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This work was written by the Roman emperor 'Julian the Apostate' to reassure Constantius that he was on his side. Julian described the ideal ruler as basically "first among equals," operating under the same laws as his subjects.
Book Synopsis Panegyric in honour of Constantius by : Julian
Download or read book Panegyric in honour of Constantius written by Julian and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2021-04-10 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work was written by the Roman emperor 'Julian the Apostate' to reassure Constantius that he was on his side. Julian described the ideal ruler as basically "first among equals," operating under the same laws as his subjects.
Book Synopsis The Works of the Emperor Julian by : Julien
Download or read book The Works of the Emperor Julian written by Julien and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Julian (332 - 26 June 363), also known as Julian the Apostate, was Roman Emperor from 361 to 363, as well as a notable philosopher and author in Greek. A member of the Constantinian dynasty, Julian became Caesar over the western provinces by order of Constantius II in 355 and in this role campaigned successfully against the Alamanni and Franks. Most notable was his crushing victory over the Alamanni in 357 at the Battle of Argentoratum despite being outnumbered. In 360 in Lutetia (Paris) he was proclaimed Augustus by his soldiers, sparking a civil war between Julian and Constantius. Before the two could face each other in battle, however, Constantius died, after naming Julian as his rightful successor. In 363, Julian embarked on an ambitious campaign against the Sassanid Empire. Though initially successful, Julian was mortally wounded in battle and died shortly thereafter. Julian was a man of unusually complex character: he was "the military commander, the theosophist, the social reformer, and the man of letters." He was the last non-Christian ruler of the Roman Empire, and it was his desire to bring the Empire back to its ancient Roman values in order to, as he saw it, save it from dissolution. He purged the top-heavy state bureaucracy and attempted to revive traditional Roman religious practices at the cost of Christianity. His anti-Christian sentiment and promotion of Neoplatonic paganism caused him to be remembered as Julian the Apostate ( Apostates, "a person who has abandoned their religion, principles") by the church. He was the last emperor of the Constantinian dynasty, the empire's first Christian dynasty. Julian's personal religion was both pagan and philosophical; he viewed the traditional myths as allegories, in which the ancient gods were aspects of a philosophical divinity. The chief surviving sources are his works To King Helios and To the Mother of the Gods, which were written as panegyrics, not theological treatises. While there are clear resemblances to other forms of Late Antique religion, it is controversial as to which variety it is most similar. He learned theurgy from Maximus of Ephesus, a student of Iamblichus; his system bears some resemblance to the Neoplatonism of Plotinus; Polymnia Athanassiadi has brought new attention to his relations with Mithraism, although whether he was initiated into it remains debatable; and certain aspects of his thought (such as his reorganization of paganism under High Priests, and his fundamental monotheism) may show Christian influence. Some of these potential sources have not come down to us, and all of them influenced each other, which adds to the difficulties. According to one theory (that of G.W. Bowersock in particular), Julian's paganism was highly eccentric and atypical because it was heavily influenced by an esoteric approach to Platonic philosophy sometimes identified as theurgy and also Neoplatonism. Others (Rowland Smith, in particular) have argued that Julian's philosophical perspective was nothing unusual for a "cultured" pagan of his time, and, at any rate, that Julian's paganism was not limited to philosophy alone, and that he was deeply devoted to the same gods and goddesses as other pagans of his day.
Book Synopsis Panegyric in Honour of Eusebia by : Julian
Download or read book Panegyric in Honour of Eusebia written by Julian and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Julian (332 - 26 June 363), also known as Julian the Apostate, was Roman Emperor from 361 to 363, as well as a notable philosopher and author in Greek. A member of the Constantinian dynasty, Julian became Caesar over the western provinces by order of Constantius II in 355 and in this role campaigned successfully against the Alamanni and Franks. Most notable was his crushing victory over the Alamanni in 357 at the Battle of Argentoratum despite being outnumbered. In 360 in Lutetia (Paris) he was proclaimed Augustus by his soldiers, sparking a civil war between Julian and Constantius. Before the two could face each other in battle, however, Constantius died, after naming Julian as his rightful successor. In 363, Julian embarked on an ambitious campaign against the Sassanid Empire. Though initially successful, Julian was mortally wounded in battle and died shortly thereafter. Julian was a man of unusually complex character: he was "the military commander, the theosophist, the social reformer, and the man of letters." He was the last non-Christian ruler of the Roman Empire, and it was his desire to bring the Empire back to its ancient Roman values in order to, as he saw it, save it from dissolution. He purged the top-heavy state bureaucracy and attempted to revive traditional Roman religious practices at the cost of Christianity. His anti-Christian sentiment and promotion of Neoplatonic paganism caused him to be remembered as Julian the Apostate ( Apostates, "a person who has abandoned their religion, principles") by the church. He was the last emperor of the Constantinian dynasty, the empire's first Christian dynasty. Julian's personal religion was both pagan and philosophical; he viewed the traditional myths as allegories, in which the ancient gods were aspects of a philosophical divinity. The chief surviving sources are his works To King Helios and To the Mother of the Gods, which were written as panegyrics, not theological treatises. While there are clear resemblances to other forms of Late Antique religion, it is controversial as to which variety it is most similar. He learned theurgy from Maximus of Ephesus, a student of Iamblichus; his system bears some resemblance to the Neoplatonism of Plotinus; Polymnia Athanassiadi has brought new attention to his relations with Mithraism, although whether he was initiated into it remains debatable; and certain aspects of his thought (such as his reorganization of paganism under High Priests, and his fundamental monotheism) may show Christian influence. Some of these potential sources have not come down to us, and all of them influenced each other, which adds to the difficulties. According to one theory (that of G.W. Bowersock in particular), Julian's paganism was highly eccentric and atypical because it was heavily influenced by an esoteric approach to Platonic philosophy sometimes identified as theurgy and also Neoplatonism. Others (Rowland Smith, in particular) have argued that Julian's philosophical perspective was nothing unusual for a "cultured" pagan of his time, and, at any rate, that Julian's paganism was not limited to philosophy alone, and that he was deeply devoted to the same gods and goddesses as other pagans of his day.
Download or read book Works written by Julian (Emperor of Rome) and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This collection makes available in English for the first time the panegyric of Claudius Mamertinus (Panegyrici Latini XI/3), a substantial part of the treatise of John Chrysostom on St Babylas and against Julian (de S. Babyla c. Julianum et gentiles XIV-XIX), and Emphrem Syrus' Hymns Against Julian.
Book Synopsis The Emperor Julian by : Samuel N. C. Lieu
Download or read book The Emperor Julian written by Samuel N. C. Lieu and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection makes available in English for the first time the panegyric of Claudius Mamertinus (Panegyrici Latini XI/3), a substantial part of the treatise of John Chrysostom on St Babylas and against Julian (de S. Babyla c. Julianum et gentiles XIV-XIX), and Emphrem Syrus' Hymns Against Julian.
Book Synopsis The Emperor Julian by : Claudio Mamertino (hijo)
Download or read book The Emperor Julian written by Claudio Mamertino (hijo) and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
A literary commentary on the oration describing Constantine's break with Tetrarchic ideology and the creation of his new imperial persona.
Book Synopsis A Literary Commentary on Panegyrici Latini VI(7) by : Catherine Ware
Download or read book A Literary Commentary on Panegyrici Latini VI(7) written by Catherine Ware and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A literary commentary on the oration describing Constantine's break with Tetrarchic ideology and the creation of his new imperial persona.
Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: PANEGYRIC IN HONOUR OF THE EMPEROR CONSTANTIUS I Have long desired, most mighty Emperor, to sing the praises of your valour and achievements, to recount your campaigns, and to tell how you suppressed the tyrannies; how your persuasive eloquence drew away one usurper's1 bodyguard; how you overcame another2 by force of arms. But the vast scale of your exploits deterred me, because what I had to dread was not that my words would fall somewhat short of your achievements, but that I should prove wholly unequal to my theme. That men versed in political debate, or poets, should find it easy to compose a panegyric on your career is not at all surprising. Their practice in speaking, their habit of declaiming in public supplies them abundantly with a well-warranted confidence. But those who have neglected this field and chosen another branch of literary study which devotes itself to a form of composition little adapted to win popular favour and that has not the hardihood to exhibit itself in its nakedness in every theatre, no matter what, would naturally hesitate to make speeches of the epideictic sort. As for the poets, their Muse, and the general belief that it is she who inspires their verse, obviously gives them unlimited 1 Vetranio, 2 Magnentius, i rrjv eovcriav Tov TrXacr/iaro?1 rot? prfropcri Be r/ Te%w) rrjV lrrv Trapeaev aBeiav, To [lev 7rXaTTe dj)o/u,evr), To Be KOa,Keveii' ovBa/J.af dirayopevcraaa, ovBe alcrvvrjv 0/10X07011- /j,evf]v To) eyovTL To T/reuSw? 1 eiraivelv roi/9 ov/c aiot/5 eiraivov Kpivava. aX' 01 p,ev eireiSav icaivov Ttva fjivdov Koi /ArjoeTTW rot? Ttpoadev eTTivorjBevTa avrol vvQevres, To %evu Tow aicovovTa; C TTiov davfdovraf ol Se Tt)? tnroavffai (facnv ev To Bvvaaffai fu/cpuv /4ei%6vci); oie6eiv, ical To /j,eye Twv epycav T 6j(a, ical 0X0)9 .....
Book Synopsis The Works of the Emperor Julian by : Julian
Download or read book The Works of the Emperor Julian written by Julian and published by General Books. This book was released on 2009-08 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: PANEGYRIC IN HONOUR OF THE EMPEROR CONSTANTIUS I Have long desired, most mighty Emperor, to sing the praises of your valour and achievements, to recount your campaigns, and to tell how you suppressed the tyrannies; how your persuasive eloquence drew away one usurper's1 bodyguard; how you overcame another2 by force of arms. But the vast scale of your exploits deterred me, because what I had to dread was not that my words would fall somewhat short of your achievements, but that I should prove wholly unequal to my theme. That men versed in political debate, or poets, should find it easy to compose a panegyric on your career is not at all surprising. Their practice in speaking, their habit of declaiming in public supplies them abundantly with a well-warranted confidence. But those who have neglected this field and chosen another branch of literary study which devotes itself to a form of composition little adapted to win popular favour and that has not the hardihood to exhibit itself in its nakedness in every theatre, no matter what, would naturally hesitate to make speeches of the epideictic sort. As for the poets, their Muse, and the general belief that it is she who inspires their verse, obviously gives them unlimited 1 Vetranio, 2 Magnentius, i rrjv eovcriav Tov TrXacr/iaro?1 rot? prfropcri Be r/ Te%w) rrjV lrrv Trapeaev aBeiav, To [lev 7rXaTTe dj)o/u,evr), To Be KOa,Keveii' ovBa/J.af dirayopevcraaa, ovBe alcrvvrjv 0/10X07011- /j,evf]v To) eyovTL To T/reuSw? 1 eiraivelv roi/9 ov/c aiot/5 eiraivov Kpivava. aX' 01 p,ev eireiSav icaivov Ttva fjivdov Koi /ArjoeTTW rot? Ttpoadev eTTivorjBevTa avrol vvQevres, To %evu Tow aicovovTa; C TTiov davfdovraf ol Se Tt)? tnroavffai (facnv ev To Bvvaaffai fu/cpuv /4ei%6vci); oie6eiv, ical To /j,eye Twv epycav T 6j(a, ical 0X0)9 .....
One of the great maxims of history is that it is written by the victors, and nowhere does this find greater support than in the later Roman Empire. Between 284 and 395 AD, no fewer than 37 men claimed imperial power, though today we recognize barely half of these men as 'legitimate' rulers and more than two thirds died at their subjects' hands. Once established in power, a new ruler needed to publicly legitimate himself and to discredit his predecessor: overt criticism of the new regime became high treason, with historians supressing their accounts for fear of reprisals and the very names of defeated emperors chiselled from public inscriptions and deleted from official records. In a period of such chaos, how can we ever hope to record in any fair or objective way the history of the Roman state? Emperors and Usurpers in the Later Roman Empire is the first history of civil war in the later Roman Empire to be written in English and aims to address this question by focusing on the various ways in which successive imperial dynasties attempted to legitimate themselves and to counter the threat of almost perpetual internal challenge to their rule. Panegyric in particular emerges as a crucial tool for understanding the rapidly changing political world of the third and fourth centuries, providing direct evidence of how, in the wake of civil wars, emperors attempted to publish their legitimacy and to delegitimize their enemies. The ceremony and oratory surrounding imperial courts too was of great significance: used aggressively to dramatize and constantly recall the events of recent civil wars, the narratives produced by the court in this context also went on to have enormous influence on the messages and narratives found within contemporary historical texts. In its exploration of the ways in which successive imperial courts sought to communicate with their subjects, this volume offers a thoroughly original reworking of late Roman domestic politics, and demonstrates not only how history could be erased, rewritten, and repurposed, but also how civil war, and indeed usurpation, became endemic to the later Empire.
Book Synopsis Emperors and Usurpers in the Later Roman Empire by : Adrastos Omissi
Download or read book Emperors and Usurpers in the Later Roman Empire written by Adrastos Omissi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the great maxims of history is that it is written by the victors, and nowhere does this find greater support than in the later Roman Empire. Between 284 and 395 AD, no fewer than 37 men claimed imperial power, though today we recognize barely half of these men as 'legitimate' rulers and more than two thirds died at their subjects' hands. Once established in power, a new ruler needed to publicly legitimate himself and to discredit his predecessor: overt criticism of the new regime became high treason, with historians supressing their accounts for fear of reprisals and the very names of defeated emperors chiselled from public inscriptions and deleted from official records. In a period of such chaos, how can we ever hope to record in any fair or objective way the history of the Roman state? Emperors and Usurpers in the Later Roman Empire is the first history of civil war in the later Roman Empire to be written in English and aims to address this question by focusing on the various ways in which successive imperial dynasties attempted to legitimate themselves and to counter the threat of almost perpetual internal challenge to their rule. Panegyric in particular emerges as a crucial tool for understanding the rapidly changing political world of the third and fourth centuries, providing direct evidence of how, in the wake of civil wars, emperors attempted to publish their legitimacy and to delegitimize their enemies. The ceremony and oratory surrounding imperial courts too was of great significance: used aggressively to dramatize and constantly recall the events of recent civil wars, the narratives produced by the court in this context also went on to have enormous influence on the messages and narratives found within contemporary historical texts. In its exploration of the ways in which successive imperial courts sought to communicate with their subjects, this volume offers a thoroughly original reworking of late Roman domestic politics, and demonstrates not only how history could be erased, rewritten, and repurposed, but also how civil war, and indeed usurpation, became endemic to the later Empire.
This volume offers the first comprehensive analysis in English of all the writings of Julian (r. AD 361-363), the last pagan emperor of Rome, noted for his frontal and self-conscious challenge to Christianity. The book also contains treatments of Julian's laws, inscriptions, coinage, as well as his artistic programme. Across nineteen papers, international specialists in the field of Late Antique Studies offer original interpretations of an extraordinary figure: emperor and philosopher, soldier and accomplished writer. Julian, his life and writings, are here considered as parts of the tumult in politics, culture and religion during the Fourth Century AD. New light is shed on Julian's distinctive literary style and imperial agenda. The volume also includes an up-to-date, consolidated bibliography.
Book Synopsis Emperor and Author by : Nicholas J. Baker-Brian
Download or read book Emperor and Author written by Nicholas J. Baker-Brian and published by Classical Press of Wales. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers the first comprehensive analysis in English of all the writings of Julian (r. AD 361-363), the last pagan emperor of Rome, noted for his frontal and self-conscious challenge to Christianity. The book also contains treatments of Julian's laws, inscriptions, coinage, as well as his artistic programme. Across nineteen papers, international specialists in the field of Late Antique Studies offer original interpretations of an extraordinary figure: emperor and philosopher, soldier and accomplished writer. Julian, his life and writings, are here considered as parts of the tumult in politics, culture and religion during the Fourth Century AD. New light is shed on Julian's distinctive literary style and imperial agenda. The volume also includes an up-to-date, consolidated bibliography.