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Author: Wolfgang Eichhorn
Publisher:
Published: 1994-10-05
Total Pages: 1034
ISBN-13: 9783642790386
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDownload or read book Models and Measurement of Welfare and Inequality written by Wolfgang Eichhorn and published by . This book was released on 1994-10-05 with total page 1034 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: Wolfgang Eichhorn
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 1021
ISBN-13: 3642790372
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe literature on economic problems connected with measuring and modelling of welfare and inequality has grown rapidly within the last decade. Since this literature is scattered throughout a great number of journals on economics, economic theory, econometrics, and statisties, it is difficult to get an adequate picture of the present state of the art. Therefore books should appear from time to time, which offer a representative cross-section of the latest results of research on: the subject. This book offers such material. It contains 54 articles by 84 authors from four of the five continents. Each paper has been reviewed by two referees. As a conse quence, the contributions of this book are revised versions, or, in many cases, revised revisions of the original papers. The book is divided into four parts. Part I: Measurement of Inequality and Poverty This part contains eleven papers on theory and empirical applications of inequa lity and/or poverty measures. Two contributions deal with, among other things, experimental findings on questions concerning the acceptance of distributional axioms. Part II: Taxation and Redistribution Distributional or, rather, redistributional aspects play an important role in Part II. The topics of the 14 papers included in this part range from tax progressivity and redistribution, allocative consequences of splitting under income taxation, and connections between income tax and cost-of-living indices to merit goods and welfarism as well as to welfare aspects of tax reforms.
Download or read book Models and Measurement of Welfare and Inequality written by Wolfgang Eichhorn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1021 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature on economic problems connected with measuring and modelling of welfare and inequality has grown rapidly within the last decade. Since this literature is scattered throughout a great number of journals on economics, economic theory, econometrics, and statisties, it is difficult to get an adequate picture of the present state of the art. Therefore books should appear from time to time, which offer a representative cross-section of the latest results of research on: the subject. This book offers such material. It contains 54 articles by 84 authors from four of the five continents. Each paper has been reviewed by two referees. As a conse quence, the contributions of this book are revised versions, or, in many cases, revised revisions of the original papers. The book is divided into four parts. Part I: Measurement of Inequality and Poverty This part contains eleven papers on theory and empirical applications of inequa lity and/or poverty measures. Two contributions deal with, among other things, experimental findings on questions concerning the acceptance of distributional axioms. Part II: Taxation and Redistribution Distributional or, rather, redistributional aspects play an important role in Part II. The topics of the 14 papers included in this part range from tax progressivity and redistribution, allocative consequences of splitting under income taxation, and connections between income tax and cost-of-living indices to merit goods and welfarism as well as to welfare aspects of tax reforms.
Author: Dale Weldeau Jorgenson
Publisher: MIT Press
Published: 1997
Total Pages: 476
ISBN-13: 9780262100632
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume presents an approach to the evaluation of economic policies through the econometric modeling of aggregate consumer behavior. While the preferences of individual consumers are revealed by their market choices, these preferences can be recovered only by econometric methods, not through the index numbers used in the official statistics. The richer and more robust methodology presented in this volume provides a fruitful point of departure for future policy evaluations. The econometric approach replaces ordinal measures of individual welfare that cannot be compared among individuals with cardinal measures that can. These are combined into an indicator of social welfare that reflects principles of horizontal and vertical equity. This approach unifies the measurement of poverty, inequality, and cost and standard of living. It extends the scope of normative economics to a broader range of issues in the evaluation of economic and social policies.
Download or read book Welfare: Measuring social welfare written by Dale Weldeau Jorgenson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents an approach to the evaluation of economic policies through the econometric modeling of aggregate consumer behavior. While the preferences of individual consumers are revealed by their market choices, these preferences can be recovered only by econometric methods, not through the index numbers used in the official statistics. The richer and more robust methodology presented in this volume provides a fruitful point of departure for future policy evaluations. The econometric approach replaces ordinal measures of individual welfare that cannot be compared among individuals with cardinal measures that can. These are combined into an indicator of social welfare that reflects principles of horizontal and vertical equity. This approach unifies the measurement of poverty, inequality, and cost and standard of living. It extends the scope of normative economics to a broader range of issues in the evaluation of economic and social policies.
Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1996
Total Pages: 36
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDownload or read book Issues in Measuring and Modeling Poverty written by Martin Ravallion and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author: Antonio Villar
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2016-12-24
Total Pages: 177
ISBN-13: 3319455621
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThese lectures aim to help readers understand the logics and nature of the main indicators of inequality and poverty, with special attention to their social welfare underpinnings. The key approach consists in linking inequality and poverty measurement with welfare evaluation. As concern for inequality and poverty stems from ethical considerations, the measurement of those aspects necessarily involves some value judgments. Those value judgments can be linked, directly or indirectly, to welfare assessments on the distribution of personal and social opportunities. Inequality and poverty are thus considered to be partial aspects of the welfare evaluation of the opportunities in a given society. The volume includes two applications that illustrate how the models can be implemented. They refer to inequality of opportunity and poverty in education, using PISA data.
Download or read book Lectures on Inequality, Poverty and Welfare written by Antonio Villar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-24 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These lectures aim to help readers understand the logics and nature of the main indicators of inequality and poverty, with special attention to their social welfare underpinnings. The key approach consists in linking inequality and poverty measurement with welfare evaluation. As concern for inequality and poverty stems from ethical considerations, the measurement of those aspects necessarily involves some value judgments. Those value judgments can be linked, directly or indirectly, to welfare assessments on the distribution of personal and social opportunities. Inequality and poverty are thus considered to be partial aspects of the welfare evaluation of the opportunities in a given society. The volume includes two applications that illustrate how the models can be implemented. They refer to inequality of opportunity and poverty in education, using PISA data.
Author: Nanak Kakwani
Publisher: New York : Published for the World Bank [by] Oxford University Press
Published: 1980
Total Pages: 436
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDeals with income distribution methods and their economic applications.
Download or read book Income Inequality and Poverty written by Nanak Kakwani and published by New York : Published for the World Bank [by] Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deals with income distribution methods and their economic applications.
Author: Dieter Bös
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 435
ISBN-13: 3642733700
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHans-Werner Sinn, Munich, West Germany This book contains 15 papers presented at a conference in Neresheim, West Ger many, in June 1986. The articles were selected by anonymous referees and most of them have undergone substantial revisions since their presentation. The common topic is measurement of welfare, both from efficiency and from equity perspectives. For many economists, welfare is a diffuse, arbitrary and am biguous concept. The papers collected in this book show that this view is not justified. Though not beyond all doubt, welfare theory today is crisp and clear, offering fairly straightforward measuring concepts. It even comes up with numbers that measure society's advantage or disadvantage from specific policy options in monetary units. Politicians get something they can intuitively understand and argue with, and they do not have to be afraid that all this is metaphysics or the result of the scientist's personal value judgements. Some economists, whom I would classify as belonging to the "everything is optimal" school, would claim that providing politicians with numerical welfare measures is superfluous or even dangerous. The world is as it is, and any attempt to give policy advice can only make things worse. I do not share this view. There are good policies and there are bad ones, but it may not be easy to distinguish between them. There is a role for consulting politicians, Dr.
Download or read book Welfare and Efficiency in Public Economics written by Dieter Bös and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hans-Werner Sinn, Munich, West Germany This book contains 15 papers presented at a conference in Neresheim, West Ger many, in June 1986. The articles were selected by anonymous referees and most of them have undergone substantial revisions since their presentation. The common topic is measurement of welfare, both from efficiency and from equity perspectives. For many economists, welfare is a diffuse, arbitrary and am biguous concept. The papers collected in this book show that this view is not justified. Though not beyond all doubt, welfare theory today is crisp and clear, offering fairly straightforward measuring concepts. It even comes up with numbers that measure society's advantage or disadvantage from specific policy options in monetary units. Politicians get something they can intuitively understand and argue with, and they do not have to be afraid that all this is metaphysics or the result of the scientist's personal value judgements. Some economists, whom I would classify as belonging to the "everything is optimal" school, would claim that providing politicians with numerical welfare measures is superfluous or even dangerous. The world is as it is, and any attempt to give policy advice can only make things worse. I do not share this view. There are good policies and there are bad ones, but it may not be easy to distinguish between them. There is a role for consulting politicians, Dr.
Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher:
Published: 2016
Total Pages: 1
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKEconomists have relied heavily on household incomes or expenditures normalized for differences in household specific prices and demographics in their research and policy advice related to poverty and inequality. Recognizing the conceptual and empirical problems that confound such measures does not mean that they should be ignored. Instead, it indicates the need for supplementary measures to capture the missing items. Implementing a genuinely multidimensional approach will often make the welfare rankings of social states more difficult, but that fact points to the nonrobustness of low-dimensional rankings. This may have its own policy ramifications, with the possibility of correspondence between policy instruments and welfare objectives. The model types used to understand the poverty and inequity determination processes will be affected. Not only will there be more dependent variables to consider, but variables will have potentially complex relationships. These relationships will often be hard to empirically disentangle, despite richer integrated and longitudinal data sets. Such data open rich and relevant agenda for research into the dynamics of poverty along multiple dimensions. A simultaneous attack on these issues from all three fronts - measurement, modeling, and data - offers hope of establishing a credible empirical foundation for public action in fighting poverty.
Download or read book Issues in Measuring and Modeling Poverty written by Martin Ravallion and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists have relied heavily on household incomes or expenditures normalized for differences in household specific prices and demographics in their research and policy advice related to poverty and inequality. Recognizing the conceptual and empirical problems that confound such measures does not mean that they should be ignored. Instead, it indicates the need for supplementary measures to capture the missing items. Implementing a genuinely multidimensional approach will often make the welfare rankings of social states more difficult, but that fact points to the nonrobustness of low-dimensional rankings. This may have its own policy ramifications, with the possibility of correspondence between policy instruments and welfare objectives. The model types used to understand the poverty and inequity determination processes will be affected. Not only will there be more dependent variables to consider, but variables will have potentially complex relationships. These relationships will often be hard to empirically disentangle, despite richer integrated and longitudinal data sets. Such data open rich and relevant agenda for research into the dynamics of poverty along multiple dimensions. A simultaneous attack on these issues from all three fronts - measurement, modeling, and data - offers hope of establishing a credible empirical foundation for public action in fighting poverty.
Author: M. McGillivray
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2006-08-10
Total Pages: 285
ISBN-13: 0230625592
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book examines inequality, poverty and well-being concepts and corresponding empirical measures. Attempting to push future research in new and important directions, the book has a strong analytical orientation, consisting of a mix of conceptual and empirical analyses that constitute new and innovative contributions to the research literature.
Download or read book Inequality, Poverty and Well-being written by M. McGillivray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-08-10 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines inequality, poverty and well-being concepts and corresponding empirical measures. Attempting to push future research in new and important directions, the book has a strong analytical orientation, consisting of a mix of conceptual and empirical analyses that constitute new and innovative contributions to the research literature.
Author: Maja Rynko
Publisher:
Published: 2012
Total Pages: 123
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis thesis addresses welfare measurement issues, with an emphasis on the measurement of happiness and inequality. It contributes to the economic literature in both methodological and empirical terms, with the empirical analysis employing the PACO/CHER, ECHP and GSS datasets. Although human welfare is a multidimensional concept, a classical approach is to simply investigate the distribution of wealth and/or income. Our first chapter analyses income distribution in Poland, using comprehensive data from the year 2000. We use the concept of stochastic dominance to investigate the extent to which the income of certain subgroups (based largely on combinations of gender, education, and region) unambiguously exceeds that of others, and examine and formally assess hypotheses of stochastic dominance using recently developed statistical tests. The results of this approach are contrasted with simple scalar measures of inequality that are conventionally used. We find that males, the higher educated and those living in the urban areas are better off, while the regional dominance relationship are diffcult to establish. However, to a large extent human welfare draws on subjective feelings of happiness or similar subjective well-being concepts. While self-assessments of well-being can be elicited, the relation of such expressions to the underlying concept is intrinsically problematic. Consequently, in our second and third chapters we present a semiparametric framework that allows for the modeling of latent variables. This item response theory methodology is first applied to assess the differences in "happiness" across selected European states. A more detailed analysis suggests that the genesis of happiness is affected by relative social status; income is more important to high status individuals for example. The third chapter concerns further challenges in happiness measurement in the presence of framing effects and/or differential item functioning (\DIF"). The impact of the ordering of questions on subjective well-being responses is studied under an extended item response theory model incorporating the DIF feature of the survey. Contrary to previous studies, the results indicate that individuals' happiness estimates are largely unbiased when the framing experiment is ignored. The methodology we develop allows for the assessment of framing and DIF effects and permits inter-subject comparison and analysis even when such effects are large.
Download or read book On the Measurement of Welfare, Happiness and Inequality written by Maja Rynko and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis addresses welfare measurement issues, with an emphasis on the measurement of happiness and inequality. It contributes to the economic literature in both methodological and empirical terms, with the empirical analysis employing the PACO/CHER, ECHP and GSS datasets. Although human welfare is a multidimensional concept, a classical approach is to simply investigate the distribution of wealth and/or income. Our first chapter analyses income distribution in Poland, using comprehensive data from the year 2000. We use the concept of stochastic dominance to investigate the extent to which the income of certain subgroups (based largely on combinations of gender, education, and region) unambiguously exceeds that of others, and examine and formally assess hypotheses of stochastic dominance using recently developed statistical tests. The results of this approach are contrasted with simple scalar measures of inequality that are conventionally used. We find that males, the higher educated and those living in the urban areas are better off, while the regional dominance relationship are diffcult to establish. However, to a large extent human welfare draws on subjective feelings of happiness or similar subjective well-being concepts. While self-assessments of well-being can be elicited, the relation of such expressions to the underlying concept is intrinsically problematic. Consequently, in our second and third chapters we present a semiparametric framework that allows for the modeling of latent variables. This item response theory methodology is first applied to assess the differences in "happiness" across selected European states. A more detailed analysis suggests that the genesis of happiness is affected by relative social status; income is more important to high status individuals for example. The third chapter concerns further challenges in happiness measurement in the presence of framing effects and/or differential item functioning (\DIF"). The impact of the ordering of questions on subjective well-being responses is studied under an extended item response theory model incorporating the DIF feature of the survey. Contrary to previous studies, the results indicate that individuals' happiness estimates are largely unbiased when the framing experiment is ignored. The methodology we develop allows for the assessment of framing and DIF effects and permits inter-subject comparison and analysis even when such effects are large.
