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Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) steels are first candidate structural materials in future fusion technology. In this work a physically based model using Rate Theory is developed to describe nucleation and growth of helium bubbles in neutron irradiated RAFM steels. Several modifications of the basic diffusion limited model are presented allowing a comprehensive view of clustering effects and their influence on expected helium bubble size distributions.
Book Synopsis Modeling of Helium Bubble Nucleation and Growth in Neutron Irradiated RAFM Steels by : Christian Dethloff
Download or read book Modeling of Helium Bubble Nucleation and Growth in Neutron Irradiated RAFM Steels written by Christian Dethloff and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-22 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) steels are first candidate structural materials in future fusion technology. In this work a physically based model using Rate Theory is developed to describe nucleation and growth of helium bubbles in neutron irradiated RAFM steels. Several modifications of the basic diffusion limited model are presented allowing a comprehensive view of clustering effects and their influence on expected helium bubble size distributions.
Book Synopsis Modeling of Helium Bubble Nucleation and Growth in Neutron Irradiated RAFM Steels by : Christian Dethloff
Download or read book Modeling of Helium Bubble Nucleation and Growth in Neutron Irradiated RAFM Steels written by Christian Dethloff and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
A model is developed to describe homogeneous nucleation and growth of helium bubbles in reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels under neutron irradiation for timescales relevant to operation of a future fusion reactor. The model is based on kinetic rate equations for helium clustering, which are numerically solved by using a Fortran code. Model calculations are performed with helium production rates and helium contents adapted to ARBOR irradiation experiment, where helium effects were studied by irradiation of EUROFER97 based experimental steels doped with different contents of natural boron and separated 10B-isotope. The calculations, which are performed with effective helium diffusivity as a free parameter, yield the time evolution of the size distribution of helium clusters. The simulation results are very sensitive to the model parameters used. The simulated peak bubble diameter at the end of the irradiation experiments for different boron doped steels is between 2 and 8 nm depending on the model parameter. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation of a neutron irradiated boron doped steel revealed a homogeneous distribution of helium bubbles with no sign of preferential nucleation at microstructural sinks. Predominantly spherical appearance of the bubbles indicates a low helium density in the bubbles. By fitting the parameters the model yields a proper magnitude of peak bubble diameter and peak bubble density, though it still fails to properly reproduce the shape of the bubble size distribution. Possible reasons for this observation are discussed.
Book Synopsis Modeling and TEM Investigation of Helium Bubble Growth in RAFM Steels Under Neutron Irradiation by : O. J. Weiß
Download or read book Modeling and TEM Investigation of Helium Bubble Growth in RAFM Steels Under Neutron Irradiation written by O. J. Weiß and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model is developed to describe homogeneous nucleation and growth of helium bubbles in reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels under neutron irradiation for timescales relevant to operation of a future fusion reactor. The model is based on kinetic rate equations for helium clustering, which are numerically solved by using a Fortran code. Model calculations are performed with helium production rates and helium contents adapted to ARBOR irradiation experiment, where helium effects were studied by irradiation of EUROFER97 based experimental steels doped with different contents of natural boron and separated 10B-isotope. The calculations, which are performed with effective helium diffusivity as a free parameter, yield the time evolution of the size distribution of helium clusters. The simulation results are very sensitive to the model parameters used. The simulated peak bubble diameter at the end of the irradiation experiments for different boron doped steels is between 2 and 8 nm depending on the model parameter. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation of a neutron irradiated boron doped steel revealed a homogeneous distribution of helium bubbles with no sign of preferential nucleation at microstructural sinks. Predominantly spherical appearance of the bubbles indicates a low helium density in the bubbles. By fitting the parameters the model yields a proper magnitude of peak bubble diameter and peak bubble density, though it still fails to properly reproduce the shape of the bubble size distribution. Possible reasons for this observation are discussed.
Helium atoms are generated in neutron-irradiated stainless steels. In order to predict the post-irradiation weldability, a model is presented to calculate helium bubble formation along grain boundaries during welding of helium containing stainless steels. It calculates helium diffusion toward the grain boundary, bubble nucleation, coalescence and growth at the grain boundary, using the temperature and stress changes during welding. Annealing experiments of helium implanted stainless steels at constant temperatures are analyzed first to examine the bubble formation without tensile stresses. Good agreement with measurements is obtained for the bubble density and the average radius. Then, bubble formations are calculated for a bead-on-tube welding test on a neutron-irradiated stainless steel. Good correlation is confirmed between bubble formation calculations and the crack formation observed in the welding test.
Book Synopsis Modeling of Helium Bubble Formation During Welding of Irradiated Stainless Steels by : M. Mochizuki
Download or read book Modeling of Helium Bubble Formation During Welding of Irradiated Stainless Steels written by M. Mochizuki and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helium atoms are generated in neutron-irradiated stainless steels. In order to predict the post-irradiation weldability, a model is presented to calculate helium bubble formation along grain boundaries during welding of helium containing stainless steels. It calculates helium diffusion toward the grain boundary, bubble nucleation, coalescence and growth at the grain boundary, using the temperature and stress changes during welding. Annealing experiments of helium implanted stainless steels at constant temperatures are analyzed first to examine the bubble formation without tensile stresses. Good agreement with measurements is obtained for the bubble density and the average radius. Then, bubble formations are calculated for a bead-on-tube welding test on a neutron-irradiated stainless steel. Good correlation is confirmed between bubble formation calculations and the crack formation observed in the welding test.
Book Synopsis Nuclear Fusion Programme: Annual Report of the Association Karlsruhe Institute of Technology/EURATOM ; January 2012 - December 2012 by : Pleli, Ingrid
Download or read book Nuclear Fusion Programme: Annual Report of the Association Karlsruhe Institute of Technology/EURATOM ; January 2012 - December 2012 written by Pleli, Ingrid and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-19 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
A wide variety of ion beam techniques are being used in several versatile applications ranging from environmental science, nuclear physics, microdevice fabrication to materials science. In addition, new applications of ion beam techniques across a broad range of disciplines and fields are also being discovered frequently. In this book, the latest research and development on progress in ion beam techniques has been compiled and an overview of ion beam irradiation-induced applications in nanomaterial-focused ion beam applications, ion beam analysis techniques, as well as ion implantation application in cells is provided. Moreover, simulations of ion beam-induced damage to structural materials of nuclear fusion reactors are also presented in this book.
Book Synopsis Ion Beam Techniques and Applications by : Ishaq Ahmad
Download or read book Ion Beam Techniques and Applications written by Ishaq Ahmad and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide variety of ion beam techniques are being used in several versatile applications ranging from environmental science, nuclear physics, microdevice fabrication to materials science. In addition, new applications of ion beam techniques across a broad range of disciplines and fields are also being discovered frequently. In this book, the latest research and development on progress in ion beam techniques has been compiled and an overview of ion beam irradiation-induced applications in nanomaterial-focused ion beam applications, ion beam analysis techniques, as well as ion implantation application in cells is provided. Moreover, simulations of ion beam-induced damage to structural materials of nuclear fusion reactors are also presented in this book.
Small scale mechanical deformations have gained a significant interest over the past few decades, driven by the advances in integrated circuits and microelectromechanical systems. One of the most powerful and versatile characterization methods is the nanoindentation technique. The capabilities of these depth-sensing instruments have been improved considerably. They can perform experiments in vacuum and at high temperatures, such as in-situ SEM and TEM nanoindenters. This allows researchers to visualize mechanical deformations and dislocations motion in real time. Time-dependent behavior of soft materials has also been studied in recent research works. This Special Issue on "Small Scale Deformation using Advanced Nanoindentation Techniques"; will provide a forum for researchers from the academic and industrial communities to present advances in the field of small scale contact mechanics. Materials of interest include metals, glass, and ceramics. Manuscripts related to deformations of biomaterials and biological related specimens are also welcome. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: Small scale facture Nanoscale plasticity and creep Size-dependent deformation phenomena Deformation of biological cells Mechanical properties of cellular and sub-cellular components Novel mechanical properties characterization techniques New modeling methods Environmentally controlled nanoindentation In-situ SEM and TEM indentation
Book Synopsis Small Scale Deformation using Advanced Nanoindentation Techniques by : Ting Tsui
Download or read book Small Scale Deformation using Advanced Nanoindentation Techniques written by Ting Tsui and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small scale mechanical deformations have gained a significant interest over the past few decades, driven by the advances in integrated circuits and microelectromechanical systems. One of the most powerful and versatile characterization methods is the nanoindentation technique. The capabilities of these depth-sensing instruments have been improved considerably. They can perform experiments in vacuum and at high temperatures, such as in-situ SEM and TEM nanoindenters. This allows researchers to visualize mechanical deformations and dislocations motion in real time. Time-dependent behavior of soft materials has also been studied in recent research works. This Special Issue on "Small Scale Deformation using Advanced Nanoindentation Techniques"; will provide a forum for researchers from the academic and industrial communities to present advances in the field of small scale contact mechanics. Materials of interest include metals, glass, and ceramics. Manuscripts related to deformations of biomaterials and biological related specimens are also welcome. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: Small scale facture Nanoscale plasticity and creep Size-dependent deformation phenomena Deformation of biological cells Mechanical properties of cellular and sub-cellular components Novel mechanical properties characterization techniques New modeling methods Environmentally controlled nanoindentation In-situ SEM and TEM indentation
In this work, the ratcheting-behavior of 9%Cr-1%Mo ferritic-martensitic steel is studied with uniaxial cyclic loading. To describe the ratcheting-behavior of this steel, a visco-plastic constitutive model with consideration of cyclic softening of Reduced Activation Ferritic Martensitic steels is further modified, based on the analysis of back stress.
Book Synopsis Characterization and Modeling of the Ratcheting Behavior of the Ferritic-Martensitic Steel P91 by : Zhang, Kuo
Download or read book Characterization and Modeling of the Ratcheting Behavior of the Ferritic-Martensitic Steel P91 written by Zhang, Kuo and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, the ratcheting-behavior of 9%Cr-1%Mo ferritic-martensitic steel is studied with uniaxial cyclic loading. To describe the ratcheting-behavior of this steel, a visco-plastic constitutive model with consideration of cyclic softening of Reduced Activation Ferritic Martensitic steels is further modified, based on the analysis of back stress.
The phase-field method is a powerful tool in computer-aided materials science as it allows for the analysis of the time-spatial evolution of microstructures on the mesoscale. A multi-phase-field model is adopted to run numerical simulations in two different areas of scientific interest: Polycrystalline thin films growth and the ferromagnetic shape memory effect. FFT-techniques, norm conservative integration and RVE-methods are necessary to make the coupled problems numerically feasible.
Book Synopsis Phase-field Modeling of Multi-domain Evolution in Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys and of Polycrystalline Thin Film Growth by : Christian Mennerich
Download or read book Phase-field Modeling of Multi-domain Evolution in Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys and of Polycrystalline Thin Film Growth written by Christian Mennerich and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-13 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phase-field method is a powerful tool in computer-aided materials science as it allows for the analysis of the time-spatial evolution of microstructures on the mesoscale. A multi-phase-field model is adopted to run numerical simulations in two different areas of scientific interest: Polycrystalline thin films growth and the ferromagnetic shape memory effect. FFT-techniques, norm conservative integration and RVE-methods are necessary to make the coupled problems numerically feasible.
With the advent of high performance computing, the application areas of the phase-field method, traditionally used to numerically model the phase transformation in metals and alloys, have now spanned into geoscience. A systematic investigation of the two distinct scientific problems in consideration suggest a strong influence of interfacial energy on the natural and induced pattern formation in diffusion-controlled regime.
Book Synopsis Phase-field modeling of microstructural pattern formation in alloys and geological veins by : Ankit, Kumar
Download or read book Phase-field modeling of microstructural pattern formation in alloys and geological veins written by Ankit, Kumar and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-31 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of high performance computing, the application areas of the phase-field method, traditionally used to numerically model the phase transformation in metals and alloys, have now spanned into geoscience. A systematic investigation of the two distinct scientific problems in consideration suggest a strong influence of interfacial energy on the natural and induced pattern formation in diffusion-controlled regime.
