Projectile Technology

Projectile Technology

Author: Heidi Knecht

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 438

ISBN-13: 1489918515

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Artifacts linked to projectile technologies traditionally have provided the foundations for time-space systematics and cultural-historic frameworks in archaeological research having to do with foragers. With the shift in archae ological research objectives to processual interpretations, projectile technolo gies continue to receive marked attention, but with an emphasis on the implications of variability in such areas as design, function, and material as they relate to the broader questions of human adaptation. The reason that this particular domain of foraging technology persists as an important focus of research, I think, comes in three parts. A projectile technology was a crucial part of most foragers' strategies for survival, it was functionally spe cific, and it generally was fabricated from durable materials likely to be detected archaeologically. Being fundamental to meat acquisition and the principal source of calo ries, projectile technologies were typically afforded greater time-investment, formal modification, and elaboration of attributes than others. Moreover, such technologies tend to display greater standardization because of con straints on size, morphology, and weight that are inherent to the delivery system. The elaboration of attributes and standardization of form gives pro jectile technologies time-and space-sensitivity that is greater than most other foraging technologies. And such sensitivity is immensely valuable in archae ological research.


Book Synopsis Projectile Technology by : Heidi Knecht

Download or read book Projectile Technology written by Heidi Knecht and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artifacts linked to projectile technologies traditionally have provided the foundations for time-space systematics and cultural-historic frameworks in archaeological research having to do with foragers. With the shift in archae ological research objectives to processual interpretations, projectile technolo gies continue to receive marked attention, but with an emphasis on the implications of variability in such areas as design, function, and material as they relate to the broader questions of human adaptation. The reason that this particular domain of foraging technology persists as an important focus of research, I think, comes in three parts. A projectile technology was a crucial part of most foragers' strategies for survival, it was functionally spe cific, and it generally was fabricated from durable materials likely to be detected archaeologically. Being fundamental to meat acquisition and the principal source of calo ries, projectile technologies were typically afforded greater time-investment, formal modification, and elaboration of attributes than others. Moreover, such technologies tend to display greater standardization because of con straints on size, morphology, and weight that are inherent to the delivery system. The elaboration of attributes and standardization of form gives pro jectile technologies time-and space-sensitivity that is greater than most other foraging technologies. And such sensitivity is immensely valuable in archae ological research.

Throwing Fire

Throwing Fire

Author: Alfred W. Crosby

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2002-04-08

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 9780521791588

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Historian Alfred W. Crosby looks at hard, accurate throwing and the manipulation of fire as unique human capabilities. Humans began throwing rocks in prehistory and then progressed to javelins, atlatls, bows and arrows. We learned to make fire by friction and used it to cook, drive game, burn out rivals, and alter landscapes. In historic times we invented catapults, trebuchets, and such flammable liquids as Greek Fire. About 1,000 years ago we invented gunpowder, which accelerated the rise of empires and the advance of European imperialism. In the 20th century, gunpowder weaponry enabled us to wage the most destructive wars of all time, peaking at the end of World War II with the V-2 and atomic bomb. Today, we have turned our projectile talents to space travel which may make it possible for our species to migrate to other bodies of our solar system and even other star systems.


Book Synopsis Throwing Fire by : Alfred W. Crosby

Download or read book Throwing Fire written by Alfred W. Crosby and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-04-08 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historian Alfred W. Crosby looks at hard, accurate throwing and the manipulation of fire as unique human capabilities. Humans began throwing rocks in prehistory and then progressed to javelins, atlatls, bows and arrows. We learned to make fire by friction and used it to cook, drive game, burn out rivals, and alter landscapes. In historic times we invented catapults, trebuchets, and such flammable liquids as Greek Fire. About 1,000 years ago we invented gunpowder, which accelerated the rise of empires and the advance of European imperialism. In the 20th century, gunpowder weaponry enabled us to wage the most destructive wars of all time, peaking at the end of World War II with the V-2 and atomic bomb. Today, we have turned our projectile talents to space travel which may make it possible for our species to migrate to other bodies of our solar system and even other star systems.

Transitions Before the Transition

Transitions Before the Transition

Author: Erella Hovers

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-01-06

Total Pages: 344

ISBN-13: 0387246614

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Modern human origins and the fate of the Neanderthals are arguably the most compelling and contentious arenas in paleoanthropology. The much-discussed split between advocates of a single, early emergence of anatomically modern humans in sub-Saharan Africa and supporters of various regional continuity positions is only part of the picture. Equally if not more important are questions surrounding the origins of modern behavior, and the relationships between anatomical and behavioral changes that occurred during the past 200,000 years. Although modern humans as a species may be defined in terms of their skeletal anatomy, it is their behavior, and the social and cognitive structures that support that behavior, which most clearly distinguish Homo sapiens from earlier forms of humans. This book assembles researchers working in Eurasia and Africa to discuss the archaeological record of the Middle Paleolithic and the Middle Stone Age. This is a time period when Homo sapiens last shared the world with other species, and during which patterns of behavior characteristic of modern humans developed and coalesced. Contributions to this volume query and challenge some current notions about the tempo and mode of cultural evolution, and about the processes that underlie the emergence of modern behavior. The papers focus on several fundamental questions. Do typical elements of "modern human behavior" appear suddenly, or are there earlier archaeological precursors of them? Are the archaeological records of the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age unchanging and monotonous, or are there detectable evolutionary trends within these periods? Coming to diverse conclusions, the papers in this volume open up new avenues to thinking about this crucial interval in human evolutionary history.


Book Synopsis Transitions Before the Transition by : Erella Hovers

Download or read book Transitions Before the Transition written by Erella Hovers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-06 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern human origins and the fate of the Neanderthals are arguably the most compelling and contentious arenas in paleoanthropology. The much-discussed split between advocates of a single, early emergence of anatomically modern humans in sub-Saharan Africa and supporters of various regional continuity positions is only part of the picture. Equally if not more important are questions surrounding the origins of modern behavior, and the relationships between anatomical and behavioral changes that occurred during the past 200,000 years. Although modern humans as a species may be defined in terms of their skeletal anatomy, it is their behavior, and the social and cognitive structures that support that behavior, which most clearly distinguish Homo sapiens from earlier forms of humans. This book assembles researchers working in Eurasia and Africa to discuss the archaeological record of the Middle Paleolithic and the Middle Stone Age. This is a time period when Homo sapiens last shared the world with other species, and during which patterns of behavior characteristic of modern humans developed and coalesced. Contributions to this volume query and challenge some current notions about the tempo and mode of cultural evolution, and about the processes that underlie the emergence of modern behavior. The papers focus on several fundamental questions. Do typical elements of "modern human behavior" appear suddenly, or are there earlier archaeological precursors of them? Are the archaeological records of the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age unchanging and monotonous, or are there detectable evolutionary trends within these periods? Coming to diverse conclusions, the papers in this volume open up new avenues to thinking about this crucial interval in human evolutionary history.

Projectile Technology

Projectile Technology

Author: Heidi Knecht

Publisher:

Published: 2014-01-15

Total Pages: 432

ISBN-13: 9781489918529

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Book Synopsis Projectile Technology by : Heidi Knecht

Download or read book Projectile Technology written by Heidi Knecht and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Projectile Dynamics in Sport

Projectile Dynamics in Sport

Author: Colin White

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2010-09-13

Total Pages: 352

ISBN-13: 1134027621

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How can we predict the trajectory of a baseball from bat to outfield? How do the dimples in a golf ball influence its flight from tee to pin? What forces determine the path of a soccer ball steered over a defensive wall by an elite player? An understanding of the physical processes involved in throwing, hitting, firing and releasing sporting projectiles is essential for a full understanding of the science that underpins sport. This is the first book to comprehensively examine those processes and to explain the factors governing the trajectories of sporting projectiles once they are set in motion. From a serve in tennis to the flight of a ’human projectile’ over a high jump bar, this book explains the universal physical and mathematical principles governing movement in sport, and then shows how those principles are applied in specific sporting contexts. Divided into two sections, addressing theory and application respectively, the book explores key concepts such as: friction, spin, drag, impact and bounce computer and mathematical modelling variable sensitivity the design of sports equipment materials science. Richly illustrated throughout, and containing a wealth of research data as well as worked equations and examples, this book is essential reading for all serious students of sports biomechanics, sports engineering, sports technology, sports equipment design and sports performance analysis.


Book Synopsis Projectile Dynamics in Sport by : Colin White

Download or read book Projectile Dynamics in Sport written by Colin White and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-13 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we predict the trajectory of a baseball from bat to outfield? How do the dimples in a golf ball influence its flight from tee to pin? What forces determine the path of a soccer ball steered over a defensive wall by an elite player? An understanding of the physical processes involved in throwing, hitting, firing and releasing sporting projectiles is essential for a full understanding of the science that underpins sport. This is the first book to comprehensively examine those processes and to explain the factors governing the trajectories of sporting projectiles once they are set in motion. From a serve in tennis to the flight of a ’human projectile’ over a high jump bar, this book explains the universal physical and mathematical principles governing movement in sport, and then shows how those principles are applied in specific sporting contexts. Divided into two sections, addressing theory and application respectively, the book explores key concepts such as: friction, spin, drag, impact and bounce computer and mathematical modelling variable sensitivity the design of sports equipment materials science. Richly illustrated throughout, and containing a wealth of research data as well as worked equations and examples, this book is essential reading for all serious students of sports biomechanics, sports engineering, sports technology, sports equipment design and sports performance analysis.

Throwing Fire

Throwing Fire

Author: Alfred W. Crosby

Publisher:

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Throwing Fire by : Alfred W. Crosby

Download or read book Throwing Fire written by Alfred W. Crosby and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Critical Technologies Plan

Critical Technologies Plan

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1989

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Critical Technologies Plan by :

Download or read book Critical Technologies Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Projectile Impact

Projectile Impact

Author: S. Syngellakis

Publisher: WIT Press

Published: 2014-03-04

Total Pages: 245

ISBN-13: 184564879X

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High energy impact phenomena have been investigated by engineers of various backgrounds and disciplines. Structures often need to be designed against impact or potential attack and on the other hand the removal of decommissioned structures may be achieved by shaped charge impact, alternatively known as explosive cutting. The topic of ballistic impact is wide-ranging and encompasses various levels of kinetic energy input as well as a multitude of projectile-target materials and geometries. It has thus become the object of many experimental and analytical investigations resulting in numerous sparsely-spread articles in periodicals and conference proceedings as well as monographs narrowly focusing on specific types and ranges of impact scenarios. This volume describes a broad spectrum of analytical and experimental work in this area, thus providing considerable insight into the complexity and diversity of impact phenomena. By addressing a significant number of important issues it combines, rather uniquely, subject breadth and density with in-depth study of impact events of great engineering interest.


Book Synopsis Projectile Impact by : S. Syngellakis

Download or read book Projectile Impact written by S. Syngellakis and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2014-03-04 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High energy impact phenomena have been investigated by engineers of various backgrounds and disciplines. Structures often need to be designed against impact or potential attack and on the other hand the removal of decommissioned structures may be achieved by shaped charge impact, alternatively known as explosive cutting. The topic of ballistic impact is wide-ranging and encompasses various levels of kinetic energy input as well as a multitude of projectile-target materials and geometries. It has thus become the object of many experimental and analytical investigations resulting in numerous sparsely-spread articles in periodicals and conference proceedings as well as monographs narrowly focusing on specific types and ranges of impact scenarios. This volume describes a broad spectrum of analytical and experimental work in this area, thus providing considerable insight into the complexity and diversity of impact phenomena. By addressing a significant number of important issues it combines, rather uniquely, subject breadth and density with in-depth study of impact events of great engineering interest.

Osseous Projectile Weaponry

Osseous Projectile Weaponry

Author: Michelle C. Langley

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-01-27

Total Pages: 259

ISBN-13: 9402408991

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This volume presents the current state of knowledge on the osseous projectile weaponry that was produced by Pleistocene cultures across the globe. Through cross-cultural and temporal comparison of manufacturing methods, design, use methods, and associated technology, chapters in this volume identify and discuss differences and similarities between these Pleistocene cultures. The central research questions addressed in this volume include: (a) how did osseous weaponry technology develop and change through time and can these changes be tied to environmental and/or social influences?; (b) how did different Pleistocene cultures design and adapt their osseous weaponry technology to their environment as well as changes in that environment?; and (c) can we identify cultural interaction between neighboring groups through the analysis of osseous weapons technology — and if so — can we use these items to track the movement of peoples and/or ideas across the landscape? Through addressing these three central research questions, this volume creates an integrated understanding of osseous technology during a vital period in Modern Human cultural development which will be useful for students and advanced researchers alike.


Book Synopsis Osseous Projectile Weaponry by : Michelle C. Langley

Download or read book Osseous Projectile Weaponry written by Michelle C. Langley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the current state of knowledge on the osseous projectile weaponry that was produced by Pleistocene cultures across the globe. Through cross-cultural and temporal comparison of manufacturing methods, design, use methods, and associated technology, chapters in this volume identify and discuss differences and similarities between these Pleistocene cultures. The central research questions addressed in this volume include: (a) how did osseous weaponry technology develop and change through time and can these changes be tied to environmental and/or social influences?; (b) how did different Pleistocene cultures design and adapt their osseous weaponry technology to their environment as well as changes in that environment?; and (c) can we identify cultural interaction between neighboring groups through the analysis of osseous weapons technology — and if so — can we use these items to track the movement of peoples and/or ideas across the landscape? Through addressing these three central research questions, this volume creates an integrated understanding of osseous technology during a vital period in Modern Human cultural development which will be useful for students and advanced researchers alike.

Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Stone Age Weaponry

Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Stone Age Weaponry

Author: Radu Iovita

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-05-28

Total Pages: 306

ISBN-13: 9401776024

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The objective of this volume is to showcase the contemporary state of research on recognizing and evaluating the performance of stone age weapons from a variety of viewpoints, including investigating their cognitive and evolutionary significance. New archaeological finds and experimental studies have helped to bring this subject back to the forefront of human origins research. In the last few years, investigations have expanded beyond examining the tools themselves to include studies of damage caused by projectile weapons on animal and hominin bones and skeletal asymmetries in ancient hominin populations. Only recently has there been a growing interest in controlled and replicative experiments. Through this book readers will be updated in the state of knowledge through a multidisciplinary scientific reconstruction of prehistoric weapon use and its implications. Contributions from expert authors are organized into three themed parts: recognizing weapon use (experimental and archaeological studies of impact traces), performance of weapon systems (factors influencing penetration depth etc.), and behavioral and evolutionary ramifications (cognitive and ecological effects of using different weapons).


Book Synopsis Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Stone Age Weaponry by : Radu Iovita

Download or read book Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Stone Age Weaponry written by Radu Iovita and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-28 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this volume is to showcase the contemporary state of research on recognizing and evaluating the performance of stone age weapons from a variety of viewpoints, including investigating their cognitive and evolutionary significance. New archaeological finds and experimental studies have helped to bring this subject back to the forefront of human origins research. In the last few years, investigations have expanded beyond examining the tools themselves to include studies of damage caused by projectile weapons on animal and hominin bones and skeletal asymmetries in ancient hominin populations. Only recently has there been a growing interest in controlled and replicative experiments. Through this book readers will be updated in the state of knowledge through a multidisciplinary scientific reconstruction of prehistoric weapon use and its implications. Contributions from expert authors are organized into three themed parts: recognizing weapon use (experimental and archaeological studies of impact traces), performance of weapon systems (factors influencing penetration depth etc.), and behavioral and evolutionary ramifications (cognitive and ecological effects of using different weapons).