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Download or read book Materials Related to Welfare Research and Experimentation written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance
Publisher:
Published: 1978
Total Pages: 99
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDownload or read book Materials Related to Welfare Research and Experimentation - Staff Compilation, 95th Congress, 2nd Session, 1978 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: P.M. Sommers
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2013-04-09
Total Pages: 262
ISBN-13: 9400973896
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis is the second in a series of books growing out of the annual Mid dlebury College Conference on Economic Issues. The second confer ence, held in April 1980, focused on goals and realities of welfare reform. The objectives of the conference were threefold: (1) evaluation of the antipoverty effort so far; (2) discussion of welfare reform alternatives; and (3) prediction of how new initiatives would change work behavior and productivity. During the time this country has been engaged in a "war on poverty," two massive efforts to reform welfare, Richard M. Nixon's Family As sistance Plan (FAP) and Jimmy Carter's Program for Better Jobs and Income (PBJI), were proposed. Both defined national benefit levels and featured a negative income tax. Both measures were defeated in Congress. More modest efforts at reform have, however, changed the economic landscape. Because of the rapid growth in cash and in-kind transfer programs, income poverty is no longer the serious problem that it was in 1964. In fact, looking at the proliferation of programs and the substantial surge in participation rates, some politicians have even advocated a period of government retrenchment. In 1971, the governor of California vii viii INTRODUCTION proposed (and implemented) a major welfare reform in an attempt to stem the rapid growth of welfare caseloads that began in his state in 1967-68. He argued that savings from administrative improvements could be used to raise benefits for the "truly needy.
Download or read book Welfare Reform in America written by P.M. Sommers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-09 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second in a series of books growing out of the annual Mid dlebury College Conference on Economic Issues. The second confer ence, held in April 1980, focused on goals and realities of welfare reform. The objectives of the conference were threefold: (1) evaluation of the antipoverty effort so far; (2) discussion of welfare reform alternatives; and (3) prediction of how new initiatives would change work behavior and productivity. During the time this country has been engaged in a "war on poverty," two massive efforts to reform welfare, Richard M. Nixon's Family As sistance Plan (FAP) and Jimmy Carter's Program for Better Jobs and Income (PBJI), were proposed. Both defined national benefit levels and featured a negative income tax. Both measures were defeated in Congress. More modest efforts at reform have, however, changed the economic landscape. Because of the rapid growth in cash and in-kind transfer programs, income poverty is no longer the serious problem that it was in 1964. In fact, looking at the proliferation of programs and the substantial surge in participation rates, some politicians have even advocated a period of government retrenchment. In 1971, the governor of California vii viii INTRODUCTION proposed (and implemented) a major welfare reform in an attempt to stem the rapid growth of welfare caseloads that began in his state in 1967-68. He argued that savings from administrative improvements could be used to raise benefits for the "truly needy.
Download or read book Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare, and Related Agencies
Publisher:
Published: 1967
Total Pages: 1326
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDownload or read book Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare Appropriations for 1968 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare, and Related Agencies
Publisher:
Published: 1967
Total Pages: 396
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDownload or read book Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare Appropriations for 1968: Statement of the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: Robert F. Boruch
Publisher:
Published: 1983
Total Pages: 356
ISBN-13: 9780121186807
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDownload or read book Solutions to Ethical and Legal Problems in Social Research written by Robert F. Boruch and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Welfare of Experimental Animals written by Tim Allen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: Pablo Arechavala-Lopez
Publisher: MDPI
Published: 2019-11-18
Total Pages: 132
ISBN-13: 3039217100
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWelfare is a multidimensional concept that can be described as the state of an animal as it copes with the environment. Captive environments can impact farmed animals at different levels, especially fishes, considering their highly complex sensory world. Understanding the ethology of a species is therefore essential to address fish welfare, and the interpretation of behavioral responses in specific rearing contexts (aquaculture or experimental contexts) demands knowledge of their underlying physiological, developmental, functional, and evolutionary mechanisms. In natural environments, the stress response has evolved to help animals survive challenging conditions. However, animals are adapted to deal with natural stressors, while anthropogenic stimuli may represent stressors that fishes are unable to cope with. Under such circumstances, stress responses may be maladaptive and cause severe damage to the animal. As welfare in captivity is affected in multiple dimensions, multiple possible indicators can be used to assess the welfare state of individuals. In the past, research on welfare has been largely focusing on health indicators and predominantly based on physiological stress. Ethological indicators, however, also integrate the mental perspective of the individual and have been gradually assuming an important role in welfare research: behavioral responses to stressors are an early response to adverse conditions, easily observable, and demonstrative of emotional states. Many behavioral indicators can be used as non-invasive measurements of welfare in practical contexts such as aquaculture and experimentation. Presently, research in fish welfare is growing in importance and interest because of the growing economic importance of fish farming, the comparative biology opportunities that experimental fishes provide, and the increasing public sensitivity to welfare issues.
Download or read book Welfare of Cultured and Experimental Fishes written by Pablo Arechavala-Lopez and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-11-18 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welfare is a multidimensional concept that can be described as the state of an animal as it copes with the environment. Captive environments can impact farmed animals at different levels, especially fishes, considering their highly complex sensory world. Understanding the ethology of a species is therefore essential to address fish welfare, and the interpretation of behavioral responses in specific rearing contexts (aquaculture or experimental contexts) demands knowledge of their underlying physiological, developmental, functional, and evolutionary mechanisms. In natural environments, the stress response has evolved to help animals survive challenging conditions. However, animals are adapted to deal with natural stressors, while anthropogenic stimuli may represent stressors that fishes are unable to cope with. Under such circumstances, stress responses may be maladaptive and cause severe damage to the animal. As welfare in captivity is affected in multiple dimensions, multiple possible indicators can be used to assess the welfare state of individuals. In the past, research on welfare has been largely focusing on health indicators and predominantly based on physiological stress. Ethological indicators, however, also integrate the mental perspective of the individual and have been gradually assuming an important role in welfare research: behavioral responses to stressors are an early response to adverse conditions, easily observable, and demonstrative of emotional states. Many behavioral indicators can be used as non-invasive measurements of welfare in practical contexts such as aquaculture and experimentation. Presently, research in fish welfare is growing in importance and interest because of the growing economic importance of fish farming, the comparative biology opportunities that experimental fishes provide, and the increasing public sensitivity to welfare issues.
