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Quantum Decision Theory and Complexity Modelling in Economics and Public Policy

Author: Anirban Chakraborti

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-10-23

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13: 303138833X

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This book is an outcome of the interdisciplinary conference held at OP Jindal Global University (Quantum Decision-making and Complexity modeling, and their possible applications in social sciences- economics, finance and public policy). The volume builds upon the emerging fields of Econophysics, Complexity theory and Quantum like modelling in cognition and social sciences, and their plausible applications in economics and public policy. There can be deep linkages between the micro, meso and macro scales at which these paradigms operate. In this data-driven age, greater amounts of information, along with the facility to harvest, sort and process said information, have permitted an expansion of the capability to study a society’s various factors to a degree of detail and inclusiveness that has never before been available to researchers. As a result, an increasing number of throughlines is being discovered, revealing heretofore unknown connections between various disciplines and enhancing the study of such societal tropes as finance, language, shared behavior, and many others. As the reader will see, with clearer understanding of the interconnectedness of society’s assorted parts comes a clearer understanding of the society as a whole. We have received critical thoughts from noted experts in social and natural sciences to explore possible interconnections. The editors of this book earnestly hope that the critical reviews presented in this volume will stimulate further scholarly interest, but also interest among policy practitioners for the purpose of exploring possibilities for creating a new paradigm for comprehending pressing issues of deep uncertainty and emergence in social dynamics.

Book Synopsis Quantum Decision Theory and Complexity Modelling in Economics and Public Policy by : Anirban Chakraborti

Download or read book Quantum Decision Theory and Complexity Modelling in Economics and Public Policy written by Anirban Chakraborti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-23 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an outcome of the interdisciplinary conference held at OP Jindal Global University (Quantum Decision-making and Complexity modeling, and their possible applications in social sciences- economics, finance and public policy). The volume builds upon the emerging fields of Econophysics, Complexity theory and Quantum like modelling in cognition and social sciences, and their plausible applications in economics and public policy. There can be deep linkages between the micro, meso and macro scales at which these paradigms operate. In this data-driven age, greater amounts of information, along with the facility to harvest, sort and process said information, have permitted an expansion of the capability to study a society’s various factors to a degree of detail and inclusiveness that has never before been available to researchers. As a result, an increasing number of throughlines is being discovered, revealing heretofore unknown connections between various disciplines and enhancing the study of such societal tropes as finance, language, shared behavior, and many others. As the reader will see, with clearer understanding of the interconnectedness of society’s assorted parts comes a clearer understanding of the society as a whole. We have received critical thoughts from noted experts in social and natural sciences to explore possible interconnections. The editors of this book earnestly hope that the critical reviews presented in this volume will stimulate further scholarly interest, but also interest among policy practitioners for the purpose of exploring possibilities for creating a new paradigm for comprehending pressing issues of deep uncertainty and emergence in social dynamics.

Complexity, Institutions and Public Policy

Author: Graham Room

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 393

ISBN-13: 0857932640

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I think this is a very important book. Very few people in the social sciences write books on this topic and really do justice to complexity theory. Professor Room gives a very detailed, accurate and accessible review of complexity theory as it applies to social policy. His link with institutional theory is very appropriate and his discussion on the need for regulation (a link with complexity theory that many people would never reach) is really important and well grounded. It would be of interest to academics who really want to understand the implications of complexity theory for policy making in complex and fast-changing situations and to those undertaking advanced courses in politics, economics and sociology. - Jean Boulton, University of Cranfield, UK Graham Room argues that conventional approaches to the conceptualisation and measurement of social and economic change are unsatisfactory. As a result, researchers are ill-equipped to offer policy advice. This book offers a new analytical approach, combining complexity science and institutionalism. It also provides tools for policy makers in turbulent times. Part 1 is concerned with the conceptualisation of socio-economic change. It integrates complexity science and institutionalism into a coherent ontology of social and policy dynamics. Part 2 is concerned with models and measurement. It combines some of the principal approaches developed in complexity analysis with models and methods drawn from mainstream social and political science. Part 3 offers empirical applications to public policy: the dynamics of social exclusion; the social dimension of knowledge economies; the current financial and economic crisis. These are supplemented by a toolkit for the practice of agile policy making.

Book Synopsis Complexity, Institutions and Public Policy by : Graham Room

Download or read book Complexity, Institutions and Public Policy written by Graham Room and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I think this is a very important book. Very few people in the social sciences write books on this topic and really do justice to complexity theory. Professor Room gives a very detailed, accurate and accessible review of complexity theory as it applies to social policy. His link with institutional theory is very appropriate and his discussion on the need for regulation (a link with complexity theory that many people would never reach) is really important and well grounded. It would be of interest to academics who really want to understand the implications of complexity theory for policy making in complex and fast-changing situations and to those undertaking advanced courses in politics, economics and sociology. - Jean Boulton, University of Cranfield, UK Graham Room argues that conventional approaches to the conceptualisation and measurement of social and economic change are unsatisfactory. As a result, researchers are ill-equipped to offer policy advice. This book offers a new analytical approach, combining complexity science and institutionalism. It also provides tools for policy makers in turbulent times. Part 1 is concerned with the conceptualisation of socio-economic change. It integrates complexity science and institutionalism into a coherent ontology of social and policy dynamics. Part 2 is concerned with models and measurement. It combines some of the principal approaches developed in complexity analysis with models and methods drawn from mainstream social and political science. Part 3 offers empirical applications to public policy: the dynamics of social exclusion; the social dimension of knowledge economies; the current financial and economic crisis. These are supplemented by a toolkit for the practice of agile policy making.

Quantum International Relations

Author: James Der Derian

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2022-05-03

Total Pages: 417

ISBN-13: 0197568203

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The contributors to this volume are motivated by a common apprehension and a common hope. The apprehension was first voiced by Einstein, who lamented the inability of humanity, at the individual and social level, to keep up with the increased speed of technological change brought about by the quantum revolution. As quantum science and technology fast forward into the 21st century, the social sciences remain stuck in classical, 19th century ways of thinking. Can such a mechanistic model of the mind and society possibly help us manage the fully realized technological potential of the quantum? That's where the hope appears: that perhaps quantum is not just a physical science, but a human science too. In Quantum International Relations, James Der Derian and Alexander Wendt gather rising scholars and leading experts to make the case for quantum approaches to world politics. As a fundamental theory of reality and enabler of new technologies, quantum now touches everything, with the potential to revolutionize how we conduct diplomacy, wage war, and make wealth. Contributors present the core principles of quantum mechanics--entanglement, uncertainty, superposition, and the wave function--as significant catalysts and superior heuristics for an accelerating quantum future. Facing a reality which no longer corresponds to an outdated Newtonian worldview of states as billiard balls, individuals as rational actors or power as objective interest, Der Derian and Wendt issue an urgent call for a new human science of quantum International Relations. At the centenary of the first quantum thought experiment in the 1920s, this book offers a diversity of explorations, speculations and approaches for understanding geopolitics in the 21st century.

Book Synopsis Quantum International Relations by : James Der Derian

Download or read book Quantum International Relations written by James Der Derian and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-03 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to this volume are motivated by a common apprehension and a common hope. The apprehension was first voiced by Einstein, who lamented the inability of humanity, at the individual and social level, to keep up with the increased speed of technological change brought about by the quantum revolution. As quantum science and technology fast forward into the 21st century, the social sciences remain stuck in classical, 19th century ways of thinking. Can such a mechanistic model of the mind and society possibly help us manage the fully realized technological potential of the quantum? That's where the hope appears: that perhaps quantum is not just a physical science, but a human science too. In Quantum International Relations, James Der Derian and Alexander Wendt gather rising scholars and leading experts to make the case for quantum approaches to world politics. As a fundamental theory of reality and enabler of new technologies, quantum now touches everything, with the potential to revolutionize how we conduct diplomacy, wage war, and make wealth. Contributors present the core principles of quantum mechanics--entanglement, uncertainty, superposition, and the wave function--as significant catalysts and superior heuristics for an accelerating quantum future. Facing a reality which no longer corresponds to an outdated Newtonian worldview of states as billiard balls, individuals as rational actors or power as objective interest, Der Derian and Wendt issue an urgent call for a new human science of quantum International Relations. At the centenary of the first quantum thought experiment in the 1920s, this book offers a diversity of explorations, speculations and approaches for understanding geopolitics in the 21st century.

Computational Intelligence Aided Systems for Healthcare Domain

Author: Akshansh Gupta

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2023-06-14

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13: 1000884406

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This book covers recent advances in artificial intelligence, smart computing, and their applications in augmenting medical and health care systems. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in diverse engineering fields including electrical, electronics and communication, computer, and biomedical. This book: Presents architecture, characteristics, and applications of artificial intelligence and smart computing in health care systems Highlights privacy issues faced in health care and health informatics using artificial intelligence and smart computing technologies Discusses nature-inspired computing algorithms for the brain-computer interface Covers graph neural network application in the medical domain Provides insights into the state-of-the-art artificial intelligence and smart computing enabling and emerging technologies This book discusses recent advances and applications of artificial intelligence and smart technologies in the field of healthcare. It highlights privacy issues faced in health care and health informatics using artificial intelligence and smart computing technologies. It covers nature-inspired computing algorithms such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization algorithms, and common scrambling algorithms to study brain-computer interfaces. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer engineering, and biomedical engineering.

Book Synopsis Computational Intelligence Aided Systems for Healthcare Domain by : Akshansh Gupta

Download or read book Computational Intelligence Aided Systems for Healthcare Domain written by Akshansh Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-06-14 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers recent advances in artificial intelligence, smart computing, and their applications in augmenting medical and health care systems. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in diverse engineering fields including electrical, electronics and communication, computer, and biomedical. This book: Presents architecture, characteristics, and applications of artificial intelligence and smart computing in health care systems Highlights privacy issues faced in health care and health informatics using artificial intelligence and smart computing technologies Discusses nature-inspired computing algorithms for the brain-computer interface Covers graph neural network application in the medical domain Provides insights into the state-of-the-art artificial intelligence and smart computing enabling and emerging technologies This book discusses recent advances and applications of artificial intelligence and smart technologies in the field of healthcare. It highlights privacy issues faced in health care and health informatics using artificial intelligence and smart computing technologies. It covers nature-inspired computing algorithms such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization algorithms, and common scrambling algorithms to study brain-computer interfaces. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer engineering, and biomedical engineering.

Policy Decision Modeling with Fuzzy Logic

Author: Ali Guidara

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-12-18

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13: 3030626288

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This book introduces the concept of policy decision emergence and its dynamics at the sub systemic level of the decision process. This level constitutes the breeding ground of the emergence of policy decisions but remains unexplored due to the absence of adequate tools. It is a nonlinear complex system made of several entities that interact dynamically. The behavior of such a system cannot be understood with linear and deterministic methods. The book presents an innovative multidisciplinary approach that results in the development of a Policy Decision Emergence Simulation Model (PODESIM). This computational model is a multi-level fuzzy inference system that allows the identification of the decision emergence levers. This development represents a major advancement in the field of public policy decision studies. It paves the way for decision emergence modeling and simulation by bridging complex systems theory, multiple streams theory, and fuzzy logic theory.

Book Synopsis Policy Decision Modeling with Fuzzy Logic by : Ali Guidara

Download or read book Policy Decision Modeling with Fuzzy Logic written by Ali Guidara and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the concept of policy decision emergence and its dynamics at the sub systemic level of the decision process. This level constitutes the breeding ground of the emergence of policy decisions but remains unexplored due to the absence of adequate tools. It is a nonlinear complex system made of several entities that interact dynamically. The behavior of such a system cannot be understood with linear and deterministic methods. The book presents an innovative multidisciplinary approach that results in the development of a Policy Decision Emergence Simulation Model (PODESIM). This computational model is a multi-level fuzzy inference system that allows the identification of the decision emergence levers. This development represents a major advancement in the field of public policy decision studies. It paves the way for decision emergence modeling and simulation by bridging complex systems theory, multiple streams theory, and fuzzy logic theory.

Quantum Governance

Author: Fadi Farra

Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing

Published: 2023-09-15

Total Pages: 231

ISBN-13: 1837537801

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Old systems of governance are struggling to cope with the pressures placed on them by the accelerating development of modern society. There is a desperate need for change. Quantum Governance offers a new way of thinking about policy implementation and has profound ramifications for policymakers.

Book Synopsis Quantum Governance by : Fadi Farra

Download or read book Quantum Governance written by Fadi Farra and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2023-09-15 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Old systems of governance are struggling to cope with the pressures placed on them by the accelerating development of modern society. There is a desperate need for change. Quantum Governance offers a new way of thinking about policy implementation and has profound ramifications for policymakers.

The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science

Author: Emmanuel Haven

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-02-06

Total Pages: 377

ISBN-13: 1137492767

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It is not intuitive to accept that there exists a link between quantum physical systems and cognitive systems. However, recent research has shown that cognitive systems and collective (social) systems, including biology, exhibit uncertainty which can be successfully modelled with quantum probability. The use of such probability allows for the modelling of situations which typically violate the laws of classical probability. The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science is is a unique volume that brings together contributions from leading experts on key topics in this new and emerging field. Completely self-contained, it begins with an introductory section which gathers all the fundamental notions required to be able to understand later chapters. The handbook then moves on to address some of the latest research and applications for quantum methods in social science disciplines, including economics, politics and psychology. It begins with the issue of how the quantum mechanical framework can be applied to economics. Chapters devoted to this topic range from how Fisher information can be argued to play a role in economics, to the foundations and application of quantum game theory. The handbook then progresses in considering how belief states can be updated with the theory of quantum measurements (and also with more general methods). The practical use of the Hilbert space (and Fock space) in decision theory is then introduced, and open quantum systems are also considered. The handbook also treats a model of neural oscillators that reproduces some of the features of quantum cognition. Other contributions delve into causal reasoning using quantum Bayes nets and the role of quantum probability in modelling so called affective evaluation. The handbook is rounded off with two chapters which discuss the grand challenges which lie ahead of us. How can the quantum formalism be justified in social science and is the traditional quantum formalism too restrictive? Finally, a question is posed: whether there is a necessary role for quantum mathematical models to go beyond physics. This book will bring the latest and most cutting edge research on quantum theory to social science disciplines. Students and researchers across the discipline, as well as those in the fields of physics and mathematics will welcome this important addition to the literature.

Book Synopsis The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science by : Emmanuel Haven

Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science written by Emmanuel Haven and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is not intuitive to accept that there exists a link between quantum physical systems and cognitive systems. However, recent research has shown that cognitive systems and collective (social) systems, including biology, exhibit uncertainty which can be successfully modelled with quantum probability. The use of such probability allows for the modelling of situations which typically violate the laws of classical probability. The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science is is a unique volume that brings together contributions from leading experts on key topics in this new and emerging field. Completely self-contained, it begins with an introductory section which gathers all the fundamental notions required to be able to understand later chapters. The handbook then moves on to address some of the latest research and applications for quantum methods in social science disciplines, including economics, politics and psychology. It begins with the issue of how the quantum mechanical framework can be applied to economics. Chapters devoted to this topic range from how Fisher information can be argued to play a role in economics, to the foundations and application of quantum game theory. The handbook then progresses in considering how belief states can be updated with the theory of quantum measurements (and also with more general methods). The practical use of the Hilbert space (and Fock space) in decision theory is then introduced, and open quantum systems are also considered. The handbook also treats a model of neural oscillators that reproduces some of the features of quantum cognition. Other contributions delve into causal reasoning using quantum Bayes nets and the role of quantum probability in modelling so called affective evaluation. The handbook is rounded off with two chapters which discuss the grand challenges which lie ahead of us. How can the quantum formalism be justified in social science and is the traditional quantum formalism too restrictive? Finally, a question is posed: whether there is a necessary role for quantum mathematical models to go beyond physics. This book will bring the latest and most cutting edge research on quantum theory to social science disciplines. Students and researchers across the discipline, as well as those in the fields of physics and mathematics will welcome this important addition to the literature.

Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision

Author: Jerome R. Busemeyer

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012-07-26

Total Pages: 425

ISBN-13: 1139536486

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Much of our understanding of human thinking is based on probabilistic models. This innovative book by Jerome R. Busemeyer and Peter D. Bruza argues that, actually, the underlying mathematical structures from quantum theory provide a much better account of human thinking than traditional models. They introduce the foundations for modeling probabilistic-dynamic systems using two aspects of quantum theory. The first, 'contextuality', is a way to understand interference effects found with inferences and decisions under conditions of uncertainty. The second, 'quantum entanglement', allows cognitive phenomena to be modeled in non-reductionist ways. Employing these principles drawn from quantum theory allows us to view human cognition and decision in a totally new light. Introducing the basic principles in an easy-to-follow way, this book does not assume a physics background or a quantum brain and comes complete with a tutorial and fully worked-out applications in important areas of cognition and decision.

Book Synopsis Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision by : Jerome R. Busemeyer

Download or read book Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision written by Jerome R. Busemeyer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of our understanding of human thinking is based on probabilistic models. This innovative book by Jerome R. Busemeyer and Peter D. Bruza argues that, actually, the underlying mathematical structures from quantum theory provide a much better account of human thinking than traditional models. They introduce the foundations for modeling probabilistic-dynamic systems using two aspects of quantum theory. The first, 'contextuality', is a way to understand interference effects found with inferences and decisions under conditions of uncertainty. The second, 'quantum entanglement', allows cognitive phenomena to be modeled in non-reductionist ways. Employing these principles drawn from quantum theory allows us to view human cognition and decision in a totally new light. Introducing the basic principles in an easy-to-follow way, this book does not assume a physics background or a quantum brain and comes complete with a tutorial and fully worked-out applications in important areas of cognition and decision.

Quantum-Like Models for Information Retrieval and Decision-Making

Author: Diederik Aerts

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-09-09

Total Pages: 173

ISBN-13: 3030259137

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Recent years have been characterized by tremendous advances in quantum information and communication, both theoretically and experimentally. In addition, mathematical methods of quantum information and quantum probability have begun spreading to other areas of research, beyond physics. One exciting new possibility involves applying these methods to information science and computer science (without direct relation to the problems of creation of quantum computers). The aim of this Special Volume is to encourage scientists, especially the new generation (master and PhD students), working in computer science and related mathematical fields to explore novel possibilities based on the mathematical formalisms of quantum information and probability. The contributing authors, who hail from various countries, combine extensive quantum methods expertise with real-world experience in application of these methods to computer science. The problems considered chiefly concern quantum information-probability based modeling in the following areas: information foraging; interactive quantum information access; deep convolutional neural networks; decision making; quantum dynamics; open quantum systems; and theory of contextual probability. The book offers young scientists (students, PhD, postdocs) an essential introduction to applying the mathematical apparatus of quantum theory to computer science, information retrieval, and information processes.

Book Synopsis Quantum-Like Models for Information Retrieval and Decision-Making by : Diederik Aerts

Download or read book Quantum-Like Models for Information Retrieval and Decision-Making written by Diederik Aerts and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-09 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have been characterized by tremendous advances in quantum information and communication, both theoretically and experimentally. In addition, mathematical methods of quantum information and quantum probability have begun spreading to other areas of research, beyond physics. One exciting new possibility involves applying these methods to information science and computer science (without direct relation to the problems of creation of quantum computers). The aim of this Special Volume is to encourage scientists, especially the new generation (master and PhD students), working in computer science and related mathematical fields to explore novel possibilities based on the mathematical formalisms of quantum information and probability. The contributing authors, who hail from various countries, combine extensive quantum methods expertise with real-world experience in application of these methods to computer science. The problems considered chiefly concern quantum information-probability based modeling in the following areas: information foraging; interactive quantum information access; deep convolutional neural networks; decision making; quantum dynamics; open quantum systems; and theory of contextual probability. The book offers young scientists (students, PhD, postdocs) an essential introduction to applying the mathematical apparatus of quantum theory to computer science, information retrieval, and information processes.

How Labor Powers the Global Economy

Author: Emmanuel D. Farjoun

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-04-12

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13: 3030933210

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This book presents a probabilistic approach to studying the fundamental role of labor in capitalist economies and develops a non-deterministic theoretical framework for the foundations of political economy. By applying the framework to real-world data, the authors offer new insights into the dynamics of growth, wages, and accumulation in capitalist development around the globe. The book demonstrates that a probabilistic political economy based on labor inputs enables us to describe central organizing principles in modern capitalism. Starting from a few basic assumptions, it shows that the working time of employees is the main regulating variable for determining strict numerical limits on the rate of economic growth, the range of wages, and the pace of accumulation under the present global economic system. This book will appeal to anyone interested in how the capitalist mode of production works and its inherent limitations; in particular, it will be useful to scholars and students of Marxian economics. “Emmanuel Farjoun and Moshé Machover, follow up their pathbreaking work on the application of statistical physics methods to political economy in this book with David Zachariah, in which they develop methods for making educated and structured estimates of stylized facts applicable to capitalist economies. There’s a lot for economists and anyone interested in the political economy of capitalism to learn from their reasoning on these issues, including their novel and challenging suggestion of bounds on the rates of increase of use-value productivity of labor, and on the range of variation of the wage share.” Duncan K. Foley, Leo Model Professor of Economics, New School for Social Research

Book Synopsis How Labor Powers the Global Economy by : Emmanuel D. Farjoun

Download or read book How Labor Powers the Global Economy written by Emmanuel D. Farjoun and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a probabilistic approach to studying the fundamental role of labor in capitalist economies and develops a non-deterministic theoretical framework for the foundations of political economy. By applying the framework to real-world data, the authors offer new insights into the dynamics of growth, wages, and accumulation in capitalist development around the globe. The book demonstrates that a probabilistic political economy based on labor inputs enables us to describe central organizing principles in modern capitalism. Starting from a few basic assumptions, it shows that the working time of employees is the main regulating variable for determining strict numerical limits on the rate of economic growth, the range of wages, and the pace of accumulation under the present global economic system. This book will appeal to anyone interested in how the capitalist mode of production works and its inherent limitations; in particular, it will be useful to scholars and students of Marxian economics. “Emmanuel Farjoun and Moshé Machover, follow up their pathbreaking work on the application of statistical physics methods to political economy in this book with David Zachariah, in which they develop methods for making educated and structured estimates of stylized facts applicable to capitalist economies. There’s a lot for economists and anyone interested in the political economy of capitalism to learn from their reasoning on these issues, including their novel and challenging suggestion of bounds on the rates of increase of use-value productivity of labor, and on the range of variation of the wage share.” Duncan K. Foley, Leo Model Professor of Economics, New School for Social Research