Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering

Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering

Author: Stanley M. Walas

Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 689

ISBN-13: 1483145085

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Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering is devoted to the thermodynamic basis and practical aspects of the calculation of equilibrium conditions of multiple phases that are pertinent to chemical engineering processes. Efforts have been made throughout the book to provide guidance to adequate theory and practice. The book begins with a long chapter on equations of state, since it is intimately bound up with the development of thermodynamics. Following material on basic thermodynamics and nonidealities in terms of fugacities and activities, individual chapters are devoted to equilibria primarily between pairs of phases. A few topics that do not fit into these categories and for which the state of the art is not yet developed quantitatively have been relegated to a separate chapter. The chapter on chemical equilibria is pertinent since many processes involve simultaneous chemical and phase equilibria. Also included are chapters on the evaluation of enthalpy and entropy changes of nonideal substances and mixtures, and on experimental methods. This book is intended as a reference and self-study as well as a textbook either for full courses in phase equilibria or as a supplement to related courses in the chemical engineering curriculum. Practicing engineers concerned with separation technology and process design also may find the book useful.


Book Synopsis Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering by : Stanley M. Walas

Download or read book Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering written by Stanley M. Walas and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering is devoted to the thermodynamic basis and practical aspects of the calculation of equilibrium conditions of multiple phases that are pertinent to chemical engineering processes. Efforts have been made throughout the book to provide guidance to adequate theory and practice. The book begins with a long chapter on equations of state, since it is intimately bound up with the development of thermodynamics. Following material on basic thermodynamics and nonidealities in terms of fugacities and activities, individual chapters are devoted to equilibria primarily between pairs of phases. A few topics that do not fit into these categories and for which the state of the art is not yet developed quantitatively have been relegated to a separate chapter. The chapter on chemical equilibria is pertinent since many processes involve simultaneous chemical and phase equilibria. Also included are chapters on the evaluation of enthalpy and entropy changes of nonideal substances and mixtures, and on experimental methods. This book is intended as a reference and self-study as well as a textbook either for full courses in phase equilibria or as a supplement to related courses in the chemical engineering curriculum. Practicing engineers concerned with separation technology and process design also may find the book useful.


Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering

Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering

Author: Stanley M. Walas

Publisher:

Published: 1985-01-01

Total Pages: 671

ISBN-13: 9780750693134

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Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering covers the practical aspects and the thermodynamic basis of equilibria between gases, liquids, and solids. The importance of, and and interest in these topics over decades has resulted in the development of many different correlations and methods of comparable worth. The author draws upon his many years of experience in evaluating and comparing these alternatives. Professor Walas details the historical background, but focuses on current knowledge for the evaluation of equilibria between gaseous, liquid, and solid phases, and on the chemical engineering processes that involve such phenomena. Knowledge of the amounts and composition of phases that result when processes of transformation stabilize is essential for proper equipment design. To this end, emphasis is placed on finding the numerical results necessary for the design of equipment handling several phases, or the interpretation of such equipment's performance. Therefore, most important points are illustrated through solved numerical examples, as well as problems designed for solution by the reader. And, in addition to numerous computer programs written in BASIC, there are over 800 references to literature, which facilitate pursuit of any topic in further detail. Covers the practical aspects and thermodynamic equilibria between the phases. Compares the different correlations and methods in the field today. Contains numerous examples, illustrations, and references.


Book Synopsis Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering by : Stanley M. Walas

Download or read book Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering written by Stanley M. Walas and published by . This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering covers the practical aspects and the thermodynamic basis of equilibria between gases, liquids, and solids. The importance of, and and interest in these topics over decades has resulted in the development of many different correlations and methods of comparable worth. The author draws upon his many years of experience in evaluating and comparing these alternatives. Professor Walas details the historical background, but focuses on current knowledge for the evaluation of equilibria between gaseous, liquid, and solid phases, and on the chemical engineering processes that involve such phenomena. Knowledge of the amounts and composition of phases that result when processes of transformation stabilize is essential for proper equipment design. To this end, emphasis is placed on finding the numerical results necessary for the design of equipment handling several phases, or the interpretation of such equipment's performance. Therefore, most important points are illustrated through solved numerical examples, as well as problems designed for solution by the reader. And, in addition to numerous computer programs written in BASIC, there are over 800 references to literature, which facilitate pursuit of any topic in further detail. Covers the practical aspects and thermodynamic equilibria between the phases. Compares the different correlations and methods in the field today. Contains numerous examples, illustrations, and references.


Phase Equilibrium Engineering

Phase Equilibrium Engineering

Author: Esteban Alberto Brignole

Publisher: Newnes

Published: 2013-04-02

Total Pages: 347

ISBN-13: 044459471X

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Traditionally, the teaching of phase equilibria emphasizes the relationships between the thermodynamic variables of each phase in equilibrium rather than its engineering applications. This book changes the focus from the use of thermodynamics relationships to compute phase equilibria to the design and control of the phase conditions that a process needs. Phase Equilibrium Engineering presents a systematic study and application of phase equilibrium tools to the development of chemical processes. The thermodynamic modeling of mixtures for process development, synthesis, simulation, design and optimization is analyzed. The relation between the mixture molecular properties, the selection of the thermodynamic model and the process technology that could be applied are discussed. A classification of mixtures, separation process, thermodynamic models and technologies is presented to guide the engineer in the world of separation processes. The phase condition required for a given reacting system is studied at subcritical and supercritical conditions. The four cardinal points of phase equilibrium engineering are: the chemical plant or process, the laboratory, the modeling of phase equilibria and the simulator. The harmonization of all these components to obtain a better design or operation is the ultimate goal of phase equilibrium engineering. Methodologies are discussed using relevant industrial examples The molecular nature and composition of the process mixture is given a key role in process decisions Phase equilibrium diagrams are used as a drawing board for process implementation


Book Synopsis Phase Equilibrium Engineering by : Esteban Alberto Brignole

Download or read book Phase Equilibrium Engineering written by Esteban Alberto Brignole and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-04-02 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, the teaching of phase equilibria emphasizes the relationships between the thermodynamic variables of each phase in equilibrium rather than its engineering applications. This book changes the focus from the use of thermodynamics relationships to compute phase equilibria to the design and control of the phase conditions that a process needs. Phase Equilibrium Engineering presents a systematic study and application of phase equilibrium tools to the development of chemical processes. The thermodynamic modeling of mixtures for process development, synthesis, simulation, design and optimization is analyzed. The relation between the mixture molecular properties, the selection of the thermodynamic model and the process technology that could be applied are discussed. A classification of mixtures, separation process, thermodynamic models and technologies is presented to guide the engineer in the world of separation processes. The phase condition required for a given reacting system is studied at subcritical and supercritical conditions. The four cardinal points of phase equilibrium engineering are: the chemical plant or process, the laboratory, the modeling of phase equilibria and the simulator. The harmonization of all these components to obtain a better design or operation is the ultimate goal of phase equilibrium engineering. Methodologies are discussed using relevant industrial examples The molecular nature and composition of the process mixture is given a key role in process decisions Phase equilibrium diagrams are used as a drawing board for process implementation


Phase Equilibrium in Mixtures

Phase Equilibrium in Mixtures

Author: M. B. King

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 604

ISBN-13: 1483152413

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Phase Equilibrium in Mixtures deals with phase equilibrium and the methods of correlating, checking, and predicting phase data. Topics covered range from latent heat and vapor pressure to dilute solutions, ideal and near-ideal solutions, and consistency tests. Molecular considerations and their use for the prediction and correlation of data are also discussed. Comprised of nine chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the role of thermodynamics and the criteria for equilibrium between phases, along with fugacity and the thermodynamic functions of mixing. The discussion then turns to some of the phase phenomena which may be encountered in chemical engineering practice; methods of correlating and extending vapor pressure data and practical techniques for calculating latent heats from these data; the behavior of dilute solutions both at low and high pressures for reacting and non-reacting systems; and the behavior of ideal and near-ideal solutions. The remaining chapters explore non-ideal solutions at normal pressures; practical methods for testing the thermodynamic consistency of phase data; and the extent to which the broad aspects of phase behavior may be interpreted in the light of simple molecular considerations. This book is intended primarily for graduate chemical engineers but should also be of interest to those graduates in physics or chemistry who need to use phase equilibrium data.


Book Synopsis Phase Equilibrium in Mixtures by : M. B. King

Download or read book Phase Equilibrium in Mixtures written by M. B. King and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase Equilibrium in Mixtures deals with phase equilibrium and the methods of correlating, checking, and predicting phase data. Topics covered range from latent heat and vapor pressure to dilute solutions, ideal and near-ideal solutions, and consistency tests. Molecular considerations and their use for the prediction and correlation of data are also discussed. Comprised of nine chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the role of thermodynamics and the criteria for equilibrium between phases, along with fugacity and the thermodynamic functions of mixing. The discussion then turns to some of the phase phenomena which may be encountered in chemical engineering practice; methods of correlating and extending vapor pressure data and practical techniques for calculating latent heats from these data; the behavior of dilute solutions both at low and high pressures for reacting and non-reacting systems; and the behavior of ideal and near-ideal solutions. The remaining chapters explore non-ideal solutions at normal pressures; practical methods for testing the thermodynamic consistency of phase data; and the extent to which the broad aspects of phase behavior may be interpreted in the light of simple molecular considerations. This book is intended primarily for graduate chemical engineers but should also be of interest to those graduates in physics or chemistry who need to use phase equilibrium data.


Phase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations

Phase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations

Author: Mats Hillert

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2007-11-22

Total Pages: 525

ISBN-13: 1139465864

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Computational tools allow material scientists to model and analyze increasingly complicated systems to appreciate material behavior. Accurate use and interpretation however, requires a strong understanding of the thermodynamic principles that underpin phase equilibrium, transformation and state. This fully revised and updated edition covers the fundamentals of thermodynamics, with a view to modern computer applications. The theoretical basis of chemical equilibria and chemical changes is covered with an emphasis on the properties of phase diagrams. Starting with the basic principles, discussion moves to systems involving multiple phases. New chapters cover irreversible thermodynamics, extremum principles, and the thermodynamics of surfaces and interfaces. Theoretical descriptions of equilibrium conditions, the state of systems at equilibrium and the changes as equilibrium is reached, are all demonstrated graphically. With illustrative examples - many computer calculated - and worked examples, this textbook is an valuable resource for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in materials science and engineering.


Book Synopsis Phase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations by : Mats Hillert

Download or read book Phase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations written by Mats Hillert and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-11-22 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational tools allow material scientists to model and analyze increasingly complicated systems to appreciate material behavior. Accurate use and interpretation however, requires a strong understanding of the thermodynamic principles that underpin phase equilibrium, transformation and state. This fully revised and updated edition covers the fundamentals of thermodynamics, with a view to modern computer applications. The theoretical basis of chemical equilibria and chemical changes is covered with an emphasis on the properties of phase diagrams. Starting with the basic principles, discussion moves to systems involving multiple phases. New chapters cover irreversible thermodynamics, extremum principles, and the thermodynamics of surfaces and interfaces. Theoretical descriptions of equilibrium conditions, the state of systems at equilibrium and the changes as equilibrium is reached, are all demonstrated graphically. With illustrative examples - many computer calculated - and worked examples, this textbook is an valuable resource for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in materials science and engineering.


Phase Equilibrium Engineering

Phase Equilibrium Engineering

Author: Esteban Brignole

Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters

Published: 2013-04-02

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 0128082607

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In this chapter, the basic methodologies of phase equilibrium engineering are introduced through the systematic analysis of several case studies. Some of the thermodynamic tools that have been presented in the previous chapters are applied to illustrate how the phase and conceptual process design of complex engineering problems can be tackled from a phase equilibrium engineering approach. In all the case studies, the first step is to consider in great detail the properties of the process feed, the components, their physical properties, concentrations, and molecular interactions. This information is then used for the selection of thermodynamic models, a suitable technology, pressure, temperature, and compositional operating boundaries. It is shown how the mixture composition and the process goals and specifications determine the process scheme and the unit thermodynamic sensitivity. In addition, the importance of the mixture composition is highlighted in combination with the energy and material balance in the case study for the selection of the desirable natural gas cryogenic technologies. The use of a pressure versus temperature drawing board is used to plot the process trajectory and the mixture phase envelopes from the initial conditions to the key phase engineering design problem. Moreover, the phase design provides also a sound basis for the process initial specification and computer simulation. As another example of phase equilibrium engineering, the heat integration in a complex process is solved by the application of the Gibbs phase rule to the LLV equilibria of a ternary mixture.


Book Synopsis Phase Equilibrium Engineering by : Esteban Brignole

Download or read book Phase Equilibrium Engineering written by Esteban Brignole and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-02 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this chapter, the basic methodologies of phase equilibrium engineering are introduced through the systematic analysis of several case studies. Some of the thermodynamic tools that have been presented in the previous chapters are applied to illustrate how the phase and conceptual process design of complex engineering problems can be tackled from a phase equilibrium engineering approach. In all the case studies, the first step is to consider in great detail the properties of the process feed, the components, their physical properties, concentrations, and molecular interactions. This information is then used for the selection of thermodynamic models, a suitable technology, pressure, temperature, and compositional operating boundaries. It is shown how the mixture composition and the process goals and specifications determine the process scheme and the unit thermodynamic sensitivity. In addition, the importance of the mixture composition is highlighted in combination with the energy and material balance in the case study for the selection of the desirable natural gas cryogenic technologies. The use of a pressure versus temperature drawing board is used to plot the process trajectory and the mixture phase envelopes from the initial conditions to the key phase engineering design problem. Moreover, the phase design provides also a sound basis for the process initial specification and computer simulation. As another example of phase equilibrium engineering, the heat integration in a complex process is solved by the application of the Gibbs phase rule to the LLV equilibria of a ternary mixture.


Phase Equilibria

Phase Equilibria

Author: Andreas L. Muhlbauer

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-02-03

Total Pages: 486

ISBN-13: 1351425064

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This work provides coverage of experimental and theoretical procedures for vapour-liquid equilibria (VLE). A survey of the different models and approaches in recent literature enables the reader to choose the appropriate action.


Book Synopsis Phase Equilibria by : Andreas L. Muhlbauer

Download or read book Phase Equilibria written by Andreas L. Muhlbauer and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-02-03 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides coverage of experimental and theoretical procedures for vapour-liquid equilibria (VLE). A survey of the different models and approaches in recent literature enables the reader to choose the appropriate action.


Thermodynamics of Phase Equilibria in Food Engineering

Thermodynamics of Phase Equilibria in Food Engineering

Author: Camila G. Pereira

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2018-10-26

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780128115565

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Thermodynamics of Phase Equilibria in Food Engineering is the definitive book on thermodynamics of equilibrium applied to food engineering. Food is a complex matrix consisting of different groups of compounds divided into macronutrients (lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins), and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals). The quality characteristics of food products associated with the sensorial, physical and microbiological attributes are directly related to the thermodynamic properties of specific compounds and complexes that are formed during processing or by the action of diverse interventions, such as the environment, biochemical reactions, and others. In addition, in obtaining bioactive substances using separation processes, the knowledge of phase equilibria of food systems is essential to provide an efficient separation, with a low cost in the process and high selectivity in the recovery of the desired component. This book combines theory and application of phase equilibria data of systems containing food compounds to help food engineers and researchers to solve complex problems found in food processing. It provides support to researchers from academia and industry to better understand the behavior of food materials in the face of processing effects, and to develop ways to improve the quality of the food products.


Book Synopsis Thermodynamics of Phase Equilibria in Food Engineering by : Camila G. Pereira

Download or read book Thermodynamics of Phase Equilibria in Food Engineering written by Camila G. Pereira and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermodynamics of Phase Equilibria in Food Engineering is the definitive book on thermodynamics of equilibrium applied to food engineering. Food is a complex matrix consisting of different groups of compounds divided into macronutrients (lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins), and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals). The quality characteristics of food products associated with the sensorial, physical and microbiological attributes are directly related to the thermodynamic properties of specific compounds and complexes that are formed during processing or by the action of diverse interventions, such as the environment, biochemical reactions, and others. In addition, in obtaining bioactive substances using separation processes, the knowledge of phase equilibria of food systems is essential to provide an efficient separation, with a low cost in the process and high selectivity in the recovery of the desired component. This book combines theory and application of phase equilibria data of systems containing food compounds to help food engineers and researchers to solve complex problems found in food processing. It provides support to researchers from academia and industry to better understand the behavior of food materials in the face of processing effects, and to develop ways to improve the quality of the food products.


A TEXTBOOK OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

A TEXTBOOK OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

Author: K. V. NARAYANAN

Publisher: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.

Published: 2013-01-11

Total Pages: 528

ISBN-13: 8120347471

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Designed as an undergraduate-level textbook in Chemical Engineering, this student-friendly, thoroughly class-room tested book, now in its second edition, continues to provide an in-depth analysis of chemical engineering thermodynamics. The book has been so organized that it gives comprehensive coverage of basic concepts and applications of the laws of thermodynamics in the initial chapters, while the later chapters focus at length on important areas of study falling under the realm of chemical thermodynamics. The reader is thus introduced to a thorough analysis of the fundamental laws of thermodynamics as well as their applications to practical situations. This is followed by a detailed discussion on relationships among thermodynamic properties and an exhaustive treatment on the thermodynamic properties of solutions. The role of phase equilibrium thermodynamics in design, analysis, and operation of chemical separation methods is also deftly dealt with. Finally, the chemical reaction equilibria are skillfully explained. Besides numerous illustrations, the book contains over 200 worked examples, over 400 exercise problems (all with answers) and several objective-type questions, which enable students to gain an in-depth understanding of the concepts and theory discussed. The book will also be a useful text for students pursuing courses in chemical engineering-related branches such as polymer engineering, petroleum engineering, and safety and environmental engineering. New to This Edition • More Example Problems and Exercise Questions in each chapter • Updated section on Vapour–Liquid Equilibrium in Chapter 8 to highlight the significance of equations of state approach • GATE Questions up to 2012 with answers


Book Synopsis A TEXTBOOK OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS by : K. V. NARAYANAN

Download or read book A TEXTBOOK OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS written by K. V. NARAYANAN and published by PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed as an undergraduate-level textbook in Chemical Engineering, this student-friendly, thoroughly class-room tested book, now in its second edition, continues to provide an in-depth analysis of chemical engineering thermodynamics. The book has been so organized that it gives comprehensive coverage of basic concepts and applications of the laws of thermodynamics in the initial chapters, while the later chapters focus at length on important areas of study falling under the realm of chemical thermodynamics. The reader is thus introduced to a thorough analysis of the fundamental laws of thermodynamics as well as their applications to practical situations. This is followed by a detailed discussion on relationships among thermodynamic properties and an exhaustive treatment on the thermodynamic properties of solutions. The role of phase equilibrium thermodynamics in design, analysis, and operation of chemical separation methods is also deftly dealt with. Finally, the chemical reaction equilibria are skillfully explained. Besides numerous illustrations, the book contains over 200 worked examples, over 400 exercise problems (all with answers) and several objective-type questions, which enable students to gain an in-depth understanding of the concepts and theory discussed. The book will also be a useful text for students pursuing courses in chemical engineering-related branches such as polymer engineering, petroleum engineering, and safety and environmental engineering. New to This Edition • More Example Problems and Exercise Questions in each chapter • Updated section on Vapour–Liquid Equilibrium in Chapter 8 to highlight the significance of equations of state approach • GATE Questions up to 2012 with answers


Phase-equilibria, Pittsburgh and Houston

Phase-equilibria, Pittsburgh and Houston

Author: American Institute of Chemical Engineers

Publisher:

Published: 1952

Total Pages: 152

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Phase-equilibria, Pittsburgh and Houston by : American Institute of Chemical Engineers

Download or read book Phase-equilibria, Pittsburgh and Houston written by American Institute of Chemical Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: