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Predicting Hate Crime Reporting to Police

Author: Heather Zaykowski

Publisher: ProQuest

Published: 2008

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9780549753599

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Significant variation among the legal and scholarly definitions of hate crimes impact how these crimes are measured. Although scholars tend to use the Uniform Crime Reports to understand the scope of hate crime in the United States, these data suffer from limitations due to this lack of conformity as well as the future of local agencies to submit hate crime statistics. Furthermore, a crime has to be reported to police to be counted in the UCR data. Using the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) 1992-2005, this paper examines the factors related to police reporting behavior by violent hate crime through analyzing the demographic (gender, race, education, age, urban location) and the contextual characteristics of the incident (victim-offender relationship, severity: injury to victim, weapon used, multiple offenders). Particular attention was given to racial hate crimes to investigate differences within hate crime victimization categories. Understanding the mechanisms of police reporting behavior is important because the failure of victims to contact authorities undermines the ability of the criminal justice system to appropriately punish hate crime offenders and effectively deter future incidents. Supporting previous studies on victimization reporting, severity of the incident, gender and offenders unknown to the victim significantly and substantially increased reporting likelihood. Most interestingly, race did not dramatically impact reporting behavior for total hate crime, but had a significant and substantial effect on racial hate crime. Victimizations of Whites were more than 50 percent more likely to be reported than Non-White victimizations for racial hate crime.

Book Synopsis Predicting Hate Crime Reporting to Police by : Heather Zaykowski

Download or read book Predicting Hate Crime Reporting to Police written by Heather Zaykowski and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant variation among the legal and scholarly definitions of hate crimes impact how these crimes are measured. Although scholars tend to use the Uniform Crime Reports to understand the scope of hate crime in the United States, these data suffer from limitations due to this lack of conformity as well as the future of local agencies to submit hate crime statistics. Furthermore, a crime has to be reported to police to be counted in the UCR data. Using the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) 1992-2005, this paper examines the factors related to police reporting behavior by violent hate crime through analyzing the demographic (gender, race, education, age, urban location) and the contextual characteristics of the incident (victim-offender relationship, severity: injury to victim, weapon used, multiple offenders). Particular attention was given to racial hate crimes to investigate differences within hate crime victimization categories. Understanding the mechanisms of police reporting behavior is important because the failure of victims to contact authorities undermines the ability of the criminal justice system to appropriately punish hate crime offenders and effectively deter future incidents. Supporting previous studies on victimization reporting, severity of the incident, gender and offenders unknown to the victim significantly and substantially increased reporting likelihood. Most interestingly, race did not dramatically impact reporting behavior for total hate crime, but had a significant and substantial effect on racial hate crime. Victimizations of Whites were more than 50 percent more likely to be reported than Non-White victimizations for racial hate crime.

Hate Crime Statistics

Author:

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 1994-03

Total Pages: 119

ISBN-13: 0788105361

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Charts, tables and graphs.

Book Synopsis Hate Crime Statistics by :

Download or read book Hate Crime Statistics written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-03 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charts, tables and graphs.

The Measurement of Hate Crimes in America

Author: Frank S. Pezzella

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-10-23

Total Pages: 133

ISBN-13: 303051577X

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Using data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Hate Crime Statistics Program and the National Crime Victimization Survey, this brief highlights the uniqueness of hate or bias crime victimization. It compares these to non-bias crimes and delineates the situational circumstances that distinguish bias from non-bias offending. The nuances of under-reporting shed light on bias-group and victim reasons for not reporting. By examining measurement issues associated with data collection systems, this brief helps explain why eighty-nine percent of participating law enforcement agencies report zero hate crimes each year. It describes patterns and trends in reporting the volume of general bias motivations and specific bias types, as the most prevalent hate crime offense types and most likely victims and offenders. With recommendations to address issues in measurement and under-reporting, including an action plan by the Enhance the Response to Hate Crimes Advisory Committee and the International Association of Chiefs of Police, a best practice model by the Oak Creek Police Department, and other promising law enforcement reporting models, this brief provides an increasingly critical resource for law enforcement practitioners and researchers dealing with hate crimes.

Book Synopsis The Measurement of Hate Crimes in America by : Frank S. Pezzella

Download or read book The Measurement of Hate Crimes in America written by Frank S. Pezzella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-23 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Hate Crime Statistics Program and the National Crime Victimization Survey, this brief highlights the uniqueness of hate or bias crime victimization. It compares these to non-bias crimes and delineates the situational circumstances that distinguish bias from non-bias offending. The nuances of under-reporting shed light on bias-group and victim reasons for not reporting. By examining measurement issues associated with data collection systems, this brief helps explain why eighty-nine percent of participating law enforcement agencies report zero hate crimes each year. It describes patterns and trends in reporting the volume of general bias motivations and specific bias types, as the most prevalent hate crime offense types and most likely victims and offenders. With recommendations to address issues in measurement and under-reporting, including an action plan by the Enhance the Response to Hate Crimes Advisory Committee and the International Association of Chiefs of Police, a best practice model by the Oak Creek Police Department, and other promising law enforcement reporting models, this brief provides an increasingly critical resource for law enforcement practitioners and researchers dealing with hate crimes.

Predictive Crime Analysis using R

Author: Jeffrey Strickland

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2019-02-14

Total Pages: 345

ISBN-13: 0359431593

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Predictive Crime Analysis using R is Dr. Strickland's second crime analysis book. In this volume, rather than using data to describe crime history, he uses it to predict crime using pattern created with advanced clustering methods, crime series linkage, and text analysis. Coverage includes prediction of conventional crime and terrorist attacks. The open-source software R is introduced and used in developing crime data, including Geo-spatial data, and constructing predictive models and performing post analysis. Using actual crime data from cities like Atlanta, Dr. Strickland also shows how to simulate additional data from actual data. Simulated data can then be used in cities with insufficient actual data, but with similar demographics and human behavior.

Book Synopsis Predictive Crime Analysis using R by : Jeffrey Strickland

Download or read book Predictive Crime Analysis using R written by Jeffrey Strickland and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predictive Crime Analysis using R is Dr. Strickland's second crime analysis book. In this volume, rather than using data to describe crime history, he uses it to predict crime using pattern created with advanced clustering methods, crime series linkage, and text analysis. Coverage includes prediction of conventional crime and terrorist attacks. The open-source software R is introduced and used in developing crime data, including Geo-spatial data, and constructing predictive models and performing post analysis. Using actual crime data from cities like Atlanta, Dr. Strickland also shows how to simulate additional data from actual data. Simulated data can then be used in cities with insufficient actual data, but with similar demographics and human behavior.

Hate Crime Reporting, Obstacles, Facilitators, and Strategies

Author: William M. Holmes

Publisher:

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 166

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Hate Crime Reporting, Obstacles, Facilitators, and Strategies by : William M. Holmes

Download or read book Hate Crime Reporting, Obstacles, Facilitators, and Strategies written by William M. Holmes and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

When Law and Society Disagree

Author: Ryan David King

Publisher:

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 556

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis When Law and Society Disagree by : Ryan David King

Download or read book When Law and Society Disagree written by Ryan David King and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hate Crime Data Collection Guidelines and Training Manual

Author: Law Enforcement Law Enforcement Support Section

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2016-08-18

Total Pages: 78

ISBN-13: 9781537142739

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This manual is intended to assist law enforcement agencies in reporting incidents of hate crime to the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. It addresses policy, the types of bias crime to be reported, how to identify a hate crime and guidelines for reporting hate crime. Since 1991, thousands of city, college and university, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement agencies have voluntarily participated in the hate crime data collection. It is the law enforcement officers within these agencies who investigate offenses, determine those motivated by bias, and report them as known hate crimes that have made crucial contributions to the success of the hate crime data collection. Without their continued support and participation in identifying bias-motivated crimes, the FBI would be unable to annually publish Hate Crime Statistics. This partnership and, ultimately, this publication serve as the cornerstone in raising the nation's awareness about the occurrence of bias-motivated offenses.

Book Synopsis Hate Crime Data Collection Guidelines and Training Manual by : Law Enforcement Law Enforcement Support Section

Download or read book Hate Crime Data Collection Guidelines and Training Manual written by Law Enforcement Law Enforcement Support Section and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual is intended to assist law enforcement agencies in reporting incidents of hate crime to the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. It addresses policy, the types of bias crime to be reported, how to identify a hate crime and guidelines for reporting hate crime. Since 1991, thousands of city, college and university, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement agencies have voluntarily participated in the hate crime data collection. It is the law enforcement officers within these agencies who investigate offenses, determine those motivated by bias, and report them as known hate crimes that have made crucial contributions to the success of the hate crime data collection. Without their continued support and participation in identifying bias-motivated crimes, the FBI would be unable to annually publish Hate Crime Statistics. This partnership and, ultimately, this publication serve as the cornerstone in raising the nation's awareness about the occurrence of bias-motivated offenses.

Hate Crimes in California

Author: California. State Auditor (2013- )

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Hate Crimes in California by : California. State Auditor (2013- )

Download or read book Hate Crimes in California written by California. State Auditor (2013- ) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Psychology of Hate Crimes as Domestic Terrorism

Author: Edward W. Dunbar

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2016-11-21

Total Pages: 1121

ISBN-13: 1440839077

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In this three-volume set, an international team of experts involved in the research, management, and mitigation of hate-motivated violence examines and explains hate crimes in the United States and around the globe, drawing comparisons between countries as well as between hate crimes overall and domestic terrorism. The Psychology of Hate Crimes as Domestic Terrorism: U.S. and Global Issues takes a hard look at hate crimes both domestically and internationally, enabling readers to see similarities and disparities as well as to make the connections between hate crimes and domestic terrorism. The entries in this three-volume set discuss subjects such as the psychology and motivation in hate crimes, the cultural norms that shape tolerance of outgroups or tolerance of hate, and the fact that hate crimes are a pervasive form of domestic terrorism, as well as myriad issues of proliferation, public policy, policing, law and punishment, and prevention. The set opens with an introduction that discusses hate crime research and examines issues of identification of the bias element of hate crimes via empirical and case vignettes. The subsequent chapters discuss subjects such as the socio-demographic profiles of hate crime offenders; hate crime legislation and policy in the United States; the effects of hate crime on their victims as well as society; the incidence of hate crime in specific regions, such as Europe, the Middle East, and South America; and programs and therapeutic interventions to heal victims. Readers will also learn how specific educational approaches in communities, schools, and universities can be implemented to help prevent future escalation of hate-motivated violence.

Book Synopsis The Psychology of Hate Crimes as Domestic Terrorism by : Edward W. Dunbar

Download or read book The Psychology of Hate Crimes as Domestic Terrorism written by Edward W. Dunbar and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 1121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this three-volume set, an international team of experts involved in the research, management, and mitigation of hate-motivated violence examines and explains hate crimes in the United States and around the globe, drawing comparisons between countries as well as between hate crimes overall and domestic terrorism. The Psychology of Hate Crimes as Domestic Terrorism: U.S. and Global Issues takes a hard look at hate crimes both domestically and internationally, enabling readers to see similarities and disparities as well as to make the connections between hate crimes and domestic terrorism. The entries in this three-volume set discuss subjects such as the psychology and motivation in hate crimes, the cultural norms that shape tolerance of outgroups or tolerance of hate, and the fact that hate crimes are a pervasive form of domestic terrorism, as well as myriad issues of proliferation, public policy, policing, law and punishment, and prevention. The set opens with an introduction that discusses hate crime research and examines issues of identification of the bias element of hate crimes via empirical and case vignettes. The subsequent chapters discuss subjects such as the socio-demographic profiles of hate crime offenders; hate crime legislation and policy in the United States; the effects of hate crime on their victims as well as society; the incidence of hate crime in specific regions, such as Europe, the Middle East, and South America; and programs and therapeutic interventions to heal victims. Readers will also learn how specific educational approaches in communities, schools, and universities can be implemented to help prevent future escalation of hate-motivated violence.