How did the Pope become Pontifex Maximus?

How did the Pope become Pontifex Maximus?

Author: Leon Freytag von Loringhoven

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2016-05-11

Total Pages: 18

ISBN-13: 366821526X

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Essay from the year 2016 in the subject History of Europe - Middle Ages, Early Modern Age, grade: 1,3, , language: English, abstract: In this essay, I will give an account on how the Roman pope became the religious leader of the Western Empire, by historical forces and intelligent use of institutions, language and imagery. Through historical forces, especially invasions into the Western Empire, as well as clever use of language, law and imagery the Roman pope had largely gained religious leadership of Western Roman Empire by the sixth century. It is uncertain which pope first acclaimed the title pontifex maximus and it is difficult to say by what time exactly the papacy had supreme religious authority. But the events between the fourth and sixth century are largely responsible for the status of the Roman pope, which ever since has enabled him to justifiably be called pontifex maximus. When the Republic became the Roman Empire, it marked a change for the office of the Pontifex maximus. From 12 BC onwards, when Emperor Augustus took over the position, it was an imperial office. Now the state had religious authority and preeminent capacity to introduce religious reform. For at least the next 300 years Roman emperors would use their designation as Pontifex maximus to justify their position as the head of Roman religion. The role of the Pontifex Maximus was now to act as an intermediary between the Empire and the gods, including a variety of functions: He was responsible for the fabric of religious cults, organized rituals and temples, and had the power to issue edicts. Since the Roman Republic, though, the main function of the office had always been to guard the ius divinum (sacred law) so that the peace of the gods (pax deorum) would keep the Empire prosperous and undefeated. The papacy therefore could only claim the title pontifex maximus once it would have authority over the sacred law, which was a long way to go.


Book Synopsis How did the Pope become Pontifex Maximus? by : Leon Freytag von Loringhoven

Download or read book How did the Pope become Pontifex Maximus? written by Leon Freytag von Loringhoven and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2016 in the subject History of Europe - Middle Ages, Early Modern Age, grade: 1,3, , language: English, abstract: In this essay, I will give an account on how the Roman pope became the religious leader of the Western Empire, by historical forces and intelligent use of institutions, language and imagery. Through historical forces, especially invasions into the Western Empire, as well as clever use of language, law and imagery the Roman pope had largely gained religious leadership of Western Roman Empire by the sixth century. It is uncertain which pope first acclaimed the title pontifex maximus and it is difficult to say by what time exactly the papacy had supreme religious authority. But the events between the fourth and sixth century are largely responsible for the status of the Roman pope, which ever since has enabled him to justifiably be called pontifex maximus. When the Republic became the Roman Empire, it marked a change for the office of the Pontifex maximus. From 12 BC onwards, when Emperor Augustus took over the position, it was an imperial office. Now the state had religious authority and preeminent capacity to introduce religious reform. For at least the next 300 years Roman emperors would use their designation as Pontifex maximus to justify their position as the head of Roman religion. The role of the Pontifex Maximus was now to act as an intermediary between the Empire and the gods, including a variety of functions: He was responsible for the fabric of religious cults, organized rituals and temples, and had the power to issue edicts. Since the Roman Republic, though, the main function of the office had always been to guard the ius divinum (sacred law) so that the peace of the gods (pax deorum) would keep the Empire prosperous and undefeated. The papacy therefore could only claim the title pontifex maximus once it would have authority over the sacred law, which was a long way to go.


Pontifex Maximus

Pontifex Maximus

Author: Christopher Lascelles

Publisher: Crux Publishing Ltd

Published: 2017-04-28

Total Pages: 525

ISBN-13: 1909979465

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"A brilliant book on a number of different levels. Lascelles has an engaging prose style and an amazing eye for detail and apposite anecdote. Surely only purblind Catholic zelanti will object to this outstanding analysis.” – Frank McLynn, author of Genghis Khan, Napoleon and 1066 “Lascelles has achieved the seemingly impossible: a concise and highly readable history of Catholic Popes that manages to be extremely entertaining and informative at the same time.” – Gerald Posner, author of God’s Bankers “Lascelles has taken an overwhelming subject, and not been overwhelmed by it in any way. A highly enjoyable read. ” – Paul Strathern, author of The Medici For many people, the popes are an irrelevance: if they consider them at all, it may be as harmless old men who preach obscure sermons in Latin. But the history of the popes is far from bland. On the contrary, it is occasionally so bizarre as to stretch credulity. Popes have led papal armies, fled in disguise, fathered children (including future popes), and authorised torture. They have been captured, assaulted and murdered. While many have been admired, others have been hated to such a degree that their funeral processions have been disrupted and statues of them torn down after their deaths. Many have been the enemies of freedom and progress – divisive rather than unifying figures. In a fascinating and engaging read, best-selling author Christopher Lascelles examines the history of the popes through the ages, laying bare the extent to which many of them fell so very short of the Christian ideals they supposedly represented. He explains how it was that, professing to follow a man who said ‘My kingdom is not of this world’ and 'Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth’, they nevertheless became the heads of a rich state that owned more land in Europe than any king, relying on foreign military aid to keep power; and how pride, greed and corruption became commonplace in an institution founded on love, faith and forgiveness. This book is aimed at the general reader who is short on time and seeks an accessible overview unencumbered by ecclesiastical jargon and scholarly controversies.


Book Synopsis Pontifex Maximus by : Christopher Lascelles

Download or read book Pontifex Maximus written by Christopher Lascelles and published by Crux Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A brilliant book on a number of different levels. Lascelles has an engaging prose style and an amazing eye for detail and apposite anecdote. Surely only purblind Catholic zelanti will object to this outstanding analysis.” – Frank McLynn, author of Genghis Khan, Napoleon and 1066 “Lascelles has achieved the seemingly impossible: a concise and highly readable history of Catholic Popes that manages to be extremely entertaining and informative at the same time.” – Gerald Posner, author of God’s Bankers “Lascelles has taken an overwhelming subject, and not been overwhelmed by it in any way. A highly enjoyable read. ” – Paul Strathern, author of The Medici For many people, the popes are an irrelevance: if they consider them at all, it may be as harmless old men who preach obscure sermons in Latin. But the history of the popes is far from bland. On the contrary, it is occasionally so bizarre as to stretch credulity. Popes have led papal armies, fled in disguise, fathered children (including future popes), and authorised torture. They have been captured, assaulted and murdered. While many have been admired, others have been hated to such a degree that their funeral processions have been disrupted and statues of them torn down after their deaths. Many have been the enemies of freedom and progress – divisive rather than unifying figures. In a fascinating and engaging read, best-selling author Christopher Lascelles examines the history of the popes through the ages, laying bare the extent to which many of them fell so very short of the Christian ideals they supposedly represented. He explains how it was that, professing to follow a man who said ‘My kingdom is not of this world’ and 'Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth’, they nevertheless became the heads of a rich state that owned more land in Europe than any king, relying on foreign military aid to keep power; and how pride, greed and corruption became commonplace in an institution founded on love, faith and forgiveness. This book is aimed at the general reader who is short on time and seeks an accessible overview unencumbered by ecclesiastical jargon and scholarly controversies.


First American Pope

First American Pope

Author: Angelo Pagnotti

Publisher: Publish America

Published: 2004-09

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 1413727883

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The deadlocked Papal conclave turns to a compromise candidate, Anthony Cardinal Pavelli. Ordained at fifty years of age, and in declining health, the seventy-two year old American, is an unlikely choice. Reluctantly accepting the scepter as Godas will, the Pontiff is eager to reinvigorate the Church by initiating sweeping reforms. A group of ruthless cardinals, each with his own agenda, band together to stop the reforms by discrediting the Pope. Shadowy Vatican forces spread rumors and half-truths about the Popeas former secular life. His Papacy is teetering, on the verge of implosion. The Pope takes his fight to the media and leads a peace mission to Ireland in an effort to bolster his image as a world leader. When the Pope canat be derailed by twisted Machiavellian tactics his enemies resort to extreme measures.


Book Synopsis First American Pope by : Angelo Pagnotti

Download or read book First American Pope written by Angelo Pagnotti and published by Publish America. This book was released on 2004-09 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deadlocked Papal conclave turns to a compromise candidate, Anthony Cardinal Pavelli. Ordained at fifty years of age, and in declining health, the seventy-two year old American, is an unlikely choice. Reluctantly accepting the scepter as Godas will, the Pontiff is eager to reinvigorate the Church by initiating sweeping reforms. A group of ruthless cardinals, each with his own agenda, band together to stop the reforms by discrediting the Pope. Shadowy Vatican forces spread rumors and half-truths about the Popeas former secular life. His Papacy is teetering, on the verge of implosion. The Pope takes his fight to the media and leads a peace mission to Ireland in an effort to bolster his image as a world leader. When the Pope canat be derailed by twisted Machiavellian tactics his enemies resort to extreme measures.


Eusebius of Caesarea: Gospel Problems and Solutions

Eusebius of Caesarea: Gospel Problems and Solutions

Author: Roger Pearse

Publisher: Chieftain Publishing Ltd

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 433

ISBN-13: 0956654002

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This title features Greek text and English translation, plus fragments, of New Testament problems and solutions.


Book Synopsis Eusebius of Caesarea: Gospel Problems and Solutions by : Roger Pearse

Download or read book Eusebius of Caesarea: Gospel Problems and Solutions written by Roger Pearse and published by Chieftain Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2010 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title features Greek text and English translation, plus fragments, of New Testament problems and solutions.


Pontifex Maximus as the Title of the Pope

Pontifex Maximus as the Title of the Pope

Author: Iiro Kajanto

Publisher:

Published: 1981

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Pontifex Maximus as the Title of the Pope by : Iiro Kajanto

Download or read book Pontifex Maximus as the Title of the Pope written by Iiro Kajanto and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


The Early Reception and Appropriation of the Apostle Peter (60-800 CE)

The Early Reception and Appropriation of the Apostle Peter (60-800 CE)

Author:

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2020-03-17

Total Pages: 358

ISBN-13: 9004425683

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The apostle Peter gradually became one of the most famous figures of the ancient world. His almost undisputed reputation made the disciple an exquisite anchor by which new practices within and outside the Church could be established, including innovations in fields as diverse as architecture, art, cult, epigraphy, liturgy, poetry and politics. This interdisciplinary volume inquires the way in which the figure of Peter functioned as an anchor for various people from different periods and geographical areas. The concept of Anchoring Innovation is used to investigate the history of the reception of the apostle Peter from the first century up to Charlemagne, revealing as much about Peter as about the context in which this reception took place.


Book Synopsis The Early Reception and Appropriation of the Apostle Peter (60-800 CE) by :

Download or read book The Early Reception and Appropriation of the Apostle Peter (60-800 CE) written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The apostle Peter gradually became one of the most famous figures of the ancient world. His almost undisputed reputation made the disciple an exquisite anchor by which new practices within and outside the Church could be established, including innovations in fields as diverse as architecture, art, cult, epigraphy, liturgy, poetry and politics. This interdisciplinary volume inquires the way in which the figure of Peter functioned as an anchor for various people from different periods and geographical areas. The concept of Anchoring Innovation is used to investigate the history of the reception of the apostle Peter from the first century up to Charlemagne, revealing as much about Peter as about the context in which this reception took place.


The Innocence of Pontius Pilate

The Innocence of Pontius Pilate

Author: David Lloyd Dusenbury

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2021-12-01

Total Pages: 261

ISBN-13: 0197644120

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The gospels and ancient historians agree: Jesus was sentenced to death by Pontius Pilate, the Roman imperial prefect in Jerusalem. To this day, Christians of all churches confess that Jesus died 'under Pontius Pilate'. But what exactly does that mean? Within decades of Jesus' death, Christians began suggesting that it was the Judaean authorities who had crucified Jesus--a notion later echoed in the Qur'an. In the third century, one philosopher raised the notion that, although Pilate had condemned Jesus, he'd done so justly; this idea survives in one of the main strands of modern New Testament criticism. So what is the truth of the matter? And what is the history of that truth? David Lloyd Dusenbury reveals Pilate's 'innocence' as not only a neglected theological question, but a recurring theme in the history of European political thought. He argues that Jesus' interrogation by Pilate, and Augustine of Hippo's North African sermon on that trial, led to the concept of secularity and the logic of tolerance emerging in early modern Europe. Without the Roman trial of Jesus, and the arguments over Pilate's innocence, the history of empire--from the first century to the twenty-first--would have been radically different.


Book Synopsis The Innocence of Pontius Pilate by : David Lloyd Dusenbury

Download or read book The Innocence of Pontius Pilate written by David Lloyd Dusenbury and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gospels and ancient historians agree: Jesus was sentenced to death by Pontius Pilate, the Roman imperial prefect in Jerusalem. To this day, Christians of all churches confess that Jesus died 'under Pontius Pilate'. But what exactly does that mean? Within decades of Jesus' death, Christians began suggesting that it was the Judaean authorities who had crucified Jesus--a notion later echoed in the Qur'an. In the third century, one philosopher raised the notion that, although Pilate had condemned Jesus, he'd done so justly; this idea survives in one of the main strands of modern New Testament criticism. So what is the truth of the matter? And what is the history of that truth? David Lloyd Dusenbury reveals Pilate's 'innocence' as not only a neglected theological question, but a recurring theme in the history of European political thought. He argues that Jesus' interrogation by Pilate, and Augustine of Hippo's North African sermon on that trial, led to the concept of secularity and the logic of tolerance emerging in early modern Europe. Without the Roman trial of Jesus, and the arguments over Pilate's innocence, the history of empire--from the first century to the twenty-first--would have been radically different.


Peter, Paul, and Mary Magdalene

Peter, Paul, and Mary Magdalene

Author: Bart D Ehrman

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2008-04-24

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 0195343506

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From the Publisher: Bart Ehrman, author of the bestsellers Misquoting Jesus and Truth and Fiction in The Da Vinci Code, here takes readers on another engaging tour of the early Christian church, illuminating the lives of three of Jesus' most intriguing followers: Simon Peter, Paul of Tarsus, and Mary Magdalene.


Book Synopsis Peter, Paul, and Mary Magdalene by : Bart D Ehrman

Download or read book Peter, Paul, and Mary Magdalene written by Bart D Ehrman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-24 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Publisher: Bart Ehrman, author of the bestsellers Misquoting Jesus and Truth and Fiction in The Da Vinci Code, here takes readers on another engaging tour of the early Christian church, illuminating the lives of three of Jesus' most intriguing followers: Simon Peter, Paul of Tarsus, and Mary Magdalene.


The Role of the Pontifex Maximus and Its Influence in Roman Religion and Politics

The Role of the Pontifex Maximus and Its Influence in Roman Religion and Politics

Author: Richard D. Draper

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 375

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis The Role of the Pontifex Maximus and Its Influence in Roman Religion and Politics by : Richard D. Draper

Download or read book The Role of the Pontifex Maximus and Its Influence in Roman Religion and Politics written by Richard D. Draper and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


How to Be Pope

How to Be Pope

Author: Piers Marchant

Publisher: Chronicle Books

Published: 2005-10-13

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 9780811852210

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Congratulations, Your Holiness, and welcome to your first day at the Holy See. After being elected by the College of Cardinals, you'll need to don the papal vestments and get right to work. Armed with this manual, compiled over the last 2,000 years, you'll be able to navigate the Why's, How's, and Who's of your new life as Pontifex Maximus. What is your official job title? Why do you need to choose a papal name? Who does your laundry? While the church has long maintained an aura of complete secrecy to outsiders, the facts, figures, and historical anecdotes found here give the crucial information you'll need to fulfill your papal duties. Detailed diagrams reveal significant locations within the Vaticanwhere to buy gas, where to mail a letter, St. Martha's Housewhile helpful illustrations demonstrate how to perform the papal wave, the uniform of the Swiss Guards, and how to tell the difference between a mitre and a stole. All this plus a Latin primer, tips on greeting world leaders, and a list of job benefits makes for an indispensable guide to performing the role of Successor to the Prince of the Apostles.


Book Synopsis How to Be Pope by : Piers Marchant

Download or read book How to Be Pope written by Piers Marchant and published by Chronicle Books. This book was released on 2005-10-13 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congratulations, Your Holiness, and welcome to your first day at the Holy See. After being elected by the College of Cardinals, you'll need to don the papal vestments and get right to work. Armed with this manual, compiled over the last 2,000 years, you'll be able to navigate the Why's, How's, and Who's of your new life as Pontifex Maximus. What is your official job title? Why do you need to choose a papal name? Who does your laundry? While the church has long maintained an aura of complete secrecy to outsiders, the facts, figures, and historical anecdotes found here give the crucial information you'll need to fulfill your papal duties. Detailed diagrams reveal significant locations within the Vaticanwhere to buy gas, where to mail a letter, St. Martha's Housewhile helpful illustrations demonstrate how to perform the papal wave, the uniform of the Swiss Guards, and how to tell the difference between a mitre and a stole. All this plus a Latin primer, tips on greeting world leaders, and a list of job benefits makes for an indispensable guide to performing the role of Successor to the Prince of the Apostles.