Higher Education Institutions in the Process of Transformation and Modernization

Higher Education Institutions in the Process of Transformation and Modernization

Author: Zbigniew Drozdowicz

Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster

Published: 2019-05

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 3643910584

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This book is dedicated to the problems faced by universities. The author frequently refers to those events from the past that resulted in universities becoming institutions of public benefit. This benefit is of course understood in various ways, but in ways always involving the institutions’ function of serving. What is debatable is whom and what they were and are meant to serve, and how they can and how they should fulfil these functions. Although such questions are global in character, the answers to them can be both global and local, meaning that they may relate to both the most general tasks of universities and to those that might be or are to some degree only performed by institutions of a particular type.


Book Synopsis Higher Education Institutions in the Process of Transformation and Modernization by : Zbigniew Drozdowicz

Download or read book Higher Education Institutions in the Process of Transformation and Modernization written by Zbigniew Drozdowicz and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2019-05 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to the problems faced by universities. The author frequently refers to those events from the past that resulted in universities becoming institutions of public benefit. This benefit is of course understood in various ways, but in ways always involving the institutions’ function of serving. What is debatable is whom and what they were and are meant to serve, and how they can and how they should fulfil these functions. Although such questions are global in character, the answers to them can be both global and local, meaning that they may relate to both the most general tasks of universities and to those that might be or are to some degree only performed by institutions of a particular type.


European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade

European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade

Author: Adrian Curaj

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-11-10

Total Pages: 627

ISBN-13: 3030563162

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This open access book presents the major outcomes of the fourth edition of the Future of Higher Education – Bologna Process Researchers Conference (FOHE-BPRC 4) which was held in January 2020 and which has already established itself as a landmark in the European higher education environment. The conference is part of the official calendar of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) for events that promote and sustain the development of EHEA. The conference provides a unique forum for dialogue between researchers, experts and policy makers in the field of higher education, all of which is documented in this proceedings volume. The book focuses on the following five sub-themes: - Furthering the Internationalization of Higher Education: Particular - Challenges in the EHEA - Access and Success for Every Learner in Higher Education - Advancing Learning and Teaching in the EHEA: Innovation and Links With Research - The Future of the EHEA - Principles, Challenges and Ways Forward - Bologna Process in the Global Higher Education Arena. Going Digital? While acknowledging the efforts and achievements so far at EHEA level, the Paris Ministerial Communiqué highlights the need to intensify crossdisciplinary and cross-border cooperation. One of the ways to achieve this objective is to develop more efficient peer-learning activities, involving policymakers and other stakeholders from as many member states as possible for which this book provides a platform. It acknowledges the importance of a continued dialogue between researchers and decisionmakers and benefits from the experience already acquired, this way enabling the higher education community to bring its input into the 2020. European Higher Education Area (EHEA) priorities for 2020 onwards. European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade marks 21 years of Bologna Process and 10 years of EHEA and brings together an unique collection of contributions that not only reflect on all that has been achieved in these years, but more importantly, shape directions for the future. This book is published under an open access CC BY license.


Book Synopsis European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade by : Adrian Curaj

Download or read book European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade written by Adrian Curaj and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-10 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents the major outcomes of the fourth edition of the Future of Higher Education – Bologna Process Researchers Conference (FOHE-BPRC 4) which was held in January 2020 and which has already established itself as a landmark in the European higher education environment. The conference is part of the official calendar of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) for events that promote and sustain the development of EHEA. The conference provides a unique forum for dialogue between researchers, experts and policy makers in the field of higher education, all of which is documented in this proceedings volume. The book focuses on the following five sub-themes: - Furthering the Internationalization of Higher Education: Particular - Challenges in the EHEA - Access and Success for Every Learner in Higher Education - Advancing Learning and Teaching in the EHEA: Innovation and Links With Research - The Future of the EHEA - Principles, Challenges and Ways Forward - Bologna Process in the Global Higher Education Arena. Going Digital? While acknowledging the efforts and achievements so far at EHEA level, the Paris Ministerial Communiqué highlights the need to intensify crossdisciplinary and cross-border cooperation. One of the ways to achieve this objective is to develop more efficient peer-learning activities, involving policymakers and other stakeholders from as many member states as possible for which this book provides a platform. It acknowledges the importance of a continued dialogue between researchers and decisionmakers and benefits from the experience already acquired, this way enabling the higher education community to bring its input into the 2020. European Higher Education Area (EHEA) priorities for 2020 onwards. European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade marks 21 years of Bologna Process and 10 years of EHEA and brings together an unique collection of contributions that not only reflect on all that has been achieved in these years, but more importantly, shape directions for the future. This book is published under an open access CC BY license.


The Transformation of Global Higher Education, 1945-2015

The Transformation of Global Higher Education, 1945-2015

Author: Paul Tiyambe Zeleza

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-09-01

Total Pages: 397

ISBN-13: 1137528699

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This book explores some of the major forces and changes in higher education across the world between 1945 and 2015. This includes the explosions of higher education institutions and enrollments, a development captured by the notion of massification. There were also profound shifts in the financing and economic role of higher education reflected in the processes of privatization of universities and curricula realignments to meet the shifting demands of the economy. Moreover, the systems of knowledge production, organization, dissemination, and consumption, as well as the disciplinary architecture of knowledge underwent significant changes. Internationalization emerged as one of the defining features of higher education, which engendered new modes, rationales, and practices of collaboration, competition, comparison, and commercialization. External and internal pressures for accountability and higher education’s value proposition intensified, which fuelled struggles over access, affordability, relevance, and outcomes that found expression in the quality assurance movement.


Book Synopsis The Transformation of Global Higher Education, 1945-2015 by : Paul Tiyambe Zeleza

Download or read book The Transformation of Global Higher Education, 1945-2015 written by Paul Tiyambe Zeleza and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores some of the major forces and changes in higher education across the world between 1945 and 2015. This includes the explosions of higher education institutions and enrollments, a development captured by the notion of massification. There were also profound shifts in the financing and economic role of higher education reflected in the processes of privatization of universities and curricula realignments to meet the shifting demands of the economy. Moreover, the systems of knowledge production, organization, dissemination, and consumption, as well as the disciplinary architecture of knowledge underwent significant changes. Internationalization emerged as one of the defining features of higher education, which engendered new modes, rationales, and practices of collaboration, competition, comparison, and commercialization. External and internal pressures for accountability and higher education’s value proposition intensified, which fuelled struggles over access, affordability, relevance, and outcomes that found expression in the quality assurance movement.


The Dynamics of Change in Higher Education

The Dynamics of Change in Higher Education

Author: Svein Kyvik

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-12-25

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1402092482

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In most Western European countries, higher education has to an increasing extent been developing outside universities, partly through the establishment of new ins- tutions, and partly through the upgrading of professional and vocational schools into higher education colleges. The main trend in countries with a binary system has been that student numbers have increased more in the college sector than in the university sector. Yet, there is a shortage of in-depth studies on the changes that have taken place in this part of the educational system, and on the processes that have driven this development. The aim of this book is to improve our understanding of these processes, through developing concepts and theoretical perspectives which might offer new insights of complex phenomena. This book is based upon a large number of studies on college education in Norway and in other Western European countries. I have studied change processes in this field over a period stretching back to the late 1970s (Kyvik 1981), and this book synthesises my former publications, as well as updates the development until August 2008, and presents new analyses based on my gradual attainment of deeper insight into the processes that have taken place.


Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Change in Higher Education by : Svein Kyvik

Download or read book The Dynamics of Change in Higher Education written by Svein Kyvik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-25 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most Western European countries, higher education has to an increasing extent been developing outside universities, partly through the establishment of new ins- tutions, and partly through the upgrading of professional and vocational schools into higher education colleges. The main trend in countries with a binary system has been that student numbers have increased more in the college sector than in the university sector. Yet, there is a shortage of in-depth studies on the changes that have taken place in this part of the educational system, and on the processes that have driven this development. The aim of this book is to improve our understanding of these processes, through developing concepts and theoretical perspectives which might offer new insights of complex phenomena. This book is based upon a large number of studies on college education in Norway and in other Western European countries. I have studied change processes in this field over a period stretching back to the late 1970s (Kyvik 1981), and this book synthesises my former publications, as well as updates the development until August 2008, and presents new analyses based on my gradual attainment of deeper insight into the processes that have taken place.


Transformation of the University

Transformation of the University

Author: Søren S.E. Bengtsen

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2022-04-25

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 1000571378

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Transformation of the University imagines preferable futures for the university, building hope for the institution’s necessary transformation. It transcends old criticisms and presents fresh ideas on how the institution might be conceived, organised and put into practice while safeguarding that which makes it a university – the pursuit of knowledge. This book is divided into three main parts: Part One – ‘Knowledge’ assumes the role of the university in generating knowledge for the benefit of society; Part Two – ‘Cultural Growth’ expands on how the university might contribute to and benefit from the cultural growth of society, with both explicit and implicit connections to social and epistemic (in)justice; and Part Three – ‘Institutions’ focuses on imaginative processes for enacting the university as an institution that meets the unforeseen future challenges facing societies around the world. With contributions from scholars across the world, Transformation of the University is an essential read for all academics, practitioners, institutional leaders and broad social thinkers who are concerned with the future of the university and its contributions to society.


Book Synopsis Transformation of the University by : Søren S.E. Bengtsen

Download or read book Transformation of the University written by Søren S.E. Bengtsen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-25 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transformation of the University imagines preferable futures for the university, building hope for the institution’s necessary transformation. It transcends old criticisms and presents fresh ideas on how the institution might be conceived, organised and put into practice while safeguarding that which makes it a university – the pursuit of knowledge. This book is divided into three main parts: Part One – ‘Knowledge’ assumes the role of the university in generating knowledge for the benefit of society; Part Two – ‘Cultural Growth’ expands on how the university might contribute to and benefit from the cultural growth of society, with both explicit and implicit connections to social and epistemic (in)justice; and Part Three – ‘Institutions’ focuses on imaginative processes for enacting the university as an institution that meets the unforeseen future challenges facing societies around the world. With contributions from scholars across the world, Transformation of the University is an essential read for all academics, practitioners, institutional leaders and broad social thinkers who are concerned with the future of the university and its contributions to society.


Transformational Change in Higher Education

Transformational Change in Higher Education

Author: Madeleine d'Ambrosio

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 141

ISBN-13: 1847208592

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This is a compelling and important text that presents both the complexity and the barriers confronting higher education in this global moment. Solutions will prize innovation, resilient leadership unifying diverse campus subcultures, and most certainly intellectual and academic integrity. This text begins to outline the new agenda. Richard Guarasci, Wagner College, US In Transformational Change in Higher Education, the TIAA-CREF Institute has brought together some of today s best minds to address the issues that every educational leader and policy maker should be thinking about. The topics range from financing to competition to financial aid to costs and pricing to faculty turnover to accountability to the roles presidents and boards must play. Lessons in transformation are provided by respected leaders from all segments of higher education. George R. Boggs, American Association of Community Colleges, US This is essential reading for everyone who cares about the future of higher education and is a priceless reference for those who are its leaders. The conversations not only cover each issue from a national perspective but also consider the specific strategies that have been employed by individual institutions to address it. Thus the volume is at the same time both reflective and practical. Sharon P. Smith, University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg, US This volume delves into the financing of institutional operations with entrepreneurial leaders and is a useful addition to any university administrator s reading list if they are struggling with modern financial challenges. David W. Pershing, University of Utah, US The volume, part of the TIAA-CREF Institute Series on Higher Education, is based on a national conference, Transformational Change in Higher Education: Positioning Your Institution for Future Success, which was convened by the TIAA-CREF Institute in November 2006. This unique volume discusses the management of transformational change in higher education as a key element of success. With input from researchers, presidents, provosts, and other senior leaders of the higher education community, this edited volume explores transformational change in a range of institutions from small teaching and community colleges to large comprehensive research universities. The role of entrepreneurial leaders and their interactions with trustees, policymakers and the public, are discussed, as are strategic issues such as financing college and university operations and student access, as related to pricing. The editors maintain that managing change in these areas impacts both an institution s balance sheet and ultimate success in realizing its vision. In this book, higher education presidents, chancellors, provosts, CFOs and governing boards will find new and actionable information to enhance decision-making and inform strategic planning. Association leadership will be provided with a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by their membership and possible responses. Researchers and practitioners in education, public policy, business, management and entrepreneurship interested in the business of higher education will find much of value.


Book Synopsis Transformational Change in Higher Education by : Madeleine d'Ambrosio

Download or read book Transformational Change in Higher Education written by Madeleine d'Ambrosio and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a compelling and important text that presents both the complexity and the barriers confronting higher education in this global moment. Solutions will prize innovation, resilient leadership unifying diverse campus subcultures, and most certainly intellectual and academic integrity. This text begins to outline the new agenda. Richard Guarasci, Wagner College, US In Transformational Change in Higher Education, the TIAA-CREF Institute has brought together some of today s best minds to address the issues that every educational leader and policy maker should be thinking about. The topics range from financing to competition to financial aid to costs and pricing to faculty turnover to accountability to the roles presidents and boards must play. Lessons in transformation are provided by respected leaders from all segments of higher education. George R. Boggs, American Association of Community Colleges, US This is essential reading for everyone who cares about the future of higher education and is a priceless reference for those who are its leaders. The conversations not only cover each issue from a national perspective but also consider the specific strategies that have been employed by individual institutions to address it. Thus the volume is at the same time both reflective and practical. Sharon P. Smith, University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg, US This volume delves into the financing of institutional operations with entrepreneurial leaders and is a useful addition to any university administrator s reading list if they are struggling with modern financial challenges. David W. Pershing, University of Utah, US The volume, part of the TIAA-CREF Institute Series on Higher Education, is based on a national conference, Transformational Change in Higher Education: Positioning Your Institution for Future Success, which was convened by the TIAA-CREF Institute in November 2006. This unique volume discusses the management of transformational change in higher education as a key element of success. With input from researchers, presidents, provosts, and other senior leaders of the higher education community, this edited volume explores transformational change in a range of institutions from small teaching and community colleges to large comprehensive research universities. The role of entrepreneurial leaders and their interactions with trustees, policymakers and the public, are discussed, as are strategic issues such as financing college and university operations and student access, as related to pricing. The editors maintain that managing change in these areas impacts both an institution s balance sheet and ultimate success in realizing its vision. In this book, higher education presidents, chancellors, provosts, CFOs and governing boards will find new and actionable information to enhance decision-making and inform strategic planning. Association leadership will be provided with a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by their membership and possible responses. Researchers and practitioners in education, public policy, business, management and entrepreneurship interested in the business of higher education will find much of value.


The Leading World’s Most Innovative Universities

The Leading World’s Most Innovative Universities

Author: Abdulrahman Obaid AI-Youbi

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-01-28

Total Pages: 115

ISBN-13: 303059694X

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This open access book is unique in its contents. No other title in the book market has tackled this important subject. It introduces innovation as a way of practice for world-class universities. It, then, discusses the criteria for being innovative in the academic world. The book selects some of the top innovative world-class universities to study the factors that qualified them to be innovative, so that any other university can follow their steps to become innovative. The final chapter of the book presents some recommendations in this regard.


Book Synopsis The Leading World’s Most Innovative Universities by : Abdulrahman Obaid AI-Youbi

Download or read book The Leading World’s Most Innovative Universities written by Abdulrahman Obaid AI-Youbi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-28 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is unique in its contents. No other title in the book market has tackled this important subject. It introduces innovation as a way of practice for world-class universities. It, then, discusses the criteria for being innovative in the academic world. The book selects some of the top innovative world-class universities to study the factors that qualified them to be innovative, so that any other university can follow their steps to become innovative. The final chapter of the book presents some recommendations in this regard.


The Worldwide Transformation of Higher Education

The Worldwide Transformation of Higher Education

Author: David P. Baker

Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing

Published: 2008-05-19

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 1849505438

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Enrollment in institutions of higher education around the world is growing. Some scholars have suggested that one reason for this expansion is that the role of higher education has shifted over the last 50 years from an elite to a mass institution. This book discusses the worldwide transformation of higher education from multiple perspectives.


Book Synopsis The Worldwide Transformation of Higher Education by : David P. Baker

Download or read book The Worldwide Transformation of Higher Education written by David P. Baker and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2008-05-19 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enrollment in institutions of higher education around the world is growing. Some scholars have suggested that one reason for this expansion is that the role of higher education has shifted over the last 50 years from an elite to a mass institution. This book discusses the worldwide transformation of higher education from multiple perspectives.


The Shaping of American Higher Education

The Shaping of American Higher Education

Author: Arthur M. Cohen

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2009-12-09

Total Pages: 661

ISBN-13: 0470480068

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THE SHAPING OF AMERICAN HIGHER EDUCATION SECOND EDITION When the first edition of The Shaping of American Higher Education was published it was lauded for its historical perspective and in-depth coverage of current events that provided an authoritative, comprehensive account of??the history of higher education in the United States. As in the first edition, this book tracks trends and important issues in eight key areas: student access, faculty professionalization, curricular expansion, institutional growth, governance, finance, research, and outcomes. Thoroughly revised and updated, the volume is filled with critical new data; recent information from specialized sources on faculty, student admissions, and management practices; and an entirely new section that explores privatization, corporatization, and accountability from the mid-1990s to the present. This second edition also includes end-of-chapter questions for guidance, reflection, and study.???? "Cohen and Kisker do the nation's colleges and universities a much needed service by authoring this volume. The highly regarded histories of American higher education have become badly dated. They ignore the last quarter century when American higher education was transformed. This volume provides comprehensive information on that era." — Art Levine, president, Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation, and author, When Hope and Fear Collide: A Portrait of Today's College Student "The second edition of The Shaping of American Higher Education is a treasure trove of information and insight. Cohen and Kisker provide us with astute and straightforward analysis and commentary on our past, present, and likely future. This book is invaluable to those seeking to go to the heart of the issues and challenges confronting higher education." — Judith S. Eaton, president, Council for Higher Education Accreditation "Arthur Cohen and his collaborator have now updated his superb history of American higher education. It remains masterful, authoritative, comprehensive, and incisive, and guarantees that this work will stand as the classic required resource for all who want to understand where higher education came from and where it is going. The new material gives a wise and nuanced perspective on the current crisis-driven transformations of the higher education industry." — John Lombardi, president, Louisiana State University System "The Shaping of American Higher Education is distinguished by its systematic approach, comprehensive coverage, and extensive treatment of the modern era, including the first years of the twenty-first century. In this second edition, Arthur Cohen??and Carrie Kisker are??especially adept at bringing historical perspective and a balanced viewpoint to controversial issues of the current era." — Roger L. Geiger, distinguished professor, The Pennsylvania State University, and author, Knowledge and Money


Book Synopsis The Shaping of American Higher Education by : Arthur M. Cohen

Download or read book The Shaping of American Higher Education written by Arthur M. Cohen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-09 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE SHAPING OF AMERICAN HIGHER EDUCATION SECOND EDITION When the first edition of The Shaping of American Higher Education was published it was lauded for its historical perspective and in-depth coverage of current events that provided an authoritative, comprehensive account of??the history of higher education in the United States. As in the first edition, this book tracks trends and important issues in eight key areas: student access, faculty professionalization, curricular expansion, institutional growth, governance, finance, research, and outcomes. Thoroughly revised and updated, the volume is filled with critical new data; recent information from specialized sources on faculty, student admissions, and management practices; and an entirely new section that explores privatization, corporatization, and accountability from the mid-1990s to the present. This second edition also includes end-of-chapter questions for guidance, reflection, and study.???? "Cohen and Kisker do the nation's colleges and universities a much needed service by authoring this volume. The highly regarded histories of American higher education have become badly dated. They ignore the last quarter century when American higher education was transformed. This volume provides comprehensive information on that era." — Art Levine, president, Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation, and author, When Hope and Fear Collide: A Portrait of Today's College Student "The second edition of The Shaping of American Higher Education is a treasure trove of information and insight. Cohen and Kisker provide us with astute and straightforward analysis and commentary on our past, present, and likely future. This book is invaluable to those seeking to go to the heart of the issues and challenges confronting higher education." — Judith S. Eaton, president, Council for Higher Education Accreditation "Arthur Cohen and his collaborator have now updated his superb history of American higher education. It remains masterful, authoritative, comprehensive, and incisive, and guarantees that this work will stand as the classic required resource for all who want to understand where higher education came from and where it is going. The new material gives a wise and nuanced perspective on the current crisis-driven transformations of the higher education industry." — John Lombardi, president, Louisiana State University System "The Shaping of American Higher Education is distinguished by its systematic approach, comprehensive coverage, and extensive treatment of the modern era, including the first years of the twenty-first century. In this second edition, Arthur Cohen??and Carrie Kisker are??especially adept at bringing historical perspective and a balanced viewpoint to controversial issues of the current era." — Roger L. Geiger, distinguished professor, The Pennsylvania State University, and author, Knowledge and Money


Expansion And Structural Change

Expansion And Structural Change

Author: Paul Windolf

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-03-05

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 0429980280

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As a central institution that ensures equality of opportunity and social justice, the university is the most important channel of social mobility in modern societies. Over the past century, universities have assumed an important role in the political and cultural emancipation of women, minorities, and the lower socioeconomic classes. This expansion in educational institutions was not an isolated event in the years after the World War II, but rather a phase in a longer, secular process of modernization which started in the late nineteenth century and continues up to the present day.Expansion and Structural Change explores this development, focusing on the social background of students and the institutional transformation of higher education in several countries. Who have been the beneficiaries of this remarkable process of educational expansion? Has it made Western society more open, mobile, and democratic? These questions are analyzed from a historical perspective which takes into account the institutional change of universities during this century.Based on archival data for the United States, Germany, Japan, France, and Italy, this study combines both comparative and historical perspectives. It documents the political struggle of different social groups for access to univeristies, as well as the meritocratic selection for higher status positions. This work will be an indispensable reference for anyone searching for a comparative and historical analysis of higher education in the most advanced countries.


Book Synopsis Expansion And Structural Change by : Paul Windolf

Download or read book Expansion And Structural Change written by Paul Windolf and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a central institution that ensures equality of opportunity and social justice, the university is the most important channel of social mobility in modern societies. Over the past century, universities have assumed an important role in the political and cultural emancipation of women, minorities, and the lower socioeconomic classes. This expansion in educational institutions was not an isolated event in the years after the World War II, but rather a phase in a longer, secular process of modernization which started in the late nineteenth century and continues up to the present day.Expansion and Structural Change explores this development, focusing on the social background of students and the institutional transformation of higher education in several countries. Who have been the beneficiaries of this remarkable process of educational expansion? Has it made Western society more open, mobile, and democratic? These questions are analyzed from a historical perspective which takes into account the institutional change of universities during this century.Based on archival data for the United States, Germany, Japan, France, and Italy, this study combines both comparative and historical perspectives. It documents the political struggle of different social groups for access to univeristies, as well as the meritocratic selection for higher status positions. This work will be an indispensable reference for anyone searching for a comparative and historical analysis of higher education in the most advanced countries.