Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China

Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China

Author: K. Gang Deng

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 1999-10-30

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 031337144X

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Challenging the stereotype of premodern China as an agricultural nation, this book examines the development of the maritime sector, maritime institutions, and sea power in the premodern era. Initially discussing topics related to China's exports, such as ship design and construction, goods produced solely for export, capital accumulation and investment in the maritime sector, and trade networking, the volume goes on to consider the impact of maritime institutions, governmental trade and non-trade policies, and Confucian attitudes toward maritime activities. Finally, the book shows how China obtained technological, economic, and naval supremacy in Asian waters until the 18th century and goes on to discuss the reasons for the decline of the maritime sector in the 19th century.


Book Synopsis Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China by : K. Gang Deng

Download or read book Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China written by K. Gang Deng and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1999-10-30 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenging the stereotype of premodern China as an agricultural nation, this book examines the development of the maritime sector, maritime institutions, and sea power in the premodern era. Initially discussing topics related to China's exports, such as ship design and construction, goods produced solely for export, capital accumulation and investment in the maritime sector, and trade networking, the volume goes on to consider the impact of maritime institutions, governmental trade and non-trade policies, and Confucian attitudes toward maritime activities. Finally, the book shows how China obtained technological, economic, and naval supremacy in Asian waters until the 18th century and goes on to discuss the reasons for the decline of the maritime sector in the 19th century.

The Making of a Maritime Power

The Making of a Maritime Power

Author: Zhiguo Kong

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-10-25

Total Pages: 186

ISBN-13: 9811017867

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This book is a valuable work of reference for the study of sea power, especially in China. It analyzes the challenges and problems facing China’s sea power and offers a complete set of solutions known as ‘sea exploitation.’ In this context, it discusses five aspects of China’s sea power: 1) It revises the notion of sea power and proposes a cost-benefit analysis framework for it. It holds that sea power is undergoing major changes, that multivariate completion and peaceful competition have become mainstream, that negative and zero-sum games have become positive sum games, and that the pursuit of control over the sea has gradually developed into efforts to establish dominance in a partnership. 2) By analyzing the increase in the benefits of China’s sea power, the rise in the nation’s ability-to-pay principle and the growth in the public expectation of China’s capability of providing global public goods, it points out that the rise of China’s sea power is an unavoidable trend. 3) It explores the challenges and problems facing China’s sea power, arguing that China is currently in a situation where it is daunted by large countries, troubled by small countries and its neighbors are expanding their armaments, which have combined to increase the cost of improving China’s sea power. Meanwhile, factors such as strategy vacuum, poor oceanic management and polices tending to restrict ocean development have substantially undermined the benefits of China’s sea power. 4) It summarizes features of China’s sea power and stresses that dilemmas of non-sovereign sea power expansion and sovereign sea power expansion, traumatic pressure and transcendental ideals, escalated conflict and peaceful appeal, etc. require China to articulate its stance on sea power on the one hand and possess the wisdom to resolve sea power problems peacefully on the other. 5) It proposes that China should draw on the experience of the Western Han Dynasty of ancient China, which adopted a land exploitation strategy and introduced a sea exploitation strategy, offering a unique way to implement sea exploitation strategies in China based on domestic and foreign practices.


Book Synopsis The Making of a Maritime Power by : Zhiguo Kong

Download or read book The Making of a Maritime Power written by Zhiguo Kong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a valuable work of reference for the study of sea power, especially in China. It analyzes the challenges and problems facing China’s sea power and offers a complete set of solutions known as ‘sea exploitation.’ In this context, it discusses five aspects of China’s sea power: 1) It revises the notion of sea power and proposes a cost-benefit analysis framework for it. It holds that sea power is undergoing major changes, that multivariate completion and peaceful competition have become mainstream, that negative and zero-sum games have become positive sum games, and that the pursuit of control over the sea has gradually developed into efforts to establish dominance in a partnership. 2) By analyzing the increase in the benefits of China’s sea power, the rise in the nation’s ability-to-pay principle and the growth in the public expectation of China’s capability of providing global public goods, it points out that the rise of China’s sea power is an unavoidable trend. 3) It explores the challenges and problems facing China’s sea power, arguing that China is currently in a situation where it is daunted by large countries, troubled by small countries and its neighbors are expanding their armaments, which have combined to increase the cost of improving China’s sea power. Meanwhile, factors such as strategy vacuum, poor oceanic management and polices tending to restrict ocean development have substantially undermined the benefits of China’s sea power. 4) It summarizes features of China’s sea power and stresses that dilemmas of non-sovereign sea power expansion and sovereign sea power expansion, traumatic pressure and transcendental ideals, escalated conflict and peaceful appeal, etc. require China to articulate its stance on sea power on the one hand and possess the wisdom to resolve sea power problems peacefully on the other. 5) It proposes that China should draw on the experience of the Western Han Dynasty of ancient China, which adopted a land exploitation strategy and introduced a sea exploitation strategy, offering a unique way to implement sea exploitation strategies in China based on domestic and foreign practices.

China as a Sea Power, 1127-1368

China as a Sea Power, 1127-1368

Author: Lo Jung-pang

Publisher: NUS Press

Published: 2012-01-01

Total Pages: 402

ISBN-13: 9971695057

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Lo Jung-pang argues that during each of the three periods when imperial China embarked on maritime enterprises (the Qin and Han dynasties, the Sui and early Tang dynasties, and Song, Yuan, and early Ming dynasties), coastal states took the initiative at a time when China was divided, maritime trade and exploration subsequently peaked when China was strong and unified, and declined as Chinese power weakened. At such times, China's people became absorbed by internal affairs, and state policy focused on threats from the north and the west. These cycles of maritime activity, each lasting roughly five hundred years, corresponded with cycles of cohesion and division, strength and weakness, prosperity and impoverishment, expansion and contraction. In the early 21st century, a strong and outward looking China is again building up its navy and seeking maritime dominance, with important implications for trade, diplomacy and naval affairs. Events will not necessarily follow the same course as in the past, but Lo Jung-pang's analysis suggests useful questions for the study of events as they unfold and decades to come.


Book Synopsis China as a Sea Power, 1127-1368 by : Lo Jung-pang

Download or read book China as a Sea Power, 1127-1368 written by Lo Jung-pang and published by NUS Press. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lo Jung-pang argues that during each of the three periods when imperial China embarked on maritime enterprises (the Qin and Han dynasties, the Sui and early Tang dynasties, and Song, Yuan, and early Ming dynasties), coastal states took the initiative at a time when China was divided, maritime trade and exploration subsequently peaked when China was strong and unified, and declined as Chinese power weakened. At such times, China's people became absorbed by internal affairs, and state policy focused on threats from the north and the west. These cycles of maritime activity, each lasting roughly five hundred years, corresponded with cycles of cohesion and division, strength and weakness, prosperity and impoverishment, expansion and contraction. In the early 21st century, a strong and outward looking China is again building up its navy and seeking maritime dominance, with important implications for trade, diplomacy and naval affairs. Events will not necessarily follow the same course as in the past, but Lo Jung-pang's analysis suggests useful questions for the study of events as they unfold and decades to come.

China, the United States, and 21st-century Sea Power

China, the United States, and 21st-century Sea Power

Author: Andrew S. Erickson

Publisher: US Naval Institute Press

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781591142430

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Political Science/International Relations


Book Synopsis China, the United States, and 21st-century Sea Power by : Andrew S. Erickson

Download or read book China, the United States, and 21st-century Sea Power written by Andrew S. Erickson and published by US Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political Science/International Relations

China's Maritime Security Strategy

China's Maritime Security Strategy

Author: Edward Sing Yue Chan

Publisher: Corbett Centre for Maritime Policy Studies Series

Published: 2023-05-31

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780367745707

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Introduction: What Makes China the Sea Power Today? -- Understand Maritime Security Strategy in China -- Deng Xiaoping's Era: A Limited Maritime Security Agenda -- Jiang Zemin's Era: When Maritime Security Became a Concern -- Hu Jintao's Era: The Rise of China in the "Maritime Century" -- Xi Jinping's Era: Constructing a Strong Maritime Power -- Conclusion: China the Twenty-First Century Sea Power.


Book Synopsis China's Maritime Security Strategy by : Edward Sing Yue Chan

Download or read book China's Maritime Security Strategy written by Edward Sing Yue Chan and published by Corbett Centre for Maritime Policy Studies Series. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: What Makes China the Sea Power Today? -- Understand Maritime Security Strategy in China -- Deng Xiaoping's Era: A Limited Maritime Security Agenda -- Jiang Zemin's Era: When Maritime Security Became a Concern -- Hu Jintao's Era: The Rise of China in the "Maritime Century" -- Xi Jinping's Era: Constructing a Strong Maritime Power -- Conclusion: China the Twenty-First Century Sea Power.

Asian Maritime Power in the 21st Century

Asian Maritime Power in the 21st Century

Author: Vijay Sakhuja

Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 380

ISBN-13: 981431109X

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Maritime power has been a key defining parameter of economic vitality and geostrategic power of nations. This book explores how the first decade of the 21st century has witnessed the rise of China and India as confident economic powers pivoting on high growth rates, exponential expansion of science, technology and industrial growth.


Book Synopsis Asian Maritime Power in the 21st Century by : Vijay Sakhuja

Download or read book Asian Maritime Power in the 21st Century written by Vijay Sakhuja and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2011 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maritime power has been a key defining parameter of economic vitality and geostrategic power of nations. This book explores how the first decade of the 21st century has witnessed the rise of China and India as confident economic powers pivoting on high growth rates, exponential expansion of science, technology and industrial growth.

Chinese Maritime Power in the 21st Century

Chinese Maritime Power in the 21st Century

Author: Hu Bo

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-08-23

Total Pages: 294

ISBN-13: 1000576604

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This book analyses China’s maritime strategy for the 21st century, integrating strategic planning, policy thinking and strategic prediction. This book explains the construction and application of China's military, political, economic and diplomatic means for building maritime power, and predicts the future of China's maritime power by 2049, as well as development trends in global maritime politics. It explores both the strengths and the limitations of President Xi’s ‘Maritime Dream’ and provides a candid assessment of the likely future balance at sea between China and the United States. This volume explains and discusses China’s claims and intentions in the East and South China Seas and makes some recommendations for China's future policy that will lessen the chance of conflict with the United States and its closer neighbors. This book will be of much interest to students of maritime strategy, naval studies, Chinese politics and International Relations in general.


Book Synopsis Chinese Maritime Power in the 21st Century by : Hu Bo

Download or read book Chinese Maritime Power in the 21st Century written by Hu Bo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-23 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses China’s maritime strategy for the 21st century, integrating strategic planning, policy thinking and strategic prediction. This book explains the construction and application of China's military, political, economic and diplomatic means for building maritime power, and predicts the future of China's maritime power by 2049, as well as development trends in global maritime politics. It explores both the strengths and the limitations of President Xi’s ‘Maritime Dream’ and provides a candid assessment of the likely future balance at sea between China and the United States. This volume explains and discusses China’s claims and intentions in the East and South China Seas and makes some recommendations for China's future policy that will lessen the chance of conflict with the United States and its closer neighbors. This book will be of much interest to students of maritime strategy, naval studies, Chinese politics and International Relations in general.

From Colonial Seaports to Modern Coastal Cities

From Colonial Seaports to Modern Coastal Cities

Author: Edmund Li Sheng

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2024-02-11

Total Pages: 126

ISBN-13: 9819990777

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This book explores China's ambition to build itself into a maritime power. Despite having a continental coastline of 18,000 kilometers and territorial waters that cover an area one-third the size of its land mass, China has traditionally been considered a continental power. However, Beijing is currently trying to change this historical situation through two national strategies. This book will use the world-island and sea-power theories to explore the development of China’s maritime power from historical and geopolitical perspectives. Using fieldwork, in-depth interviews, and comprehensive data collection, this book will present a series of compelling examples and vivid stories to help readers understand China’s maritime strategies, with interest for China scholars, historians and economists alike.


Book Synopsis From Colonial Seaports to Modern Coastal Cities by : Edmund Li Sheng

Download or read book From Colonial Seaports to Modern Coastal Cities written by Edmund Li Sheng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-02-11 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores China's ambition to build itself into a maritime power. Despite having a continental coastline of 18,000 kilometers and territorial waters that cover an area one-third the size of its land mass, China has traditionally been considered a continental power. However, Beijing is currently trying to change this historical situation through two national strategies. This book will use the world-island and sea-power theories to explore the development of China’s maritime power from historical and geopolitical perspectives. Using fieldwork, in-depth interviews, and comprehensive data collection, this book will present a series of compelling examples and vivid stories to help readers understand China’s maritime strategies, with interest for China scholars, historians and economists alike.

Empire in the Western Ocean

Empire in the Western Ocean

Author: Lo Jung-pang

Publisher: The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press

Published: 2023-03-01

Total Pages: 345

ISBN-13: 9882372716

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In this ground-breaking, posthumous study, the late Lo Jung-pang discusses the geographic, political, and commercial factors that led to the emergence of seapower and a navy under the Ming. While Zheng He and his seven expeditions have received some scholarly attention, few understand the long history of maritime engagement which provided the nautical and technical background for these voyages. The evolution of this maritime engagement and its extension into the Indian Ocean is the focus of Lo’s still-timely and highly significant work. In addition to detailing the rise of the Ming navy and its extraordinary accomplishments, Lo also examines some of the factors that led to the end of China’s first great maritime era: Why did China suddenly seem to turn away from the seas? Were the military defeats in Annam and on the northern borders significant in this? Or were financial pressures key? Empire in the Western Ocean represents the most comprehensive and insightful English-language treatment to date of the evolution and activities of the early Ming navy. Moreover, it encourages further inquiry into contemporary questions of China’s maritime aspirations. -------------- To aid the reader, a Foreword by Richard J. Smith discusses how Lo viewed the early Ming navy—not simply in terms of its evolution and military strength, but also in terms of the commerce and shipping that it promoted. This history is presented in the context of the centuries-long shift of China’s demographic center of gravity from the northwest to the southeast by the Song period (960–1279). In the Afterword, Ming scholar Geoff Wade explains how the Ming rulers, eager to widely display their legitimacy, sent military forces abroad, collected treasure for the imperial court, and urged rulers of all known states to demonstrate their submission to the Ming court. He also shows how this often gave rise to violence during the Ming expeditions.


Book Synopsis Empire in the Western Ocean by : Lo Jung-pang

Download or read book Empire in the Western Ocean written by Lo Jung-pang and published by The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press. This book was released on 2023-03-01 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this ground-breaking, posthumous study, the late Lo Jung-pang discusses the geographic, political, and commercial factors that led to the emergence of seapower and a navy under the Ming. While Zheng He and his seven expeditions have received some scholarly attention, few understand the long history of maritime engagement which provided the nautical and technical background for these voyages. The evolution of this maritime engagement and its extension into the Indian Ocean is the focus of Lo’s still-timely and highly significant work. In addition to detailing the rise of the Ming navy and its extraordinary accomplishments, Lo also examines some of the factors that led to the end of China’s first great maritime era: Why did China suddenly seem to turn away from the seas? Were the military defeats in Annam and on the northern borders significant in this? Or were financial pressures key? Empire in the Western Ocean represents the most comprehensive and insightful English-language treatment to date of the evolution and activities of the early Ming navy. Moreover, it encourages further inquiry into contemporary questions of China’s maritime aspirations. -------------- To aid the reader, a Foreword by Richard J. Smith discusses how Lo viewed the early Ming navy—not simply in terms of its evolution and military strength, but also in terms of the commerce and shipping that it promoted. This history is presented in the context of the centuries-long shift of China’s demographic center of gravity from the northwest to the southeast by the Song period (960–1279). In the Afterword, Ming scholar Geoff Wade explains how the Ming rulers, eager to widely display their legitimacy, sent military forces abroad, collected treasure for the imperial court, and urged rulers of all known states to demonstrate their submission to the Ming court. He also shows how this often gave rise to violence during the Ming expeditions.

China's Marine Legal System and the Law of the Sea

China's Marine Legal System and the Law of the Sea

Author: Keyuan Zou

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2005-06-01

Total Pages: 395

ISBN-13: 9047407652

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This volume focuses on the establishment and development of China’s marine legal system in the context of the new law of the sea centered on the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which China ratified in 1996.


Book Synopsis China's Marine Legal System and the Law of the Sea by : Keyuan Zou

Download or read book China's Marine Legal System and the Law of the Sea written by Keyuan Zou and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2005-06-01 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the establishment and development of China’s marine legal system in the context of the new law of the sea centered on the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which China ratified in 1996.