Download Li S And Li O2 Batteries With High Specific Energy full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Li S And Li O2 Batteries With High Specific Energy ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
This brief reviews the fundamentals, recent developments, challenges and prospects of Li-S and Li-O2 batteries, including fundamental research and potential applications. It starts with a brief overview encompassing the current state of Li-S and Li-O2 battery technology. It then provides general information on Li-S and Li-O2 batteries, including the electrochemical processes and battery components. The following sections focus on the historical and recent development of Li-S and Li-O2 batteries respectively, offering detailed insights into the key material development, cell assembly, diagnostic test and mechanism of electrolyte decomposition. Lastly, it focuses on the main promising applications of Li-S and Li-O2 batteries together with their challenges and potential
Book Synopsis Li-S and Li-O2 Batteries with High Specific Energy by : Huamin Zhang
Download or read book Li-S and Li-O2 Batteries with High Specific Energy written by Huamin Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-07 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief reviews the fundamentals, recent developments, challenges and prospects of Li-S and Li-O2 batteries, including fundamental research and potential applications. It starts with a brief overview encompassing the current state of Li-S and Li-O2 battery technology. It then provides general information on Li-S and Li-O2 batteries, including the electrochemical processes and battery components. The following sections focus on the historical and recent development of Li-S and Li-O2 batteries respectively, offering detailed insights into the key material development, cell assembly, diagnostic test and mechanism of electrolyte decomposition. Lastly, it focuses on the main promising applications of Li-S and Li-O2 batteries together with their challenges and potential
Lithium air rechargeable batteries are the best candidate for a power source for electric vehicles, because of their high specific energy density. In this book, the history, scientific background, status and prospects of the lithium air system are introduced by specialists in the field. This book will contain the basics, current statuses, and prospects for new technologies. This book is ideal for those interested in electrochemistry, energy storage, and materials science.
Book Synopsis The Lithium Air Battery by : Nobuyuki Imanishi
Download or read book The Lithium Air Battery written by Nobuyuki Imanishi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium air rechargeable batteries are the best candidate for a power source for electric vehicles, because of their high specific energy density. In this book, the history, scientific background, status and prospects of the lithium air system are introduced by specialists in the field. This book will contain the basics, current statuses, and prospects for new technologies. This book is ideal for those interested in electrochemistry, energy storage, and materials science.
A primary goal in rechargeable battery research is developing batteries with higher specific energies, with motivations including increasing electric vehicle range and enabling new deep space technologies. One such option, the nonaqueous lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) battery, consists of a lithium negative electrode, a lithium salt and ether-based electrolyte, an electrolyte-soaked porous carbon positive electrode, and a gaseous oxygen headspace, and operates via the electrochemical formation (discharge) and decomposition (charge) of lithium peroxide (Li2O2). With an estimated theoretical specific energy of 3330 Wh/kg active material (Li2O2), more than four times that of current lithium-ion positive electrode materials, and a relatively low cost of battery components, the nonaqueous lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) battery has garnered significant research attention over the past decade. Unfortunately, critical challenges have been identified that prevent the realization of a high-capacity, rechargeable Li-O2 battery. The ultimate discharge product, Li2O2, is insoluble in the most stable nonaqueous electrolytes and is a wide-band gap insulator, so during discharge it forms as a solid on the cathode’s carbon support and electronically passivates it, preventing further discharge after only a small amount of Li2O2 has formed. Li2O2 and its electrochemical intermediates also undergo irreversible side reactions with the nonaqueous electrolytes and carbon positive electrodes studied to-date, causing poor battery rechargeability. In this work, the nonaqueous electrolyte of the Li-O2 was engineered toward addressing these challenges and achieving a high-capacity, rechargeable Li-O2 battery. Toward increasing achievable discharge capacity, the ability of electrolytes to induce solubility of the intermediate to Li2O2 formation, lithium superoxide (LiO2), was studied, as this enables a solution mechanism of growth whereby Li2O2 grows in large, aggregated structures, allowing more Li2O2 to form before cathode passivation. First, the effect of the lithium salt anion on LiO2 solubility was studied. To do so, a typical lithium battery salt, lithium bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide (LiTFSI), was partially exchanged for the more strongly electron-donating lithium nitrate (LiNO3) in Li-O2 battery electrolytes. During galvanostatic conditions, a correlation between LiNO3 concentration and discharge capacity was observed. Titrations and scanning electron microscopy of cathodes extracted from discharged batteries confirmed Li2O2 formation in aggregated structures in cells that partially employed LiNO3 as an electrolyte, indicative of an increase in the solution mechanism with the addition of LiNO3. The increase in LiO2 solubility was attributed via 7Li NMR to a lower free energy of Li+ in the electrolyte as a result of the addition of the strongly electron donating NO3- in the lithium solvation shell. Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) showed similar oxygen evolution on charge with and without LiNO3, indicating no deleterious effect on cell rechargeability with the addition of LiNO3. Second, as anion selection induces the solution mechanism by lowering the free energy of Li+ in solution, non-Li alkali metal cations and alcohols were studied as methods of inducing the solution mechanism by lowering the free energy of the superoxide anion (O2-) in solution. Galvanostatic cycling of Li-O2 batteries containing non-Li alkali metal salts showed a small increase in the achievable discharge capacity, attributed to the softer acidity of non-Li alkali metal cations more favorably solvating the soft base O2-. However, gas analysis of a sodium-oxygen battery with a small amount of Li+ salt added to the battery electrolyte showed Li+ quickly scavenges any non-Li alkali metal cation-associated O2-, and the resultant LiO2 quickly disproportionates into the insoluble Li2O2. It is therefore anticipated that an increase in Li-O2 battery capacity upon the addition of non-Li alkali metal cations is only expected at high currents, when oxygen reduction rates are sufficiently high to allow some O2- to temporarily avoid Li+ in solution. Ppm quantities of methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol were added to ether-based Li-O2 battery electrolytes as analogues to water, which has been previously shown to induce the solution mechanism due to its strong Lewis acidity lowering the free energy of O2- in solution. The additives induced a two-fold increase in battery capacity, though with little trend in the capacity as a function of the additive’s Acceptor Number. These results highlight the complexity of interactions between the constituent species in an electrolyte in terms of their Lewis basicities, Lewis acidities, and other physicochemical properties. While the formation of Li2O2 in large aggregated structures increases the achievable discharge capacity, an electrolyte-soluble redox mediator is required to oxidize aggregated Li2O2 on charge and shuttle electrons back to the electrode surface. The rechargeability of Li-O2 batteries containing redox mediators in the presence of water impurities, which are likely difficult to eliminate in practical lithium-air batteries, was studied. Specifically, the effect of water contamination in the electrolyte on the promising redox mediator lithium iodide (LiI) was studied. DEMS and titrations of cathodes extracted from discharged batteries confirmed recent reports that lithium hydroxide (LiOH) formed as the dominant discharge product via a 4 e-/O2 process. However, isotopic labeling and DEMS were used to show LiOH is not reversibly oxidized back to its reactants (Li+, O2, H2O). Rather, titrations, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and galvanostatic cycling of batteries under an argon atmosphere showed charge current in batteries containing both LiI and H2O is a complex mixture of side reactions and redox shuttling. With LiOH identified as an undesirable discharge product, the mechanism for Li2O2 degradation to LiOH in the presence of LiI and H2O was studied. Galvanostatic cycling of lab-scale Li-O2 batteries containing LiI and H2O in DME and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) showed that DMSO prevents Li2O2 degradation to LiOH. Cyclic voltammetry of these electrolytes showed DMSO exhibits a higher potential for iodide oxidation than DME, indicating iodide-mediated H2O2 reduction is more difficult in DMSO than DME. The ability of an additive to reduce H2O2 is therefore identified as a key consideration in Li2O2’s stability in the presence of water impurities. A tangential important finding during this study was the difficulty in selection of an appropriate reference electrode for studying redox mediators in Li-O2 batteries, as electrodes with too high of a lithium intercalation voltage will chemically oxidize the redox mediator, while electrodes with too low of a lithium intercalation voltage exhibit spontaneous oxygen consumption in a Li-O2 battery.
Book Synopsis Electrolyte Engineering to Improve Capacity and Rechargeablility in the Lithium-Oxygen Battery by : Colin M Burke
Download or read book Electrolyte Engineering to Improve Capacity and Rechargeablility in the Lithium-Oxygen Battery written by Colin M Burke and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A primary goal in rechargeable battery research is developing batteries with higher specific energies, with motivations including increasing electric vehicle range and enabling new deep space technologies. One such option, the nonaqueous lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) battery, consists of a lithium negative electrode, a lithium salt and ether-based electrolyte, an electrolyte-soaked porous carbon positive electrode, and a gaseous oxygen headspace, and operates via the electrochemical formation (discharge) and decomposition (charge) of lithium peroxide (Li2O2). With an estimated theoretical specific energy of 3330 Wh/kg active material (Li2O2), more than four times that of current lithium-ion positive electrode materials, and a relatively low cost of battery components, the nonaqueous lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) battery has garnered significant research attention over the past decade. Unfortunately, critical challenges have been identified that prevent the realization of a high-capacity, rechargeable Li-O2 battery. The ultimate discharge product, Li2O2, is insoluble in the most stable nonaqueous electrolytes and is a wide-band gap insulator, so during discharge it forms as a solid on the cathode’s carbon support and electronically passivates it, preventing further discharge after only a small amount of Li2O2 has formed. Li2O2 and its electrochemical intermediates also undergo irreversible side reactions with the nonaqueous electrolytes and carbon positive electrodes studied to-date, causing poor battery rechargeability. In this work, the nonaqueous electrolyte of the Li-O2 was engineered toward addressing these challenges and achieving a high-capacity, rechargeable Li-O2 battery. Toward increasing achievable discharge capacity, the ability of electrolytes to induce solubility of the intermediate to Li2O2 formation, lithium superoxide (LiO2), was studied, as this enables a solution mechanism of growth whereby Li2O2 grows in large, aggregated structures, allowing more Li2O2 to form before cathode passivation. First, the effect of the lithium salt anion on LiO2 solubility was studied. To do so, a typical lithium battery salt, lithium bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide (LiTFSI), was partially exchanged for the more strongly electron-donating lithium nitrate (LiNO3) in Li-O2 battery electrolytes. During galvanostatic conditions, a correlation between LiNO3 concentration and discharge capacity was observed. Titrations and scanning electron microscopy of cathodes extracted from discharged batteries confirmed Li2O2 formation in aggregated structures in cells that partially employed LiNO3 as an electrolyte, indicative of an increase in the solution mechanism with the addition of LiNO3. The increase in LiO2 solubility was attributed via 7Li NMR to a lower free energy of Li+ in the electrolyte as a result of the addition of the strongly electron donating NO3- in the lithium solvation shell. Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) showed similar oxygen evolution on charge with and without LiNO3, indicating no deleterious effect on cell rechargeability with the addition of LiNO3. Second, as anion selection induces the solution mechanism by lowering the free energy of Li+ in solution, non-Li alkali metal cations and alcohols were studied as methods of inducing the solution mechanism by lowering the free energy of the superoxide anion (O2-) in solution. Galvanostatic cycling of Li-O2 batteries containing non-Li alkali metal salts showed a small increase in the achievable discharge capacity, attributed to the softer acidity of non-Li alkali metal cations more favorably solvating the soft base O2-. However, gas analysis of a sodium-oxygen battery with a small amount of Li+ salt added to the battery electrolyte showed Li+ quickly scavenges any non-Li alkali metal cation-associated O2-, and the resultant LiO2 quickly disproportionates into the insoluble Li2O2. It is therefore anticipated that an increase in Li-O2 battery capacity upon the addition of non-Li alkali metal cations is only expected at high currents, when oxygen reduction rates are sufficiently high to allow some O2- to temporarily avoid Li+ in solution. Ppm quantities of methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol were added to ether-based Li-O2 battery electrolytes as analogues to water, which has been previously shown to induce the solution mechanism due to its strong Lewis acidity lowering the free energy of O2- in solution. The additives induced a two-fold increase in battery capacity, though with little trend in the capacity as a function of the additive’s Acceptor Number. These results highlight the complexity of interactions between the constituent species in an electrolyte in terms of their Lewis basicities, Lewis acidities, and other physicochemical properties. While the formation of Li2O2 in large aggregated structures increases the achievable discharge capacity, an electrolyte-soluble redox mediator is required to oxidize aggregated Li2O2 on charge and shuttle electrons back to the electrode surface. The rechargeability of Li-O2 batteries containing redox mediators in the presence of water impurities, which are likely difficult to eliminate in practical lithium-air batteries, was studied. Specifically, the effect of water contamination in the electrolyte on the promising redox mediator lithium iodide (LiI) was studied. DEMS and titrations of cathodes extracted from discharged batteries confirmed recent reports that lithium hydroxide (LiOH) formed as the dominant discharge product via a 4 e-/O2 process. However, isotopic labeling and DEMS were used to show LiOH is not reversibly oxidized back to its reactants (Li+, O2, H2O). Rather, titrations, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and galvanostatic cycling of batteries under an argon atmosphere showed charge current in batteries containing both LiI and H2O is a complex mixture of side reactions and redox shuttling. With LiOH identified as an undesirable discharge product, the mechanism for Li2O2 degradation to LiOH in the presence of LiI and H2O was studied. Galvanostatic cycling of lab-scale Li-O2 batteries containing LiI and H2O in DME and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) showed that DMSO prevents Li2O2 degradation to LiOH. Cyclic voltammetry of these electrolytes showed DMSO exhibits a higher potential for iodide oxidation than DME, indicating iodide-mediated H2O2 reduction is more difficult in DMSO than DME. The ability of an additive to reduce H2O2 is therefore identified as a key consideration in Li2O2’s stability in the presence of water impurities. A tangential important finding during this study was the difficulty in selection of an appropriate reference electrode for studying redox mediators in Li-O2 batteries, as electrodes with too high of a lithium intercalation voltage will chemically oxidize the redox mediator, while electrodes with too low of a lithium intercalation voltage exhibit spontaneous oxygen consumption in a Li-O2 battery.
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries give us an alternative to the more prevalent lithium-ion (Li-ion) versions, and are known for their observed high energy densities. Systems using Li-S batteries are in early stages of development and commercialization however could potentially provide higher, safer levels of energy at significantly lower cost. In this book the history, scientific background, challenges and future perspectives of the lithium-sulfur system are presented by experts in the field. Focus is on past and recent advances of each cell compartment responsible for the performance of the Li-S battery, and includes analysis of characterization tools, new designs and computational modeling. As a comprehensive review of current state-of-play, it is ideal for undergraduates, graduate students, researchers, physicists, chemists and materials scientists interested in energy storage, material science and electrochemistry.
Book Synopsis Li-s Batteries: The Challenges, Chemistry, Materials, And Future Perspectives by : Demir-cakan Rezan
Download or read book Li-s Batteries: The Challenges, Chemistry, Materials, And Future Perspectives written by Demir-cakan Rezan and published by #N/A. This book was released on 2017-06-09 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries give us an alternative to the more prevalent lithium-ion (Li-ion) versions, and are known for their observed high energy densities. Systems using Li-S batteries are in early stages of development and commercialization however could potentially provide higher, safer levels of energy at significantly lower cost. In this book the history, scientific background, challenges and future perspectives of the lithium-sulfur system are presented by experts in the field. Focus is on past and recent advances of each cell compartment responsible for the performance of the Li-S battery, and includes analysis of characterization tools, new designs and computational modeling. As a comprehensive review of current state-of-play, it is ideal for undergraduates, graduate students, researchers, physicists, chemists and materials scientists interested in energy storage, material science and electrochemistry.
Book Synopsis Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Key Parameters, Recent Advances, Challenges and Applications by : Muhammad Suleman Tahir
Download or read book Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Key Parameters, Recent Advances, Challenges and Applications written by Muhammad Suleman Tahir and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
A guide to lithium sulfur batteries that explores their materials, electrochemical mechanisms and modelling and includes recent scientific developments Lithium Sulfur Batteries (Li-S) offers a comprehensive examination of Li-S batteries from the viewpoint of the materials used in their construction, the underlying electrochemical mechanisms and how this translates into the characteristics of Li-S batteries. The authors – noted experts in the field – outline the approaches and techniques required to model Li-S batteries. Lithium Sulfur Batteries reviews the application of Li-S batteries for commercial use and explores many broader issues including the development of battery management systems to control the unique characteristics of Li-S batteries. The authors include information onsulfur cathodes, electrolytes and other components used in making Li-S batteries and examine the role of lithium sulfide, the shuttle mechanism and its effects, and degradation mechanisms. The book contains a review of battery design and: Discusses electrochemistry of Li-S batteries and the analytical techniques used to study Li-S batteries Offers information on the application of Li-S batteries for commercial use Distills years of research on Li-S batteries into one comprehensive volume Includes contributions from many leading scientists in the field of Li-S batteries Explores the potential of Li-S batteries to power larger battery applications such as automobiles, aviation and space vehicles Written for academic researchers, industrial scientists and engineers with an interest in the research, development, manufacture and application of next generation battery technologies, Lithium Sulfur Batteries is an essential resource for accessing information on the construction and application of Li-S batteries.
Book Synopsis Lithium-Sulfur Batteries by : Mark Wild
Download or read book Lithium-Sulfur Batteries written by Mark Wild and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-01-23 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to lithium sulfur batteries that explores their materials, electrochemical mechanisms and modelling and includes recent scientific developments Lithium Sulfur Batteries (Li-S) offers a comprehensive examination of Li-S batteries from the viewpoint of the materials used in their construction, the underlying electrochemical mechanisms and how this translates into the characteristics of Li-S batteries. The authors – noted experts in the field – outline the approaches and techniques required to model Li-S batteries. Lithium Sulfur Batteries reviews the application of Li-S batteries for commercial use and explores many broader issues including the development of battery management systems to control the unique characteristics of Li-S batteries. The authors include information onsulfur cathodes, electrolytes and other components used in making Li-S batteries and examine the role of lithium sulfide, the shuttle mechanism and its effects, and degradation mechanisms. The book contains a review of battery design and: Discusses electrochemistry of Li-S batteries and the analytical techniques used to study Li-S batteries Offers information on the application of Li-S batteries for commercial use Distills years of research on Li-S batteries into one comprehensive volume Includes contributions from many leading scientists in the field of Li-S batteries Explores the potential of Li-S batteries to power larger battery applications such as automobiles, aviation and space vehicles Written for academic researchers, industrial scientists and engineers with an interest in the research, development, manufacture and application of next generation battery technologies, Lithium Sulfur Batteries is an essential resource for accessing information on the construction and application of Li-S batteries.
The new edition of the cornerstone text on electrochemistry Spans all the areas of electrochemistry, from the basicsof thermodynamics and electrode kinetics to transport phenomena inelectrolytes, metals, and semiconductors. Newly updated andexpanded, the Third Edition covers important new treatments, ideas,and technologies while also increasing the book's accessibility forreaders in related fields. Rigorous and complete presentation of the fundamentalconcepts In-depth examples applying the concepts to real-life designproblems Homework problems ranging from the reinforcing to the highlythought-provoking Extensive bibliography giving both the historical developmentof the field and references for the practicing electrochemist.
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Systems by : John Newman
Download or read book Electrochemical Systems written by John Newman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-27 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of the cornerstone text on electrochemistry Spans all the areas of electrochemistry, from the basicsof thermodynamics and electrode kinetics to transport phenomena inelectrolytes, metals, and semiconductors. Newly updated andexpanded, the Third Edition covers important new treatments, ideas,and technologies while also increasing the book's accessibility forreaders in related fields. Rigorous and complete presentation of the fundamentalconcepts In-depth examples applying the concepts to real-life designproblems Homework problems ranging from the reinforcing to the highlythought-provoking Extensive bibliography giving both the historical developmentof the field and references for the practicing electrochemist.
This book presents the latest advances in rechargeable lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries and provides a guide for future developments in this field. Novel electrode compositions and architectures as well as innovative cell designs are needed to make Li-S technology practically viable. Nowadays, several challenges still persist, such as the shuttle of lithium polysulfides and the poor reversibility of lithium-metal anode, among others. However over the past several years significant progress has been made in the research and development of Li-S batteries. This book addresses most aspects of Li-S batteries and reviews the topic in depth. Advances are summarized and guidance for future development is provided. By elevating our understanding of Li-S batteries to a high level this may inspire new ideas for advancing this technology and making it commercially viable. This book is of interest to the battery community and will benefit graduate students and professionals working in this field
Book Synopsis Advances in Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by : Arumugam Manthiram
Download or read book Advances in Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries written by Arumugam Manthiram and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest advances in rechargeable lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries and provides a guide for future developments in this field. Novel electrode compositions and architectures as well as innovative cell designs are needed to make Li-S technology practically viable. Nowadays, several challenges still persist, such as the shuttle of lithium polysulfides and the poor reversibility of lithium-metal anode, among others. However over the past several years significant progress has been made in the research and development of Li-S batteries. This book addresses most aspects of Li-S batteries and reviews the topic in depth. Advances are summarized and guidance for future development is provided. By elevating our understanding of Li-S batteries to a high level this may inspire new ideas for advancing this technology and making it commercially viable. This book is of interest to the battery community and will benefit graduate students and professionals working in this field
This reference brings together, for the first time, information on the electrochemical and physicochemical properties of carbon that are relevant to the understanding of its electrochemical behavior. The book is divided into three major sections. The first section reviews the manufacture and physicochemical properties of commercial carbons. The second section presents a discussion on the characteristics and types of carbon electrodes. The third section explores the wide range of applications of carbon in electrochemical systems. Features many tables and figures, as well as numerous references.
Book Synopsis Carbon by : Kim Kinoshita
Download or read book Carbon written by Kim Kinoshita and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1988-01-18 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference brings together, for the first time, information on the electrochemical and physicochemical properties of carbon that are relevant to the understanding of its electrochemical behavior. The book is divided into three major sections. The first section reviews the manufacture and physicochemical properties of commercial carbons. The second section presents a discussion on the characteristics and types of carbon electrodes. The third section explores the wide range of applications of carbon in electrochemical systems. Features many tables and figures, as well as numerous references.
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries have transformed the world of portable electronics and consumer devices today, but their specific energy and cycle life remain insufficient for many emerging, modern-day applications such as electric vehicles and grid energy storage. Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries represent a very promising technology for these applications because their theoretical specific energy is about 7 times that of lithium-ion batteries today. However, the challenges of S and Li2S cathodes include: (1) the formation of intermediate lithium polysulfide species which dissolve into the electrolyte during cycling and (2) the low electronic conductivity of S and Li2S. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel encapsulation materials and morphologies for these cathodes that can effectively confine the polysulfide species and facilitate electronic conduction. In this thesis, I will present my work on developing high-energy Li-S batteries, from theoretical understanding to materials design. First, I will present results from theoretical ab initio simulations which enable the systematic screening of promising encapsulation materials. Next, I will present four different designs of S and Li2S cathodes. The first design is that of S-TiO2 yolk-shell nanostructures, which uses oxygen-rich TiO2 as the encapsulation material. The novelty of this yolk-shell cathode lies in the precise engineering of internal void space to accommodate the volumetric expansion of S during lithiation, enabling long cycle life of 1,000 cycles to be achieved. The second and third designs: Li2S-graphene oxide and Li2S-polypyrrole composite structures, use oxygen-rich and nitrogen-rich materials respectively to encapsulate fully-lithiated and fully-expanded Li2S cathodes. Using these cathodes, we demonstrate high specific capacity and stable cycling performance over hundreds of cycles. The fourth design: Li2S-TiS2 core-shell nanostructures, uses highly-conductive and sulfur-rich TiS2 as an effective 2D encapsulation material. This cathode not only exhibits high rate capability of 4C (fast charge/discharge in 15 min), but also high areal capacity of 3.0 mAh/cm2, both of which are on par with commercial standards today. These works pave the way for the future development of high-performance and long-lasting rechargeable batteries.
Book Synopsis High-energy Lithium-sulfur Batteries by : Zhi Wei Seh
Download or read book High-energy Lithium-sulfur Batteries written by Zhi Wei Seh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries have transformed the world of portable electronics and consumer devices today, but their specific energy and cycle life remain insufficient for many emerging, modern-day applications such as electric vehicles and grid energy storage. Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries represent a very promising technology for these applications because their theoretical specific energy is about 7 times that of lithium-ion batteries today. However, the challenges of S and Li2S cathodes include: (1) the formation of intermediate lithium polysulfide species which dissolve into the electrolyte during cycling and (2) the low electronic conductivity of S and Li2S. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel encapsulation materials and morphologies for these cathodes that can effectively confine the polysulfide species and facilitate electronic conduction. In this thesis, I will present my work on developing high-energy Li-S batteries, from theoretical understanding to materials design. First, I will present results from theoretical ab initio simulations which enable the systematic screening of promising encapsulation materials. Next, I will present four different designs of S and Li2S cathodes. The first design is that of S-TiO2 yolk-shell nanostructures, which uses oxygen-rich TiO2 as the encapsulation material. The novelty of this yolk-shell cathode lies in the precise engineering of internal void space to accommodate the volumetric expansion of S during lithiation, enabling long cycle life of 1,000 cycles to be achieved. The second and third designs: Li2S-graphene oxide and Li2S-polypyrrole composite structures, use oxygen-rich and nitrogen-rich materials respectively to encapsulate fully-lithiated and fully-expanded Li2S cathodes. Using these cathodes, we demonstrate high specific capacity and stable cycling performance over hundreds of cycles. The fourth design: Li2S-TiS2 core-shell nanostructures, uses highly-conductive and sulfur-rich TiS2 as an effective 2D encapsulation material. This cathode not only exhibits high rate capability of 4C (fast charge/discharge in 15 min), but also high areal capacity of 3.0 mAh/cm2, both of which are on par with commercial standards today. These works pave the way for the future development of high-performance and long-lasting rechargeable batteries.
