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Forensic Identification and Criminal Justice

Author: Carole McCartney

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-01-11

Total Pages: 221

ISBN-13: 1134013302

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This book provides an account of the development of forensic identification technologies and the way in which this has impacted upon the legal system. It traces the advent of forensic identification technologies, focusing on fingerprinting and forensic DNA typing, and their growing deployment within the criminal justice system. It also elucidates the ways in which these new technologies are accelerating procedural changes to investigative practices, and shows the ways in which in some areas human rights (such as privacy rights and rights against discrimination) are coming under threat. The use of forensic evidence in criminal investigations and trials is analysed in detail. This book uncovers the way in which this new reliance on forensic technologies has gained a foothold within the criminal justice system, and the risks and dangers that this can pose. The National DNA Database provides a particular focus of attention. The author seeks to move beyond an approach that has seen forensic DNA profiling as error free, situating her analysis within broader risk discourses.

Book Synopsis Forensic Identification and Criminal Justice by : Carole McCartney

Download or read book Forensic Identification and Criminal Justice written by Carole McCartney and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an account of the development of forensic identification technologies and the way in which this has impacted upon the legal system. It traces the advent of forensic identification technologies, focusing on fingerprinting and forensic DNA typing, and their growing deployment within the criminal justice system. It also elucidates the ways in which these new technologies are accelerating procedural changes to investigative practices, and shows the ways in which in some areas human rights (such as privacy rights and rights against discrimination) are coming under threat. The use of forensic evidence in criminal investigations and trials is analysed in detail. This book uncovers the way in which this new reliance on forensic technologies has gained a foothold within the criminal justice system, and the risks and dangers that this can pose. The National DNA Database provides a particular focus of attention. The author seeks to move beyond an approach that has seen forensic DNA profiling as error free, situating her analysis within broader risk discourses.

Forensic Identification

Author: Carole McCartney

Publisher:

Published: 2014-11-15

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 9780415812368

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In just the last 25 years, forensic DNA profiling use has grown exponentially and its spread is now global. In 2009 it secured its place as the standard bearer for forensic sciences, being cast as the 'gold standard' by the august body, the US National Academy of Sciences. With both fingerprinting and DNA profiling securely embedded in both police practice and popular culture, the frontiers of these identification techniques are now pushed ever further in the quest to find the Holy Grail: the perfect crime-fighting tool. In this book, Carole McCartney systematically reviews the law and practice in this field and considers a variety of technological claims, legal reforms, and foreseeable international developments. Content includes: A history of the development of fingerprinting and forensic DNA typing, elucidating the current uses of these forensic identification technologies and legal reforms engendered by their development, proliferation, and increased utilisation, An analysis of the legal developments relating to, and in consequence of, the growing deployment of forensic identification technologies around the world, A discussion of the growth of forensic identity databases and mechanisms for exchanging both crime scene and individual profiles and prints trans-nationally, A critical analysis of the adoption of forensic identification technologies in the criminal justice process, including during police investigations, the trial and post-conviction. This book will be fascinating reading for students of criminology, forensic science and law, as well as those engaged with the criminal justice system and criminal investigation.

Book Synopsis Forensic Identification by : Carole McCartney

Download or read book Forensic Identification written by Carole McCartney and published by . This book was released on 2014-11-15 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In just the last 25 years, forensic DNA profiling use has grown exponentially and its spread is now global. In 2009 it secured its place as the standard bearer for forensic sciences, being cast as the 'gold standard' by the august body, the US National Academy of Sciences. With both fingerprinting and DNA profiling securely embedded in both police practice and popular culture, the frontiers of these identification techniques are now pushed ever further in the quest to find the Holy Grail: the perfect crime-fighting tool. In this book, Carole McCartney systematically reviews the law and practice in this field and considers a variety of technological claims, legal reforms, and foreseeable international developments. Content includes: A history of the development of fingerprinting and forensic DNA typing, elucidating the current uses of these forensic identification technologies and legal reforms engendered by their development, proliferation, and increased utilisation, An analysis of the legal developments relating to, and in consequence of, the growing deployment of forensic identification technologies around the world, A discussion of the growth of forensic identity databases and mechanisms for exchanging both crime scene and individual profiles and prints trans-nationally, A critical analysis of the adoption of forensic identification technologies in the criminal justice process, including during police investigations, the trial and post-conviction. This book will be fascinating reading for students of criminology, forensic science and law, as well as those engaged with the criminal justice system and criminal investigation.

DNA Technology in Forensic Science

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1992-02-01

Total Pages: 199

ISBN-13: 0309045878

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Matching DNA samples from crime scenes and suspects is rapidly becoming a key source of evidence for use in our justice system. DNA Technology in Forensic Science offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions that are emerging as DNA typing becomes more widespread. The volume addresses key issues: Quality and reliability in DNA typing, including the introduction of new technologies, problems of standardization, and approaches to certification. DNA typing in the courtroom, including issues of population genetics, levels of understanding among judges and juries, and admissibility. Societal issues, such as privacy of DNA data, storage of samples and data, and the rights of defendants to quality testing technology. Combining this original volume with the new update-The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence-provides the complete, up-to-date picture of this highly important and visible topic. This volume offers important guidance to anyone working with this emerging law enforcement tool: policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.

Book Synopsis DNA Technology in Forensic Science by : National Research Council

Download or read book DNA Technology in Forensic Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matching DNA samples from crime scenes and suspects is rapidly becoming a key source of evidence for use in our justice system. DNA Technology in Forensic Science offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions that are emerging as DNA typing becomes more widespread. The volume addresses key issues: Quality and reliability in DNA typing, including the introduction of new technologies, problems of standardization, and approaches to certification. DNA typing in the courtroom, including issues of population genetics, levels of understanding among judges and juries, and admissibility. Societal issues, such as privacy of DNA data, storage of samples and data, and the rights of defendants to quality testing technology. Combining this original volume with the new update-The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence-provides the complete, up-to-date picture of this highly important and visible topic. This volume offers important guidance to anyone working with this emerging law enforcement tool: policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.

Handbook of Criminal Investigation

Author: Tim Newburn

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2012-08-21

Total Pages: 738

ISBN-13: 1136308237

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This book provides the most comprehensive and authoritative book yet published on the subject of criminal investigation, a rapidly developing area within the police and other law enforcement agencies, and an important sub discipline within police studies. The subject is rarely out of the headlines, and there is widespread media interest in criminal investigation. Within the police rapid strides are being made in the direction of professionalizing the criminal investigation process, and it has been a particular focus as a means of improving police performance. A number of important reports have been published in the last few years, highlighting the importance of the criminal investigation process not only to the work of the police but to public confidence in this. Each of these reports has identified shortcomings in the way criminal investigations have been conducted, and has made recommendations for improvement . The Handbook of Criminal Investigation provides a rigorous and critical approach to not only the process of criminal investigation, but also the context in which this takes place, the theory underlying it, and the variety of factors which influence approaches to it. It will be an indispensable source of reference for anybody with an interest in, and needing to know about, criminal investigation. Contributors to the book are drawn from both practitioners in the field and academics.

Book Synopsis Handbook of Criminal Investigation by : Tim Newburn

Download or read book Handbook of Criminal Investigation written by Tim Newburn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the most comprehensive and authoritative book yet published on the subject of criminal investigation, a rapidly developing area within the police and other law enforcement agencies, and an important sub discipline within police studies. The subject is rarely out of the headlines, and there is widespread media interest in criminal investigation. Within the police rapid strides are being made in the direction of professionalizing the criminal investigation process, and it has been a particular focus as a means of improving police performance. A number of important reports have been published in the last few years, highlighting the importance of the criminal investigation process not only to the work of the police but to public confidence in this. Each of these reports has identified shortcomings in the way criminal investigations have been conducted, and has made recommendations for improvement . The Handbook of Criminal Investigation provides a rigorous and critical approach to not only the process of criminal investigation, but also the context in which this takes place, the theory underlying it, and the variety of factors which influence approaches to it. It will be an indispensable source of reference for anybody with an interest in, and needing to know about, criminal investigation. Contributors to the book are drawn from both practitioners in the field and academics.

Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals

Author: Jane Moira Taupin

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-07-27

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 143989910X

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The use of DNA profiling in forensic cases has been considered the most innovative technique in forensic science since fingerprinting, yet for those with limited scientific knowledge, understanding DNA enough to utilize it properly can be a daunting task. Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals is designed for nonsc

Book Synopsis Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals by : Jane Moira Taupin

Download or read book Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals written by Jane Moira Taupin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-27 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of DNA profiling in forensic cases has been considered the most innovative technique in forensic science since fingerprinting, yet for those with limited scientific knowledge, understanding DNA enough to utilize it properly can be a daunting task. Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals is designed for nonsc

Inside the Cell

Author: Erin E. Murphy

Publisher: Bold Type Books

Published: 2015-10-06

Total Pages: 400

ISBN-13: 1568584695

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a version less likely to play out on dramatic television shows. In Inside the Cell, Erin Murphy shows how DNA typing can be subject to misuse, mistake, and error, and lead to a police state run amok. Murphy shows the perils of a society in which "stop-and-frisk" becomes "stop-and-spit," or in which police pose undercover to get a DNA sample from your discarded lunch. Already, police can collect DNA when making an arrest, sometimes before charging a person with a crime. The government is building a massive DNA database, stockpiling samples from as much as a third of the male population, and the laws regulating what they can and cannot do with them are weak. Murphy shows how this invites the riskiest kind of genetic surveillance imaginable. Just because DNA testing is good science does not mean that it is foolproof. Faulty forensic science is the number two factor leading to wrongful conviction, and yet we have done little to improve the use of science in criminal justice.

Book Synopsis Inside the Cell by : Erin E. Murphy

Download or read book Inside the Cell written by Erin E. Murphy and published by Bold Type Books. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: a version less likely to play out on dramatic television shows. In Inside the Cell, Erin Murphy shows how DNA typing can be subject to misuse, mistake, and error, and lead to a police state run amok. Murphy shows the perils of a society in which "stop-and-frisk" becomes "stop-and-spit," or in which police pose undercover to get a DNA sample from your discarded lunch. Already, police can collect DNA when making an arrest, sometimes before charging a person with a crime. The government is building a massive DNA database, stockpiling samples from as much as a third of the male population, and the laws regulating what they can and cannot do with them are weak. Murphy shows how this invites the riskiest kind of genetic surveillance imaginable. Just because DNA testing is good science does not mean that it is foolproof. Faulty forensic science is the number two factor leading to wrongful conviction, and yet we have done little to improve the use of science in criminal justice.

Suspect Identities

Author: Simon A. Cole

Publisher:

Published: 2001-05-16

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13:

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Cole excavates the forgotten global history of criminal identification—from photography to exotic anthropometric systems based on measuring body parts, from fingerprinting to DNA typing. He reveals how fingerprinting ultimately won the trust of the public and the law after a long battle against rival identification systems.

Book Synopsis Suspect Identities by : Simon A. Cole

Download or read book Suspect Identities written by Simon A. Cole and published by . This book was released on 2001-05-16 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cole excavates the forgotten global history of criminal identification—from photography to exotic anthropometric systems based on measuring body parts, from fingerprinting to DNA typing. He reveals how fingerprinting ultimately won the trust of the public and the law after a long battle against rival identification systems.

Advances in Forensic Human Identification

Author: Xanthe Mallett

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2014-01-24

Total Pages: 474

ISBN-13: 1439825165

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As forensic human identification receives increased global attention, practitioners, policy makers, and students need an appropriate resource that describes current methods and modalities that have shaped today‘s policies and protocols. A supplemental follow-up to Forensic Human Identification: An Introduction, Advances in Forensic Human Identifica

Book Synopsis Advances in Forensic Human Identification by : Xanthe Mallett

Download or read book Advances in Forensic Human Identification written by Xanthe Mallett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-01-24 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As forensic human identification receives increased global attention, practitioners, policy makers, and students need an appropriate resource that describes current methods and modalities that have shaped today‘s policies and protocols. A supplemental follow-up to Forensic Human Identification: An Introduction, Advances in Forensic Human Identifica

Forensic Gait Analysis

Author: Ivan Birch

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2020-07-07

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 0429761414

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Gait analysis is the systematic study of human walking, using the eye and brain of experienced observers, augmented by instrumentation for measuring body movements, body mechanics, and the activity of the muscles. Since Aristotle’s work on gait analysis more than 2000 years ago, it has become an established clinical science used extensively in the healthcare and rehabilitation fields for diagnosis and treatment. Forensic Gait Analysis details the more recent, and rapidly developing, use of gait analysis in the forensic sciences. The book considers the use of observational gait analysis, based on video recordings, to assist in the process of identification or exclusion. With the increase in use of CCTV and surveillance systems over the last 20 to 30 years, there has been a steady and rapid increase in the use of gait as evidence. Currently, gait analysis is widely used in the UK in criminal investigations, with increasing awareness of its potential use in the US, Europe, and globally. The book details the history of the science, current practices, and of the emergent application to establish best-practice standards that conform to those of other forensic science disciplines. Engagement with the Forensic Science Regulator, and the Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences in the UK, and the International Association for Identification has helped to ensure and enhance the quality assurance of forensic gait analysis. However, there remains a fundamental lack of standardized training and methodology for use in evidentiary and investigative casework. This book fills that void, serving as one of the first to describe the current state of practice, capabilities and limitations, and to outline methods, standards of practice and expectations of the gait analyst as a forensic practitioner. Forensic Gait Analysis reflects current research and forensic practice and will serve as a state-of-the-art guide to the use of gait analysis in the forensic context—for both education and training purposes. It will be a welcome addition to the libraries of professionals in the areas of podiatry, gait analysis, forensic video analysis, law enforcement, and legal practice.

Book Synopsis Forensic Gait Analysis by : Ivan Birch

Download or read book Forensic Gait Analysis written by Ivan Birch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-07 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gait analysis is the systematic study of human walking, using the eye and brain of experienced observers, augmented by instrumentation for measuring body movements, body mechanics, and the activity of the muscles. Since Aristotle’s work on gait analysis more than 2000 years ago, it has become an established clinical science used extensively in the healthcare and rehabilitation fields for diagnosis and treatment. Forensic Gait Analysis details the more recent, and rapidly developing, use of gait analysis in the forensic sciences. The book considers the use of observational gait analysis, based on video recordings, to assist in the process of identification or exclusion. With the increase in use of CCTV and surveillance systems over the last 20 to 30 years, there has been a steady and rapid increase in the use of gait as evidence. Currently, gait analysis is widely used in the UK in criminal investigations, with increasing awareness of its potential use in the US, Europe, and globally. The book details the history of the science, current practices, and of the emergent application to establish best-practice standards that conform to those of other forensic science disciplines. Engagement with the Forensic Science Regulator, and the Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences in the UK, and the International Association for Identification has helped to ensure and enhance the quality assurance of forensic gait analysis. However, there remains a fundamental lack of standardized training and methodology for use in evidentiary and investigative casework. This book fills that void, serving as one of the first to describe the current state of practice, capabilities and limitations, and to outline methods, standards of practice and expectations of the gait analyst as a forensic practitioner. Forensic Gait Analysis reflects current research and forensic practice and will serve as a state-of-the-art guide to the use of gait analysis in the forensic context—for both education and training purposes. It will be a welcome addition to the libraries of professionals in the areas of podiatry, gait analysis, forensic video analysis, law enforcement, and legal practice.