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Green Bond Pricing and Greenwashing Under Asymmetric Information

Author: Jochen M. Schmittmann

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2022-12-09

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13:

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We analyze the corporate green bond market under a rational framework without an innate green preference, using a simple adverse selection model. Firms can use green bonds to signal their green credentials to investors. Transition risk stems from uncertainty over the introduction of carbon pricing. We show that green bonds have a price premium over conventional bonds when there are information asymmetry, transition risk, and it is costly to engage in greenwashing, that is, false or exaggerated claims of being green. The extent of greenwashing in the market is a function of the green bond premium. A swift and gradual implementation of carbon pricing generates a small green bond premium and a low level of greenwashing, while delayed and large carbon pricing has an ambiguous effect on both. The model provides a rich set of policy implications, notably the need for swift action on carbon pricing and strong information disclosures and regulations to ensure the integrity of green bonds.

Book Synopsis Green Bond Pricing and Greenwashing Under Asymmetric Information by : Jochen M. Schmittmann

Download or read book Green Bond Pricing and Greenwashing Under Asymmetric Information written by Jochen M. Schmittmann and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-12-09 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the corporate green bond market under a rational framework without an innate green preference, using a simple adverse selection model. Firms can use green bonds to signal their green credentials to investors. Transition risk stems from uncertainty over the introduction of carbon pricing. We show that green bonds have a price premium over conventional bonds when there are information asymmetry, transition risk, and it is costly to engage in greenwashing, that is, false or exaggerated claims of being green. The extent of greenwashing in the market is a function of the green bond premium. A swift and gradual implementation of carbon pricing generates a small green bond premium and a low level of greenwashing, while delayed and large carbon pricing has an ambiguous effect on both. The model provides a rich set of policy implications, notably the need for swift action on carbon pricing and strong information disclosures and regulations to ensure the integrity of green bonds.

Utilizing Technology for Sustainable Resource Management Solutions

Author: Singh, Kuldeep

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2024-07-18

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13:

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The intersection of technology and sustainability is with a particular focus on the concept of the circular economy. Efficient resource use and waste reduction are paramount concerns in today's world. Utilizing Technology for Sustainable Resource Management Solutions provides a comprehensive overview of how technology can be harnessed to achieve sustainable resource management within the framework of a circular economy. The book delves into various aspects of the circular economy. It explores the principles that underpin it, presents real-world case studies that exemplify its successful implementation, and discusses the role of cutting-edge technology, which is instrumental in driving transformative change. The book advances current research and examines the intricate link between technology and sustainability, centered around the circular economy. It propels readers into the heart of environmental sustainability, presenting a compelling argument for adopting circular economy principles to mitigate resource depletion and environmental degradation. Through insightful case studies and theoretical foundations, readers are empowered to drive environmentally responsible practices in their personal and professional spheres. This book helps business leaders to integrate circular economy principles, reduce waste, and drive innovation, fostering long-term viability and competitiveness. Policymakers find a valuable resource for evidence-based insights into technology's role in sustainable resource management, aiding in developing regulations that balance economic growth with environmental stewardship. In academic and educational circles, the book has become an essential tool.

Book Synopsis Utilizing Technology for Sustainable Resource Management Solutions by : Singh, Kuldeep

Download or read book Utilizing Technology for Sustainable Resource Management Solutions written by Singh, Kuldeep and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-07-18 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intersection of technology and sustainability is with a particular focus on the concept of the circular economy. Efficient resource use and waste reduction are paramount concerns in today's world. Utilizing Technology for Sustainable Resource Management Solutions provides a comprehensive overview of how technology can be harnessed to achieve sustainable resource management within the framework of a circular economy. The book delves into various aspects of the circular economy. It explores the principles that underpin it, presents real-world case studies that exemplify its successful implementation, and discusses the role of cutting-edge technology, which is instrumental in driving transformative change. The book advances current research and examines the intricate link between technology and sustainability, centered around the circular economy. It propels readers into the heart of environmental sustainability, presenting a compelling argument for adopting circular economy principles to mitigate resource depletion and environmental degradation. Through insightful case studies and theoretical foundations, readers are empowered to drive environmentally responsible practices in their personal and professional spheres. This book helps business leaders to integrate circular economy principles, reduce waste, and drive innovation, fostering long-term viability and competitiveness. Policymakers find a valuable resource for evidence-based insights into technology's role in sustainable resource management, aiding in developing regulations that balance economic growth with environmental stewardship. In academic and educational circles, the book has become an essential tool.

How Large is the Sovereign Greenium?

Author: Mr. Sakai Ando

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2023-04-07

Total Pages: 15

ISBN-13:

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This paper assembles a comprehensive sovereign green bond database and estimates the sovereign greenium. The development of green bond markets has been one of the most important financial breakthroughs in the domain of sustainable finance during the last 15 years. A central benefit associated with green bonds has been that they exhibit a positive green premium (greenium), i.e., a lower yield relative to a similar conventional bond. Yet, issuances at the sovereign level have been relatively recent and not well documented in the literature. We find that green bonds are issued at a relatively small premium (4 basis points on average) in Advanced Economies. Yet, importantly, the greenium is growing over time and is considerably larger (11 basis points on average) for Emerging Market Economies.

Book Synopsis How Large is the Sovereign Greenium? by : Mr. Sakai Ando

Download or read book How Large is the Sovereign Greenium? written by Mr. Sakai Ando and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-04-07 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assembles a comprehensive sovereign green bond database and estimates the sovereign greenium. The development of green bond markets has been one of the most important financial breakthroughs in the domain of sustainable finance during the last 15 years. A central benefit associated with green bonds has been that they exhibit a positive green premium (greenium), i.e., a lower yield relative to a similar conventional bond. Yet, issuances at the sovereign level have been relatively recent and not well documented in the literature. We find that green bonds are issued at a relatively small premium (4 basis points on average) in Advanced Economies. Yet, importantly, the greenium is growing over time and is considerably larger (11 basis points on average) for Emerging Market Economies.

ESG and Responsible Institutional Investing Around the World: A Critical Review

Author: Pedro Matos

Publisher: CFA Institute Research Foundation

Published: 2020-05-29

Total Pages: 80

ISBN-13: 1944960988

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This survey examines the vibrant academic literature on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing. While there is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues, responsible investors increasingly assess stocks in their portfolios based on nonfinancial data on environmental impact (e.g., carbon emissions), social impact (e.g., employee satisfaction), and governance attributes (e.g., board structure). The objective is to reduce exposure to investments that pose greater ESG risks or to influence companies to become more sustainable. One active area of research at present involves assessing portfolio risk exposure to climate change. This literature review focuses on institutional investors, which have grown in importance such that they have now become the largest holders of shares in public companies globally. Historically, institutional investors tended to concentrate their ESG efforts mostly on corporate governance (the “G” in ESG). These efforts included seeking to eliminate provisions that restrict shareholder rights and enhance managerial power, such as staggered boards, supermajority rules, golden parachutes, and poison pills. Highlights from this section: · There is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues and their materiality. · The ESG issue that gets the most attention from institutional investors is climate change, in particular their portfolio companies’ exposure to carbon risk and “stranded assets.” · Investors should be positioning themselves for increased regulation, with the regulatory agenda being more ambitious in the European Union than in the United States. Readers might come away from this survey skeptical about the potential for ESG investing to affect positive change. I prefer to characterize the current state of the literature as having a “healthy dose of skepticism,” with much more remaining to be explored. Here, I hope the reader comes away with a call to action. For the industry practitioner, I believe that the investment industry should strive to achieve positive societal goals. CFA Institute provides an exemplary case in its Future of Finance series (www.cfainstitute.org/research/future-finance). For the academic community, I suggest we ramp up research aimed at tackling some of the open questions around the pressing societal goals of ESG investing. I am optimistic that practitioners and academics will identify meaningful ways to better harness the power of global financial markets for addressing the pressing ESG issues facing our society.

Book Synopsis ESG and Responsible Institutional Investing Around the World: A Critical Review by : Pedro Matos

Download or read book ESG and Responsible Institutional Investing Around the World: A Critical Review written by Pedro Matos and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This survey examines the vibrant academic literature on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing. While there is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues, responsible investors increasingly assess stocks in their portfolios based on nonfinancial data on environmental impact (e.g., carbon emissions), social impact (e.g., employee satisfaction), and governance attributes (e.g., board structure). The objective is to reduce exposure to investments that pose greater ESG risks or to influence companies to become more sustainable. One active area of research at present involves assessing portfolio risk exposure to climate change. This literature review focuses on institutional investors, which have grown in importance such that they have now become the largest holders of shares in public companies globally. Historically, institutional investors tended to concentrate their ESG efforts mostly on corporate governance (the “G” in ESG). These efforts included seeking to eliminate provisions that restrict shareholder rights and enhance managerial power, such as staggered boards, supermajority rules, golden parachutes, and poison pills. Highlights from this section: · There is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues and their materiality. · The ESG issue that gets the most attention from institutional investors is climate change, in particular their portfolio companies’ exposure to carbon risk and “stranded assets.” · Investors should be positioning themselves for increased regulation, with the regulatory agenda being more ambitious in the European Union than in the United States. Readers might come away from this survey skeptical about the potential for ESG investing to affect positive change. I prefer to characterize the current state of the literature as having a “healthy dose of skepticism,” with much more remaining to be explored. Here, I hope the reader comes away with a call to action. For the industry practitioner, I believe that the investment industry should strive to achieve positive societal goals. CFA Institute provides an exemplary case in its Future of Finance series (www.cfainstitute.org/research/future-finance). For the academic community, I suggest we ramp up research aimed at tackling some of the open questions around the pressing societal goals of ESG investing. I am optimistic that practitioners and academics will identify meaningful ways to better harness the power of global financial markets for addressing the pressing ESG issues facing our society.

Switzerland

Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2023-06-07

Total Pages: 62

ISBN-13:

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Switzerland: Selected Issues

Book Synopsis Switzerland by : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.

Download or read book Switzerland written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-06-07 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Switzerland: Selected Issues

The Routledge Handbook of Green Finance

Author: Othmar M. Lehner

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-11-08

Total Pages: 615

ISBN-13: 100096616X

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Green finance is heralded in theory and practice as the new panacea – the ideal way to support the green transition of businesses into more sustainable, environmentally responsible forms, by means of incentivized financial investments. This handbook brings together a variety of expert scholars with industry specialists to offer the most authoritative overview of green finance to date, presenting the current situation in the field. It focuses on green finance in a comprehensive way, discussing its characteristics, underlying principles, and mechanisms. The book carefully illuminates the issues surrounding green finance and delineates its boundaries, mapping out and displaying the disparate voices, traditions, and professional communities engaged in green and sustainable finance activities. Specifically, it examines the "environmental" in the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) measurements, while also discussing the interplay between each measurement. It develops a range of analytic approaches to the subject, both appreciative and critical, and synthesizes new theoretical constructs that make better sense of hybrid financial relationships. Furthermore, the handbook illustrates existing best practices and theories, and critically examines the gaps to derive the necessary future research questions. It highlights the essential issues and debates and provides a robust research agenda. As such, it helps to create an effective market for the various green financing instruments through clarification and standardization. This handbook will be the standard reference work for a broad audience, encompassing scholars, researchers, and students but also interested professionals, regulators, and policymakers wishing to orient themselves in a rapidly developing and increasingly topical field.

Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Green Finance by : Othmar M. Lehner

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Green Finance written by Othmar M. Lehner and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-11-08 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Green finance is heralded in theory and practice as the new panacea – the ideal way to support the green transition of businesses into more sustainable, environmentally responsible forms, by means of incentivized financial investments. This handbook brings together a variety of expert scholars with industry specialists to offer the most authoritative overview of green finance to date, presenting the current situation in the field. It focuses on green finance in a comprehensive way, discussing its characteristics, underlying principles, and mechanisms. The book carefully illuminates the issues surrounding green finance and delineates its boundaries, mapping out and displaying the disparate voices, traditions, and professional communities engaged in green and sustainable finance activities. Specifically, it examines the "environmental" in the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) measurements, while also discussing the interplay between each measurement. It develops a range of analytic approaches to the subject, both appreciative and critical, and synthesizes new theoretical constructs that make better sense of hybrid financial relationships. Furthermore, the handbook illustrates existing best practices and theories, and critically examines the gaps to derive the necessary future research questions. It highlights the essential issues and debates and provides a robust research agenda. As such, it helps to create an effective market for the various green financing instruments through clarification and standardization. This handbook will be the standard reference work for a broad audience, encompassing scholars, researchers, and students but also interested professionals, regulators, and policymakers wishing to orient themselves in a rapidly developing and increasingly topical field.

Asymmetric Information and the Market Structure of the Banking Industry

Author: Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 1998-06-01

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13: 145195154X

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The paper analyzes the effects of informational asymmetries on the market structure of the banking industry in a multi-period model of spatial competition. All lenders face uncertainty with regard to borrowers’ creditworthiness, but, in the process of lending, incumbent banks gather proprietary information about their clients, acquiring an advantage over potential entrants. These informational asymmetries are an important determinant of the industry structure and may represent a barrier to entry for new banks. The paper shows that, in contrast with traditional models of horizontal differentiation, the steady-state equilibrium is characterized by a finite number of banks even in the absence of fixed costs.

Book Synopsis Asymmetric Information and the Market Structure of the Banking Industry by : Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia

Download or read book Asymmetric Information and the Market Structure of the Banking Industry written by Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-06-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper analyzes the effects of informational asymmetries on the market structure of the banking industry in a multi-period model of spatial competition. All lenders face uncertainty with regard to borrowers’ creditworthiness, but, in the process of lending, incumbent banks gather proprietary information about their clients, acquiring an advantage over potential entrants. These informational asymmetries are an important determinant of the industry structure and may represent a barrier to entry for new banks. The paper shows that, in contrast with traditional models of horizontal differentiation, the steady-state equilibrium is characterized by a finite number of banks even in the absence of fixed costs.

Research Handbook of Investing in the Triple Bottom Line

Author: Sabri Boubaker

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2018-08-31

Total Pages: 520

ISBN-13: 1788110005

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The triple bottom line is an accounting framework with social, environmental and financial factors. This Handbook examines the nexus between these areas by scrutinising aspects of socially responsible investment, finance and sustainable development, corporate socially responsible banking firms, the stock returns of sustainable firms, green bonds and sustainable financial instruments.

Book Synopsis Research Handbook of Investing in the Triple Bottom Line by : Sabri Boubaker

Download or read book Research Handbook of Investing in the Triple Bottom Line written by Sabri Boubaker and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-31 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The triple bottom line is an accounting framework with social, environmental and financial factors. This Handbook examines the nexus between these areas by scrutinising aspects of socially responsible investment, finance and sustainable development, corporate socially responsible banking firms, the stock returns of sustainable firms, green bonds and sustainable financial instruments.

Liquidity and Asset Prices

Author: Yakov Amihud

Publisher: Now Publishers Inc

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 109

ISBN-13: 1933019123

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Liquidity and Asset Prices reviews the literature that studies the relationship between liquidity and asset prices. The authors review the theoretical literature that predicts how liquidity affects a security's required return and discuss the empirical connection between the two. Liquidity and Asset Prices surveys the theory of liquidity-based asset pricing followed by the empirical evidence. The theory section proceeds from basic models with exogenous holding periods to those that incorporate additional elements of risk and endogenous holding periods. The empirical section reviews the evidence on the liquidity premium for stocks, bonds, and other financial assets.

Book Synopsis Liquidity and Asset Prices by : Yakov Amihud

Download or read book Liquidity and Asset Prices written by Yakov Amihud and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2006 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquidity and Asset Prices reviews the literature that studies the relationship between liquidity and asset prices. The authors review the theoretical literature that predicts how liquidity affects a security's required return and discuss the empirical connection between the two. Liquidity and Asset Prices surveys the theory of liquidity-based asset pricing followed by the empirical evidence. The theory section proceeds from basic models with exogenous holding periods to those that incorporate additional elements of risk and endogenous holding periods. The empirical section reviews the evidence on the liquidity premium for stocks, bonds, and other financial assets.

Macroeconomic and Financial Policies for Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Literature

Author: Signe Krogstrup

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2019-09-04

Total Pages: 58

ISBN-13: 1513511955

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Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of this century. Mitigation requires a large-scale transition to a low-carbon economy. This paper provides an overview of the rapidly growing literature on the role of macroeconomic and financial policy tools in enabling this transition. The literature provides a menu of policy tools for mitigation. A key conclusion is that fiscal tools are first in line and central, but can and may need to be complemented by financial and monetary policy instruments. Some tools and policies raise unanswered questions about policy tool assignment and mandates, which we describe. The literature is scarce, however, on the most effective policy mix and the role of mitigation tools and goals in the overall policy framework.

Book Synopsis Macroeconomic and Financial Policies for Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Literature by : Signe Krogstrup

Download or read book Macroeconomic and Financial Policies for Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Literature written by Signe Krogstrup and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-09-04 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of this century. Mitigation requires a large-scale transition to a low-carbon economy. This paper provides an overview of the rapidly growing literature on the role of macroeconomic and financial policy tools in enabling this transition. The literature provides a menu of policy tools for mitigation. A key conclusion is that fiscal tools are first in line and central, but can and may need to be complemented by financial and monetary policy instruments. Some tools and policies raise unanswered questions about policy tool assignment and mandates, which we describe. The literature is scarce, however, on the most effective policy mix and the role of mitigation tools and goals in the overall policy framework.