Novel Microstructures for Solids

Novel Microstructures for Solids

Author: Richard A Dunlap

Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers

Published: 2018-12-05

Total Pages: 125

ISBN-13: 1643273388

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For many years, evidence suggested that all solid materials either possessed a periodic crystal structure as proposed by the Braggs or they were amorphous glasses with no long-range order. In the 1970s, Roger Penrose hypothesized structures (Penrose tilings) with long-range order which were not periodic. The existence of a solid phase, known as a quasicrystal, that possessed the structure of a three dimensional Penrose tiling, was demonstrated experimentally in 1984 by Dan Shechtman and colleagues. Shechtman received the 2011 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery. The discovery and description of quasicrystalline materials provided the first concrete evidence that traditional crystals could be viewed as a subset of a more general category of ordered materials. This book introduces the diversity of structures that are now known to exist in solids through a consideration of quasicrystals (Part I) and the various structures of elemental carbon (Part II) and through an analysis of their relationship to conventional crystal structures. Both quasicrystals and the various allotropes of carbon are excellent examples of how our understanding of the microstructure of solids has progressed over the years beyond the concepts of traditional crystallography.


Book Synopsis Novel Microstructures for Solids by : Richard A Dunlap

Download or read book Novel Microstructures for Solids written by Richard A Dunlap and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2018-12-05 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years, evidence suggested that all solid materials either possessed a periodic crystal structure as proposed by the Braggs or they were amorphous glasses with no long-range order. In the 1970s, Roger Penrose hypothesized structures (Penrose tilings) with long-range order which were not periodic. The existence of a solid phase, known as a quasicrystal, that possessed the structure of a three dimensional Penrose tiling, was demonstrated experimentally in 1984 by Dan Shechtman and colleagues. Shechtman received the 2011 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery. The discovery and description of quasicrystalline materials provided the first concrete evidence that traditional crystals could be viewed as a subset of a more general category of ordered materials. This book introduces the diversity of structures that are now known to exist in solids through a consideration of quasicrystals (Part I) and the various structures of elemental carbon (Part II) and through an analysis of their relationship to conventional crystal structures. Both quasicrystals and the various allotropes of carbon are excellent examples of how our understanding of the microstructure of solids has progressed over the years beyond the concepts of traditional crystallography.

Novel Microstructures for Solids

Novel Microstructures for Solids

Author: Dunlap Richard A

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781643273372

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Book Synopsis Novel Microstructures for Solids by : Dunlap Richard A

Download or read book Novel Microstructures for Solids written by Dunlap Richard A and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Novel Microstructures for Solids

Novel Microstructures for Solids

Author: R. A. Dunlap

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781643273365

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In the early part of the 20th century, x-rays were first used for the investigation of the atomic structure of solids. Until the 1980s experimental evidence suggested that virtually all solid materials were either amorphous or ordered three-dimensional structures with translational and rotational symmetry that were described by classical crystallographic concepts. Since then, a number of structures that stretch the concept of a crystalline material have been discovered. In 1984 a solid phase, known as a quasicrystal, that possessed long-range order but lacked the periodicity of a crystalline material, was observed. At about the same time, novel molecular structures were observed for elemental carbon, and more recently, carbon has been prepared as a two-dimensional material. Some of the recently discovered materials with novel microstructures are reviewed in the present book. Part I of the book describes the structure and properties of quasicrystalline materials while Part II gives an overview of some of the unique phases that have been observed for elemental carbon. These unusual structures are discussed in the context of related materials with traditional crystallographic order.


Book Synopsis Novel Microstructures for Solids by : R. A. Dunlap

Download or read book Novel Microstructures for Solids written by R. A. Dunlap and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early part of the 20th century, x-rays were first used for the investigation of the atomic structure of solids. Until the 1980s experimental evidence suggested that virtually all solid materials were either amorphous or ordered three-dimensional structures with translational and rotational symmetry that were described by classical crystallographic concepts. Since then, a number of structures that stretch the concept of a crystalline material have been discovered. In 1984 a solid phase, known as a quasicrystal, that possessed long-range order but lacked the periodicity of a crystalline material, was observed. At about the same time, novel molecular structures were observed for elemental carbon, and more recently, carbon has been prepared as a two-dimensional material. Some of the recently discovered materials with novel microstructures are reviewed in the present book. Part I of the book describes the structure and properties of quasicrystalline materials while Part II gives an overview of some of the unique phases that have been observed for elemental carbon. These unusual structures are discussed in the context of related materials with traditional crystallographic order.

Fundamentals of Materials Science

Fundamentals of Materials Science

Author: Eric J. Mittemeijer

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-01-01

Total Pages: 754

ISBN-13: 3030600564

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This textbook offers a strong introduction to the fundamental concepts of materials science. It conveys the quintessence of this interdisciplinary field, distinguishing it from merely solid-state physics and solid-state chemistry, using metals as model systems to elucidate the relation between microstructure and materials properties. Mittemeijer's Fundamentals of Materials Science provides a consistent treatment of the subject matter with a special focus on the microstructure-property relationship. Richly illustrated and thoroughly referenced, it is the ideal adoption for an entire undergraduate, and even graduate, course of study in materials science and engineering. It delivers a solid background against which more specialized texts can be studied, covering the necessary breadth of key topics such as crystallography, structure defects, phase equilibria and transformations, diffusion and kinetics, and mechanical properties. The success of the first edition has led to this updated and extended second edition, featuring detailed discussion of electron microscopy, supermicroscopy and diffraction methods, an extended treatment of diffusion in solids, and a separate chapter on phase transformation kinetics. “In a lucid and masterly manner, the ways in which the microstructure can affect a host of basic phenomena in metals are described.... By consistently staying with the postulated topic of the microstructure - property relationship, this book occupies a singular position within the broad spectrum of comparable materials science literature .... it will also be of permanent value as a reference book for background refreshing, not least because of its unique annotated intermezzi; an ambitious, remarkable work.” G. Petzow in International Journal of Materials Research. “The biggest strength of the book is the discussion of the structure-property relationships, which the author has accomplished admirably.... In a nutshell, the book should not be looked at as a quick ‘cook book’ type text, but as a serious, critical treatise for some significant time to come.” G.S. Upadhyaya in Science of Sintering. “The role of lattice defects in deformation processes is clearly illustrated using excellent diagrams . Included are many footnotes, ‘Intermezzos’, ‘Epilogues’ and asides within the text from the author’s experience. This ..... soon becomes valued for the interesting insights into the subject and shows the human side of its history. Overall this book provides a refreshing treatment of this important subject and should prove a useful addition to the existing text books available to undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the field of materials science.” M. Davies in Materials World.


Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Materials Science by : Eric J. Mittemeijer

Download or read book Fundamentals of Materials Science written by Eric J. Mittemeijer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook offers a strong introduction to the fundamental concepts of materials science. It conveys the quintessence of this interdisciplinary field, distinguishing it from merely solid-state physics and solid-state chemistry, using metals as model systems to elucidate the relation between microstructure and materials properties. Mittemeijer's Fundamentals of Materials Science provides a consistent treatment of the subject matter with a special focus on the microstructure-property relationship. Richly illustrated and thoroughly referenced, it is the ideal adoption for an entire undergraduate, and even graduate, course of study in materials science and engineering. It delivers a solid background against which more specialized texts can be studied, covering the necessary breadth of key topics such as crystallography, structure defects, phase equilibria and transformations, diffusion and kinetics, and mechanical properties. The success of the first edition has led to this updated and extended second edition, featuring detailed discussion of electron microscopy, supermicroscopy and diffraction methods, an extended treatment of diffusion in solids, and a separate chapter on phase transformation kinetics. “In a lucid and masterly manner, the ways in which the microstructure can affect a host of basic phenomena in metals are described.... By consistently staying with the postulated topic of the microstructure - property relationship, this book occupies a singular position within the broad spectrum of comparable materials science literature .... it will also be of permanent value as a reference book for background refreshing, not least because of its unique annotated intermezzi; an ambitious, remarkable work.” G. Petzow in International Journal of Materials Research. “The biggest strength of the book is the discussion of the structure-property relationships, which the author has accomplished admirably.... In a nutshell, the book should not be looked at as a quick ‘cook book’ type text, but as a serious, critical treatise for some significant time to come.” G.S. Upadhyaya in Science of Sintering. “The role of lattice defects in deformation processes is clearly illustrated using excellent diagrams . Included are many footnotes, ‘Intermezzos’, ‘Epilogues’ and asides within the text from the author’s experience. This ..... soon becomes valued for the interesting insights into the subject and shows the human side of its history. Overall this book provides a refreshing treatment of this important subject and should prove a useful addition to the existing text books available to undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the field of materials science.” M. Davies in Materials World.

Understanding Solids

Understanding Solids

Author: Richard J. D. Tilley

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2005-09-27

Total Pages: 621

ISBN-13: 0470026464

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A modern introduction to the subject taking a unique integrated approach designed to appeal to both science and engineering students. Covering a broad spectrum of topics, this book includes numerous up-to-date examples of real materials with relevant applications and a modern treatment of key concepts. The science bias allows this book to be equally accessible to engineers, chemists and physicists. * Carefully structured into self-contained bite-sized chapters to enhance student understanding * Questions have been designed to reinforce the concepts presented * Includes coverage of radioactivity * Relects a rapidly growing field from the science perspective


Book Synopsis Understanding Solids by : Richard J. D. Tilley

Download or read book Understanding Solids written by Richard J. D. Tilley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-09-27 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A modern introduction to the subject taking a unique integrated approach designed to appeal to both science and engineering students. Covering a broad spectrum of topics, this book includes numerous up-to-date examples of real materials with relevant applications and a modern treatment of key concepts. The science bias allows this book to be equally accessible to engineers, chemists and physicists. * Carefully structured into self-contained bite-sized chapters to enhance student understanding * Questions have been designed to reinforce the concepts presented * Includes coverage of radioactivity * Relects a rapidly growing field from the science perspective

Micromechanics of defects in solids

Micromechanics of defects in solids

Author: Toshio Mura

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-03-14

Total Pages: 494

ISBN-13: 9789401193078

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This book sterns from a course on Micromechanics that I started about fifteen years ago at Northwestern University. At that time, micro mechanics was a rather unfamiliar subject. Although I repeated the course every year, I was ne ver convinced that my notes have quite developed into a final manuscript because new topics emerged con stantly requiring revisions, and additions. I finally came to realize that if this is continued, then I will never complete the book to my total satisfaction. Meanwhile, T. Mori and I had coauthored a book in Micromechanics, published by Baifu-kan, Tokyo, in Japanese, entitled 1975. It received an extremely favorable response from students and researchers in Japan. This encouraged me to go ahead and publish my course notes in their latest version, as this book, which contains further development of the subject and is more comprehensive than the one published in Japanese. Micromechanics encompasses mechanics related to microstructures of materials. The method employed is a continuum theory of elasticity yet its applications cover a broad area relating to the mechanical behavior of materials: plasticity, fracture and fatigue, constitutive equa tions, composite materials, polycrystals, etc. These subjects are treated in this book by means of a powerful and unified method which is called the 'eigenstrain method. ' In particular, problems relating to inclusions and dislocations are most effectively analyzed by this method, and therefore, special emphasis is placed on these topics.


Book Synopsis Micromechanics of defects in solids by : Toshio Mura

Download or read book Micromechanics of defects in solids written by Toshio Mura and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sterns from a course on Micromechanics that I started about fifteen years ago at Northwestern University. At that time, micro mechanics was a rather unfamiliar subject. Although I repeated the course every year, I was ne ver convinced that my notes have quite developed into a final manuscript because new topics emerged con stantly requiring revisions, and additions. I finally came to realize that if this is continued, then I will never complete the book to my total satisfaction. Meanwhile, T. Mori and I had coauthored a book in Micromechanics, published by Baifu-kan, Tokyo, in Japanese, entitled 1975. It received an extremely favorable response from students and researchers in Japan. This encouraged me to go ahead and publish my course notes in their latest version, as this book, which contains further development of the subject and is more comprehensive than the one published in Japanese. Micromechanics encompasses mechanics related to microstructures of materials. The method employed is a continuum theory of elasticity yet its applications cover a broad area relating to the mechanical behavior of materials: plasticity, fracture and fatigue, constitutive equa tions, composite materials, polycrystals, etc. These subjects are treated in this book by means of a powerful and unified method which is called the 'eigenstrain method. ' In particular, problems relating to inclusions and dislocations are most effectively analyzed by this method, and therefore, special emphasis is placed on these topics.

Plasticity and Beyond

Plasticity and Beyond

Author: Jörg Schröder

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-09-20

Total Pages: 417

ISBN-13: 3709116252

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The book presents the latest findings in experimental plasticity, crystal plasticity, phase transitions, advanced mathematical modeling of finite plasticity and multi-scale modeling. The associated algorithmic treatment is mainly based on finite element formulations for standard (local approach) as well as for non-standard (non-local approach) continua and for pure macroscopic as well as for directly coupled two-scale boundary value problems. Applications in the area of material design/processing are covered, ranging from grain boundary effects in polycrystals and phase transitions to deep-drawing of multiphase steels by directly taking into account random microstructures.


Book Synopsis Plasticity and Beyond by : Jörg Schröder

Download or read book Plasticity and Beyond written by Jörg Schröder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the latest findings in experimental plasticity, crystal plasticity, phase transitions, advanced mathematical modeling of finite plasticity and multi-scale modeling. The associated algorithmic treatment is mainly based on finite element formulations for standard (local approach) as well as for non-standard (non-local approach) continua and for pure macroscopic as well as for directly coupled two-scale boundary value problems. Applications in the area of material design/processing are covered, ranging from grain boundary effects in polycrystals and phase transitions to deep-drawing of multiphase steels by directly taking into account random microstructures.

Micromechanics of Defects in Solids

Micromechanics of Defects in Solids

Author: T. Mura

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1987-11-30

Total Pages: 612

ISBN-13:

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This book stems from a course on Micromechanics that I started about fifteen years ago at Northwestern University. At that time, micromechanics was a rather unfamiliar subject. Although I repeated the course every year, I was never convinced that my notes have quite developed into a final manuscript because new topics emerged constantly requiring revisions, and additions. I finally came to realize that if this is continued, then I will never complete the book to my total satisfaction. Meanwhile, T. Mori and I had coauthored a book in Japanese, entitled Micromechanics, published by Baifu-kan, Tokyo, in 1975. It received an extremely favorable response from students and re searchers in Japan. This encouraged me to go ahead and publish my course notes in their latest version, as this book, which contains further development of the subject and is more comprehensive than the one published in Japanese. Micromechanics encompasses mechanics related to microstructures of materials. The method employed is a continuum theory of elasticity yet its applications cover a broad area relating to the mechanical behavior of materi als: plasticity, fracture and fatigue, constitutive equations, composite materi als, polycrystals, etc. These subjects are treated in this book by means of a powerful and unified method which is called the 'eigenstrain method. ' In particular, problems relating to inclusions and dislocations are most effectively analyzed by this method, and therefore, special emphasis is placed on these topics.


Book Synopsis Micromechanics of Defects in Solids by : T. Mura

Download or read book Micromechanics of Defects in Solids written by T. Mura and published by Springer. This book was released on 1987-11-30 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book stems from a course on Micromechanics that I started about fifteen years ago at Northwestern University. At that time, micromechanics was a rather unfamiliar subject. Although I repeated the course every year, I was never convinced that my notes have quite developed into a final manuscript because new topics emerged constantly requiring revisions, and additions. I finally came to realize that if this is continued, then I will never complete the book to my total satisfaction. Meanwhile, T. Mori and I had coauthored a book in Japanese, entitled Micromechanics, published by Baifu-kan, Tokyo, in 1975. It received an extremely favorable response from students and re searchers in Japan. This encouraged me to go ahead and publish my course notes in their latest version, as this book, which contains further development of the subject and is more comprehensive than the one published in Japanese. Micromechanics encompasses mechanics related to microstructures of materials. The method employed is a continuum theory of elasticity yet its applications cover a broad area relating to the mechanical behavior of materi als: plasticity, fracture and fatigue, constitutive equations, composite materi als, polycrystals, etc. These subjects are treated in this book by means of a powerful and unified method which is called the 'eigenstrain method. ' In particular, problems relating to inclusions and dislocations are most effectively analyzed by this method, and therefore, special emphasis is placed on these topics.

Micromagnetism and the Microstructure of Ferromagnetic Solids

Micromagnetism and the Microstructure of Ferromagnetic Solids

Author: Helmut Kronmüller

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-10-01

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780521120470

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Here is a fundamental introduction to microstructure magnetic property relations where microstructures on atomic, nano- and micrometer scales are considered. The authors demonstrate that outstanding magnetic properties require an optimization of microstructural properties where the microstructures in crystalline materials are point defects and dislocations as well as grain and phase boundaries. In amorphous alloys the type of microstructures on atomic scales are defined and used to describe intrinsic and extrinsic properties.


Book Synopsis Micromagnetism and the Microstructure of Ferromagnetic Solids by : Helmut Kronmüller

Download or read book Micromagnetism and the Microstructure of Ferromagnetic Solids written by Helmut Kronmüller and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-10-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a fundamental introduction to microstructure magnetic property relations where microstructures on atomic, nano- and micrometer scales are considered. The authors demonstrate that outstanding magnetic properties require an optimization of microstructural properties where the microstructures in crystalline materials are point defects and dislocations as well as grain and phase boundaries. In amorphous alloys the type of microstructures on atomic scales are defined and used to describe intrinsic and extrinsic properties.

Electrons in Solids

Electrons in Solids

Author: Richard A Dunlap

Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers

Published: 2019-10-24

Total Pages: 114

ISBN-13: 1643276905

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The transport of electric charge through most materials is well described in terms of their electronic band structure. The present book deals with two cases where the charge transport in a solid is not described by the simple band structure picture of the solid. These cases are related to the phenomena of the quantum Hall effect and superconductivity. Part I of this book deals with the quantum Hall effect, which is a consequence of the behavior of electrons in solids when they are constrained to move in two dimensions. Part II of the present volume describes the behavior of superconductors, where electrons are bound together in Cooper pairs and travel through a material without resistance.


Book Synopsis Electrons in Solids by : Richard A Dunlap

Download or read book Electrons in Solids written by Richard A Dunlap and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transport of electric charge through most materials is well described in terms of their electronic band structure. The present book deals with two cases where the charge transport in a solid is not described by the simple band structure picture of the solid. These cases are related to the phenomena of the quantum Hall effect and superconductivity. Part I of this book deals with the quantum Hall effect, which is a consequence of the behavior of electrons in solids when they are constrained to move in two dimensions. Part II of the present volume describes the behavior of superconductors, where electrons are bound together in Cooper pairs and travel through a material without resistance.