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Magma to Microbe

Author: Robert P. Lowell

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-04-30

Total Pages: 304

ISBN-13: 1118671899

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Magma to Microbe Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 178. Hydrothermal systems at oceanic spreading centers reflect the complex interactions among transport, cooling and crystallization of magma, fluid circulation in the crust, tectonic processes, water-rock interaction, and the utilization of hydrothermal fluids as a metabolic energy source by microbial and macro-biological ecosystems. The development of mathematical and numerical models that address these complex linkages is a fundamental part the RIDGE 2000 program that attempts to quantify and model the transfer of heat and chemicals from “mantle to microbes” at oceanic ridges. This volume presents the first “state of the art” picture of model development in this context. The most outstanding feature of this volume is its emphasis on mathematical and numerical modeling of a broad array of hydrothermal processes associated with oceanic spreading centers. By examining the state of model development in one volume, both cross-fertilization of ideas and integration across the disparate disciplines that study seafloor hydrothermal systems is facilitated. Students and scientists with an interest in oceanic spreading centers in general and more specifically in ridge hydrothermal processes will find this volume to be an up-to-date and indispensable resource.

Book Synopsis Magma to Microbe by : Robert P. Lowell

Download or read book Magma to Microbe written by Robert P. Lowell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magma to Microbe Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 178. Hydrothermal systems at oceanic spreading centers reflect the complex interactions among transport, cooling and crystallization of magma, fluid circulation in the crust, tectonic processes, water-rock interaction, and the utilization of hydrothermal fluids as a metabolic energy source by microbial and macro-biological ecosystems. The development of mathematical and numerical models that address these complex linkages is a fundamental part the RIDGE 2000 program that attempts to quantify and model the transfer of heat and chemicals from “mantle to microbes” at oceanic ridges. This volume presents the first “state of the art” picture of model development in this context. The most outstanding feature of this volume is its emphasis on mathematical and numerical modeling of a broad array of hydrothermal processes associated with oceanic spreading centers. By examining the state of model development in one volume, both cross-fertilization of ideas and integration across the disparate disciplines that study seafloor hydrothermal systems is facilitated. Students and scientists with an interest in oceanic spreading centers in general and more specifically in ridge hydrothermal processes will find this volume to be an up-to-date and indispensable resource.

Gender and Culture

Author: Anne Phillips

Publisher: Polity

Published: 2013-04-29

Total Pages: 176

ISBN-13: 9780745675541

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The idea that respect for cultural diversity conflicts with gender equality is now a staple of both public and academic debate. Yet discussion of these tensions is marred by exaggerated talk of cultural difference, leading to ethnic reductionism, cultural stereotyping, and a hierarchy of traditional and modern. In this volume, Anne Phillips firmly rejects the notion that ‘culture’ might justify the oppression of women, but also queries the stereotypical binaries that have represented people from ethnocultural minorities as peculiarly resistant to gender equality. The questions addressed include the relationship between universalism and cultural relativism, how to distinguish valid generalisation from either gender or cultural essentialism, and how to recognise women as agents rather than captives of culture. The discussions are illuminated by reference to legal cases and policy interventions, with a particular focus on forced marriage and cultural defence.

Book Synopsis Gender and Culture by : Anne Phillips

Download or read book Gender and Culture written by Anne Phillips and published by Polity. This book was released on 2013-04-29 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea that respect for cultural diversity conflicts with gender equality is now a staple of both public and academic debate. Yet discussion of these tensions is marred by exaggerated talk of cultural difference, leading to ethnic reductionism, cultural stereotyping, and a hierarchy of traditional and modern. In this volume, Anne Phillips firmly rejects the notion that ‘culture’ might justify the oppression of women, but also queries the stereotypical binaries that have represented people from ethnocultural minorities as peculiarly resistant to gender equality. The questions addressed include the relationship between universalism and cultural relativism, how to distinguish valid generalisation from either gender or cultural essentialism, and how to recognise women as agents rather than captives of culture. The discussions are illuminated by reference to legal cases and policy interventions, with a particular focus on forced marriage and cultural defence.

Microbial Metal and Metalloid Metabolism

Author: John F. Stolz

Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press

Published: 2011-08-02

Total Pages: 562

ISBN-13: 1555815367

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The ideal reference for novice and experienced investigators interested in environmental biogeochemistry and bioremediation. • Offers a broad range of current topics and approaches in microbe-metal research, including microbial fuel cells, unique microbial physiology, genomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics. • Reviews the current state of the science in the field, and examines emerging developments and applications and forecasts future research directions. • The book is also recommended as a text for graduate courses in microbial physiology, microbial ecology, and applied and environmental microbiology.

Book Synopsis Microbial Metal and Metalloid Metabolism by : John F. Stolz

Download or read book Microbial Metal and Metalloid Metabolism written by John F. Stolz and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ideal reference for novice and experienced investigators interested in environmental biogeochemistry and bioremediation. • Offers a broad range of current topics and approaches in microbe-metal research, including microbial fuel cells, unique microbial physiology, genomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics. • Reviews the current state of the science in the field, and examines emerging developments and applications and forecasts future research directions. • The book is also recommended as a text for graduate courses in microbial physiology, microbial ecology, and applied and environmental microbiology.

Biotechnology of Extremophiles:

Author: Pabulo H Rampelotto

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-04-27

Total Pages: 720

ISBN-13: 331913521X

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Aimed at research scientists and biotechnologists, this book is an essential reading for those working with extremophiles and their potential biotechnological application. Here, we provide a comprehensive and reliable source of information on the recent advances and challenges in different aspects of the theme. Written in an accessible language, the book is also a recommended as reference text for anyone interested in this thriving field of research. Over the last decades, the study of extremophiles has provided ground breaking discoveries that challenge our understanding of biochemistry and molecular biology. In the applied side, extremophiles and their enzymes have spawned a multibillion dollar biotechnology industry, with applications spanning biomedical, pharmaceutical, industrial, environmental, and agricultural sectors. Taq DNA polymerase (which was isolated from Thermus aquaticus from a geothermal spring in Yellowstone National Park) is the most well-known example of the potential biotechnological application of extremophiles and their biomolecules. Indeed, the application of extremophiles and their biologically active compounds has opened a new era in biotechnology. However, despite the latest advances, we are just in the beginning of exploring the biotechnological potentials of extremophiles.

Book Synopsis Biotechnology of Extremophiles: by : Pabulo H Rampelotto

Download or read book Biotechnology of Extremophiles: written by Pabulo H Rampelotto and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-27 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at research scientists and biotechnologists, this book is an essential reading for those working with extremophiles and their potential biotechnological application. Here, we provide a comprehensive and reliable source of information on the recent advances and challenges in different aspects of the theme. Written in an accessible language, the book is also a recommended as reference text for anyone interested in this thriving field of research. Over the last decades, the study of extremophiles has provided ground breaking discoveries that challenge our understanding of biochemistry and molecular biology. In the applied side, extremophiles and their enzymes have spawned a multibillion dollar biotechnology industry, with applications spanning biomedical, pharmaceutical, industrial, environmental, and agricultural sectors. Taq DNA polymerase (which was isolated from Thermus aquaticus from a geothermal spring in Yellowstone National Park) is the most well-known example of the potential biotechnological application of extremophiles and their biomolecules. Indeed, the application of extremophiles and their biologically active compounds has opened a new era in biotechnology. However, despite the latest advances, we are just in the beginning of exploring the biotechnological potentials of extremophiles.

Extremophiles Handbook

Author: Koki Horikoshi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-12-08

Total Pages: 1277

ISBN-13: 4431538976

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The Extremophiles Handbook brings together the rapidly growing and often scattered information on microbial life in the whole range of extreme environments. This book will be a useful reference for finding clues to the origin of life and for exploring the biotechnology potential of these fascinating organisms.

Book Synopsis Extremophiles Handbook by : Koki Horikoshi

Download or read book Extremophiles Handbook written by Koki Horikoshi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-08 with total page 1277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Extremophiles Handbook brings together the rapidly growing and often scattered information on microbial life in the whole range of extreme environments. This book will be a useful reference for finding clues to the origin of life and for exploring the biotechnology potential of these fascinating organisms.

Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges

Author: Peter A. Rona

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-05-02

Total Pages: 1110

ISBN-13: 1118671503

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Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 188. Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges presents a multidisciplinary overview of the remarkable emerging diversity of hydrothermal systems on slow spreading ocean ridges in the Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic oceans. When hydrothermal systems were first found on the East Pacific Rise and other Pacific Ocean ridges beginning in the late 1970s, the community consensus held that the magma delivery rate of intermediate to fast spreading was necessary to support black smoker-type high-temperature systems and associated chemosynthetic ecosystems and polymetallic sulfide deposits. Contrary to that consensus, hydrothermal systems not only occur on slow spreading ocean ridges but, as reported in this volume, are generally larger, exhibit different chemosynthetic ecosystems, produce larger mineral deposits, and occur in a much greater diversity of geologic settings than those systems in the Pacific. The full diversity of hydrothermal systems on slow spreading ocean ridges, reflected in the contributions to this volume, is only now emerging and opens an exciting new frontier for ocean ridge exploration, including Processes of heat and chemical transfer from the Earth's mantle and crust via slow spreading ocean ridges to the oceans The major role of detachment faulting linking crust and mantle in hydrothermal circulation Chemical reaction products of mantle involvement including serpentinization, natural hydrogen, abiotic methane, and hydrocarbon synthesis Generation of large polymetallic sulfide deposits hosted in ocean crust and mantle Chemosynthetic vent communities hosted in the diverse settings The readership for this volume will include schools, universities, government laboratories, and scientific societies in developed and developing nations, including over 150 nations that have ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

Book Synopsis Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges by : Peter A. Rona

Download or read book Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges written by Peter A. Rona and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 188. Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges presents a multidisciplinary overview of the remarkable emerging diversity of hydrothermal systems on slow spreading ocean ridges in the Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic oceans. When hydrothermal systems were first found on the East Pacific Rise and other Pacific Ocean ridges beginning in the late 1970s, the community consensus held that the magma delivery rate of intermediate to fast spreading was necessary to support black smoker-type high-temperature systems and associated chemosynthetic ecosystems and polymetallic sulfide deposits. Contrary to that consensus, hydrothermal systems not only occur on slow spreading ocean ridges but, as reported in this volume, are generally larger, exhibit different chemosynthetic ecosystems, produce larger mineral deposits, and occur in a much greater diversity of geologic settings than those systems in the Pacific. The full diversity of hydrothermal systems on slow spreading ocean ridges, reflected in the contributions to this volume, is only now emerging and opens an exciting new frontier for ocean ridge exploration, including Processes of heat and chemical transfer from the Earth's mantle and crust via slow spreading ocean ridges to the oceans The major role of detachment faulting linking crust and mantle in hydrothermal circulation Chemical reaction products of mantle involvement including serpentinization, natural hydrogen, abiotic methane, and hydrocarbon synthesis Generation of large polymetallic sulfide deposits hosted in ocean crust and mantle Chemosynthetic vent communities hosted in the diverse settings The readership for this volume will include schools, universities, government laboratories, and scientific societies in developed and developing nations, including over 150 nations that have ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

Frontiers in Geofluids

Author: Bruce W. D. Yardley

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2011-03-10

Total Pages: 639

ISBN-13: 1444394894

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Frontiers in Geofluids is a collection of invited papers chosen to highlight recent developments in our understanding of geological fluids in different parts of the Earth, and published to mark the first ten years of publication of the journal Geofluids. The scope of the volume ranges from the fundamental properties of fluids and the phase relationships of fluids encountered in nature, to case studies of the role of fluids in natural processes. New developments in analytical and theoretical approaches to understanding fluid compositions, fluid properties, and geological fluid dynamics across a wide range of environments are included. A recurrent theme of research published in Geofluids is the way in which similar approaches can be applied to geological fluids in very different settings and this is reflected in the diverse range of applications of fluid studies that are included here. They include deep groundwater flow, hydrocarbons in faulted sedimentary basins, hydrothermal ores, and multiphase flow in mid-ocean ridge systems. Other topics covered are geothermal waters, crustal metamorphism, and fluids in magmatic systems. The book will be of great interest to researchers and students interested in crustal and mantle fluids of all sorts.

Book Synopsis Frontiers in Geofluids by : Bruce W. D. Yardley

Download or read book Frontiers in Geofluids written by Bruce W. D. Yardley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-10 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers in Geofluids is a collection of invited papers chosen to highlight recent developments in our understanding of geological fluids in different parts of the Earth, and published to mark the first ten years of publication of the journal Geofluids. The scope of the volume ranges from the fundamental properties of fluids and the phase relationships of fluids encountered in nature, to case studies of the role of fluids in natural processes. New developments in analytical and theoretical approaches to understanding fluid compositions, fluid properties, and geological fluid dynamics across a wide range of environments are included. A recurrent theme of research published in Geofluids is the way in which similar approaches can be applied to geological fluids in very different settings and this is reflected in the diverse range of applications of fluid studies that are included here. They include deep groundwater flow, hydrocarbons in faulted sedimentary basins, hydrothermal ores, and multiphase flow in mid-ocean ridge systems. Other topics covered are geothermal waters, crustal metamorphism, and fluids in magmatic systems. The book will be of great interest to researchers and students interested in crustal and mantle fluids of all sorts.

Advanced Renewable Energy Systems, (Part 1 and 2)

Author: S. C. Bhatia

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2014-04-14

Total Pages: 752

ISBN-13: 1782422730

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The book is a complete treatise on renewable energy sources and also includes issues relating to biofuels. It aims to serve as a text for undergraduate and postgraduate students in relevant disciplines and a reference for all the professionals in the related fields.

Book Synopsis Advanced Renewable Energy Systems, (Part 1 and 2) by : S. C. Bhatia

Download or read book Advanced Renewable Energy Systems, (Part 1 and 2) written by S. C. Bhatia and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-14 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a complete treatise on renewable energy sources and also includes issues relating to biofuels. It aims to serve as a text for undergraduate and postgraduate students in relevant disciplines and a reference for all the professionals in the related fields.

Marine Microbiology

Author: Colin Munn

Publisher: Garland Science

Published: 2011-04-01

Total Pages: 394

ISBN-13: 1136667520

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Marine Microbiology brings together microbial biology and ecology to create an integrated approach that addresses environmental management, human health, and economic concerns. The Second Edition takes into account many new discoveries in the field including the role of microbes in ocean processes and nutrient cycles, the importance of viruses, the beneficial role of marine microbes in biotechnology, biofuels, metagenomics and synthetic biology, and new research on the impact of climate change and ocean acidification. The first three sections review the main features of the marine environment and key aspects of marine microbial life; the second section examines the role of marine microorganisms in ecology; and the final section considers some of the applications of this knowledge in areas such as disease and biodegradation. Marine Microbiology is ideally suited for upper level undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers.

Book Synopsis Marine Microbiology by : Colin Munn

Download or read book Marine Microbiology written by Colin Munn and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Microbiology brings together microbial biology and ecology to create an integrated approach that addresses environmental management, human health, and economic concerns. The Second Edition takes into account many new discoveries in the field including the role of microbes in ocean processes and nutrient cycles, the importance of viruses, the beneficial role of marine microbes in biotechnology, biofuels, metagenomics and synthetic biology, and new research on the impact of climate change and ocean acidification. The first three sections review the main features of the marine environment and key aspects of marine microbial life; the second section examines the role of marine microorganisms in ecology; and the final section considers some of the applications of this knowledge in areas such as disease and biodegradation. Marine Microbiology is ideally suited for upper level undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers.

The Geochemical Origin of Microbes

Author: William F. Martin

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2024-06-27

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 1003859526

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This is a textbook covering the transition from energy releasing reactions on the early Earth to energy releasing reactions that fueled growth in the first microbial cells. It is for teachers and college students with an interest in microbiology, geosciences, biochemistry, evolution, or all of the above. The scope of the book is a quantum departure from existing “origin of life” books in that it starts with basic chemistry and links energy-releasing geochemical processes to the reactions of microbial metabolism. The text reaches across disciplines, providing students of the geosciences an origins/biology interface and bringing a geochemistry/origins interface to students of microbiology and evolution. Beginning with physical chemistry and transitioning across metabolic networks into microbiology, the timeline documents chemical events and organizational states in hydrothermal vents – the only environments known that bridge the gap between spontaneous chemical reactions that we can still observe in nature today and the physiology of microbes that live from H2, CO2, ammonia, phosphorus, inorganic salts and water. Life is a chemical reaction. What it is and how it arose are two sides of the same coin. Key Features Provides clear connections between geochemical reactions and microbial metabolism Focuses on chemical mechanisms and transition metals Richly illustrated with color figures explaining reactions and processes Covers the origin of the Earth, the origin of metabolism, the origin of protein synthesis and genetic information as well as the escape into the wild of the first free-living cells: Bacteria and Archaea

Book Synopsis The Geochemical Origin of Microbes by : William F. Martin

Download or read book The Geochemical Origin of Microbes written by William F. Martin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-27 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a textbook covering the transition from energy releasing reactions on the early Earth to energy releasing reactions that fueled growth in the first microbial cells. It is for teachers and college students with an interest in microbiology, geosciences, biochemistry, evolution, or all of the above. The scope of the book is a quantum departure from existing “origin of life” books in that it starts with basic chemistry and links energy-releasing geochemical processes to the reactions of microbial metabolism. The text reaches across disciplines, providing students of the geosciences an origins/biology interface and bringing a geochemistry/origins interface to students of microbiology and evolution. Beginning with physical chemistry and transitioning across metabolic networks into microbiology, the timeline documents chemical events and organizational states in hydrothermal vents – the only environments known that bridge the gap between spontaneous chemical reactions that we can still observe in nature today and the physiology of microbes that live from H2, CO2, ammonia, phosphorus, inorganic salts and water. Life is a chemical reaction. What it is and how it arose are two sides of the same coin. Key Features Provides clear connections between geochemical reactions and microbial metabolism Focuses on chemical mechanisms and transition metals Richly illustrated with color figures explaining reactions and processes Covers the origin of the Earth, the origin of metabolism, the origin of protein synthesis and genetic information as well as the escape into the wild of the first free-living cells: Bacteria and Archaea