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Organophosphate compounds, first synthesized in the 1800s, have been used for insecticides, pesticides, and in war and terrorism, such as the 1995 Tokyo subway poisoning. This book provides an in-depth examination of the effects of organophosphates and nerve agents and offers therapeutic and prophylactic countermeasures. Beginning with an overview of milestones in the use of toxic chemicals and chemical warfare agents, the formulae and toxicities of compounds are given, along with tables outlining animal toxicities. Data on various compounds' inhibitions and subsequent accumulations are also provided. Along with data on organophosphates and nerve agents, possible first aid and medical responses are compared among potential responses in the United States and other countries in the east and west. Using clear schematics and tables, this book provides a detailed account of the most common organophosphates and nerve agents, ideas of how to countermeasure their effects, and offers detailed suggestions for where research needs to proceed in the future. This book will prove useful to students, researchers, and military personnel needing to know more about how to deal with nerve agents. Dedicated to organophosphates/nerve agent, this book contains tables on toxicities in animals and simple figures useable for brief orientation and education
Book Synopsis Nerve Agents Poisoning and Its Treatment in Schematic Figures and Tables by : Jiri Bajgar
Download or read book Nerve Agents Poisoning and Its Treatment in Schematic Figures and Tables written by Jiri Bajgar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organophosphate compounds, first synthesized in the 1800s, have been used for insecticides, pesticides, and in war and terrorism, such as the 1995 Tokyo subway poisoning. This book provides an in-depth examination of the effects of organophosphates and nerve agents and offers therapeutic and prophylactic countermeasures. Beginning with an overview of milestones in the use of toxic chemicals and chemical warfare agents, the formulae and toxicities of compounds are given, along with tables outlining animal toxicities. Data on various compounds' inhibitions and subsequent accumulations are also provided. Along with data on organophosphates and nerve agents, possible first aid and medical responses are compared among potential responses in the United States and other countries in the east and west. Using clear schematics and tables, this book provides a detailed account of the most common organophosphates and nerve agents, ideas of how to countermeasure their effects, and offers detailed suggestions for where research needs to proceed in the future. This book will prove useful to students, researchers, and military personnel needing to know more about how to deal with nerve agents. Dedicated to organophosphates/nerve agent, this book contains tables on toxicities in animals and simple figures useable for brief orientation and education
Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents, Second Edition covers every aspect of deadly toxic chemicals used in conflicts, warfare and terrorism. Including findings from experimental as well as clinical studies, this essential reference offers in-depth coverage of individual toxicants, target organ toxicity, major incidents, toxic effects in humans, animals and wildlife, biosensors and biomarkers, on-site and laboratory analytical methods, decontamination and detoxification procedures, and countermeasures. Expanding on the ground-breaking first edition, Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents has been completely updated, presenting the most recent advances in field. Brand new chapters include a case study of the Iran-Iraq war, an overview of chemical weapons of mass destruction, explosives, Ricin, the human respiratory system, alternative testing methods, brain injuries, and more. Unites world-leading experts to bring you cutting-edge, agent-specific information on Chemical Warfare Agents (CWA) and their adverse effects on human and animal health, and the environment Provides you with all the information you need on CWA modes of action, detection, prevention, therapeutic treatment and countermeasures New to this edition: a full update to reflect the most recent advances in the field and new chapters on emergency preparedness, the chemical warfare agents used in Syria, and the use of the Novichok agent in the UK
Book Synopsis Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents by : Ramesh C Gupta
Download or read book Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents written by Ramesh C Gupta and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-01-21 with total page 1199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents, Second Edition covers every aspect of deadly toxic chemicals used in conflicts, warfare and terrorism. Including findings from experimental as well as clinical studies, this essential reference offers in-depth coverage of individual toxicants, target organ toxicity, major incidents, toxic effects in humans, animals and wildlife, biosensors and biomarkers, on-site and laboratory analytical methods, decontamination and detoxification procedures, and countermeasures. Expanding on the ground-breaking first edition, Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents has been completely updated, presenting the most recent advances in field. Brand new chapters include a case study of the Iran-Iraq war, an overview of chemical weapons of mass destruction, explosives, Ricin, the human respiratory system, alternative testing methods, brain injuries, and more. Unites world-leading experts to bring you cutting-edge, agent-specific information on Chemical Warfare Agents (CWA) and their adverse effects on human and animal health, and the environment Provides you with all the information you need on CWA modes of action, detection, prevention, therapeutic treatment and countermeasures New to this edition: a full update to reflect the most recent advances in the field and new chapters on emergency preparedness, the chemical warfare agents used in Syria, and the use of the Novichok agent in the UK
While medical specialists in disaster mitigation, preparedness, and response are needed worldwide, the initial phase of disaster response is almost entirely dependent upon local resources—making it essential that all healthcare personnel have a working knowledge of the field and stand ready to integrate into the response system. Ciottone's Disaster Medicine, 3rd Edition, is the most comprehensive reference available to help accomplish these goals in every community. It thoroughly covers isolated domestic events as well as global disasters and humanitarian crises. Dr. Gregory Ciottone and more than 200 worldwide authorities share their knowledge and expertise on the preparation, assessment, and management of both natural and man-made disasters, including lessons learned by the responders to contemporary disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic, Australian and western U.S. wildfires, European heatwaves, the Beirut explosion, recent hurricanes and typhoons, and the global refugee crisis. Part 1 offers an A-to-Z resource for every aspect of disaster medicine and management, while Part 2 features an exhaustive compilation of every conceivable disaster event, organized to facilitate quick reference in a real-time setting. Covers basic concepts such as identification of risks, organizational preparedness, equipment planning, disaster education and training, and more advanced concepts such as disaster risk reduction, health in complex emergencies, building local disaster resiliency, psychological impact of disasters on children, and more. Contains new decision trees throughout that help guide you through the decision-making process in difficult situations. Uses an easy-to-follow, templated approach to historical perspectives, overviews of current practice including pre-incident and post-incident actions, medical treatment of casualties, and potential pitfalls. Includes updated sections on man-made disasters, including mass casualties, active shooter situations, integrated response to terrorist attacks, and chemical/biological/radiological/nuclear/high-yield explosives disasters. Discusses the latest technologies, such as the use of mobile disaster applications, drone response systems, and virtual reality simulation training. Features thoroughly updated information on crisis leadership, practical applications of disaster epidemiology, disaster and climate change, and the integration of non-government agencies (NGOs) in disaster response—a critical topic for those responding to humanitarian needs overseas. Includes new chapters on Pandemic Preparedness and Response, Disaster Medicine in a Changing Climate, Disaster Response in Asia, Building Local Capacity and Disaster Resiliency, Civilian-Military Coordination in Disaster Response, Medical Simulation in Disaster Preparedness, Disaster Nursing, Crisis Meta-Leadership, Palliative Care in Disasters, Counter-Terrorism Medicine, SARS CoV (COVID-19 and SARS), and Disasters in Space Travel.
Book Synopsis Ciottone's Disaster Medicine - E-Book by : Gregory R. Ciottone
Download or read book Ciottone's Disaster Medicine - E-Book written by Gregory R. Ciottone and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-03-07 with total page 1081 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While medical specialists in disaster mitigation, preparedness, and response are needed worldwide, the initial phase of disaster response is almost entirely dependent upon local resources—making it essential that all healthcare personnel have a working knowledge of the field and stand ready to integrate into the response system. Ciottone's Disaster Medicine, 3rd Edition, is the most comprehensive reference available to help accomplish these goals in every community. It thoroughly covers isolated domestic events as well as global disasters and humanitarian crises. Dr. Gregory Ciottone and more than 200 worldwide authorities share their knowledge and expertise on the preparation, assessment, and management of both natural and man-made disasters, including lessons learned by the responders to contemporary disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic, Australian and western U.S. wildfires, European heatwaves, the Beirut explosion, recent hurricanes and typhoons, and the global refugee crisis. Part 1 offers an A-to-Z resource for every aspect of disaster medicine and management, while Part 2 features an exhaustive compilation of every conceivable disaster event, organized to facilitate quick reference in a real-time setting. Covers basic concepts such as identification of risks, organizational preparedness, equipment planning, disaster education and training, and more advanced concepts such as disaster risk reduction, health in complex emergencies, building local disaster resiliency, psychological impact of disasters on children, and more. Contains new decision trees throughout that help guide you through the decision-making process in difficult situations. Uses an easy-to-follow, templated approach to historical perspectives, overviews of current practice including pre-incident and post-incident actions, medical treatment of casualties, and potential pitfalls. Includes updated sections on man-made disasters, including mass casualties, active shooter situations, integrated response to terrorist attacks, and chemical/biological/radiological/nuclear/high-yield explosives disasters. Discusses the latest technologies, such as the use of mobile disaster applications, drone response systems, and virtual reality simulation training. Features thoroughly updated information on crisis leadership, practical applications of disaster epidemiology, disaster and climate change, and the integration of non-government agencies (NGOs) in disaster response—a critical topic for those responding to humanitarian needs overseas. Includes new chapters on Pandemic Preparedness and Response, Disaster Medicine in a Changing Climate, Disaster Response in Asia, Building Local Capacity and Disaster Resiliency, Civilian-Military Coordination in Disaster Response, Medical Simulation in Disaster Preparedness, Disaster Nursing, Crisis Meta-Leadership, Palliative Care in Disasters, Counter-Terrorism Medicine, SARS CoV (COVID-19 and SARS), and Disasters in Space Travel.
This book addresses the consequences of high agricultural pesticide use over the last few decades in the form of organophosphate poisoning. The authors provide a background overview of organophosphate compounds, their environmental toxicity, non-target exposures and cases of human poisoning. The authors also compile and analyze data from the last two decades to demonstrate the toxicological aspects of organophosphates, and how they can pose a threat to human health. Readers will learn about the clinical manifestation of organophosphate exposure in humans, as well as the enzymatic pathways and mechanisms by which organophosphates are processed in the body and cause harm. The book concludes by providing techniques, practices and recommendations for how to manage organophosphate exposure and poisoning. It will be useful for clinicians and public health professionals, scientists, medical practitioners, researchers and environmental toxicologists.
Book Synopsis Toxicology of Organophosphate Poisoning by : Anuj Ranjan
Download or read book Toxicology of Organophosphate Poisoning written by Anuj Ranjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-11 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the consequences of high agricultural pesticide use over the last few decades in the form of organophosphate poisoning. The authors provide a background overview of organophosphate compounds, their environmental toxicity, non-target exposures and cases of human poisoning. The authors also compile and analyze data from the last two decades to demonstrate the toxicological aspects of organophosphates, and how they can pose a threat to human health. Readers will learn about the clinical manifestation of organophosphate exposure in humans, as well as the enzymatic pathways and mechanisms by which organophosphates are processed in the body and cause harm. The book concludes by providing techniques, practices and recommendations for how to manage organophosphate exposure and poisoning. It will be useful for clinicians and public health professionals, scientists, medical practitioners, researchers and environmental toxicologists.
Book Synopsis Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare by :
Download or read book Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare by :
Download or read book Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2008 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The threat of domestic terrorism today looms larger than ever. Bombings at the World Trade Center and Oklahoma City's Federal Building, as well as nerve gas attacks in Japan, have made it tragically obvious that American civilians must be ready for terrorist attacks. What do we need to know to help emergency and medical personnel prepare for these attacks? Chemical and Biological Terrorism identifies the R&D efforts needed to implement recommendations in key areas: pre-incident intelligence, detection and identification of chemical and biological agents, protective clothing and equipment, early recognition that a population has been covertly exposed to a pathogen, mass casualty decontamination and triage, use of vaccines and pharmaceuticals, and the psychological effects of terror. Specific objectives for computer software development are also identified. The book addresses the differences between a biological and chemical attack, the distinct challenges to the military and civilian medical communities, and other broader issues. This book will be of critical interest to anyone involved in civilian preparedness for terrorist attack: planners, administrators, responders, medical professionals, public health and emergency personnel, and technology designers and engineers.
Book Synopsis Chemical and Biological Terrorism by : Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents
Download or read book Chemical and Biological Terrorism written by Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-26 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The threat of domestic terrorism today looms larger than ever. Bombings at the World Trade Center and Oklahoma City's Federal Building, as well as nerve gas attacks in Japan, have made it tragically obvious that American civilians must be ready for terrorist attacks. What do we need to know to help emergency and medical personnel prepare for these attacks? Chemical and Biological Terrorism identifies the R&D efforts needed to implement recommendations in key areas: pre-incident intelligence, detection and identification of chemical and biological agents, protective clothing and equipment, early recognition that a population has been covertly exposed to a pathogen, mass casualty decontamination and triage, use of vaccines and pharmaceuticals, and the psychological effects of terror. Specific objectives for computer software development are also identified. The book addresses the differences between a biological and chemical attack, the distinct challenges to the military and civilian medical communities, and other broader issues. This book will be of critical interest to anyone involved in civilian preparedness for terrorist attack: planners, administrators, responders, medical professionals, public health and emergency personnel, and technology designers and engineers.
The most widely read textbook in the history of medicine – made more essential to practice and education by an unmatched array of multi-media content Through six decades, no resource has matched the encyclopedic scope, esteemed scholarship, and scientific rigor of Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, both as a textbook and as a clinical reference. It remains the most universally respected textbook in all of medical publishing and the pinnacle of current medical knowledge. The eighteenth edition of Harrison’s features expanded and more in-depth coverage of key issues in clinical medicine, pathophysiology, and medical education. The acclaimed Harrison’s DVD has been updated to include 53 chapters not found in the text; 14 all-new how-to videos commissioned specifically for Harrison’s; PowerPoint presentations on essential topics in medical education; and hundreds of bonus illustrations. Presented in two volumes NEW text design greatly enhances readability NEW chapters on cutting-edge topics in clinical medicine Expanded focus on global considerations of health and disease Editor-in-Chief: Dan Longo, MD (Boston, MA) is Professor of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School.
Book Synopsis Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition by : Dan Longo
Download or read book Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition written by Dan Longo and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2011-07-22 with total page 4322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most widely read textbook in the history of medicine – made more essential to practice and education by an unmatched array of multi-media content Through six decades, no resource has matched the encyclopedic scope, esteemed scholarship, and scientific rigor of Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, both as a textbook and as a clinical reference. It remains the most universally respected textbook in all of medical publishing and the pinnacle of current medical knowledge. The eighteenth edition of Harrison’s features expanded and more in-depth coverage of key issues in clinical medicine, pathophysiology, and medical education. The acclaimed Harrison’s DVD has been updated to include 53 chapters not found in the text; 14 all-new how-to videos commissioned specifically for Harrison’s; PowerPoint presentations on essential topics in medical education; and hundreds of bonus illustrations. Presented in two volumes NEW text design greatly enhances readability NEW chapters on cutting-edge topics in clinical medicine Expanded focus on global considerations of health and disease Editor-in-Chief: Dan Longo, MD (Boston, MA) is Professor of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School.
Introducing the most dramatically revised edition of Harrison's ever! Now with NEW bonus DVD with 37 chapters and more than 500 brand new images and video clips! MORE THAN TRUSTED, BEYOND ESSENTIAL . . . The #1 selling medical textbook worldwide, Harrison's has defined internal medicine for millions of clinicians and students. The new Seventeenth Edition retains Harrison's acclaimed balance of pathobiology, cardinal signs and manifestations of disease, and best approaches to patient management, yet has been massively updated to give you an innovative array of bold new features and content. If ever there was one must-have resource for clinicians and students - this is it! UNMATCHED EXPERTISE AT YOUR FINGERTIPS As an unprecedented amount of medical information bombards you and your patients, where do you go to sort it out and make sense of it all? When your patients request clarification on something they've “printed off” where do you turn for expert explanations? The same trusted resource physicians and students have turned to for over fifty years: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Now more than ever, trust Harrison's to filter and clarify the exploding knowledge base, to highlight the breakthroughs, and to deliver a clear, balanced distillation of the best and most current information on which to base clinical decisions. THE MOST EXCITING AND EXTENSIVELY REVISED EDITION EVER! Here are just a few of the reasons why the new 17th Edition of Harrison's is the best edition yet: Bonus companion DVD featuring: 37 new “e-chapters”; over 500 brand-new radiological, laboratory, and clinical images, including complete atlases; state-of-the-art video clips; an Image Bank of nearly all the illustrations contained in the parent text, and much more Expanded, modernized illustration program with more than 800 brand-new, additional illustrations-a 60% increase over the previous edition Dozens of brand new chapters on vital topics in medical education and clinical practice: Global Issues in Medicine: Patient Safety and Health Quality; Health Disparities: Atlas of EKGs; Clinical Management of Obesity: Atlas of Hematology: Atlases of Chest, Neurological, and Cardiovascular Radiology, and much more! Also included a complete new Section on biological foundations and emerging clinical applications of regenerative medicine! Brand new, reader-friendly text design optimizes the full-color format An expanded, innovative focus on global health NEW Global Advisory Board comprised of 11 prominent medical experts from Asia, India, Europe, and South America Revision of the popular On Line Learning Center, which offers more skill-sharpening self-assessment questions and answers, plus additional case studies for helping you apply Harrison's content to the daily care of patients Harrison's related products are available in a full suite of formats to meet all your educational and clinical needs. Harrison's Practice of Medicine is a complete database of more than 700 clinical topics formatted for use at the point of care. The Harrison's Manual of Medicine is one of the most popular and heavily used handbook-sized resources in internal medicine. The Harrison's Self-Assessment and Board Review features more than 1000 board-type cases and questions and highlights the use of Harrison's as a great board prep resouce.
Book Synopsis Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition by : Anthony S. Fauci
Download or read book Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition written by Anthony S. Fauci and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2008-03-31 with total page 3353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing the most dramatically revised edition of Harrison's ever! Now with NEW bonus DVD with 37 chapters and more than 500 brand new images and video clips! MORE THAN TRUSTED, BEYOND ESSENTIAL . . . The #1 selling medical textbook worldwide, Harrison's has defined internal medicine for millions of clinicians and students. The new Seventeenth Edition retains Harrison's acclaimed balance of pathobiology, cardinal signs and manifestations of disease, and best approaches to patient management, yet has been massively updated to give you an innovative array of bold new features and content. If ever there was one must-have resource for clinicians and students - this is it! UNMATCHED EXPERTISE AT YOUR FINGERTIPS As an unprecedented amount of medical information bombards you and your patients, where do you go to sort it out and make sense of it all? When your patients request clarification on something they've “printed off” where do you turn for expert explanations? The same trusted resource physicians and students have turned to for over fifty years: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Now more than ever, trust Harrison's to filter and clarify the exploding knowledge base, to highlight the breakthroughs, and to deliver a clear, balanced distillation of the best and most current information on which to base clinical decisions. THE MOST EXCITING AND EXTENSIVELY REVISED EDITION EVER! Here are just a few of the reasons why the new 17th Edition of Harrison's is the best edition yet: Bonus companion DVD featuring: 37 new “e-chapters”; over 500 brand-new radiological, laboratory, and clinical images, including complete atlases; state-of-the-art video clips; an Image Bank of nearly all the illustrations contained in the parent text, and much more Expanded, modernized illustration program with more than 800 brand-new, additional illustrations-a 60% increase over the previous edition Dozens of brand new chapters on vital topics in medical education and clinical practice: Global Issues in Medicine: Patient Safety and Health Quality; Health Disparities: Atlas of EKGs; Clinical Management of Obesity: Atlas of Hematology: Atlases of Chest, Neurological, and Cardiovascular Radiology, and much more! Also included a complete new Section on biological foundations and emerging clinical applications of regenerative medicine! Brand new, reader-friendly text design optimizes the full-color format An expanded, innovative focus on global health NEW Global Advisory Board comprised of 11 prominent medical experts from Asia, India, Europe, and South America Revision of the popular On Line Learning Center, which offers more skill-sharpening self-assessment questions and answers, plus additional case studies for helping you apply Harrison's content to the daily care of patients Harrison's related products are available in a full suite of formats to meet all your educational and clinical needs. Harrison's Practice of Medicine is a complete database of more than 700 clinical topics formatted for use at the point of care. The Harrison's Manual of Medicine is one of the most popular and heavily used handbook-sized resources in internal medicine. The Harrison's Self-Assessment and Board Review features more than 1000 board-type cases and questions and highlights the use of Harrison's as a great board prep resouce.
This book describes the evolving CBRN risk landscape and highlights advances in the “core” CBRN technologies, including when combined with (improvised) explosive devices (CBRNe threats). It analyses how associated technologies create new safety and security risks, challenging certain assumptions that underlie current control regimes. The book also shows how technologies can be enablers for more effective strategies to mitigate these risks. 21st-century safety and security risks emanating from chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear materials – whether resulting from natural events, accidents or malevolent use - are increasingly shaped by technologies that enable their development, production or use in ways that differ from the past. Artificial intelligence, the use of cyberspace, the revolution in the life sciences, new manufacturing methods, new platforms and equipment for agent delivery, hypersonic weapons systems, information tools utilised in hybrid warfare – these and other technologies are reshaping the global security environment and CBRN landscape. They are leading to a growing potential for highly targeted violence, and they can lead to greater instability and vulnerability worldwide. At the same time, technology offers solutions to manage CBRN risks. Examples are faster detection, more accurate characterisation of the nature and origin of CBRN agents, new forensic investigation methods, or new medical treatments for victims of CBRN incidents. New educational concepts help to foster a culture of responsibility in science and technology and strengthen governance. New training methods help develop practical skills to manage CBRN risks more effectively. The book concludes that there is a growing need for a holistic framework towards CBRN risk mitigation. Traditional arms control mechanisms such as global, regional or bilateral treaties and export controls are still needed, as they provide a necessary legal and institutional framework. But laws and technology denial alone will not suffice, and institutional mechanisms can at times be weak. Given the pace of technological progress and the diffusion of critical knowledge, tools and materials, policymakers must accept that CBRN risks cannot be eliminated altogether. Instead, society has to learn to manage these risks and develop resilience against them. This requires a “softer”, broadly based multi-stakeholder approach involving governments, industry, the research and development communities, educators, and civil society. Furthermore, educating policymakers that cutting-edge technologies may seriously affect global strategic stability could create incentives for developing a more creative and contemporary arms control strategy that fosters cooperation rather than incremental polarisation.
Book Synopsis 21st Century Prometheus by : Maurizio Martellini
Download or read book 21st Century Prometheus written by Maurizio Martellini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the evolving CBRN risk landscape and highlights advances in the “core” CBRN technologies, including when combined with (improvised) explosive devices (CBRNe threats). It analyses how associated technologies create new safety and security risks, challenging certain assumptions that underlie current control regimes. The book also shows how technologies can be enablers for more effective strategies to mitigate these risks. 21st-century safety and security risks emanating from chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear materials – whether resulting from natural events, accidents or malevolent use - are increasingly shaped by technologies that enable their development, production or use in ways that differ from the past. Artificial intelligence, the use of cyberspace, the revolution in the life sciences, new manufacturing methods, new platforms and equipment for agent delivery, hypersonic weapons systems, information tools utilised in hybrid warfare – these and other technologies are reshaping the global security environment and CBRN landscape. They are leading to a growing potential for highly targeted violence, and they can lead to greater instability and vulnerability worldwide. At the same time, technology offers solutions to manage CBRN risks. Examples are faster detection, more accurate characterisation of the nature and origin of CBRN agents, new forensic investigation methods, or new medical treatments for victims of CBRN incidents. New educational concepts help to foster a culture of responsibility in science and technology and strengthen governance. New training methods help develop practical skills to manage CBRN risks more effectively. The book concludes that there is a growing need for a holistic framework towards CBRN risk mitigation. Traditional arms control mechanisms such as global, regional or bilateral treaties and export controls are still needed, as they provide a necessary legal and institutional framework. But laws and technology denial alone will not suffice, and institutional mechanisms can at times be weak. Given the pace of technological progress and the diffusion of critical knowledge, tools and materials, policymakers must accept that CBRN risks cannot be eliminated altogether. Instead, society has to learn to manage these risks and develop resilience against them. This requires a “softer”, broadly based multi-stakeholder approach involving governments, industry, the research and development communities, educators, and civil society. Furthermore, educating policymakers that cutting-edge technologies may seriously affect global strategic stability could create incentives for developing a more creative and contemporary arms control strategy that fosters cooperation rather than incremental polarisation.
