Models of Thought

Models of Thought

Author: Herbert Alexander Simon

Publisher: Yale University Press

Published: 1979-01-01

Total Pages: 550

ISBN-13: 9780300024326

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Nobel Laureate Herbert A. Simon has in the past quarter century been in the front line of the information-processing revolution; in fact, to a remarkable extent his and his colleagues' contributions have written the history of that revolution in cognitive psychology. Research in this burgeoning new branch of knowledge seeks to describe with precision the workings of the human mind in terms of a small number of basic mechanisms organized into strategies. Newly developed computer languages express theories of mental processes, so that computers can then simulate the predicted human behavior. This book brings together papers dating from the start of Simon's career to the present. Its focus is on modeling the chief components of human cognition and on testing these models experimentally. After considering basic structural elements of the human information-processing system (especially search, selective attention, and storage in memory), Simon builds from these components a system capable of solving problems, inducing rules and concepts, perceiving, and understanding. These essays describe a relatively austere, simple, and unified processing system capable of highly complex and various tasks. They provide strong evidence for an explanation of human thinking in terms of basic information processes.


Book Synopsis Models of Thought by : Herbert Alexander Simon

Download or read book Models of Thought written by Herbert Alexander Simon and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1979-01-01 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nobel Laureate Herbert A. Simon has in the past quarter century been in the front line of the information-processing revolution; in fact, to a remarkable extent his and his colleagues' contributions have written the history of that revolution in cognitive psychology. Research in this burgeoning new branch of knowledge seeks to describe with precision the workings of the human mind in terms of a small number of basic mechanisms organized into strategies. Newly developed computer languages express theories of mental processes, so that computers can then simulate the predicted human behavior. This book brings together papers dating from the start of Simon's career to the present. Its focus is on modeling the chief components of human cognition and on testing these models experimentally. After considering basic structural elements of the human information-processing system (especially search, selective attention, and storage in memory), Simon builds from these components a system capable of solving problems, inducing rules and concepts, perceiving, and understanding. These essays describe a relatively austere, simple, and unified processing system capable of highly complex and various tasks. They provide strong evidence for an explanation of human thinking in terms of basic information processes.

The Great Mental Models, Volume 1

The Great Mental Models, Volume 1

Author: Shane Parrish

Publisher: Penguin

Published: 2024-10-15

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 0593719972

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Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage.


Book Synopsis The Great Mental Models, Volume 1 by : Shane Parrish

Download or read book The Great Mental Models, Volume 1 written by Shane Parrish and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2024-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage.

Cultural Models in Language and Thought

Cultural Models in Language and Thought

Author: Dorothy Holland

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1987-01-30

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 9780521311687

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A multidisciplinary collaboration exploring the role of cultural knowledge in everyday language and understanding.


Book Synopsis Cultural Models in Language and Thought by : Dorothy Holland

Download or read book Cultural Models in Language and Thought written by Dorothy Holland and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-01-30 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary collaboration exploring the role of cultural knowledge in everyday language and understanding.

The Systems Thinker - Mental Models

The Systems Thinker - Mental Models

Author: Albert Rutherford

Publisher: Vdz

Published: 2020-02-11

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 9781951385781

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Regain focus. Select relevant information. Make quick and clear decisions. We are dealing with too many options, too much information, conflicting advice on general choices like what diet to choose, or who to choose as a mate. It's hard to maintain focus and be confident in our decisions under such conditions. The Systems Thinker -Mental Models helps you make decisions based on your relevant thought patterns and true values. Finding the most relevant information to YOU, the best decision to YOU is a matter of exploring YOUR thoughts and wants. Mental models are cognitive frameworks that you can use to make order in your head, tune out the noise, and focus on what's important - without getting overwhelmed. Mental models provide transparency, order, deeper understanding, context, and most importantly, a clear solution or conclusion about problems. Using systems thinking as your leading cognitive tool will provide depth AND width to your mental analysis. Learn how corporate executives, economists, and policy makers analyze big data and make decisions based on it. -Discover 12 powerful thinking tools to facilitate your though processes -Understanding and model dynamic systems -Learn to use mental models through real-life examples Mental models are so much more than a cognitive tool; they help with productivity, enhance understanding, boost critical thinking, and analytical skills. -Understand how corporations make multidimensional decisions -Learn to design your own mental models to map out your real priorities -Learn to include soft variables such as emotions into your analysis -Shift your mindset from blaming to accountability and resolve conflicts easier.


Book Synopsis The Systems Thinker - Mental Models by : Albert Rutherford

Download or read book The Systems Thinker - Mental Models written by Albert Rutherford and published by Vdz. This book was released on 2020-02-11 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regain focus. Select relevant information. Make quick and clear decisions. We are dealing with too many options, too much information, conflicting advice on general choices like what diet to choose, or who to choose as a mate. It's hard to maintain focus and be confident in our decisions under such conditions. The Systems Thinker -Mental Models helps you make decisions based on your relevant thought patterns and true values. Finding the most relevant information to YOU, the best decision to YOU is a matter of exploring YOUR thoughts and wants. Mental models are cognitive frameworks that you can use to make order in your head, tune out the noise, and focus on what's important - without getting overwhelmed. Mental models provide transparency, order, deeper understanding, context, and most importantly, a clear solution or conclusion about problems. Using systems thinking as your leading cognitive tool will provide depth AND width to your mental analysis. Learn how corporate executives, economists, and policy makers analyze big data and make decisions based on it. -Discover 12 powerful thinking tools to facilitate your though processes -Understanding and model dynamic systems -Learn to use mental models through real-life examples Mental models are so much more than a cognitive tool; they help with productivity, enhance understanding, boost critical thinking, and analytical skills. -Understand how corporations make multidimensional decisions -Learn to design your own mental models to map out your real priorities -Learn to include soft variables such as emotions into your analysis -Shift your mindset from blaming to accountability and resolve conflicts easier.

Models of the Mind

Models of the Mind

Author: Grace Lindsay

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2021-03-04

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 1472966457

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The human brain is made up of 85 billion neurons, which are connected by over 100 trillion synapses. For more than a century, a diverse array of researchers searched for a language that could be used to capture the essence of what these neurons do and how they communicate – and how those communications create thoughts, perceptions and actions. The language they were looking for was mathematics, and we would not be able to understand the brain as we do today without it. In Models of the Mind, author and computational neuroscientist Grace Lindsay explains how mathematical models have allowed scientists to understand and describe many of the brain's processes, including decision-making, sensory processing, quantifying memory, and more. She introduces readers to the most important concepts in modern neuroscience, and highlights the tensions that arise when the abstract world of mathematical modelling collides with the messy details of biology. Each chapter of Models of the Mind focuses on mathematical tools that have been applied in a particular area of neuroscience, progressing from the simplest building block of the brain – the individual neuron – through to circuits of interacting neurons, whole brain areas and even the behaviours that brains command. In addition, Grace examines the history of the field, starting with experiments done on frog legs in the late eighteenth century and building to the large models of artificial neural networks that form the basis of modern artificial intelligence. Throughout, she reveals the value of using the elegant language of mathematics to describe the machinery of neuroscience.


Book Synopsis Models of the Mind by : Grace Lindsay

Download or read book Models of the Mind written by Grace Lindsay and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human brain is made up of 85 billion neurons, which are connected by over 100 trillion synapses. For more than a century, a diverse array of researchers searched for a language that could be used to capture the essence of what these neurons do and how they communicate – and how those communications create thoughts, perceptions and actions. The language they were looking for was mathematics, and we would not be able to understand the brain as we do today without it. In Models of the Mind, author and computational neuroscientist Grace Lindsay explains how mathematical models have allowed scientists to understand and describe many of the brain's processes, including decision-making, sensory processing, quantifying memory, and more. She introduces readers to the most important concepts in modern neuroscience, and highlights the tensions that arise when the abstract world of mathematical modelling collides with the messy details of biology. Each chapter of Models of the Mind focuses on mathematical tools that have been applied in a particular area of neuroscience, progressing from the simplest building block of the brain – the individual neuron – through to circuits of interacting neurons, whole brain areas and even the behaviours that brains command. In addition, Grace examines the history of the field, starting with experiments done on frog legs in the late eighteenth century and building to the large models of artificial neural networks that form the basis of modern artificial intelligence. Throughout, she reveals the value of using the elegant language of mathematics to describe the machinery of neuroscience.

Cognitive Models in Language and Thought

Cognitive Models in Language and Thought

Author: René Dirven

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2012-05-02

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 3110892901

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The volume offers a number of representative papers on cognitive models that are invoked when people deal with questions of social identity, political and economic manipulation, and more general issues such as the genomic discourse. In line with the well-known volume Cultural Models in Language and Thought by Holland and Quinn (1987), the volume shows that Cognitive Linguistics has further explored the idea that we think about social reality in terms of models - 'cognitive/cultural models' or 'folk theories'. As in cultural models, the present volume demonstrates that the technical apparatus of Cognitive Linguistics can be used to analyze the various ways our conception of social reality is shaped by underlying cognitive and/or cultural models or patterns of thought, and also looks into how this is done. The new inroad the volume wants to pursue is the deliberate and explicit orientation towards a cognitive sociolinguistics, or more generally, a cognitive semiotics.


Book Synopsis Cognitive Models in Language and Thought by : René Dirven

Download or read book Cognitive Models in Language and Thought written by René Dirven and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-05-02 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume offers a number of representative papers on cognitive models that are invoked when people deal with questions of social identity, political and economic manipulation, and more general issues such as the genomic discourse. In line with the well-known volume Cultural Models in Language and Thought by Holland and Quinn (1987), the volume shows that Cognitive Linguistics has further explored the idea that we think about social reality in terms of models - 'cognitive/cultural models' or 'folk theories'. As in cultural models, the present volume demonstrates that the technical apparatus of Cognitive Linguistics can be used to analyze the various ways our conception of social reality is shaped by underlying cognitive and/or cultural models or patterns of thought, and also looks into how this is done. The new inroad the volume wants to pursue is the deliberate and explicit orientation towards a cognitive sociolinguistics, or more generally, a cognitive semiotics.

The Model Thinker

The Model Thinker

Author: Scott E. Page

Publisher: Basic Books

Published: 2018-11-27

Total Pages: 585

ISBN-13: 0465094635

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Work with data like a pro using this guide that breaks down how to organize, apply, and most importantly, understand what you are analyzing in order to become a true data ninja. From the stock market to genomics laboratories, census figures to marketing email blasts, we are awash with data. But as anyone who has ever opened up a spreadsheet packed with seemingly infinite lines of data knows, numbers aren't enough: we need to know how to make those numbers talk. In The Model Thinker, social scientist Scott E. Page shows us the mathematical, statistical, and computational models—from linear regression to random walks and far beyond—that can turn anyone into a genius. At the core of the book is Page's "many-model paradigm," which shows the reader how to apply multiple models to organize the data, leading to wiser choices, more accurate predictions, and more robust designs. The Model Thinker provides a toolkit for business people, students, scientists, pollsters, and bloggers to make them better, clearer thinkers, able to leverage data and information to their advantage.


Book Synopsis The Model Thinker by : Scott E. Page

Download or read book The Model Thinker written by Scott E. Page and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work with data like a pro using this guide that breaks down how to organize, apply, and most importantly, understand what you are analyzing in order to become a true data ninja. From the stock market to genomics laboratories, census figures to marketing email blasts, we are awash with data. But as anyone who has ever opened up a spreadsheet packed with seemingly infinite lines of data knows, numbers aren't enough: we need to know how to make those numbers talk. In The Model Thinker, social scientist Scott E. Page shows us the mathematical, statistical, and computational models—from linear regression to random walks and far beyond—that can turn anyone into a genius. At the core of the book is Page's "many-model paradigm," which shows the reader how to apply multiple models to organize the data, leading to wiser choices, more accurate predictions, and more robust designs. The Model Thinker provides a toolkit for business people, students, scientists, pollsters, and bloggers to make them better, clearer thinkers, able to leverage data and information to their advantage.

The World in the Model

The World in the Model

Author: Mary S. Morgan

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012-09-17

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 1139560417

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During the last two centuries, the way economic science is done has changed radically: it has become a social science based on mathematical models in place of words. This book describes and analyses that change - both historically and philosophically - using a series of case studies to illuminate the nature and the implications of these changes. It is not a technical book; it is written for the intelligent person who wants to understand how economics works from the inside out. This book will be of interest to economists and science studies scholars (historians, sociologists and philosophers of science). But it also aims at a wider readership in the public intellectual sphere, building on the current interest in all things economic and on the recent failure of the so-called economic model, which has shaped our beliefs and the world we live in.


Book Synopsis The World in the Model by : Mary S. Morgan

Download or read book The World in the Model written by Mary S. Morgan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-17 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last two centuries, the way economic science is done has changed radically: it has become a social science based on mathematical models in place of words. This book describes and analyses that change - both historically and philosophically - using a series of case studies to illuminate the nature and the implications of these changes. It is not a technical book; it is written for the intelligent person who wants to understand how economics works from the inside out. This book will be of interest to economists and science studies scholars (historians, sociologists and philosophers of science). But it also aims at a wider readership in the public intellectual sphere, building on the current interest in all things economic and on the recent failure of the so-called economic model, which has shaped our beliefs and the world we live in.

Social Foundations of Thought and Action

Social Foundations of Thought and Action

Author: Albert Bandura

Publisher: Prentice Hall

Published: 1986

Total Pages: 644

ISBN-13:

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Models of human nature and causality; Observational learning; Enactivelearning; Social diffusion and innovation; Predictive knowledge and forethought; Incentive motivators; Vicarious motivators; Self-regulatory mechanisms; Self-efficacy; Cognitive regulators.


Book Synopsis Social Foundations of Thought and Action by : Albert Bandura

Download or read book Social Foundations of Thought and Action written by Albert Bandura and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1986 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models of human nature and causality; Observational learning; Enactivelearning; Social diffusion and innovation; Predictive knowledge and forethought; Incentive motivators; Vicarious motivators; Self-regulatory mechanisms; Self-efficacy; Cognitive regulators.

Conceptual Spaces

Conceptual Spaces

Author: Peter Gardenfors

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2004-01-30

Total Pages: 324

ISBN-13: 9780262572194

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Within cognitive science, two approaches currently dominate the problem of modeling representations. The symbolic approach views cognition as computation involving symbolic manipulation. Connectionism, a special case of associationism, models associations using artificial neuron networks. Peter Gärdenfors offers his theory of conceptual representations as a bridge between the symbolic and connectionist approaches. Symbolic representation is particularly weak at modeling concept learning, which is paramount for understanding many cognitive phenomena. Concept learning is closely tied to the notion of similarity, which is also poorly served by the symbolic approach. Gärdenfors's theory of conceptual spaces presents a framework for representing information on the conceptual level. A conceptual space is built up from geometrical structures based on a number of quality dimensions. The main applications of the theory are on the constructive side of cognitive science: as a constructive model the theory can be applied to the development of artificial systems capable of solving cognitive tasks. Gärdenfors also shows how conceptual spaces can serve as an explanatory framework for a number of empirical theories, in particular those concerning concept formation, induction, and semantics. His aim is to present a coherent research program that can be used as a basis for more detailed investigations.


Book Synopsis Conceptual Spaces by : Peter Gardenfors

Download or read book Conceptual Spaces written by Peter Gardenfors and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-01-30 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within cognitive science, two approaches currently dominate the problem of modeling representations. The symbolic approach views cognition as computation involving symbolic manipulation. Connectionism, a special case of associationism, models associations using artificial neuron networks. Peter Gärdenfors offers his theory of conceptual representations as a bridge between the symbolic and connectionist approaches. Symbolic representation is particularly weak at modeling concept learning, which is paramount for understanding many cognitive phenomena. Concept learning is closely tied to the notion of similarity, which is also poorly served by the symbolic approach. Gärdenfors's theory of conceptual spaces presents a framework for representing information on the conceptual level. A conceptual space is built up from geometrical structures based on a number of quality dimensions. The main applications of the theory are on the constructive side of cognitive science: as a constructive model the theory can be applied to the development of artificial systems capable of solving cognitive tasks. Gärdenfors also shows how conceptual spaces can serve as an explanatory framework for a number of empirical theories, in particular those concerning concept formation, induction, and semantics. His aim is to present a coherent research program that can be used as a basis for more detailed investigations.