Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Author: Debasis Bagchi

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2012-01-31

Total Pages: 553

ISBN-13: 0123850835

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Diabetes mellitus affects approximately 20 million people in the US, or nearly 7% of the population. It is expected to increase by 70% within the next 25 years, and numerous epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that type 2 diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is estimated to cost over $92 billion in health care costs and lost productivity. The increased risk is due to the detrimental vascular effects of prolonged exposure to a hyperglycemic, oxidant-rich environment yielding associated cardiovascular risk factors: atherosclerosis, hypertension and clotting abnormalities. Hypertension and dyslipidemia in diabetic patients produces substantial decreases in cardiovascular and microvascular diseases. Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome provides an overview of the current epidemic, outlines the consequences of this crisis and lays out strategies to forestall and prevent diabetes, obesity and other intricate issues of metabolic syndrome. The contributing experts from around the world give this book relevant and up-to-date global approaches to the critical consequences of metabolic syndrome and make it an important reference for those working with the treatment, evaluation or public health planning for the effects of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Scientific discussion of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the relationship between diabetes and metabolic syndrome Includes coverage of Pre-diabetes conditions plus both Type I and Type II Diabetes Presents both prevention and treatment options


Book Synopsis Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome by : Debasis Bagchi

Download or read book Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome written by Debasis Bagchi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes mellitus affects approximately 20 million people in the US, or nearly 7% of the population. It is expected to increase by 70% within the next 25 years, and numerous epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that type 2 diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is estimated to cost over $92 billion in health care costs and lost productivity. The increased risk is due to the detrimental vascular effects of prolonged exposure to a hyperglycemic, oxidant-rich environment yielding associated cardiovascular risk factors: atherosclerosis, hypertension and clotting abnormalities. Hypertension and dyslipidemia in diabetic patients produces substantial decreases in cardiovascular and microvascular diseases. Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome provides an overview of the current epidemic, outlines the consequences of this crisis and lays out strategies to forestall and prevent diabetes, obesity and other intricate issues of metabolic syndrome. The contributing experts from around the world give this book relevant and up-to-date global approaches to the critical consequences of metabolic syndrome and make it an important reference for those working with the treatment, evaluation or public health planning for the effects of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Scientific discussion of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the relationship between diabetes and metabolic syndrome Includes coverage of Pre-diabetes conditions plus both Type I and Type II Diabetes Presents both prevention and treatment options


Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Author: Debasis Bagchi

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2018-05-25

Total Pages: 554

ISBN-13: 0128120088

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Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome, Second Edition, provides an overview of the current diabetes epidemic, outlines the consequences of this crisis, and lays out strategies to forestall and prevent diabetes, obesity and other intricate issues of metabolic syndrome. Contributing experts provide up-to-date global approaches to the critical consequences of metabolic syndrome and make the book an important reference for those working with the treatment, evaluation or public health planning for the effects of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Completely revised with 15 new chapters, the book includes coverage of the roles of gut microbiome in obesity and diabetes, macrovascular and microvascular complications, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and kidney disease, aspects of diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetes, Alzheimer’s and neurodegenerative diseases, roles of SGLT2 inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, novel biomarkers in diabetes, roles of Trigonella foenum-graecumseed extract in type 2 diabetes, beneficial effects of chromium (III) and vanadium supplements in diabetes, prevention of type 1 diabetes, novel drugs in the therapeutic intervention of type 2 diabetes, eHealth and mobile apps for self-management, artificial pancreatic transplantation, non-invasive glucose monitoring, and the app for glucose regulation. Contains a scientific discussion of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the relationship between diabetes and metabolic syndrome Includes coverage of Pre-diabetes conditions, plus both Type I and Type II Diabetes Presents both prevention and treatment options


Book Synopsis Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome by : Debasis Bagchi

Download or read book Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome written by Debasis Bagchi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-05-25 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions for Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome, Second Edition, provides an overview of the current diabetes epidemic, outlines the consequences of this crisis, and lays out strategies to forestall and prevent diabetes, obesity and other intricate issues of metabolic syndrome. Contributing experts provide up-to-date global approaches to the critical consequences of metabolic syndrome and make the book an important reference for those working with the treatment, evaluation or public health planning for the effects of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Completely revised with 15 new chapters, the book includes coverage of the roles of gut microbiome in obesity and diabetes, macrovascular and microvascular complications, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and kidney disease, aspects of diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetes, Alzheimer’s and neurodegenerative diseases, roles of SGLT2 inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, novel biomarkers in diabetes, roles of Trigonella foenum-graecumseed extract in type 2 diabetes, beneficial effects of chromium (III) and vanadium supplements in diabetes, prevention of type 1 diabetes, novel drugs in the therapeutic intervention of type 2 diabetes, eHealth and mobile apps for self-management, artificial pancreatic transplantation, non-invasive glucose monitoring, and the app for glucose regulation. Contains a scientific discussion of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the relationship between diabetes and metabolic syndrome Includes coverage of Pre-diabetes conditions, plus both Type I and Type II Diabetes Presents both prevention and treatment options


Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Dysmetabolic Syndrome

Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Dysmetabolic Syndrome

Author: John P. Bantle

Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers

Published: 2006-01-01

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 3805580959

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Evaluating treatment and prevention strategies Over the next decade, the global number of people with diabetes and at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease is expected to grow by 25%, largely driven by the rising prevalence of obesity and inactivity. The problem is especially serious in Asia, where the WHO predicts that in less than a decade, 60% of the worldwide population with diabetes will be found. In order to avoid that the disease turns into a huge economic burden, individuals at risk must be identified, and prevention and suitable treatment interventions implemented. Conceding that the optimal diet for diabetes has yet to be defined and that nutrition and lifestyle management must be individualized to enhance the potential for a successful outcome, this publication examines the impact of lifestyle - which includes both nutritional management and physical activity - in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Among the topics addressed are the dysmetabolic syndrome, glycemic effect of carbohydrates, glycemic control and beyond, diabetes in the life cycle as well as the role of drugs and dietary therapy. Written by leading experts in the field, the papers collected in this publication contain a wealth of information for nutritionists, dietitians, physicians and epidemiologists.


Book Synopsis Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Dysmetabolic Syndrome by : John P. Bantle

Download or read book Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Dysmetabolic Syndrome written by John P. Bantle and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluating treatment and prevention strategies Over the next decade, the global number of people with diabetes and at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease is expected to grow by 25%, largely driven by the rising prevalence of obesity and inactivity. The problem is especially serious in Asia, where the WHO predicts that in less than a decade, 60% of the worldwide population with diabetes will be found. In order to avoid that the disease turns into a huge economic burden, individuals at risk must be identified, and prevention and suitable treatment interventions implemented. Conceding that the optimal diet for diabetes has yet to be defined and that nutrition and lifestyle management must be individualized to enhance the potential for a successful outcome, this publication examines the impact of lifestyle - which includes both nutritional management and physical activity - in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Among the topics addressed are the dysmetabolic syndrome, glycemic effect of carbohydrates, glycemic control and beyond, diabetes in the life cycle as well as the role of drugs and dietary therapy. Written by leading experts in the field, the papers collected in this publication contain a wealth of information for nutritionists, dietitians, physicians and epidemiologists.


Handbook of Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy

Handbook of Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy

Author: Margaret A. Powers (RD.)

Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 748

ISBN-13: 9780834206311

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Provides dietitians and other health care professionals with the information they need to provide comprehensive diabetes care and self-management training. Topics covered include understanding diabetes (pathophysiology, complications of diabetes); setting and achieving management goals (medical nutrition therapy, nutrition assessment, diabetes medications and delivery methods, exercise benefits and guidelines, comprehensive monitoring, blood glucose monitoring, preparing and evaluating diabetes education programs, counseling skills); selecting a nutrition approach (expanding meal-planning approaches, the exchange system, carbohydrate counting, weight reduction, cultural considerations); macronutrient influence on blood glucose and health (complex and simple carbohydrates in diabetes therapy, identifying protein needs, lipid metabolism and choices, issues in prescribing calories, low-calorie sweeteners and fat replacers, fiber metabolism); making food choices; life stages (children and adolescents, pregnancy and diabetes, caring for older persons); and nutrition and specific clinical conditions (renal disease, hypertension, eating disorders, surgery, gastrointestinal issues, dental care, HIV/AIDS); etc.


Book Synopsis Handbook of Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy by : Margaret A. Powers (RD.)

Download or read book Handbook of Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy written by Margaret A. Powers (RD.) and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 1996 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides dietitians and other health care professionals with the information they need to provide comprehensive diabetes care and self-management training. Topics covered include understanding diabetes (pathophysiology, complications of diabetes); setting and achieving management goals (medical nutrition therapy, nutrition assessment, diabetes medications and delivery methods, exercise benefits and guidelines, comprehensive monitoring, blood glucose monitoring, preparing and evaluating diabetes education programs, counseling skills); selecting a nutrition approach (expanding meal-planning approaches, the exchange system, carbohydrate counting, weight reduction, cultural considerations); macronutrient influence on blood glucose and health (complex and simple carbohydrates in diabetes therapy, identifying protein needs, lipid metabolism and choices, issues in prescribing calories, low-calorie sweeteners and fat replacers, fiber metabolism); making food choices; life stages (children and adolescents, pregnancy and diabetes, caring for older persons); and nutrition and specific clinical conditions (renal disease, hypertension, eating disorders, surgery, gastrointestinal issues, dental care, HIV/AIDS); etc.


American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes

American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes

Author: Marion Franz

Publisher: American Diabetes Association

Published: 2012-06-05

Total Pages: 578

ISBN-13: 1580404723

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Diabetes greatly affects how people's bodies manage the food they eat. It is essential that people with diabetes follow a carefully structured meal plan and learn specific skills in order to better control their blood glucose levels. The tactics for helping people manage their diabetes through how they eat is called medical nutrition therapy (MNT). Here the American Diabetes Association presents all of the key information and strategies for effectively teaching patients how to manage their diets. Drawing on the knowledge and expertise of dozens of experts in the field, this book covers all of the key topics for implementing successful medical nutrition therapy. Topics include: Thorough discussion of nutrients Description of MNT for type 1 and type 2 diabetes Discussion of providing MNT to special populations, including youth and older individuals Explanation of the different complications of diabetes, such as kidney disease, celiac disease, and cystic fibrosis, and how they impact MNT Latest details on new technology used in MNT Guidelines and strategies for teaching patients about nutrition therapy and how to use it in their daily lives Using MNT to help prevent diabetes


Book Synopsis American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes by : Marion Franz

Download or read book American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes written by Marion Franz and published by American Diabetes Association. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes greatly affects how people's bodies manage the food they eat. It is essential that people with diabetes follow a carefully structured meal plan and learn specific skills in order to better control their blood glucose levels. The tactics for helping people manage their diabetes through how they eat is called medical nutrition therapy (MNT). Here the American Diabetes Association presents all of the key information and strategies for effectively teaching patients how to manage their diets. Drawing on the knowledge and expertise of dozens of experts in the field, this book covers all of the key topics for implementing successful medical nutrition therapy. Topics include: Thorough discussion of nutrients Description of MNT for type 1 and type 2 diabetes Discussion of providing MNT to special populations, including youth and older individuals Explanation of the different complications of diabetes, such as kidney disease, celiac disease, and cystic fibrosis, and how they impact MNT Latest details on new technology used in MNT Guidelines and strategies for teaching patients about nutrition therapy and how to use it in their daily lives Using MNT to help prevent diabetes


American Dietetic Association Guide to Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy and Education

American Dietetic Association Guide to Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy and Education

Author: Tami Ross

Publisher: American Dietetic Associati

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 314

ISBN-13: 0880913339

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Medical nutrition therapy plays an integral role in the management in diabetes. This comprehensive guide is an evidence-based review of MNT and the Nutrition Care Process and a practical reference of diabetes management tools and nutrition education. Covering practice guidelines, outcomes evaluation, nutrition assessments, goal-setting, behavior change and interventions, this guide is a must-have resource for health-care professionals serving the diabetes community.


Book Synopsis American Dietetic Association Guide to Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy and Education by : Tami Ross

Download or read book American Dietetic Association Guide to Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy and Education written by Tami Ross and published by American Dietetic Associati. This book was released on 2005 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical nutrition therapy plays an integral role in the management in diabetes. This comprehensive guide is an evidence-based review of MNT and the Nutrition Care Process and a practical reference of diabetes management tools and nutrition education. Covering practice guidelines, outcomes evaluation, nutrition assessments, goal-setting, behavior change and interventions, this guide is a must-have resource for health-care professionals serving the diabetes community.


Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Author: Gary Frost

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2003-11-04

Total Pages: 283

ISBN-13: 0470869429

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Diabetes mellitus is a common disorder where the body is no longer able to regulate blood glucose levels correctly owing to defects in insulin secretion or action. While some people require treatment with insulin, many are able to control their diabetes through management of diet, e.g. by decreasing the fat intake and increasing the amount of fibre. This book provides an up-to-date review of the dietary management of diabetes looking at general topics, such as the metabolic principles of nutrition, as well as more specific topics, such as nutritional management of diabetic children, pregnant women and the elderly. A specialist text on the nutritional management of diabetes A practical book, useful in clinical practice Written by well respected clinicians within the field


Book Synopsis Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus by : Gary Frost

Download or read book Nutritional Management of Diabetes Mellitus written by Gary Frost and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-11-04 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes mellitus is a common disorder where the body is no longer able to regulate blood glucose levels correctly owing to defects in insulin secretion or action. While some people require treatment with insulin, many are able to control their diabetes through management of diet, e.g. by decreasing the fat intake and increasing the amount of fibre. This book provides an up-to-date review of the dietary management of diabetes looking at general topics, such as the metabolic principles of nutrition, as well as more specific topics, such as nutritional management of diabetic children, pregnant women and the elderly. A specialist text on the nutritional management of diabetes A practical book, useful in clinical practice Written by well respected clinicians within the field


American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes

American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes

Author: Alision B. Evert, MS, RDN, CDE

Publisher: American Diabetes Association

Published: 2017-05-15

Total Pages: 535

ISBN-13: 1580406890

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Nutrition therapy is an essential component of effective diabetes management. Healthcare providers need to stay current on new developments in nutrition therapy and specific interventions for a wide range of patient populations and special circumstances in order to provide the best possible outcomes for their patients. Revised and updated to incorporate the latest research and evidence-based guidelines, the third edition of the American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes is a comprehensive resource for the successful implementation of nutrition therapy for people with diabetes. Topics covered include: • Macronutrients and micronutrients • Nutrition therapy for pregnant women, youth, older adults, andpeople with prediabetes • Nutrition therapy for hospitalized and long-term care patients • Celiac disease, eating disorders, and diabetes complications • Cost-effectiveness of nutrition therapy, health literacy and numeracy, and community-based diabetes prevention programs


Book Synopsis American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes by : Alision B. Evert, MS, RDN, CDE

Download or read book American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes written by Alision B. Evert, MS, RDN, CDE and published by American Diabetes Association. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition therapy is an essential component of effective diabetes management. Healthcare providers need to stay current on new developments in nutrition therapy and specific interventions for a wide range of patient populations and special circumstances in order to provide the best possible outcomes for their patients. Revised and updated to incorporate the latest research and evidence-based guidelines, the third edition of the American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes is a comprehensive resource for the successful implementation of nutrition therapy for people with diabetes. Topics covered include: • Macronutrients and micronutrients • Nutrition therapy for pregnant women, youth, older adults, andpeople with prediabetes • Nutrition therapy for hospitalized and long-term care patients • Celiac disease, eating disorders, and diabetes complications • Cost-effectiveness of nutrition therapy, health literacy and numeracy, and community-based diabetes prevention programs


Nutrition and Diabetes

Nutrition and Diabetes

Author: Emmanuel C. Opara

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2019-01-03

Total Pages: 471

ISBN-13: 1351780107

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Diabetes occurs at such an alarming rate that it can be described as a global epidemic. Following its predecessor, Nutrition and Diabetes: Pathophysiology and Management, Second Edition, is a comprehensive resource that describes various factors that drive the accumulation of excess body weight and fat resulting in obesity. The book discusses the metabolic aberrations found in obesity and how they lead to the association of obesity with diabetes. This new edition highlights the role played by diet and the interrelationships in the metabolism of key nutrients in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes which provides the scientific basis for treatment and management approaches. Features Highlights the role of nutrition in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes Organized logically into two easy-to-use sections - Pathophysiology and Management of Obesity and Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetes Features emerging therapeutic approaches for management of obesity and diabetes Discusses experience in the management of obesity and diabetes in developing countries Presents challenges in insulin therapy and provides guidelines to overcome them The first section of the book retains key topics from the previous edition and contains new chapters including genetic determinants of nutrient processing; fat distribution and diabetes mellitus; combined effect of diet and physical activity in the management of obesity; pharmacologic treatment of obesity; and the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity. The second section features updated versions of most of the other chapters in the first edition comprising a modified chapter on oxidative stress and the effects of dietary supplements on glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes. In addition, new chapters are added in this section and include the contribution of iron and transition metal micronutrients to diabetes; role of microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes; primary prevention of Type 2 diabetes; and the pathophysiology and management of Type 1 diabetes.


Book Synopsis Nutrition and Diabetes by : Emmanuel C. Opara

Download or read book Nutrition and Diabetes written by Emmanuel C. Opara and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes occurs at such an alarming rate that it can be described as a global epidemic. Following its predecessor, Nutrition and Diabetes: Pathophysiology and Management, Second Edition, is a comprehensive resource that describes various factors that drive the accumulation of excess body weight and fat resulting in obesity. The book discusses the metabolic aberrations found in obesity and how they lead to the association of obesity with diabetes. This new edition highlights the role played by diet and the interrelationships in the metabolism of key nutrients in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes which provides the scientific basis for treatment and management approaches. Features Highlights the role of nutrition in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes Organized logically into two easy-to-use sections - Pathophysiology and Management of Obesity and Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetes Features emerging therapeutic approaches for management of obesity and diabetes Discusses experience in the management of obesity and diabetes in developing countries Presents challenges in insulin therapy and provides guidelines to overcome them The first section of the book retains key topics from the previous edition and contains new chapters including genetic determinants of nutrient processing; fat distribution and diabetes mellitus; combined effect of diet and physical activity in the management of obesity; pharmacologic treatment of obesity; and the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity. The second section features updated versions of most of the other chapters in the first edition comprising a modified chapter on oxidative stress and the effects of dietary supplements on glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes. In addition, new chapters are added in this section and include the contribution of iron and transition metal micronutrients to diabetes; role of microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes; primary prevention of Type 2 diabetes; and the pathophysiology and management of Type 1 diabetes.


Functional Food and Human Health

Functional Food and Human Health

Author: Vibha Rani

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-10-12

Total Pages: 694

ISBN-13: 9811311234

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Global health and the increasing incidence of various diseases are a cause for concern, and doctors and scientists reason that the diet, food habits and lifestyle are contributing factors. Processed food has reduced the nutritional value of our diet, and although supplementing foods with various additives is considered an alternative, the long-term impact of this is not known. Many laboratories around the world are working to identify various nutritional components in our daily food and their effect on human health. These have been classified as Nutraceuticals or functional food, and they may have preventive and therapeutic effects in a number of pathologies associated with modern dietary habits and lifestyles. This book addresses various aspects of this issue, revitalizing the discussion and consolidating the latest research on nutritional and functional food and their effects in in-vitro, in-vivo and human clinical studies.


Book Synopsis Functional Food and Human Health by : Vibha Rani

Download or read book Functional Food and Human Health written by Vibha Rani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-12 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global health and the increasing incidence of various diseases are a cause for concern, and doctors and scientists reason that the diet, food habits and lifestyle are contributing factors. Processed food has reduced the nutritional value of our diet, and although supplementing foods with various additives is considered an alternative, the long-term impact of this is not known. Many laboratories around the world are working to identify various nutritional components in our daily food and their effect on human health. These have been classified as Nutraceuticals or functional food, and they may have preventive and therapeutic effects in a number of pathologies associated with modern dietary habits and lifestyles. This book addresses various aspects of this issue, revitalizing the discussion and consolidating the latest research on nutritional and functional food and their effects in in-vitro, in-vivo and human clinical studies.