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During the final decades of Ottoman rule, Palestine was administratively divided into two states, Jerusalem and Beirut. Both provinces exhibited a strikingly cohesive history of modernisation, and as the Ottoman Empire began to recede, the education systems, taxation and bureaucracy which were left behind formed the foundation of administration in the Palestinian authority today. The reign of Sultan Abdulmecid I saw great changes in Palestine, in line with the Tanzimat reform programme. These changes included the monetisation of the economy, structural changes in land ownership, legal reform, moves towards Ottoman centralisation and the first European immigration to the area. Education was expanded to the lower classes, and Arab and Palestinian nationalism and Islamic movements began to stir by the end of the century as the first Zionist settlers arrived. At the heart of these radical shifts in thought and infrastructure were the new administrative centres established by the Ottomans during this period of re-organisation. Drawing extensively on official Ottoman records, Farid Al-Salim charts the transformation of one such centre, Tulkarm, from a small village in central Palestine to a seat of administrative reform in order to provide a new account of the forces behind the formation of modern Palestine.
Book Synopsis Palestine and the Decline of the Ottoman Empire by : Farid Al-Salim
Download or read book Palestine and the Decline of the Ottoman Empire written by Farid Al-Salim and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-04-07 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the final decades of Ottoman rule, Palestine was administratively divided into two states, Jerusalem and Beirut. Both provinces exhibited a strikingly cohesive history of modernisation, and as the Ottoman Empire began to recede, the education systems, taxation and bureaucracy which were left behind formed the foundation of administration in the Palestinian authority today. The reign of Sultan Abdulmecid I saw great changes in Palestine, in line with the Tanzimat reform programme. These changes included the monetisation of the economy, structural changes in land ownership, legal reform, moves towards Ottoman centralisation and the first European immigration to the area. Education was expanded to the lower classes, and Arab and Palestinian nationalism and Islamic movements began to stir by the end of the century as the first Zionist settlers arrived. At the heart of these radical shifts in thought and infrastructure were the new administrative centres established by the Ottomans during this period of re-organisation. Drawing extensively on official Ottoman records, Farid Al-Salim charts the transformation of one such centre, Tulkarm, from a small village in central Palestine to a seat of administrative reform in order to provide a new account of the forces behind the formation of modern Palestine.
Like England's Charles II, the Ottoman Empire took "an unconscionable time dying." Since the seventeenth century, observers had been predicting the collapse of this so-called Sick Man of Europe, yet it survived all its rivals. As late as 1910, the Ottoman Empire straddled three continents. Unlike the Romanovs, Habsburgs, or Hohenzollerns, the House of Osman, which had allied itself with the Kaiser, was still recognized as an imperial dynasty during the peace conference following World War I. "The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire" offers a provocative view of the empire's decline, from the failure to take Vienna in 1683 to the abolition of the Sultanate by Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) in 1922 during a revolutionary upsurge in Turkish national pride. The narrative contains instances of violent revolt and bloody reprisals, such as the massacres of Armenians in 1896, and other "ethnic episodes" in Crete and Macedonia. More generally, it emphasizes recurring problems: competition between religious and secular authority; the acceptance or rejection of Western ideas; and the strength or weakness of successive Sultans. The book also highlights the special challenges of the early twentieth century, when railways and oilfields gave new importance to Ottoman lands in the Middle East. Events of the past few years have placed the problems that faced the last Sultans back on the world agenda. The old empire's outposts in the Balkans and in Iraq are still considered trouble spots. Alan Palmer offers considerable insight into the historical roots of many contemporary problems: the Kurdish struggle for survival, the sad continuity of conflict in Lebanon, and the centuries-old Muslim presence in Sarajevo. He also recounts the Ottoman Empire's lingering interests in their oil-rich Libyan provinces. By exploring that legacy over the past three centuries, "The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire" examines a past whose effect on the present may go a long way toward explaining the future. Praise for "The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire" "Alan Palmer writes the sort of history that dons did before 'accessible' became an academic insult. It is cool, rational, scholarly, literate."--John Keegan "A scholarly, readable and balanced history."--"The Independent on Sunday" "A marvellously readable book based on massive research."--Robert Blake
Book Synopsis The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire by : Alan Palmer
Download or read book The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire written by Alan Palmer and published by Barnes & Noble Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like England's Charles II, the Ottoman Empire took "an unconscionable time dying." Since the seventeenth century, observers had been predicting the collapse of this so-called Sick Man of Europe, yet it survived all its rivals. As late as 1910, the Ottoman Empire straddled three continents. Unlike the Romanovs, Habsburgs, or Hohenzollerns, the House of Osman, which had allied itself with the Kaiser, was still recognized as an imperial dynasty during the peace conference following World War I. "The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire" offers a provocative view of the empire's decline, from the failure to take Vienna in 1683 to the abolition of the Sultanate by Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) in 1922 during a revolutionary upsurge in Turkish national pride. The narrative contains instances of violent revolt and bloody reprisals, such as the massacres of Armenians in 1896, and other "ethnic episodes" in Crete and Macedonia. More generally, it emphasizes recurring problems: competition between religious and secular authority; the acceptance or rejection of Western ideas; and the strength or weakness of successive Sultans. The book also highlights the special challenges of the early twentieth century, when railways and oilfields gave new importance to Ottoman lands in the Middle East. Events of the past few years have placed the problems that faced the last Sultans back on the world agenda. The old empire's outposts in the Balkans and in Iraq are still considered trouble spots. Alan Palmer offers considerable insight into the historical roots of many contemporary problems: the Kurdish struggle for survival, the sad continuity of conflict in Lebanon, and the centuries-old Muslim presence in Sarajevo. He also recounts the Ottoman Empire's lingering interests in their oil-rich Libyan provinces. By exploring that legacy over the past three centuries, "The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire" examines a past whose effect on the present may go a long way toward explaining the future. Praise for "The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire" "Alan Palmer writes the sort of history that dons did before 'accessible' became an academic insult. It is cool, rational, scholarly, literate."--John Keegan "A scholarly, readable and balanced history."--"The Independent on Sunday" "A marvellously readable book based on massive research."--Robert Blake
Like other regions within the Ottoman Empire, Palestine at the turn of the nineteenth century underwent extensive economic and social changes. These encompassed the demography, society and economics of the various ecological groups of the population. The articles in this volume present different aspects of this long and complex process. They fall thematically into four groups. The first, which includes articles by U.O. Schmelz and Ruth Kark, focuses on demographic and urban developments. the second, with articles by Ya'akov Firestone and Yossi Ben-Artzi, offers various views of changes in the village and in agriculture in Palestine. The third part, containing articles by Shmuel Avitsur, Walter Pinhas Pick, Nachum T. Gross and Alex Carmel, covers several areas in the historical development of the industrial and services branches. Finally, the articles in the fourth section, by Oded Peri, Gabriel Baer and Clinton Bailey, examine questions in the sphere of fiscal developments. Included are studies on Arab and Jewish as well as nomadic, rural and urban societies. The consequences of economic activity in the private and public sectors and of local and foreign entrepreneurs are examined. In several articles the authros trace the changes that occurred in traditional insitutions such as the Muslim waqf, while others focus on the introduction of the new economic institutions such as the modern bank and railway.
Book Synopsis Ottoman Palestine 1800-1914 by : Gilbar
Download or read book Ottoman Palestine 1800-1914 written by Gilbar and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-11-27 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like other regions within the Ottoman Empire, Palestine at the turn of the nineteenth century underwent extensive economic and social changes. These encompassed the demography, society and economics of the various ecological groups of the population. The articles in this volume present different aspects of this long and complex process. They fall thematically into four groups. The first, which includes articles by U.O. Schmelz and Ruth Kark, focuses on demographic and urban developments. the second, with articles by Ya'akov Firestone and Yossi Ben-Artzi, offers various views of changes in the village and in agriculture in Palestine. The third part, containing articles by Shmuel Avitsur, Walter Pinhas Pick, Nachum T. Gross and Alex Carmel, covers several areas in the historical development of the industrial and services branches. Finally, the articles in the fourth section, by Oded Peri, Gabriel Baer and Clinton Bailey, examine questions in the sphere of fiscal developments. Included are studies on Arab and Jewish as well as nomadic, rural and urban societies. The consequences of economic activity in the private and public sectors and of local and foreign entrepreneurs are examined. In several articles the authros trace the changes that occurred in traditional insitutions such as the Muslim waqf, while others focus on the introduction of the new economic institutions such as the modern bank and railway.
Book Synopsis Palestine in the Late Ottoman Period by : David Kushner
Download or read book Palestine in the Late Ottoman Period written by David Kushner and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The decisive consequences of the Young Turk Revolution of 1908 had ramifications over the entire Ottoman Empire - and the Ottoman territory of Palestine was no exception. "Late Ottoman Palestine" examines the impact of Young Turk policies and reforms on local societies and administration, using Palestine as a prism through which to explore the impact of the Revolution in the provincial arena far from the administrative and political centre of the capital. It thus sheds light upon the last decade of Ottoman rule in Palestine, crucially dealing with the roots of Jewish-Arab conflict in the area and the early crystallization of Arab, Palestinian and Zionist identities, along with that of an Ottoman imperial identity. It will be a vital resource for students and researchers interested in the modern history of the Middle East, the Ottoman Empire and Palestine.
Book Synopsis Late Ottoman Palestine by : Yuval Ben-Bassat
Download or read book Late Ottoman Palestine written by Yuval Ben-Bassat and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2011-06-30 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decisive consequences of the Young Turk Revolution of 1908 had ramifications over the entire Ottoman Empire - and the Ottoman territory of Palestine was no exception. "Late Ottoman Palestine" examines the impact of Young Turk policies and reforms on local societies and administration, using Palestine as a prism through which to explore the impact of the Revolution in the provincial arena far from the administrative and political centre of the capital. It thus sheds light upon the last decade of Ottoman rule in Palestine, crucially dealing with the roots of Jewish-Arab conflict in the area and the early crystallization of Arab, Palestinian and Zionist identities, along with that of an Ottoman imperial identity. It will be a vital resource for students and researchers interested in the modern history of the Middle East, the Ottoman Empire and Palestine.
Book Synopsis Some Reflections on the Decline of the Ottoman Empire by : Bernard Lewis
Download or read book Some Reflections on the Decline of the Ottoman Empire written by Bernard Lewis and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
One of the greatest superpowers, existent in the annals of political history has been the Ottoman Empire. At their zenith, the Ottomans, headquartered in their capital of Istanbul, governed with great vigour and writ, a huge chunk of land ranging from sub Saharan Africa in the west to the Persian Gulf in the east including sub autonomous regions of Asia Minor, North Africa, Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Nonetheless, like all big guns of modern history, Ottomans met their fate in the first quarter of the 20th Century through a complete downfall. Prior to their dissolution, the ailing Ottomans left no stone unturned in preserving their prestige by initiating a series of reforms starting in the year 1858. Apart from the development of a fleeting parliament on several occasions, a fragile constitution, sultanate-wide network of railroads, aviation squadrons and a national exchequer bound to bankruptcy, the Ottomans applied a well devised, super structured and a magna-carta type land code in 1873, which emancipated after a mega brainstorming of executives from all walks of life. Although, a last ditch attempt by the elite to salvage their kingdom, the land code in reality did not achieve the prime objective to secure the survival of the Empire and in 1923, the Ottomans collapsed to their downfall. Post downfall the lands once ruled by the Ottomans fragmented into various individualist identities; hitherto the Ottoman land code got greater appreciation from continental Europe and her colonial powers, so much so, when Jerusalem fell to the British coinciding with the Balfour declaration in 1917, followed by the Sykes-picot agreement and until the absolute demarcation of the British and the French mandates in the Levant, the land code remained the edifice of land distribution, acquirement and mortgage in these neo-autonomous lands of the breakaway empire. The case of Palestine secured most importance due to the two state solution promulgated by the British since the 1920's. Although, when the British finally departed in 1948, the land code did not get precedence in the erstwhile kingdom of Egypt, nor in the Hashemite Kingdoms of Iraq and Transjordan and neither the affluent regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Syria or Lebanon adopted even a single decree of the land code. To the earnest surprise of the reader, the only country which furthered with this masterpiece of a document was the Jewish entity created in Occupied Palestine. The land code remained the sole bone of contention between the Jewish Population and the Arab-Muslim indigenous populace of Palestine, as both ethnicities garnered support for their rights, causes and survival through the Ottoman code of 1873, albeit, it was the doctrine of precedence. This research paper will hopefully examine the crux of this problem by illustrating the implications, repercussions through the application of the land code and certain key observations in how the paradox of understandings of both rival sides in reclaiming their lost heritage resulted in a major tactic in achievement of a Jewish mandate in the erstwhile Ottoman Palestine.
Book Synopsis The Land Reforms of the Ottoman Empire by : Irfan Ali Thanvi
Download or read book The Land Reforms of the Ottoman Empire written by Irfan Ali Thanvi and published by . This book was released on 2018-04 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest superpowers, existent in the annals of political history has been the Ottoman Empire. At their zenith, the Ottomans, headquartered in their capital of Istanbul, governed with great vigour and writ, a huge chunk of land ranging from sub Saharan Africa in the west to the Persian Gulf in the east including sub autonomous regions of Asia Minor, North Africa, Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Nonetheless, like all big guns of modern history, Ottomans met their fate in the first quarter of the 20th Century through a complete downfall. Prior to their dissolution, the ailing Ottomans left no stone unturned in preserving their prestige by initiating a series of reforms starting in the year 1858. Apart from the development of a fleeting parliament on several occasions, a fragile constitution, sultanate-wide network of railroads, aviation squadrons and a national exchequer bound to bankruptcy, the Ottomans applied a well devised, super structured and a magna-carta type land code in 1873, which emancipated after a mega brainstorming of executives from all walks of life. Although, a last ditch attempt by the elite to salvage their kingdom, the land code in reality did not achieve the prime objective to secure the survival of the Empire and in 1923, the Ottomans collapsed to their downfall. Post downfall the lands once ruled by the Ottomans fragmented into various individualist identities; hitherto the Ottoman land code got greater appreciation from continental Europe and her colonial powers, so much so, when Jerusalem fell to the British coinciding with the Balfour declaration in 1917, followed by the Sykes-picot agreement and until the absolute demarcation of the British and the French mandates in the Levant, the land code remained the edifice of land distribution, acquirement and mortgage in these neo-autonomous lands of the breakaway empire. The case of Palestine secured most importance due to the two state solution promulgated by the British since the 1920's. Although, when the British finally departed in 1948, the land code did not get precedence in the erstwhile kingdom of Egypt, nor in the Hashemite Kingdoms of Iraq and Transjordan and neither the affluent regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Syria or Lebanon adopted even a single decree of the land code. To the earnest surprise of the reader, the only country which furthered with this masterpiece of a document was the Jewish entity created in Occupied Palestine. The land code remained the sole bone of contention between the Jewish Population and the Arab-Muslim indigenous populace of Palestine, as both ethnicities garnered support for their rights, causes and survival through the Ottoman code of 1873, albeit, it was the doctrine of precedence. This research paper will hopefully examine the crux of this problem by illustrating the implications, repercussions through the application of the land code and certain key observations in how the paradox of understandings of both rival sides in reclaiming their lost heritage resulted in a major tactic in achievement of a Jewish mandate in the erstwhile Ottoman Palestine.
In this deeply researched political biography, Ilan Pappé traces the rise of the Husayni family of Jerusalem, who dominated Palestinian history from the early 1700s until the second half of the twentieth century. Viewing this sweeping saga through the prism of one family, the book sheds new light on crucial events—the invasion of Palestine by Napoleon, the decline of the Ottoman Empire, World War I, western colonialism, and the advent of Zionism—and provides an unforgettable picture of the Palestinian tragedy in its entirety. The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty is the history of Palestinian politics before national movements and political parties: at the height of the Husaynis’ influence, positions in Jerusalem and Palestine could only be obtained through the family’s power base. In telling the story of one family, the book highlights the continuity between periods customarily divided into pre-modern and modern, pre-Zionist and Zionist, illuminating history as it was actually lived.
Book Synopsis The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty by : Ilan Pappe
Download or read book The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty written by Ilan Pappe and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this deeply researched political biography, Ilan Pappé traces the rise of the Husayni family of Jerusalem, who dominated Palestinian history from the early 1700s until the second half of the twentieth century. Viewing this sweeping saga through the prism of one family, the book sheds new light on crucial events—the invasion of Palestine by Napoleon, the decline of the Ottoman Empire, World War I, western colonialism, and the advent of Zionism—and provides an unforgettable picture of the Palestinian tragedy in its entirety. The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty is the history of Palestinian politics before national movements and political parties: at the height of the Husaynis’ influence, positions in Jerusalem and Palestine could only be obtained through the family’s power base. In telling the story of one family, the book highlights the continuity between periods customarily divided into pre-modern and modern, pre-Zionist and Zionist, illuminating history as it was actually lived.
Book Synopsis Studies on Palestine During the Ottoman Period by : Moshe Maʻoz
Download or read book Studies on Palestine During the Ottoman Period written by Moshe Maʻoz and published by Jerusalem : Magnes Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
A theoretically informed account of how the Ottoman state redefined itself during the last decades of empire.
Book Synopsis Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire by : Eugene L. Rogan
Download or read book Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire written by Eugene L. Rogan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-04-11 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A theoretically informed account of how the Ottoman state redefined itself during the last decades of empire.