Ignition Sources

Ignition Sources

Author: K. Ramamurthi

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-01-01

Total Pages: 206

ISBN-13: 3031206878

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This book discusses the different energy sources bringing about fires, explosions, and detonations in combustibles under different levels of confinement. Focus is on the initiation source for a combustible whether it is a gas, a liquid, or a solid in a given state of confinement. Incidents of oxygen-related fires in hospitals which were particularly evident with increased usage of oxygen therapy for the extremely ill COVID-19 patients in 2021 are discussed with details of formation, accumulation, and dissipation of charges and their discharges leading to fires and explosions. Sympathetic detonations, BLEVE explosions, cook-off tests of combustibles, the inadvertent ignition sources (threats), and their control are discussed. Sporadic Ignition of wildfires in a heat dome augmented by the reflection of expansion disturbances from the interfaces separating media of different acoustic impedances are explored. Spontaneous human combustion, pilot ignition, shock wave ignition, ignition of fuel droplets and conditions under which fires, explosions, and detonations take place are discussed. Different ways of mitigating the inadvertent initiation of explosions and detonations are given at the end.


Book Synopsis Ignition Sources by : K. Ramamurthi

Download or read book Ignition Sources written by K. Ramamurthi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the different energy sources bringing about fires, explosions, and detonations in combustibles under different levels of confinement. Focus is on the initiation source for a combustible whether it is a gas, a liquid, or a solid in a given state of confinement. Incidents of oxygen-related fires in hospitals which were particularly evident with increased usage of oxygen therapy for the extremely ill COVID-19 patients in 2021 are discussed with details of formation, accumulation, and dissipation of charges and their discharges leading to fires and explosions. Sympathetic detonations, BLEVE explosions, cook-off tests of combustibles, the inadvertent ignition sources (threats), and their control are discussed. Sporadic Ignition of wildfires in a heat dome augmented by the reflection of expansion disturbances from the interfaces separating media of different acoustic impedances are explored. Spontaneous human combustion, pilot ignition, shock wave ignition, ignition of fuel droplets and conditions under which fires, explosions, and detonations take place are discussed. Different ways of mitigating the inadvertent initiation of explosions and detonations are given at the end.


Combustion of mattresses exposed to flaming ignition sources

Combustion of mattresses exposed to flaming ignition sources

Author: Vytenis Babrauskas

Publisher:

Published: 1977

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Combustion of mattresses exposed to flaming ignition sources by : Vytenis Babrauskas

Download or read book Combustion of mattresses exposed to flaming ignition sources written by Vytenis Babrauskas and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Secondary Schools

A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Secondary Schools

Author: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

Publisher:

Published: 1977

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Secondary Schools by : U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

Download or read book A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Secondary Schools written by U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Elementary Schools

A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Elementary Schools

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Elementary Schools by :

Download or read book A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Elementary Schools written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Adult Consummers

A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Adult Consummers

Author: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

Publisher:

Published: 1977

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Adult Consummers by : U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

Download or read book A Guide to Flammable Products and Ignition Sources for Adult Consummers written by U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


Characterization of Electrical Ignition Sources Within Television Receivers

Characterization of Electrical Ignition Sources Within Television Receivers

Author: George J. Rogers

Publisher:

Published: 1979

Total Pages: 64

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Electrical Ignition Sources Within Television Receivers by : George J. Rogers

Download or read book Characterization of Electrical Ignition Sources Within Television Receivers written by George J. Rogers and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


Guidelines for Determining the Probability of Ignition of a Released Flammable Mass

Guidelines for Determining the Probability of Ignition of a Released Flammable Mass

Author: CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2014-06-09

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 1118230531

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Complemented by an estimating tool spreadsheet based on a fixed set of chemicals to assist in risk estimations, Probability of Ignition of a Released Flammable Mass converts a "best guess" to a calculated value based on available information and current technology. The text documents and explains the science and background of the technology-based approach. The tool, when populated with appropriate data, yields an estimate of the probability that a defined release of a flammable material will ignite if exposed to an ignition source. This information can be used to make risk assessments with a higher degree of confidence than estimates made before and it provides valuable information for use in the development of a facility's Emergency Response Plan.


Book Synopsis Guidelines for Determining the Probability of Ignition of a Released Flammable Mass by : CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)

Download or read book Guidelines for Determining the Probability of Ignition of a Released Flammable Mass written by CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-06-09 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complemented by an estimating tool spreadsheet based on a fixed set of chemicals to assist in risk estimations, Probability of Ignition of a Released Flammable Mass converts a "best guess" to a calculated value based on available information and current technology. The text documents and explains the science and background of the technology-based approach. The tool, when populated with appropriate data, yields an estimate of the probability that a defined release of a flammable material will ignite if exposed to an ignition source. This information can be used to make risk assessments with a higher degree of confidence than estimates made before and it provides valuable information for use in the development of a facility's Emergency Response Plan.


Sources of Ignition

Sources of Ignition

Author: John Bond

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2017-01-31

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 1483161250

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Sources of Ignition: Flammability Characteristics of Chemicals and Products describes the flammability characteristics of substances and deals with the different sources of ignition. Case histories are presented for review and analysis. The book is comprised of six chapters and seven appendices. The introduction gives a basic description of the anatomy of fire and explosions, including the access to fuel and the interaction of oxygen and fuel. A description of the flammable limits of gases, dusts, mists, and mixtures and the method of estimating these follow. The text also explains the flash point of a substance and the method of calculating it, using citations from Fuji and Hermann. The ignition energy of a chemical, as well as how to estimate it using the method of Calcote et al., is also presented. The book explains that autoignition temperature of gases is dependent on different factors, such as time delay, oxygen concentration, and catalyst effects of materials, but may still be estimated citing Zabetakis, 1965 as reference. The formula is given in more detail. Finally, the energy sources for ignition are enumerated as mechanical, electrical, thermal, and chemical. The appendices deal with chemicals, self-heating substances, organic peroxides, substances prone to spontaneous combustions, unstable substances, flammability characteristics of dusts, and a checklist of possible sources of ignition. This book is beneficial to fire safety engineers, firemen, fire prevention maintenance administrators, fire hazard officers, and other personnel whose line of work is in fire safety and prevention.


Book Synopsis Sources of Ignition by : John Bond

Download or read book Sources of Ignition written by John Bond and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sources of Ignition: Flammability Characteristics of Chemicals and Products describes the flammability characteristics of substances and deals with the different sources of ignition. Case histories are presented for review and analysis. The book is comprised of six chapters and seven appendices. The introduction gives a basic description of the anatomy of fire and explosions, including the access to fuel and the interaction of oxygen and fuel. A description of the flammable limits of gases, dusts, mists, and mixtures and the method of estimating these follow. The text also explains the flash point of a substance and the method of calculating it, using citations from Fuji and Hermann. The ignition energy of a chemical, as well as how to estimate it using the method of Calcote et al., is also presented. The book explains that autoignition temperature of gases is dependent on different factors, such as time delay, oxygen concentration, and catalyst effects of materials, but may still be estimated citing Zabetakis, 1965 as reference. The formula is given in more detail. Finally, the energy sources for ignition are enumerated as mechanical, electrical, thermal, and chemical. The appendices deal with chemicals, self-heating substances, organic peroxides, substances prone to spontaneous combustions, unstable substances, flammability characteristics of dusts, and a checklist of possible sources of ignition. This book is beneficial to fire safety engineers, firemen, fire prevention maintenance administrators, fire hazard officers, and other personnel whose line of work is in fire safety and prevention.


Fire Behavior of Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses

Fire Behavior of Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses

Author: John Krasny

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2008-12-05

Total Pages: 447

ISBN-13: 0080946879

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The flammability of upholstered furniture is a major concern to engineers and others across a wide swath of organizations. This book was written to provide its audience with the science and engineering needed to better understand the combustibility of the products they manufacture, purchase, and try to extinguish. It addresses the science and engineering information needs of public and private sector fire technology personnel, including fire service students and officers, fire investigators, fire protection engineers, government officials; textile, chemical, and furniture industry personnel, or institutional furniture purchasers.


Book Synopsis Fire Behavior of Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses by : John Krasny

Download or read book Fire Behavior of Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses written by John Krasny and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-12-05 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The flammability of upholstered furniture is a major concern to engineers and others across a wide swath of organizations. This book was written to provide its audience with the science and engineering needed to better understand the combustibility of the products they manufacture, purchase, and try to extinguish. It addresses the science and engineering information needs of public and private sector fire technology personnel, including fire service students and officers, fire investigators, fire protection engineers, government officials; textile, chemical, and furniture industry personnel, or institutional furniture purchasers.


Veterinary Clinical Pathology

Veterinary Clinical Pathology

Author: Kathleen P. Freeman

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2015-06-16

Total Pages: 1340

ISBN-13: 1138001228

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Veterinary Clinical Pathology: A Case-Based Approach presents 200 cases with questions for those interested in improving their skills in veterinary clinical pathology. It emphasises an understanding of basic pathophysiologic mechanisms of disease, differential diagnoses and recognition of patterns associated with various diseases or conditions. Topics discussed include haematology, clinical chemistry, endocrinology, acid-base and blood gas analysis, haemostasis, urinalysis, biological variation and quality control. Species covered include the cat, dog and horse, with additional material on ruminants. Cases vary in difficulty, allowing beginners to improve their clinicopathologic skills while more complicated cases, or cases treating unfamiliar topics, are included for experienced readers. This book is a helpful revision aid for those in training as well as for those in practice who are pursuing continuing education. It is also a valuable resource for veterinary nurses and technicians.


Book Synopsis Veterinary Clinical Pathology by : Kathleen P. Freeman

Download or read book Veterinary Clinical Pathology written by Kathleen P. Freeman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-06-16 with total page 1340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Veterinary Clinical Pathology: A Case-Based Approach presents 200 cases with questions for those interested in improving their skills in veterinary clinical pathology. It emphasises an understanding of basic pathophysiologic mechanisms of disease, differential diagnoses and recognition of patterns associated with various diseases or conditions. Topics discussed include haematology, clinical chemistry, endocrinology, acid-base and blood gas analysis, haemostasis, urinalysis, biological variation and quality control. Species covered include the cat, dog and horse, with additional material on ruminants. Cases vary in difficulty, allowing beginners to improve their clinicopathologic skills while more complicated cases, or cases treating unfamiliar topics, are included for experienced readers. This book is a helpful revision aid for those in training as well as for those in practice who are pursuing continuing education. It is also a valuable resource for veterinary nurses and technicians.