop or acquire nuclear weapons, NPT parties need only to pursue negotiations in good faith toward nuclear disarmament. The non-nuclear weapon states also claim that the nuclear weapon superpowers have accomplished little toward the disarmament goals of the NPT, and point out that nuclear weapon state parties are not required to place any of their facilities under international safeguards. At the same time, non-nuclear weapon states are required to place all of their facilities and special nuclear materials under the safeguards system of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The United States encourages countries to become party to the NPT through direct and indirect diplomatic initiatives and general incentives. The United States has entered into in agreement with the IAEA to place its peaceful nuclear activities under IAEA safeguards to demonstrate that safeguards would not undermine nuclear programs. It has also established a technical assistance program for parties to the NPT and affirmed its willingness to finance appropriate nuclear projects in countries meeting U.S. nonproliferation requirements.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of U.S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty Summary by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Evaluation of U.S. Efforts to Promote Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty Summary written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
As currently interpreted, it is difficult to see why the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) warrants much support as a nonproliferation convention. Most foreign ministries, including that of Iran and the United States, insist that Article IV of the NPT recognizes the "inalienable right" of all states to develop "peaceful nuclear energy." This includes money-losing activities, such as nuclear fuel reprocessing, which can bring countries to the very brink of acquiring nuclear weapons. If the NPT is intended to ensure that states share peaceful "benefits" of nuclear energy and to prevent the spread of nuclear bomb making technologies, it is difficult to see how it can accomplish either if the interpretation identified above is correct. Some argue, however, that the NPT clearly proscribes proliferation by requiring international nuclear safeguards against military diversions of fissile material. Unfortunately, these procedures, which are required of all non-nuclear weapons state members of the NPT under Article III, are rickety at best. Each chapter of this book is dedicated to clarifying the NPT's key ambiguities, and the chapters are roughly structured to trace the NPT's text, article by article. The analysis set forth here was mostly written or commissioned by the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center. Much more, of course, could have been included in this book. But rather than seeking to be comprehensive, the aim throughout is to provide a guide for both policymakers and security analysts. This guide should assist in navigating the most important debates over how best to read and implement the NPT and, in the process, spotlighting alternative views of the NPT that are sound and supportable. Related products: Treaties in Force: A List of Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States in Force on January 1, 2016 can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/044-000-02684-8 The Warsaw Pact, Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance: Soviet-East European Military Relations in Historical Perspective: Sources and Reassessments can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/041-015-00306-2 Moving Beyond Pretense: Nuclear Power and Nonproliferation can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-000-01098-6
Book Synopsis Reviewing the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) by : Henry D. Sokolski
Download or read book Reviewing the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) written by Henry D. Sokolski and published by Department of the Army. This book was released on 2010 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As currently interpreted, it is difficult to see why the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) warrants much support as a nonproliferation convention. Most foreign ministries, including that of Iran and the United States, insist that Article IV of the NPT recognizes the "inalienable right" of all states to develop "peaceful nuclear energy." This includes money-losing activities, such as nuclear fuel reprocessing, which can bring countries to the very brink of acquiring nuclear weapons. If the NPT is intended to ensure that states share peaceful "benefits" of nuclear energy and to prevent the spread of nuclear bomb making technologies, it is difficult to see how it can accomplish either if the interpretation identified above is correct. Some argue, however, that the NPT clearly proscribes proliferation by requiring international nuclear safeguards against military diversions of fissile material. Unfortunately, these procedures, which are required of all non-nuclear weapons state members of the NPT under Article III, are rickety at best. Each chapter of this book is dedicated to clarifying the NPT's key ambiguities, and the chapters are roughly structured to trace the NPT's text, article by article. The analysis set forth here was mostly written or commissioned by the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center. Much more, of course, could have been included in this book. But rather than seeking to be comprehensive, the aim throughout is to provide a guide for both policymakers and security analysts. This guide should assist in navigating the most important debates over how best to read and implement the NPT and, in the process, spotlighting alternative views of the NPT that are sound and supportable. Related products: Treaties in Force: A List of Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States in Force on January 1, 2016 can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/044-000-02684-8 The Warsaw Pact, Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance: Soviet-East European Military Relations in Historical Perspective: Sources and Reassessments can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/041-015-00306-2 Moving Beyond Pretense: Nuclear Power and Nonproliferation can be found here: https: //bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/008-000-01098-6
Book Synopsis Evaluation of U. S. efforts to promote Non-Proliferation Treaty by :
Download or read book Evaluation of U. S. efforts to promote Non-Proliferation Treaty written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The 1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty is one of the most controversial instruments in international law. This text argues that countries with nuclear weapons misrepresent the Treaty to prevent other states from developing peaceful nuclear energy, holding back nuclear disarmament in the process.
Book Synopsis Interpreting the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty by : Daniel Joyner
Download or read book Interpreting the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty written by Daniel Joyner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-26 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty is one of the most controversial instruments in international law. This text argues that countries with nuclear weapons misrepresent the Treaty to prevent other states from developing peaceful nuclear energy, holding back nuclear disarmament in the process.
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Contents: (1) Intro.: Overview of the NPT; (2) Past NPT Review Conf.: 1995, 2000, 2005; (3) Issues for the 2010 Conf.: Disarmament: New U.S.-Russian START Agreement; U.S. Nuclear Posture Review, Negative Security Assurances; Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty; Fissile Material Cut-Off Negotiations; Non-proliferation and Compliance: Safeguards; Non-compliance; NPT Withdrawal; Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones; Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy; Future of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle; Universality of the Treaty; WMD-Free Zone in the Middle East; (4) Possible Outcomes and Potential Impact; (5) Legislation in the 111th Cong. Append.: (A) Text of the NPT; (B) Resolution on the Middle East (1995); ( C) 13 Practical Steps (2000). Illus.
Book Synopsis 2010 Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference by : Paul K. Kerr
Download or read book 2010 Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference written by Paul K. Kerr and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2018* with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Contents: (1) Intro.: Overview of the NPT; (2) Past NPT Review Conf.: 1995, 2000, 2005; (3) Issues for the 2010 Conf.: Disarmament: New U.S.-Russian START Agreement; U.S. Nuclear Posture Review, Negative Security Assurances; Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty; Fissile Material Cut-Off Negotiations; Non-proliferation and Compliance: Safeguards; Non-compliance; NPT Withdrawal; Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones; Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy; Future of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle; Universality of the Treaty; WMD-Free Zone in the Middle East; (4) Possible Outcomes and Potential Impact; (5) Legislation in the 111th Cong. Append.: (A) Text of the NPT; (B) Resolution on the Middle East (1995); ( C) 13 Practical Steps (2000). Illus.
This volume appears at a time when the prospects for banishing the threat of nuclear annihilation are brighter than at any time since the first atomic device exploded over the desert at Alamogordo. The last few years have seen an ex traordinary change in the climate of East-West relations. The programme of political and economic reform which President Gorbachev initiated in the Soviet Union and which is now spreading throughout most of Eastern Europe has been parallelled by serious efforts to reach agreement on measures for conventional and nuclear disarmament. This has led to new hope that international peace and security can at last be built upon the firm foundation of justice, respect for in ternational law and a determination to approach problems in a spirit of genuine co-operation rather than one of distrust and confrontation. This new climate encourages us in the belief that the obvious common sense of preventing the further spread of nuclear weapons will come to be shared by all nations. At the same time, we have to recognize two very disturbing facts, which imply that there can be no slackening of our efforts to strengthen the non-proliferation regime.
Book Synopsis Nuclear Non-Proliferation by : Michael P. Fry
Download or read book Nuclear Non-Proliferation written by Michael P. Fry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume appears at a time when the prospects for banishing the threat of nuclear annihilation are brighter than at any time since the first atomic device exploded over the desert at Alamogordo. The last few years have seen an ex traordinary change in the climate of East-West relations. The programme of political and economic reform which President Gorbachev initiated in the Soviet Union and which is now spreading throughout most of Eastern Europe has been parallelled by serious efforts to reach agreement on measures for conventional and nuclear disarmament. This has led to new hope that international peace and security can at last be built upon the firm foundation of justice, respect for in ternational law and a determination to approach problems in a spirit of genuine co-operation rather than one of distrust and confrontation. This new climate encourages us in the belief that the obvious common sense of preventing the further spread of nuclear weapons will come to be shared by all nations. At the same time, we have to recognize two very disturbing facts, which imply that there can be no slackening of our efforts to strengthen the non-proliferation regime.
