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Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: South East Europe, Balkans, grade: A, University of Flensburg, language: English, abstract: The Treaty of Moundros, which was signed on 30th of October in 1918, formed the starting point of the end of the First World War. The defeated Central Powers, which were consisted by Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria had to accept the stipulations laid down by Entete Powers consisted by France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, United States and Greece, which entered the war in 1916 under the leading of Entete-friend Eleftherios Venizelos. One of the treaties signed after the war was the Treaty of Sevres on 10th of August in1920, which was indisputably concerned as a victory of Greek diplomacy and Venizelos‟ policies. According to Sevres Treaty East Thrace (until the borders of Constantinople) and the islands Imbros (Gökçeada) and Tenedos (Bozcaada) were ceded to Greece while at the area of Smyrna Greece had the ability of administration and the people after five years could decide- via referendum- their union with Greece or not.
Book Synopsis Greek-Turkish Exchange of Population by : Stavroula Chrisdoulaki
Download or read book Greek-Turkish Exchange of Population written by Stavroula Chrisdoulaki and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: South East Europe, Balkans, grade: A, University of Flensburg, language: English, abstract: The Treaty of Moundros, which was signed on 30th of October in 1918, formed the starting point of the end of the First World War. The defeated Central Powers, which were consisted by Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria had to accept the stipulations laid down by Entete Powers consisted by France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, United States and Greece, which entered the war in 1916 under the leading of Entete-friend Eleftherios Venizelos. One of the treaties signed after the war was the Treaty of Sevres on 10th of August in1920, which was indisputably concerned as a victory of Greek diplomacy and Venizelos‟ policies. According to Sevres Treaty East Thrace (until the borders of Constantinople) and the islands Imbros (Gökçeada) and Tenedos (Bozcaada) were ceded to Greece while at the area of Smyrna Greece had the ability of administration and the people after five years could decide- via referendum- their union with Greece or not.
Book Synopsis Greek-Turkish Population Exchange by : Safiye Bilge Temel
Download or read book Greek-Turkish Population Exchange written by Safiye Bilge Temel and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Following the defeat of the Greek Army in 1922 by nationalist Turkish forces, the 1923 Lausanne Convention specified the first internationally ratified compulsory population exchange. It proved to be a watershed in the eastern Mediterranean, having far-reaching ramifications both for the new Turkish Republic, and for Greece which hadto absorb over a million refugees. Known as the Asia Minor Catastrophe by the Greeks, it marked the establishment of the independent nation state for the Turks. The consequences of this event have received surprisingly little attention despite the considerable relevance for the contemporary situation in the Balkans. This volume addresses the challenge of writing history from both sides of the Aegean and provides, for the first time, a forum for multidisciplinary dialogue across national boundaries.
Book Synopsis Crossing the Aegean by : Renée Hirschon
Download or read book Crossing the Aegean written by Renée Hirschon and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2003-05-01 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the defeat of the Greek Army in 1922 by nationalist Turkish forces, the 1923 Lausanne Convention specified the first internationally ratified compulsory population exchange. It proved to be a watershed in the eastern Mediterranean, having far-reaching ramifications both for the new Turkish Republic, and for Greece which hadto absorb over a million refugees. Known as the Asia Minor Catastrophe by the Greeks, it marked the establishment of the independent nation state for the Turks. The consequences of this event have received surprisingly little attention despite the considerable relevance for the contemporary situation in the Balkans. This volume addresses the challenge of writing history from both sides of the Aegean and provides, for the first time, a forum for multidisciplinary dialogue across national boundaries.
It was a massive, yet little-known landmark in modern history: in 1923, after a long war over the future of the Ottoman world, nearly 2 million citizens of Turkey or Greece were moved across the Aegean, expelled from their homes because they were of the 'wrong' religion. Orthodox Christians were deported from Turkey to Greece, Muslims from Greece to Turkey. At the time, world statesmen hailed the transfer as a solution to the problem of minorities who could not coexist. Both governments saw the exchange as a chance to create societies where a single culture prevailed. But how did the people who crossed the Aegean feel about this exercise in ethnic engineering? Bruce Clark's fascinating account of these turbulent events draws on new archival research in Greece and Turkey and interviews with some of the surviving refugees, allowing them to speak for themselves for the first time.
Book Synopsis Twice A Stranger by : Bruce Clark
Download or read book Twice A Stranger written by Bruce Clark and published by Granta Books. This book was released on 2021-11-04 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was a massive, yet little-known landmark in modern history: in 1923, after a long war over the future of the Ottoman world, nearly 2 million citizens of Turkey or Greece were moved across the Aegean, expelled from their homes because they were of the 'wrong' religion. Orthodox Christians were deported from Turkey to Greece, Muslims from Greece to Turkey. At the time, world statesmen hailed the transfer as a solution to the problem of minorities who could not coexist. Both governments saw the exchange as a chance to create societies where a single culture prevailed. But how did the people who crossed the Aegean feel about this exercise in ethnic engineering? Bruce Clark's fascinating account of these turbulent events draws on new archival research in Greece and Turkey and interviews with some of the surviving refugees, allowing them to speak for themselves for the first time.
Book Synopsis Diplomacy and Displacement by : Onur Yildirim
Download or read book Diplomacy and Displacement written by Onur Yildirim and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2006 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Book Synopsis Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations by : League of Nations. Council
Download or read book Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations written by League of Nations. Council and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
In 1923 the Turkish government, under its new leader Kemal Ataturk, signed a renegotiated Balkan Wars treaty with the major powers of the day and Greece. This treaty provided for the forced exchange of 1.3 million Christians from Anatolia to Greece, in return for 30,000 Greek Muslims. The mass migration that ensued was a humanitarian catastrophe - of the 1.3 million Christians relocated it is estimated only 150,000 were successfully integrated into the Greek state. Furthermore, because the treaty was ethnicity-blind, tens of thousands of Muslim Greeks (ethnically and linguistically) were forced into Turkey against their will. Both the Greek and Turkish leadership saw this exchange as crucial to the state-strengthening projects both powers were engaged in after the First World War. Here, Emine Bedlek approaches this enormous shift in national thinking through literary texts - addressing the themes of loss, identity, memory and trauma which both populations experienced. The result is a new understanding of the tensions between religious and ethnic identity in modern Turkey.
Book Synopsis Imagined Communities in Greece and Turkey by : Emine Yesim Bedlek
Download or read book Imagined Communities in Greece and Turkey written by Emine Yesim Bedlek and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-12-03 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1923 the Turkish government, under its new leader Kemal Ataturk, signed a renegotiated Balkan Wars treaty with the major powers of the day and Greece. This treaty provided for the forced exchange of 1.3 million Christians from Anatolia to Greece, in return for 30,000 Greek Muslims. The mass migration that ensued was a humanitarian catastrophe - of the 1.3 million Christians relocated it is estimated only 150,000 were successfully integrated into the Greek state. Furthermore, because the treaty was ethnicity-blind, tens of thousands of Muslim Greeks (ethnically and linguistically) were forced into Turkey against their will. Both the Greek and Turkish leadership saw this exchange as crucial to the state-strengthening projects both powers were engaged in after the First World War. Here, Emine Bedlek approaches this enormous shift in national thinking through literary texts - addressing the themes of loss, identity, memory and trauma which both populations experienced. The result is a new understanding of the tensions between religious and ethnic identity in modern Turkey.
“A Century of Greek-Turkish Relations is an important handbook written by leading authorities from both shores of the Aegean Sea. Greek and Turkish scholars present in a balanced and objective way, as well as in a graspable and meaningful manner, the main periods in which key events brought the two sides into dispute or even conflict. These events, which are integrated in parallel and conflicting national narratives, fuel the historicity of the two national rivals. A century since the end of the Greek-Turkish war, the trauma of the Greek military defeat and the “disaster of the Asia Minor Greeks”, the establishment of the Republic of Turkey and the emblematic Treaty of Lausanne, render this kind of handbook undoubtedly essential. It opens the discussion to the wider audience in a rational and composed way and most importantly, the reader can follow through the pages, the dialogue between Turkish and Greek scholars. A book of this kind was missing from public history.” – Prof. Sia Anagnostopoulou, Panteion University “As an expert on the subject of “minorities” for the past fifty years with a number of publications in Turkish, English, and French, and based on the experts that are participating in the A Century of Greek-Turkish Relations: A Handbook, there is no doubt that this will become an indispensable tool, and above all, an objective account of the Greek-Turkish relations for both experts and the wider public.” – Prof. (emeritus) Baskin Oran, Ankara University “As editors of this important and timely book, Nikos Christofis and Anthony Deriziotis assert that uneducated narratives have perpetuated misunderstandings within Turkish-Greek relations. In their enlightening work, they dismantle these misconceptions, offering a nuanced exploration of the historical and contemporary complexities between the two nations. By featuring insights from leading experts, this book provides a crucial resource for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of Turkish-Greek relations, presenting new historical insights and analytical viewpoints on bilateral relations.” – Prof. Evren Balta, Özyeğin University “A comprehensive and insightful survey of Greek-Turkish relations. A number of distinguished academics have offered their expertise succeeding in the formidable task of touching upon several sensitive issues avoiding stereotypes and easy readings of problems that are burdened by history. A must read for students and experts alike.” – Prof. Sotiris Roussos, University of Peloponnese CONTENTS Preface – Nikos Christofis and Anthony Deriziotis The Uses and Abuses of History in Greece and Turkey – Nikos Christofis and Kerem Öktem The Greek-Turkish War of 1919–1922 – Charalampos Minasidis The 1923 Greco-Turkish Population Exchange: An Assessment of its History and Long Shadow at its Centennial – Aytek Soner Alpan Agreements and Friendship between Greece and Turkey in 1930: Multifaceted Official Nationalist Discourses and Opposing Voices – Anna Vakali Anti-Rum Politics in Turkey, 1923-1946 – Alexandros Lamprou “The State Will Always Pursue You”: A History of Greeks in the Republic of Turkey – Kutay Onayli Muslim Minority of Greece: From Lausanne to the Greek Civil War – Samim Akgönül Greek-Turkish Relations in the Shadow of World War II – Zuhal Mert Uzuner Realpolitik with a Twist: The United States and Greek-Turkish Relations – Ekavi Athanassopoulou Rum Polites in the Context of Turkish-Greek Relations – İlay Romain Örs The Muslim Minority of Western Thrace, 1945-1999: A Strained Saga – Georgios Niarchos The “Troubled Triangle”: Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus, 1940s-1990s – Nikos Christofis Greek-Turkish Relations During the Junta Regime in Greece (1967-1974) – Melek Fırat and Özge Özkoç The Aegean Dispute – Alexis Heraclides Greek-Turkish Relations and Civil Society: Healing the Wounds? – Leonidas Karakatsanis Greek-Turkish Relations: The ‘Helsinki Moment’ in Greece’s Strategy to Turn the EU into A Catalyst for Conflict Resolution – Panayotis J. Tsakonas Greek-Turkish Relations and the Refugee Question – Anthony Deriziotis Reciprocal Minorities in Greece and Turkey: Α Century of Adversity – Konstantinos Tsitselikis Energized Geopolitical Turmoil in the Endangered Eastern Mediterranean: Towards Anthropocene Geopolitics? – Emre İşeri “Hawks and Romantics”: The Role of Media in Turkish-Greek Diplomatic Seesaw – Emre Metin Bilginer “With or Without You”: Turkish-Greek Relations from the Perspective of Securitisation Theory – Başak Alpan The Prospects and Challenges for Cooperation in Cyprus – Ahmet Sözen and Devrim Şahin Greek – Turkish Encounters in the City: Who Meets Who in Kadıköy? – Kerem Öktem Post-script – Anthony Deriziotis and Nikos Christofis
Book Synopsis A Century of Greek–Turkish Relations A Handbook by : Nikos Christofis
Download or read book A Century of Greek–Turkish Relations A Handbook written by Nikos Christofis and published by Transnational Press London. This book was released on 2024-03-02 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A Century of Greek-Turkish Relations is an important handbook written by leading authorities from both shores of the Aegean Sea. Greek and Turkish scholars present in a balanced and objective way, as well as in a graspable and meaningful manner, the main periods in which key events brought the two sides into dispute or even conflict. These events, which are integrated in parallel and conflicting national narratives, fuel the historicity of the two national rivals. A century since the end of the Greek-Turkish war, the trauma of the Greek military defeat and the “disaster of the Asia Minor Greeks”, the establishment of the Republic of Turkey and the emblematic Treaty of Lausanne, render this kind of handbook undoubtedly essential. It opens the discussion to the wider audience in a rational and composed way and most importantly, the reader can follow through the pages, the dialogue between Turkish and Greek scholars. A book of this kind was missing from public history.” – Prof. Sia Anagnostopoulou, Panteion University “As an expert on the subject of “minorities” for the past fifty years with a number of publications in Turkish, English, and French, and based on the experts that are participating in the A Century of Greek-Turkish Relations: A Handbook, there is no doubt that this will become an indispensable tool, and above all, an objective account of the Greek-Turkish relations for both experts and the wider public.” – Prof. (emeritus) Baskin Oran, Ankara University “As editors of this important and timely book, Nikos Christofis and Anthony Deriziotis assert that uneducated narratives have perpetuated misunderstandings within Turkish-Greek relations. In their enlightening work, they dismantle these misconceptions, offering a nuanced exploration of the historical and contemporary complexities between the two nations. By featuring insights from leading experts, this book provides a crucial resource for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of Turkish-Greek relations, presenting new historical insights and analytical viewpoints on bilateral relations.” – Prof. Evren Balta, Özyeğin University “A comprehensive and insightful survey of Greek-Turkish relations. A number of distinguished academics have offered their expertise succeeding in the formidable task of touching upon several sensitive issues avoiding stereotypes and easy readings of problems that are burdened by history. A must read for students and experts alike.” – Prof. Sotiris Roussos, University of Peloponnese CONTENTS Preface – Nikos Christofis and Anthony Deriziotis The Uses and Abuses of History in Greece and Turkey – Nikos Christofis and Kerem Öktem The Greek-Turkish War of 1919–1922 – Charalampos Minasidis The 1923 Greco-Turkish Population Exchange: An Assessment of its History and Long Shadow at its Centennial – Aytek Soner Alpan Agreements and Friendship between Greece and Turkey in 1930: Multifaceted Official Nationalist Discourses and Opposing Voices – Anna Vakali Anti-Rum Politics in Turkey, 1923-1946 – Alexandros Lamprou “The State Will Always Pursue You”: A History of Greeks in the Republic of Turkey – Kutay Onayli Muslim Minority of Greece: From Lausanne to the Greek Civil War – Samim Akgönül Greek-Turkish Relations in the Shadow of World War II – Zuhal Mert Uzuner Realpolitik with a Twist: The United States and Greek-Turkish Relations – Ekavi Athanassopoulou Rum Polites in the Context of Turkish-Greek Relations – İlay Romain Örs The Muslim Minority of Western Thrace, 1945-1999: A Strained Saga – Georgios Niarchos The “Troubled Triangle”: Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus, 1940s-1990s – Nikos Christofis Greek-Turkish Relations During the Junta Regime in Greece (1967-1974) – Melek Fırat and Özge Özkoç The Aegean Dispute – Alexis Heraclides Greek-Turkish Relations and Civil Society: Healing the Wounds? – Leonidas Karakatsanis Greek-Turkish Relations: The ‘Helsinki Moment’ in Greece’s Strategy to Turn the EU into A Catalyst for Conflict Resolution – Panayotis J. Tsakonas Greek-Turkish Relations and the Refugee Question – Anthony Deriziotis Reciprocal Minorities in Greece and Turkey: Α Century of Adversity – Konstantinos Tsitselikis Energized Geopolitical Turmoil in the Endangered Eastern Mediterranean: Towards Anthropocene Geopolitics? – Emre İşeri “Hawks and Romantics”: The Role of Media in Turkish-Greek Diplomatic Seesaw – Emre Metin Bilginer “With or Without You”: Turkish-Greek Relations from the Perspective of Securitisation Theory – Başak Alpan The Prospects and Challenges for Cooperation in Cyprus – Ahmet Sözen and Devrim Şahin Greek – Turkish Encounters in the City: Who Meets Who in Kadıköy? – Kerem Öktem Post-script – Anthony Deriziotis and Nikos Christofis
Drawing upon anthropological studies that document culturally specific ways of perceiving ethic Others in Greece and Cyprus, this book explores the cultural boundaries of the categories ‘Greek’ and ‘Turk’, and compares views on what it means to be one of these ethnic groups or both. The contributors examine the opinions of diverse social groups, such as ordinary middle-class citizens, intellectuals, army officers, children, villagers, refugees from Asia Minor, and Greek-and-Turkisj-Cypriots. They also investigate the local attitudes to international politics and highlight the contextual – as opposed to immutable and essentialist – meaning of evaluations about nations, such as Greece, Turkey and Cyprus, and their citizens. When Greeks think about Turks carefully unpacks the cultural meaning of popular metaphors, stereotypes and versions of history as these are articulated in the context of discussions about the Turks in Greece. It sets the template for understanding how local perceptions of resemblance and difference provide a conceptual framework for defining and negotiating ethnic identity at the local, national and international level. It sheds valuable light on the politics of identity-making and the constitution of nationalism in Greece and Cyprus. This book was previously published as a special issue of South European Society and Politics.
Book Synopsis When Greeks think about Turks by : Dimitrios Theodossopoulos
Download or read book When Greeks think about Turks written by Dimitrios Theodossopoulos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing upon anthropological studies that document culturally specific ways of perceiving ethic Others in Greece and Cyprus, this book explores the cultural boundaries of the categories ‘Greek’ and ‘Turk’, and compares views on what it means to be one of these ethnic groups or both. The contributors examine the opinions of diverse social groups, such as ordinary middle-class citizens, intellectuals, army officers, children, villagers, refugees from Asia Minor, and Greek-and-Turkisj-Cypriots. They also investigate the local attitudes to international politics and highlight the contextual – as opposed to immutable and essentialist – meaning of evaluations about nations, such as Greece, Turkey and Cyprus, and their citizens. When Greeks think about Turks carefully unpacks the cultural meaning of popular metaphors, stereotypes and versions of history as these are articulated in the context of discussions about the Turks in Greece. It sets the template for understanding how local perceptions of resemblance and difference provide a conceptual framework for defining and negotiating ethnic identity at the local, national and international level. It sheds valuable light on the politics of identity-making and the constitution of nationalism in Greece and Cyprus. This book was previously published as a special issue of South European Society and Politics.
The 1923 Greek-Turkish population exchange forcibly relocated one and a half million people: Muslims in Greece were resettled in Turkey, and Greek Orthodox Christians in Turkey were moved to Greece. This landmark event set a legal precedent for population management on the basis of religious or ethnic difference. Similar segregative policies—such as creating walls, partitions, and apartheids—have followed in its wake. Strikingly, the exchange was purportedly enacted as a means to achieve peace. Humanism in Ruins maps the links between liberal discourses on peace and the legacies of this forced migration. Aslı Iğsız weaves together past and present, making visible the effects in Turkey across the ensuing century, of the 1923 exchange. Liberal humanism has responded to segregative policies by calling for coexistence and the acceptance of cultural diversity. Yet, as Iğsız makes clear, liberal humanism itself, with its ahistorical emphasis on a shared humanity, fails to confront an underlying racialized logic. This far-reaching and multilayered cultural history investigates what it means to be human—historically, socially, and politically. It delivers an urgent message about the politics of difference at a time when the reincarnation of fascism in different parts of the world invites citizens to participate in perpetuating a racialized and unequal world.
Book Synopsis Humanism in Ruins by : Aslı Iğsız
Download or read book Humanism in Ruins written by Aslı Iğsız and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1923 Greek-Turkish population exchange forcibly relocated one and a half million people: Muslims in Greece were resettled in Turkey, and Greek Orthodox Christians in Turkey were moved to Greece. This landmark event set a legal precedent for population management on the basis of religious or ethnic difference. Similar segregative policies—such as creating walls, partitions, and apartheids—have followed in its wake. Strikingly, the exchange was purportedly enacted as a means to achieve peace. Humanism in Ruins maps the links between liberal discourses on peace and the legacies of this forced migration. Aslı Iğsız weaves together past and present, making visible the effects in Turkey across the ensuing century, of the 1923 exchange. Liberal humanism has responded to segregative policies by calling for coexistence and the acceptance of cultural diversity. Yet, as Iğsız makes clear, liberal humanism itself, with its ahistorical emphasis on a shared humanity, fails to confront an underlying racialized logic. This far-reaching and multilayered cultural history investigates what it means to be human—historically, socially, and politically. It delivers an urgent message about the politics of difference at a time when the reincarnation of fascism in different parts of the world invites citizens to participate in perpetuating a racialized and unequal world.
