Low-Level Radio Frequency Systems

Low-Level Radio Frequency Systems

Author: Stefan Simrock

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-03-02

Total Pages: 396

ISBN-13: 3030944190

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This book begins with an overview of the RF control concepts and strategies. It then introduces RF system models for optimizing the system parameters to satisfy beam requirements and for controller design. In addition to systematically discussing the RF field control algorithms, it presents typical architecture and algorithms for RF signal detection and actuation. Further, the book addresses the analysis of the noise and nonlinearity in LLRF systems to provide a better understanding of the performance of the RF control system and to specify the performance requirements for different parts of the RF system. Today, accelerators require increased RF stability and more complex operation scenarios, such as providing beam for different beam lines with various parameters, and as a result LLRF systems are becoming more critical and complex. This means that LLRF system developers need have extensive knowledge of the entire accelerator complex and a wide range of other areas, including RF and digital signal processing, noise analysis, accelerator physics and systems engineering. Providing a comprehensive introduction to the basic theories, algorithms and technologies, this book enables LLRF system developers to systematically gain the knowledge required to specify, design and implement LLRF systems and integrate them with beam acceleration. It is intended for graduate students, professional engineers and researchers in accelerator physics.


Book Synopsis Low-Level Radio Frequency Systems by : Stefan Simrock

Download or read book Low-Level Radio Frequency Systems written by Stefan Simrock and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-02 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book begins with an overview of the RF control concepts and strategies. It then introduces RF system models for optimizing the system parameters to satisfy beam requirements and for controller design. In addition to systematically discussing the RF field control algorithms, it presents typical architecture and algorithms for RF signal detection and actuation. Further, the book addresses the analysis of the noise and nonlinearity in LLRF systems to provide a better understanding of the performance of the RF control system and to specify the performance requirements for different parts of the RF system. Today, accelerators require increased RF stability and more complex operation scenarios, such as providing beam for different beam lines with various parameters, and as a result LLRF systems are becoming more critical and complex. This means that LLRF system developers need have extensive knowledge of the entire accelerator complex and a wide range of other areas, including RF and digital signal processing, noise analysis, accelerator physics and systems engineering. Providing a comprehensive introduction to the basic theories, algorithms and technologies, this book enables LLRF system developers to systematically gain the knowledge required to specify, design and implement LLRF systems and integrate them with beam acceleration. It is intended for graduate students, professional engineers and researchers in accelerator physics.

RF Systems, Circuits and Components

RF Systems, Circuits and Components

Author: Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2019-03-27

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13: 1789857635

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Radio frequency (RF) refers to frequencies between the upper limit of audio frequencies (> 20 KHz) and the lower limit of infrared frequencies (


Book Synopsis RF Systems, Circuits and Components by : Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz

Download or read book RF Systems, Circuits and Components written by Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-03-27 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radio frequency (RF) refers to frequencies between the upper limit of audio frequencies (> 20 KHz) and the lower limit of infrared frequencies (

Radio Frequency Station-beam Dynamics Interaction in Circular Accelerators

Radio Frequency Station-beam Dynamics Interaction in Circular Accelerators

Author: Themistoklis Mastoridis

Publisher: Stanford University

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13:

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The longitudinal beam dynamics in circular accelerators is mainly defined by the interaction of the beam current with the accelerating Radio Frequency (RF) stations. For stable operation, Low Level RF (LLRF) feedback systems are employed to reduce coherent instabilities and regulate the accelerating voltage. The LLRF system design has implications for the dynamics and stability of the closed-loop RF systems as well as for the particle beam, and is very sensitive to the operating range of accelerator currents and energies. Stability of the RF loop and the beam are necessary conditions for reliable machine operation. This dissertation describes theoretical formalisms and models that determine the longitudinal beam dynamics based on the LLRF implementation, time domain simulations that capture the dynamic behavior of the RF station-beam interaction, and measurements from the Positron-Electron Project (PEP-II) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) that validate the models and simulations. These models and simulations are structured to capture the technical characteristics of the system (noise contributions, non-linear elements, and more). As such, they provide useful results and insight for the development and design of future LLRF feedback systems. They also provide the opportunity to study diverse longitudinal beam dynamics effects such as coupled-bunch impedance driven instabilities and single bunch longitudinal emittance growth. Coupled-bunch instabilities and RF station power were the performance limiting effects for PEP-II. The sensitivity of the instabilities to individual LLRF parameters, the effectiveness of alternative operational algorithms, and the possible tradeoffs between RF loop and beam stability were studied. New algorithms were implemented, with significant performance improvement leading to a world record current during the last PEP-II run of 3212 mA for the Low Energy Ring. Longitudinal beam emittance growth due to RF noise is a major concern for LHC. Simulations studies and measurements were conducted that clearly show the correlation between RF noise and longitudinal bunch emittance, identify the major LLRF noise contributions, and determine the RF component dominating this effect. With these results, LHC upgrades and alternative algorithms are evaluated to reduce longitudinal emittance growth during operations. The applications of this work are described with regard to future machines and analysis of new technical implementations, as well as to possible future work which would continue the directions of this dissertation.


Book Synopsis Radio Frequency Station-beam Dynamics Interaction in Circular Accelerators by : Themistoklis Mastoridis

Download or read book Radio Frequency Station-beam Dynamics Interaction in Circular Accelerators written by Themistoklis Mastoridis and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2005 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The longitudinal beam dynamics in circular accelerators is mainly defined by the interaction of the beam current with the accelerating Radio Frequency (RF) stations. For stable operation, Low Level RF (LLRF) feedback systems are employed to reduce coherent instabilities and regulate the accelerating voltage. The LLRF system design has implications for the dynamics and stability of the closed-loop RF systems as well as for the particle beam, and is very sensitive to the operating range of accelerator currents and energies. Stability of the RF loop and the beam are necessary conditions for reliable machine operation. This dissertation describes theoretical formalisms and models that determine the longitudinal beam dynamics based on the LLRF implementation, time domain simulations that capture the dynamic behavior of the RF station-beam interaction, and measurements from the Positron-Electron Project (PEP-II) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) that validate the models and simulations. These models and simulations are structured to capture the technical characteristics of the system (noise contributions, non-linear elements, and more). As such, they provide useful results and insight for the development and design of future LLRF feedback systems. They also provide the opportunity to study diverse longitudinal beam dynamics effects such as coupled-bunch impedance driven instabilities and single bunch longitudinal emittance growth. Coupled-bunch instabilities and RF station power were the performance limiting effects for PEP-II. The sensitivity of the instabilities to individual LLRF parameters, the effectiveness of alternative operational algorithms, and the possible tradeoffs between RF loop and beam stability were studied. New algorithms were implemented, with significant performance improvement leading to a world record current during the last PEP-II run of 3212 mA for the Low Energy Ring. Longitudinal beam emittance growth due to RF noise is a major concern for LHC. Simulations studies and measurements were conducted that clearly show the correlation between RF noise and longitudinal bunch emittance, identify the major LLRF noise contributions, and determine the RF component dominating this effect. With these results, LHC upgrades and alternative algorithms are evaluated to reduce longitudinal emittance growth during operations. The applications of this work are described with regard to future machines and analysis of new technical implementations, as well as to possible future work which would continue the directions of this dissertation.

Radio Frequency System Architecture and Design

Radio Frequency System Architecture and Design

Author: John W. M. Rogers

Publisher: Artech House

Published: 2013-10-01

Total Pages: 315

ISBN-13: 1608075370

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Communication devices such as smart phones, GPS systems, and Bluetooth, are now part of our daily lives more than ever before. As our communication equipment becomes more sophisticated, so do the radios and other hardware required to enable that technology. Common radio architectures are required to make this technology work seamlessly. This resource describes practical aspects of radio frequency communications systems design, bridging the gap between system-level design considerations and circuit-level design specifications. Industry experts not only provide detailed calculations and theory to determine block level specifications, but also discuss basic theory and operational concepts. This resource also includes extensive, up-to-date application examples.


Book Synopsis Radio Frequency System Architecture and Design by : John W. M. Rogers

Download or read book Radio Frequency System Architecture and Design written by John W. M. Rogers and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communication devices such as smart phones, GPS systems, and Bluetooth, are now part of our daily lives more than ever before. As our communication equipment becomes more sophisticated, so do the radios and other hardware required to enable that technology. Common radio architectures are required to make this technology work seamlessly. This resource describes practical aspects of radio frequency communications systems design, bridging the gap between system-level design considerations and circuit-level design specifications. Industry experts not only provide detailed calculations and theory to determine block level specifications, but also discuss basic theory and operational concepts. This resource also includes extensive, up-to-date application examples.

Practical RF System Design

Practical RF System Design

Author: William F. Egan

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2004-03-15

Total Pages: 414

ISBN-13: 0471654086

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The ultimate practical resource for today's RF system design professionals Radio frequency components and circuits form the backbone of today's mobile and satellite communications networks. Consequently, both practicing and aspiring industry professionals need to be able to solve ever more complex problems of RF design. Blending theoretical rigor with a wealth of practical expertise, Practical RF System Design addresses a variety of complex, real-world problems that system engineers are likely to encounter in today's burgeoning communications industry with solutions that are not easily available in the existing literature. The author, an expert in the field of RF module and system design, provides powerful techniques for analyzing real RF systems, with emphasis on some that are currently not well understood. Combining theoretical results and models with examples, he challenges readers to address such practical issues as: * How standing wave ratio affects system gain * How noise on a local oscillator will affect receiver noise figure and desensitization * How to determine the dynamic range of a cascade from module specifications * How phase noise affects system performance and where it comes from * How intermodulation products (IMs) predictably change with signal amplitude, and why they sometimes change differently An essential resource for today's RF system engineers, the text covers important topics in the areas of system noise and nonlinearity, frequency conversion, and phase noise. Along with a wealth of practical examples using MATLAB(r) and Excel, spreadsheets are available for download from an FTP Web site to help readers apply the methods outlined in this important resource.


Book Synopsis Practical RF System Design by : William F. Egan

Download or read book Practical RF System Design written by William F. Egan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-03-15 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate practical resource for today's RF system design professionals Radio frequency components and circuits form the backbone of today's mobile and satellite communications networks. Consequently, both practicing and aspiring industry professionals need to be able to solve ever more complex problems of RF design. Blending theoretical rigor with a wealth of practical expertise, Practical RF System Design addresses a variety of complex, real-world problems that system engineers are likely to encounter in today's burgeoning communications industry with solutions that are not easily available in the existing literature. The author, an expert in the field of RF module and system design, provides powerful techniques for analyzing real RF systems, with emphasis on some that are currently not well understood. Combining theoretical results and models with examples, he challenges readers to address such practical issues as: * How standing wave ratio affects system gain * How noise on a local oscillator will affect receiver noise figure and desensitization * How to determine the dynamic range of a cascade from module specifications * How phase noise affects system performance and where it comes from * How intermodulation products (IMs) predictably change with signal amplitude, and why they sometimes change differently An essential resource for today's RF system engineers, the text covers important topics in the areas of system noise and nonlinearity, frequency conversion, and phase noise. Along with a wealth of practical examples using MATLAB(r) and Excel, spreadsheets are available for download from an FTP Web site to help readers apply the methods outlined in this important resource.

Spectrum Management for Science in the 21st Century

Spectrum Management for Science in the 21st Century

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2010-02-25

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 0309151546

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Radio observations of the cosmos are gathered by geoscientists using complex earth-orbiting satellites and ground-based equipment, and by radio astronomers using large ground-based radio telescopes. Signals from natural radio emissions are extremely weak, and the equipment used to measure them is becoming ever-more sophisticated and sensitive. The radio spectrum is also being used by radiating, or "active," services, ranging from aircraft radars to rapidly expanding consumer services such as cellular telephones and wireless internet. These valuable active services transmit radio waves and thereby potentially interfere with the receive-only, or "passive," scientific services. Transmitters for the active services create an artificial "electronic fog" which can cause confusion, and, in severe cases, totally blinds the passive receivers. Both the active and the passive services are increasing their use of the spectrum, and so the potential for interference, already strong, is also increasing. This book addresses the tension between the active services' demand for greater spectrum use and the passive users' need for quiet spectrum. The included recommendations provide a pathway for putting in place the regulatory mechanisms and associated supporting research activities necessary to meet the demands of both users.


Book Synopsis Spectrum Management for Science in the 21st Century by : National Research Council

Download or read book Spectrum Management for Science in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-02-25 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radio observations of the cosmos are gathered by geoscientists using complex earth-orbiting satellites and ground-based equipment, and by radio astronomers using large ground-based radio telescopes. Signals from natural radio emissions are extremely weak, and the equipment used to measure them is becoming ever-more sophisticated and sensitive. The radio spectrum is also being used by radiating, or "active," services, ranging from aircraft radars to rapidly expanding consumer services such as cellular telephones and wireless internet. These valuable active services transmit radio waves and thereby potentially interfere with the receive-only, or "passive," scientific services. Transmitters for the active services create an artificial "electronic fog" which can cause confusion, and, in severe cases, totally blinds the passive receivers. Both the active and the passive services are increasing their use of the spectrum, and so the potential for interference, already strong, is also increasing. This book addresses the tension between the active services' demand for greater spectrum use and the passive users' need for quiet spectrum. The included recommendations provide a pathway for putting in place the regulatory mechanisms and associated supporting research activities necessary to meet the demands of both users.

Broadband Direct RF Digitization Receivers

Broadband Direct RF Digitization Receivers

Author: Olivier Jamin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-09-06

Total Pages: 175

ISBN-13: 3319011502

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This book discusses the trade-offs involved in designing direct RF digitization receivers for the radio frequency and digital signal processing domains. A system-level framework is developed, quantifying the relevant impairments of the signal processing chain, through a comprehensive system-level analysis. Special focus is given to noise analysis (thermal noise, quantization noise, saturation noise, signal-dependent noise), broadband non-linear distortion analysis, including the impact of the sampling strategy (low-pass, band-pass), analysis of time-interleaved ADC channel mismatches, sampling clock purity and digital channel selection. The system-level framework described is applied to the design of a cable multi-channel RF direct digitization receiver. An optimum RF signal conditioning, and some algorithms (automatic gain control loop, RF front-end amplitude equalization control loop) are used to relax the requirements of a 2.7GHz 11-bit ADC. A two-chip implementation is presented, using BiCMOS and 65nm CMOS processes, together with the block and system-level measurement results. Readers will benefit from the techniques presented, which are highly competitive, both in terms of cost and RF performance, while drastically reducing power consumption.


Book Synopsis Broadband Direct RF Digitization Receivers by : Olivier Jamin

Download or read book Broadband Direct RF Digitization Receivers written by Olivier Jamin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-06 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the trade-offs involved in designing direct RF digitization receivers for the radio frequency and digital signal processing domains. A system-level framework is developed, quantifying the relevant impairments of the signal processing chain, through a comprehensive system-level analysis. Special focus is given to noise analysis (thermal noise, quantization noise, saturation noise, signal-dependent noise), broadband non-linear distortion analysis, including the impact of the sampling strategy (low-pass, band-pass), analysis of time-interleaved ADC channel mismatches, sampling clock purity and digital channel selection. The system-level framework described is applied to the design of a cable multi-channel RF direct digitization receiver. An optimum RF signal conditioning, and some algorithms (automatic gain control loop, RF front-end amplitude equalization control loop) are used to relax the requirements of a 2.7GHz 11-bit ADC. A two-chip implementation is presented, using BiCMOS and 65nm CMOS processes, together with the block and system-level measurement results. Readers will benefit from the techniques presented, which are highly competitive, both in terms of cost and RF performance, while drastically reducing power consumption.

Telecommunications

Telecommunications

Author: DIANE Publishing Company

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 1995-04

Total Pages: 50

ISBN-13: 9780788116902

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Book Synopsis Telecommunications by : DIANE Publishing Company

Download or read book Telecommunications written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995-04 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advances in Accelerators and Medical Physics

Advances in Accelerators and Medical Physics

Author: Toshiyuki Shirai

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2023-05-25

Total Pages: 386

ISBN-13: 0323991920

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Radiotherapy is now one of the major cancer treatments. The field of accelerator and medical physics is important and growing to support high precision cancer radiotherapy. Advances in Accelerators and Medical Physics provides in-depth and comprehensive coverage of the basic concepts in x-ray therapy, electron beam therapy, particle therapy, boron neutron capture therapy, and molecular imaging and therapy. Novel technologies such as FLASH therapy and laser ion accelerator are also introduced. Each section of the book presents the current state of accelerators, irradiation methods and therapy technologies, as well as future trends in advanced research. This book will serve as a key resource for researchers and students to find all information on latest cancer radiotherapy technologies and methods. Offers a deep dive into fundamental accelerator and medical physics techniques and technologies used in cancer radiotherapy Considers updated status at hospitals and clinical facilities, and future research trends Covers advanced research, development and novel technologies Chapters written by experts from the Particle Accelerator Society of Japan(PASJ) and the Japan Society of Medical Physics (JSMP)


Book Synopsis Advances in Accelerators and Medical Physics by : Toshiyuki Shirai

Download or read book Advances in Accelerators and Medical Physics written by Toshiyuki Shirai and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-05-25 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiotherapy is now one of the major cancer treatments. The field of accelerator and medical physics is important and growing to support high precision cancer radiotherapy. Advances in Accelerators and Medical Physics provides in-depth and comprehensive coverage of the basic concepts in x-ray therapy, electron beam therapy, particle therapy, boron neutron capture therapy, and molecular imaging and therapy. Novel technologies such as FLASH therapy and laser ion accelerator are also introduced. Each section of the book presents the current state of accelerators, irradiation methods and therapy technologies, as well as future trends in advanced research. This book will serve as a key resource for researchers and students to find all information on latest cancer radiotherapy technologies and methods. Offers a deep dive into fundamental accelerator and medical physics techniques and technologies used in cancer radiotherapy Considers updated status at hospitals and clinical facilities, and future research trends Covers advanced research, development and novel technologies Chapters written by experts from the Particle Accelerator Society of Japan(PASJ) and the Japan Society of Medical Physics (JSMP)

Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits and Systems

Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits and Systems

Author: Hooman Darabi

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2020-03-12

Total Pages: 783

ISBN-13: 110719475X

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Equips students with essential industry-relevant knowledge through in-depth explanations, practical applications, examples, and exercises.


Book Synopsis Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits and Systems by : Hooman Darabi

Download or read book Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits and Systems written by Hooman Darabi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 783 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equips students with essential industry-relevant knowledge through in-depth explanations, practical applications, examples, and exercises.