Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel

Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2003-06-09

Total Pages: 124

ISBN-13: 0309087228

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The production of nuclear materials for the national defense was an intense, nationwide effort that began with the Manhattan Project and continued throughout the Cold War. Now many of these product materials, by-products, and precursors, such as irradiated nuclear fuels and targets, have been declared as excess by the Department of Energy (DOE). Most of this excess inventory has been, or will be, turned over to DOE's Office of Environmental Management (EM), which is responsible for cleaning up the former production sites. Recognizing the scientific and technical challenges facing EM, Congress in 1995 established the EM Science Program (EMSP) to develop and fund directed, long-term research that could substantially enhance the knowledge base available for new cleanup technologies and decision making. The EMSP has previously asked the National Academies' National Research Council for advice for developing research agendas in subsurface contamination, facility deactivation and decommissioning, high-level waste, and mixed and transuranic waste. For this study the committee was tasked to provide recommendations for a research agenda to improve the scientific basis for DOE's management of its high-cost, high-volume, or high-risk excess nuclear materials and spent nuclear fuels. To address its task, the committee focused its attention on DOE's excess plutonium-239, spent nuclear fuels, cesium-137 and strontium-90 capsules, depleted uranium, and higher actinide isotopes.


Book Synopsis Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel by : National Research Council

Download or read book Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-06-09 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of nuclear materials for the national defense was an intense, nationwide effort that began with the Manhattan Project and continued throughout the Cold War. Now many of these product materials, by-products, and precursors, such as irradiated nuclear fuels and targets, have been declared as excess by the Department of Energy (DOE). Most of this excess inventory has been, or will be, turned over to DOE's Office of Environmental Management (EM), which is responsible for cleaning up the former production sites. Recognizing the scientific and technical challenges facing EM, Congress in 1995 established the EM Science Program (EMSP) to develop and fund directed, long-term research that could substantially enhance the knowledge base available for new cleanup technologies and decision making. The EMSP has previously asked the National Academies' National Research Council for advice for developing research agendas in subsurface contamination, facility deactivation and decommissioning, high-level waste, and mixed and transuranic waste. For this study the committee was tasked to provide recommendations for a research agenda to improve the scientific basis for DOE's management of its high-cost, high-volume, or high-risk excess nuclear materials and spent nuclear fuels. To address its task, the committee focused its attention on DOE's excess plutonium-239, spent nuclear fuels, cesium-137 and strontium-90 capsules, depleted uranium, and higher actinide isotopes.

Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel

Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13: 9780309506137

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Download or read book Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

End Points for Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russia and the United States

End Points for Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russia and the United States

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2003-06-12

Total Pages: 153

ISBN-13: 0309087244

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End Points for spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russian and the United States provides an analysis of the management of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste in Russia and the United States, describing inventories, comparing approaches, and assessing the end-point options for storage and disposal of materials and wastes. The authoring committee finds that despite differences in philosophy about nuclear fuel cycles, Russia and the United States need similar kinds of facilities and face similar challenges, although in Russia many of the problems are worse and funding is less available. This book contains recommendations for immediate and near-term actions, for example, protecting and stabilizing materials that are security and safety hazards, actions for the longer term, such as developing more interim storage capacity and studying effects of deep injection, and areas for collaboration.


Book Synopsis End Points for Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russia and the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book End Points for Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russia and the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-06-12 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: End Points for spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russian and the United States provides an analysis of the management of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste in Russia and the United States, describing inventories, comparing approaches, and assessing the end-point options for storage and disposal of materials and wastes. The authoring committee finds that despite differences in philosophy about nuclear fuel cycles, Russia and the United States need similar kinds of facilities and face similar challenges, although in Russia many of the problems are worse and funding is less available. This book contains recommendations for immediate and near-term actions, for example, protecting and stabilizing materials that are security and safety hazards, actions for the longer term, such as developing more interim storage capacity and studying effects of deep injection, and areas for collaboration.

Spent Nuclear Fuel in the U.S

Spent Nuclear Fuel in the U.S

Author: Nikita Vesik

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13: 9781628082432

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Book Synopsis Spent Nuclear Fuel in the U.S by : Nikita Vesik

Download or read book Spent Nuclear Fuel in the U.S written by Nikita Vesik and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXVI: Volume 1518

Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXVI: Volume 1518

Author: Neil Hyatt

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2013-10-28

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781605114958

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Symposium LL, Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXVI, was held November 25-30 at the 2012 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. This Symposium continues to set the research agenda in the field of radioactive waste management, charting the development of waste processing, conditioning, packaging and disposal. Symposium XXXVI featured 77 presentations, delivered over four days during the 2012 MRS Fall Meeting, from participants in Australia, Austria, Finland, France, Japan, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and United States of America. Sessions reported on advances in glass and ceramic wasteforms, conditioning of technetium, management of spent nuclear fuel, and geological disposal, plus a special joint session with Symposium HH, on radiation effects in nuclear materials. Each paper provides a snapshot of the exciting recent developments in each of these areas and the international progress toward achieving the safe, timely and cost-effective management and disposal of radioactive wastes.


Book Synopsis Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXVI: Volume 1518 by : Neil Hyatt

Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXVI: Volume 1518 written by Neil Hyatt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symposium LL, Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXVI, was held November 25-30 at the 2012 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. This Symposium continues to set the research agenda in the field of radioactive waste management, charting the development of waste processing, conditioning, packaging and disposal. Symposium XXXVI featured 77 presentations, delivered over four days during the 2012 MRS Fall Meeting, from participants in Australia, Austria, Finland, France, Japan, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and United States of America. Sessions reported on advances in glass and ceramic wasteforms, conditioning of technetium, management of spent nuclear fuel, and geological disposal, plus a special joint session with Symposium HH, on radiation effects in nuclear materials. Each paper provides a snapshot of the exciting recent developments in each of these areas and the international progress toward achieving the safe, timely and cost-effective management and disposal of radioactive wastes.

Nuclear Waste

Nuclear Waste

Author: Martin A. Wooten

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781619429963

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Almost 30 years ago, Congress addressed increasing concerns regarding the management of the nation's growing stockpile of nuclear waste by calling for the federal collection of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level nuclear waste (HLW) for safe, permanent disposal. Passed in 1982, the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA) was an effort to establish an explicit statutory basis for the Department of Energy (DOE) to dispose of the nation's most highly radioactive nuclear waste. The NWPA requires DOE to remove spent nuclear fuel from commercial nuclear power plants, in exchange for a fee, and transport it to a permanent geologic repository or an interim storage facility before permanent disposal. This book explores the effects of a termination of the Yucca Mountain Repository Program with a focus on the need for a comprehensive DOE strategy that supports environmental cleanup decisions.


Book Synopsis Nuclear Waste by : Martin A. Wooten

Download or read book Nuclear Waste written by Martin A. Wooten and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost 30 years ago, Congress addressed increasing concerns regarding the management of the nation's growing stockpile of nuclear waste by calling for the federal collection of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level nuclear waste (HLW) for safe, permanent disposal. Passed in 1982, the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA) was an effort to establish an explicit statutory basis for the Department of Energy (DOE) to dispose of the nation's most highly radioactive nuclear waste. The NWPA requires DOE to remove spent nuclear fuel from commercial nuclear power plants, in exchange for a fee, and transport it to a permanent geologic repository or an interim storage facility before permanent disposal. This book explores the effects of a termination of the Yucca Mountain Repository Program with a focus on the need for a comprehensive DOE strategy that supports environmental cleanup decisions.

Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel

Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel

Author: Committee on Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation

Publisher:

Published: 2001-06-06

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13:

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Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.


Book Synopsis Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel by : Committee on Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation

Download or read book Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by Committee on Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation and published by . This book was released on 2001-06-06 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.

Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXX:

Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXX:

Author: Darrell Dunn

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2014-06-05

Total Pages: 664

ISBN-13: 9781107408746

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Management of nuclear waste remains an important international topic that includes reprocessing of commercial nuclear fuel, waste-form design and development, storage and disposal packaging, the process of repository site selection, system design, and performance assessment. Requirements to manage and dispose of materials from the production of nuclear weapons, and the renewed interest in nuclear power, in particular through the Generation IV Forum and the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative, can be expected to increase the need for scientific advances in waste management. This book offers an interdisciplinary perspective on materials-related issues associated with nuclear waste management programs. Invited and contributed papers cover a wide range of topics including studies on: spent fuel; performance assessment and models; waste forms for low- and intermediate-level waste; ceramic and glass waste forms for plutonium and high-level waste; radionuclides; containers and engineered barriers; disposal environments and site characteristics; and partitioning and transmutation.


Book Synopsis Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXX: by : Darrell Dunn

Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXX: written by Darrell Dunn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Management of nuclear waste remains an important international topic that includes reprocessing of commercial nuclear fuel, waste-form design and development, storage and disposal packaging, the process of repository site selection, system design, and performance assessment. Requirements to manage and dispose of materials from the production of nuclear weapons, and the renewed interest in nuclear power, in particular through the Generation IV Forum and the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative, can be expected to increase the need for scientific advances in waste management. This book offers an interdisciplinary perspective on materials-related issues associated with nuclear waste management programs. Invited and contributed papers cover a wide range of topics including studies on: spent fuel; performance assessment and models; waste forms for low- and intermediate-level waste; ceramic and glass waste forms for plutonium and high-level waste; radionuclides; containers and engineered barriers; disposal environments and site characteristics; and partitioning and transmutation.

Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation

Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1999-10-07

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13: 0309184584

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During the next several years, decisions are expected to be made in several countries on the further development and implementation of the geological disposition option. The Board on Radioactive Waste Management (BRWM) of the U.S. National Academies believes that informed and reasoned discussion of relevant scientific, engineering and social issues can-and should-play a constructive role in the decision process by providing information to decision makers on relevant technical and policy issues. A BRWM-initiated project including a workshop at Irvine, California on November 4-5, 1999, and subsequent National Academies' report to be published in spring, 2000, are intended to provide such information to national policy makers both in the U.S. and abroad. To inform national policies, it is essential that experts from the physical, geological, and engineering sciences, and experts from the policy and social science communities work together. Some national programs have involved social science and policy experts from the beginning, while other programs have only recently recognized the importance of this collaboration. An important goal of the November workshop is to facilitate dialogue between these communities, as well as to encourage the sharing of experiences from many national programs. The workshop steering committee has prepared this discussion for participants at the workshop. It should elicit critical comments and help identify topics requiring in-depth discussion at the workshop. It is not intended as a statement of findings, conclusions, or recommendations. It is rather intended as a vehicle for stimulating dialogue among the workshop participants. Out of that dialogue will emerge the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the National Academies' report.


Book Synopsis Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation by : National Research Council

Download or read book Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-07 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the next several years, decisions are expected to be made in several countries on the further development and implementation of the geological disposition option. The Board on Radioactive Waste Management (BRWM) of the U.S. National Academies believes that informed and reasoned discussion of relevant scientific, engineering and social issues can-and should-play a constructive role in the decision process by providing information to decision makers on relevant technical and policy issues. A BRWM-initiated project including a workshop at Irvine, California on November 4-5, 1999, and subsequent National Academies' report to be published in spring, 2000, are intended to provide such information to national policy makers both in the U.S. and abroad. To inform national policies, it is essential that experts from the physical, geological, and engineering sciences, and experts from the policy and social science communities work together. Some national programs have involved social science and policy experts from the beginning, while other programs have only recently recognized the importance of this collaboration. An important goal of the November workshop is to facilitate dialogue between these communities, as well as to encourage the sharing of experiences from many national programs. The workshop steering committee has prepared this discussion for participants at the workshop. It should elicit critical comments and help identify topics requiring in-depth discussion at the workshop. It is not intended as a statement of findings, conclusions, or recommendations. It is rather intended as a vehicle for stimulating dialogue among the workshop participants. Out of that dialogue will emerge the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the National Academies' report.

Nuclear Wastes

Nuclear Wastes

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1996-02-23

Total Pages: 590

ISBN-13: 0309052262

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Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear weapons production and power generation has caused public outcry and political consternation. Nuclear Wastes presents a critical review of some waste management and disposal alternatives to the current national policy of direct disposal of light water reactor spent fuel. The book offers clearcut conclusions for what the nation should do today and what solutions should be explored for tomorrow. The committee examines the currently used "once-through" fuel cycle versus different alternatives of separations and transmutation technology systems, by which hazardous radionuclides are converted to nuclides that are either stable or radioactive with short half-lives. The volume provides detailed findings and conclusions about the status and feasibility of plutonium extraction and more advanced separations technologies, as well as three principal transmutation concepts for commercial reactor spent fuel. The book discusses nuclear proliferation; the U.S. nuclear regulatory structure; issues of health, safety and transportation; the proposed sale of electrical energy as a means of paying for the transmutation system; and other key issues.


Book Synopsis Nuclear Wastes by : National Research Council

Download or read book Nuclear Wastes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-02-23 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear weapons production and power generation has caused public outcry and political consternation. Nuclear Wastes presents a critical review of some waste management and disposal alternatives to the current national policy of direct disposal of light water reactor spent fuel. The book offers clearcut conclusions for what the nation should do today and what solutions should be explored for tomorrow. The committee examines the currently used "once-through" fuel cycle versus different alternatives of separations and transmutation technology systems, by which hazardous radionuclides are converted to nuclides that are either stable or radioactive with short half-lives. The volume provides detailed findings and conclusions about the status and feasibility of plutonium extraction and more advanced separations technologies, as well as three principal transmutation concepts for commercial reactor spent fuel. The book discusses nuclear proliferation; the U.S. nuclear regulatory structure; issues of health, safety and transportation; the proposed sale of electrical energy as a means of paying for the transmutation system; and other key issues.