The Hidden Structure of Interaction

The Hidden Structure of Interaction

Author: Luigi Anolli

Publisher: IOS Press

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 9781586035099

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The idea of complexity states that most things tend to organize themselves into recurring patterns, even when these patterns are not immediately visible to an external observer. The general name for the scientific field concerned with the behaviour over time of a dynamic system is complexity theory. The dynamic systems - systems capable of changing over time - are the focus of this approach, and its concern is with the predictability of their behaviour. The systems of interest to the complexity theory, under certain conditions, perform in regular, predictable ways; under other conditions they exhibit behaviour in which regularity and predictability is lost. The concepts of stable and unstable behaviour are part of the traditional repertoire of physical science. What is novel is the concept of something in between - chaotic behaviour. For chaos here we refer to systems which display behaviour that, though it has certain regularities, defies prediction. How does the order emerge from the chaos? How can we predict the behaviour of a chaotic system?Over the last 30 years and more, trying to identify the hidden patterns behind chaotic behaviour became the focus of attention in a number of scientific disciplines. These range as widely as astronomy, chemistry, evolutionary biology, geology and psychology.


Book Synopsis The Hidden Structure of Interaction by : Luigi Anolli

Download or read book The Hidden Structure of Interaction written by Luigi Anolli and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of complexity states that most things tend to organize themselves into recurring patterns, even when these patterns are not immediately visible to an external observer. The general name for the scientific field concerned with the behaviour over time of a dynamic system is complexity theory. The dynamic systems - systems capable of changing over time - are the focus of this approach, and its concern is with the predictability of their behaviour. The systems of interest to the complexity theory, under certain conditions, perform in regular, predictable ways; under other conditions they exhibit behaviour in which regularity and predictability is lost. The concepts of stable and unstable behaviour are part of the traditional repertoire of physical science. What is novel is the concept of something in between - chaotic behaviour. For chaos here we refer to systems which display behaviour that, though it has certain regularities, defies prediction. How does the order emerge from the chaos? How can we predict the behaviour of a chaotic system?Over the last 30 years and more, trying to identify the hidden patterns behind chaotic behaviour became the focus of attention in a number of scientific disciplines. These range as widely as astronomy, chemistry, evolutionary biology, geology and psychology.

The Hidden Structure of Violence

The Hidden Structure of Violence

Author: Marc Pilisuk

Publisher: NYU Press

Published: 2015-07-17

Total Pages: 361

ISBN-13: 1583675434

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Acts of violence assume many forms: they may travel by the arc of a guided missile or in the language of an economic policy, and they may leave behind a smoldering village or a starved child. The all-pervasiveness of violence makes it seem like an unavoidable, and ultimately incomprehensible, aspect of the modern world. But, in this detailed and expansive book, Marc Pilisuk and Jen Rountree demonstrate otherwise. Widespread violence, they argue, is in fact an expression of the underlying social order, and whether it is carried out by military forces or by patterns of investment, the aim is to strengthen that order for the benefit of the powerful. The Hidden Structure of Violence marshals vast amounts of evidence to examine the costs of direct violence, including military preparedness and the social reverberations of war, alongside the costs of structural violence, expressed as poverty and chronic illness. It also documents the relatively small number of people and corporations responsible for facilitating the violent status quo, whether by setting the range of permissible discussion or benefiting directly as financiers and manufacturers. The result is a stunning indictment of our violent world and a powerful critique of the ways through which violence is reproduced on a daily basis, whether at the highest levels of the state or in the deepest recesses of the mind.


Book Synopsis The Hidden Structure of Violence by : Marc Pilisuk

Download or read book The Hidden Structure of Violence written by Marc Pilisuk and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acts of violence assume many forms: they may travel by the arc of a guided missile or in the language of an economic policy, and they may leave behind a smoldering village or a starved child. The all-pervasiveness of violence makes it seem like an unavoidable, and ultimately incomprehensible, aspect of the modern world. But, in this detailed and expansive book, Marc Pilisuk and Jen Rountree demonstrate otherwise. Widespread violence, they argue, is in fact an expression of the underlying social order, and whether it is carried out by military forces or by patterns of investment, the aim is to strengthen that order for the benefit of the powerful. The Hidden Structure of Violence marshals vast amounts of evidence to examine the costs of direct violence, including military preparedness and the social reverberations of war, alongside the costs of structural violence, expressed as poverty and chronic illness. It also documents the relatively small number of people and corporations responsible for facilitating the violent status quo, whether by setting the range of permissible discussion or benefiting directly as financiers and manufacturers. The result is a stunning indictment of our violent world and a powerful critique of the ways through which violence is reproduced on a daily basis, whether at the highest levels of the state or in the deepest recesses of the mind.

Hidden Structure

Hidden Structure

Author: David Cope

Publisher: A-R Editions, Inc.

Published: 2009-06-01

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13: 0895796406

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Today's computers provide music theorists with unprecedented opportunities to analyze music more quickly and accurately than ever before. Where analysis once required several weeks or even months to complete¿often replete with human errors, computers now provide the means to accomplish these same analyses in a fraction of the time and with far more accuracy. However, while such computer music analyses represent significant improvements in the field, computational analyses using traditional approaches by themselves do not constitute the true innovations in music theory that computers offer. In Hidden Structure: Music Analysis Using Computers David Cope introduces a series of analytical processes that¿by virtue of their concept and design¿can be better, and in some cases, only accomplished by computer programs, thereby presenting unique opportunities for music theorists to understand more thoroughly the various kinds of music they study.Following the introductory chapter that covers several important premises, Hidden Structure focuses on several unique approaches to music analysis offered by computer programs. While these unique approaches do not represent an all-encompassing and integrated global theory of music analysis, they do represent significantly more than a compilation of loosely related computer program descriptions. For example, Chapter 5 on function in post-tonal music, firmly depends on the scalar foundations presented in chapter 4. Likewise, chapter 7 presents a multi-tiered approach to musical analysis that builds on the material found in all of the preceding chapters. In short, Hidden Structure uniquely offers an integrated view of computer music analysis for today¿s musicians.


Book Synopsis Hidden Structure by : David Cope

Download or read book Hidden Structure written by David Cope and published by A-R Editions, Inc.. This book was released on 2009-06-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's computers provide music theorists with unprecedented opportunities to analyze music more quickly and accurately than ever before. Where analysis once required several weeks or even months to complete¿often replete with human errors, computers now provide the means to accomplish these same analyses in a fraction of the time and with far more accuracy. However, while such computer music analyses represent significant improvements in the field, computational analyses using traditional approaches by themselves do not constitute the true innovations in music theory that computers offer. In Hidden Structure: Music Analysis Using Computers David Cope introduces a series of analytical processes that¿by virtue of their concept and design¿can be better, and in some cases, only accomplished by computer programs, thereby presenting unique opportunities for music theorists to understand more thoroughly the various kinds of music they study.Following the introductory chapter that covers several important premises, Hidden Structure focuses on several unique approaches to music analysis offered by computer programs. While these unique approaches do not represent an all-encompassing and integrated global theory of music analysis, they do represent significantly more than a compilation of loosely related computer program descriptions. For example, Chapter 5 on function in post-tonal music, firmly depends on the scalar foundations presented in chapter 4. Likewise, chapter 7 presents a multi-tiered approach to musical analysis that builds on the material found in all of the preceding chapters. In short, Hidden Structure uniquely offers an integrated view of computer music analysis for today¿s musicians.

The Hidden Structure of Violence

The Hidden Structure of Violence

Author: Marc Pilisuk

Publisher: NYU Press

Published: 2015-07-17

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 1583675426

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Acts of violence assume many forms: they may travel by the arc of a guided missile or in the language of an economic policy, and they may leave behind a smoldering village or a starved child. The all-pervasiveness of violence makes it seem like an unavoidable, and ultimately incomprehensible, aspect of the modern world. But, in this detailed and expansive book, Marc Pilisuk and Jen Rountree demonstrate otherwise. Widespread violence, they argue, is in fact an expression of the underlying social order, and whether it is carried out by military forces or by patterns of investment, the aim is to strengthen that order for the benefit of the powerful. The Hidden Structure of Violence marshals vast amounts of evidence to examine the costs of direct violence, including military preparedness and the social reverberations of war, alongside the costs of structural violence, expressed as poverty and chronic illness. It also documents the relatively small number of people and corporations responsible for facilitating the violent status quo, whether by setting the range of permissible discussion or benefiting directly as financiers and manufacturers. The result is a stunning indictment of our violent world and a powerful critique of the ways through which violence is reproduced on a daily basis, whether at the highest levels of the state or in the deepest recesses of the mind.


Book Synopsis The Hidden Structure of Violence by : Marc Pilisuk

Download or read book The Hidden Structure of Violence written by Marc Pilisuk and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acts of violence assume many forms: they may travel by the arc of a guided missile or in the language of an economic policy, and they may leave behind a smoldering village or a starved child. The all-pervasiveness of violence makes it seem like an unavoidable, and ultimately incomprehensible, aspect of the modern world. But, in this detailed and expansive book, Marc Pilisuk and Jen Rountree demonstrate otherwise. Widespread violence, they argue, is in fact an expression of the underlying social order, and whether it is carried out by military forces or by patterns of investment, the aim is to strengthen that order for the benefit of the powerful. The Hidden Structure of Violence marshals vast amounts of evidence to examine the costs of direct violence, including military preparedness and the social reverberations of war, alongside the costs of structural violence, expressed as poverty and chronic illness. It also documents the relatively small number of people and corporations responsible for facilitating the violent status quo, whether by setting the range of permissible discussion or benefiting directly as financiers and manufacturers. The result is a stunning indictment of our violent world and a powerful critique of the ways through which violence is reproduced on a daily basis, whether at the highest levels of the state or in the deepest recesses of the mind.

Exploiting Hidden Structure in Matrix Computations: Algorithms and Applications

Exploiting Hidden Structure in Matrix Computations: Algorithms and Applications

Author: Michele Benzi

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-01-24

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 3319498878

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Focusing on special matrices and matrices which are in some sense `near’ to structured matrices, this volume covers a broad range of topics of current interest in numerical linear algebra. Exploitation of these less obvious structural properties can be of great importance in the design of efficient numerical methods, for example algorithms for matrices with low-rank block structure, matrices with decay, and structured tensor computations. Applications range from quantum chemistry to queuing theory. Structured matrices arise frequently in applications. Examples include banded and sparse matrices, Toeplitz-type matrices, and matrices with semi-separable or quasi-separable structure, as well as Hamiltonian and symplectic matrices. The associated literature is enormous, and many efficient algorithms have been developed for solving problems involving such matrices. The text arose from a C.I.M.E. course held in Cetraro (Italy) in June 2015 which aimed to present this fast growing field to young researchers, exploiting the expertise of five leading lecturers with different theoretical and application perspectives.


Book Synopsis Exploiting Hidden Structure in Matrix Computations: Algorithms and Applications by : Michele Benzi

Download or read book Exploiting Hidden Structure in Matrix Computations: Algorithms and Applications written by Michele Benzi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-24 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on special matrices and matrices which are in some sense `near’ to structured matrices, this volume covers a broad range of topics of current interest in numerical linear algebra. Exploitation of these less obvious structural properties can be of great importance in the design of efficient numerical methods, for example algorithms for matrices with low-rank block structure, matrices with decay, and structured tensor computations. Applications range from quantum chemistry to queuing theory. Structured matrices arise frequently in applications. Examples include banded and sparse matrices, Toeplitz-type matrices, and matrices with semi-separable or quasi-separable structure, as well as Hamiltonian and symplectic matrices. The associated literature is enormous, and many efficient algorithms have been developed for solving problems involving such matrices. The text arose from a C.I.M.E. course held in Cetraro (Italy) in June 2015 which aimed to present this fast growing field to young researchers, exploiting the expertise of five leading lecturers with different theoretical and application perspectives.

The Routledge Handbook of Linguistic Reference

The Routledge Handbook of Linguistic Reference

Author: Stephen Biggs

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2020-12-23

Total Pages: 601

ISBN-13: 100022676X

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This Handbook offers students and more advanced readers a valuable resource for understanding linguistic reference; the relation between an expression (word, phrase, sentence) and what that expression is about. The volume’s forty-one original chapters, written by many of today’s leading philosophers of language, are organized into ten parts: I Early Descriptive Theories II Causal Theories of Reference III Causal Theories and Cognitive Significance IV Alternate Theories V Two-Dimensional Semantics VI Natural Kind Terms and Rigidity VII The Empty Case VIII Singular (De Re) Thoughts IX Indexicals X Epistemology of Reference Contributions consider what kinds of expressions actually refer (names, general terms, indexicals, empty terms, sentences), what referring expressions refer to, what makes an expression refer to whatever it does, connections between meaning and reference, and how we know facts about reference. Many contributions also develop connections between linguistic reference and issues in metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of science.


Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Linguistic Reference by : Stephen Biggs

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Linguistic Reference written by Stephen Biggs and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-23 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook offers students and more advanced readers a valuable resource for understanding linguistic reference; the relation between an expression (word, phrase, sentence) and what that expression is about. The volume’s forty-one original chapters, written by many of today’s leading philosophers of language, are organized into ten parts: I Early Descriptive Theories II Causal Theories of Reference III Causal Theories and Cognitive Significance IV Alternate Theories V Two-Dimensional Semantics VI Natural Kind Terms and Rigidity VII The Empty Case VIII Singular (De Re) Thoughts IX Indexicals X Epistemology of Reference Contributions consider what kinds of expressions actually refer (names, general terms, indexicals, empty terms, sentences), what referring expressions refer to, what makes an expression refer to whatever it does, connections between meaning and reference, and how we know facts about reference. Many contributions also develop connections between linguistic reference and issues in metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of science.

The Hidden Structure

The Hidden Structure

Author: Paolo Mazzarello

Publisher:

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 460

ISBN-13:

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Camillo Golgi (1843-1926) is widely regarded as one of the founders of modern neuroscience. In 1873, he discovered the black reaction -- a histological stain which proved to be a revolutionary method for studying the structure of the nervous system. To this day, the Golgi stain is widely used. And for every student of medicine or biology, Golgi's name is synonymous with one of the basic structures in the cell: Golgi Apparatus. He discovered the apparatus in 1898 and, as a result, is among the most widely cited biologist in scientific literature. But this was only one of Golgi's many contributions to scientific research. He also devised a system for the classification of neurons on the basis of axonal distribution, identified a type of cell in the cerebellum, and described the malarial cycle in the human. His discoveries were rich with therapeutic implications, and his remarkable achievements earned him a Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1906. Most books of biology or medicine point out that Golgi is one of the giants of 19th Century scientific endeavor, but he continues to remain a relatively unknown figure in the history of neuroscience and cell biology. This long-awaited biography, in a new translation from the Italian, is a fascinating analysis of Golgi's experiments, ideas, and personal life. It is welcomed by anyone who has ever learned about his brilliant discoveries but wondered about Golgi, the person. In fact, all those with an interest in the history of science, and cell biology in particular, as well as those involved in neuroscience, medicine, and biochemistry will benefit from this book.


Book Synopsis The Hidden Structure by : Paolo Mazzarello

Download or read book The Hidden Structure written by Paolo Mazzarello and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Camillo Golgi (1843-1926) is widely regarded as one of the founders of modern neuroscience. In 1873, he discovered the black reaction -- a histological stain which proved to be a revolutionary method for studying the structure of the nervous system. To this day, the Golgi stain is widely used. And for every student of medicine or biology, Golgi's name is synonymous with one of the basic structures in the cell: Golgi Apparatus. He discovered the apparatus in 1898 and, as a result, is among the most widely cited biologist in scientific literature. But this was only one of Golgi's many contributions to scientific research. He also devised a system for the classification of neurons on the basis of axonal distribution, identified a type of cell in the cerebellum, and described the malarial cycle in the human. His discoveries were rich with therapeutic implications, and his remarkable achievements earned him a Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1906. Most books of biology or medicine point out that Golgi is one of the giants of 19th Century scientific endeavor, but he continues to remain a relatively unknown figure in the history of neuroscience and cell biology. This long-awaited biography, in a new translation from the Italian, is a fascinating analysis of Golgi's experiments, ideas, and personal life. It is welcomed by anyone who has ever learned about his brilliant discoveries but wondered about Golgi, the person. In fact, all those with an interest in the history of science, and cell biology in particular, as well as those involved in neuroscience, medicine, and biochemistry will benefit from this book.

Structure As Architecture

Structure As Architecture

Author: Andrew Charleson

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-07-11

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 1317660854

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Structure as Architecture presents a comprehensive analysis of the indispensable role of structure in architecture. An exploration, as well as a celebration, of structure, the book draws on a series of design studies and case study examples to illustrate how structure can be employed to realize a wide range of concepts in contemporary architecture. By examining design principles that relate to both architecture and structural engineering, Andrew Charleson provides new insights into the relationship between both the technical and aesthetic aspects of architecture. Now in its second edition, the text has been extensively revised and updated throughout. Features include: A brand new chapter on hidden structure, adding to the material on exposed structures Two new chapters on using structure to realise common architectural concepts through a combination of precedents and creative design Over 50 new case studies from across the globe Easy-to-understand diagrams and a highly visual design to aid understanding and accessibility More than two hundred case studies of contemporary buildings from countries such as the UK, the US, France, Germany, Spain, Hong Kong, Australia and Japan illustrate how a thorough integration of structure adds layers of richness and enhances the realisation of architectural design concepts.


Book Synopsis Structure As Architecture by : Andrew Charleson

Download or read book Structure As Architecture written by Andrew Charleson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structure as Architecture presents a comprehensive analysis of the indispensable role of structure in architecture. An exploration, as well as a celebration, of structure, the book draws on a series of design studies and case study examples to illustrate how structure can be employed to realize a wide range of concepts in contemporary architecture. By examining design principles that relate to both architecture and structural engineering, Andrew Charleson provides new insights into the relationship between both the technical and aesthetic aspects of architecture. Now in its second edition, the text has been extensively revised and updated throughout. Features include: A brand new chapter on hidden structure, adding to the material on exposed structures Two new chapters on using structure to realise common architectural concepts through a combination of precedents and creative design Over 50 new case studies from across the globe Easy-to-understand diagrams and a highly visual design to aid understanding and accessibility More than two hundred case studies of contemporary buildings from countries such as the UK, the US, France, Germany, Spain, Hong Kong, Australia and Japan illustrate how a thorough integration of structure adds layers of richness and enhances the realisation of architectural design concepts.

Street Commerce

Street Commerce

Author: Andres Sevtsuk

Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press

Published: 2020-06-12

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 0812297083

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A comprehensive analysis of the issues involved in planning for and facilitating successful street commerce Street commerce has gained prominence in urban areas, where demographic shifts such as increasing numbers of single people and childless "empty nesters," along with technological innovations enabling greater flexibility of work locations and hours, have changed how people shop and dine out. Contemporary city dwellers are demanding smaller-scale stores located in public spaces that are accessible on foot or by public transit. At the same time, the emergence of online retail undermines both the dominance and viability of big-box discount businesses and drives brick and mortar stores to focus as much on the experience of shopping as on the goods and services sold. Meanwhile, in many developing countries, the bulk of urban retail activity continues to take place on the street, even as new car-oriented shopping centers are on the rise. In light of such trends, street commerce will play an important role in twenty-first-century cities, particularly in producing far-reaching benefits for the environment and local communities. Although street commerce is deeply intertwined with myriad contemporary urban visions and planning goals—walkability, quality of life, inclusion, equity, and economic resilience—it has rarely been the focus of systematic research and informed practice. In Street Commerce, Andres Sevtsuk presents a comprehensive analysis of the issues involved in implementing successful street commerce. Drawing on economic theory, urban design principles, regulatory policies, and merchant organization models, he conceptualizes key problems and offers innovative solutions. He provides a range of examples from around the world to detail how different cities and communities have bolstered and reinvigorated their street commerce. According to Sevtsuk, successful street commerce can only be achieved when the private sector, urban policy makers, planners, and the public are equipped with the relevant knowledge and tools to plan and regulate it.


Book Synopsis Street Commerce by : Andres Sevtsuk

Download or read book Street Commerce written by Andres Sevtsuk and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2020-06-12 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive analysis of the issues involved in planning for and facilitating successful street commerce Street commerce has gained prominence in urban areas, where demographic shifts such as increasing numbers of single people and childless "empty nesters," along with technological innovations enabling greater flexibility of work locations and hours, have changed how people shop and dine out. Contemporary city dwellers are demanding smaller-scale stores located in public spaces that are accessible on foot or by public transit. At the same time, the emergence of online retail undermines both the dominance and viability of big-box discount businesses and drives brick and mortar stores to focus as much on the experience of shopping as on the goods and services sold. Meanwhile, in many developing countries, the bulk of urban retail activity continues to take place on the street, even as new car-oriented shopping centers are on the rise. In light of such trends, street commerce will play an important role in twenty-first-century cities, particularly in producing far-reaching benefits for the environment and local communities. Although street commerce is deeply intertwined with myriad contemporary urban visions and planning goals—walkability, quality of life, inclusion, equity, and economic resilience—it has rarely been the focus of systematic research and informed practice. In Street Commerce, Andres Sevtsuk presents a comprehensive analysis of the issues involved in implementing successful street commerce. Drawing on economic theory, urban design principles, regulatory policies, and merchant organization models, he conceptualizes key problems and offers innovative solutions. He provides a range of examples from around the world to detail how different cities and communities have bolstered and reinvigorated their street commerce. According to Sevtsuk, successful street commerce can only be achieved when the private sector, urban policy makers, planners, and the public are equipped with the relevant knowledge and tools to plan and regulate it.

Structures in Space

Structures in Space

Author: Bernard Abrams

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 132

ISBN-13: 9781852331658

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Much is yet to be discovered about the fascinating large-scale structures of the universe. Bernard Abrams, former Director of the Deep-Sky section of the British Astronomical Association and Michael Stecker, a celebrated California-based astronomical photographer, explain what we currently know of the near and far universe and present some of the most spectacular astronomical photographs ever taken. The accompanying CD-ROM offers a veritable explosion of hundreds of beautiful color images that illustrate local and distant structures and galaxies.


Book Synopsis Structures in Space by : Bernard Abrams

Download or read book Structures in Space written by Bernard Abrams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much is yet to be discovered about the fascinating large-scale structures of the universe. Bernard Abrams, former Director of the Deep-Sky section of the British Astronomical Association and Michael Stecker, a celebrated California-based astronomical photographer, explain what we currently know of the near and far universe and present some of the most spectacular astronomical photographs ever taken. The accompanying CD-ROM offers a veritable explosion of hundreds of beautiful color images that illustrate local and distant structures and galaxies.