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If you have two small objects, one here on Earth and the other on the planet Pluto, what would you say of the following statement: No modification of the properties of the object on the earth can take place as a consequence of an interaction of the distant object with a third body also located on Pluto? The opinion that the previous statement is correct is very natural, but modern quantum theory implies that it must be wrong in certain cases. Consider in fact two arbitrary objects separated by such a large distance that they are unable to exert any important mutual influence. It is possible to show rigorously that a measurable physical quantity exists, with a value more than 40% different from the value theoretically predicted by quantum mechanics. Necessarily then, either space is largely an illusion of our senses and it does not exist objectively, or information can be sent from the future to the past, or ... something important has to be changed in modern physics. This is the essence of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox. A paradox is an argument that derives absurd conclusions by valid deduction from acceptable premises. In the case of the EPR paradox the absurd conclusion is that Bell's observable d should have two different values d = 2.Ji and The "acceptable premises" are the following: 1. All the empirical predictions of the existing quantum theory are correct.
Book Synopsis Quantum Mechanics Versus Local Realism by : F. Selleri
Download or read book Quantum Mechanics Versus Local Realism written by F. Selleri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you have two small objects, one here on Earth and the other on the planet Pluto, what would you say of the following statement: No modification of the properties of the object on the earth can take place as a consequence of an interaction of the distant object with a third body also located on Pluto? The opinion that the previous statement is correct is very natural, but modern quantum theory implies that it must be wrong in certain cases. Consider in fact two arbitrary objects separated by such a large distance that they are unable to exert any important mutual influence. It is possible to show rigorously that a measurable physical quantity exists, with a value more than 40% different from the value theoretically predicted by quantum mechanics. Necessarily then, either space is largely an illusion of our senses and it does not exist objectively, or information can be sent from the future to the past, or ... something important has to be changed in modern physics. This is the essence of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox. A paradox is an argument that derives absurd conclusions by valid deduction from acceptable premises. In the case of the EPR paradox the absurd conclusion is that Bell's observable d should have two different values d = 2.Ji and The "acceptable premises" are the following: 1. All the empirical predictions of the existing quantum theory are correct.
Combining twenty-six original essays written by an impressive line-up of distinguished physicists and philosophers of physics, this anthology reflects some of the latest thoughts by leading experts on the influence of Bell's theorem on quantum physics. Essays progress from John Bell's character and background, through studies of his main work, and on to more speculative ideas, addressing the controversies surrounding the theorem, and investigating the theorem's meaning and its deep implications for the nature of physical reality. Combined, they present a powerful comment on the undeniable significance of Bell's theorem for the development of ideas in quantum physics over the past 50 years. Questions surrounding the assumptions and significance of Bell's work still inspire discussion in the field of quantum physics. Adding to this with a theoretical and philosophical perspective, this balanced anthology is an indispensable volume for students and researchers interested in the philosophy of physics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.
Book Synopsis Quantum Nonlocality and Reality by : Mary Bell
Download or read book Quantum Nonlocality and Reality written by Mary Bell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining twenty-six original essays written by an impressive line-up of distinguished physicists and philosophers of physics, this anthology reflects some of the latest thoughts by leading experts on the influence of Bell's theorem on quantum physics. Essays progress from John Bell's character and background, through studies of his main work, and on to more speculative ideas, addressing the controversies surrounding the theorem, and investigating the theorem's meaning and its deep implications for the nature of physical reality. Combined, they present a powerful comment on the undeniable significance of Bell's theorem for the development of ideas in quantum physics over the past 50 years. Questions surrounding the assumptions and significance of Bell's work still inspire discussion in the field of quantum physics. Adding to this with a theoretical and philosophical perspective, this balanced anthology is an indispensable volume for students and researchers interested in the philosophy of physics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.
This edited collection provides new perspectives on some metaphysical questions arising in quantum mechanics. These questions have been long-standing and are of continued interest to researchers and graduate students working in physics, philosophy of physics, and metaphysics. It features contributions from a diverse set of researchers, ranging from senior scholars to junior academics, working in varied fields, from physics to philosophy of physics and metaphysics. The contributors reflect on issues about fundamentality (is quantum theory fundamental? If so, what is its fundamental ontology?), ontological dependence (how do ordinary objects exist even if they are not fundamental?), realism (what kind of realism is compatible with quantum theory?), indeterminacy (can the world itself exhibit ontological indeterminacy?). The book contains contributions from both physicists (including Nobel Prize winner Gerard 't Hooft), science communicators and philosophers.
Book Synopsis Quantum Mechanics and Fundamentality by : Valia Allori
Download or read book Quantum Mechanics and Fundamentality written by Valia Allori and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-27 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection provides new perspectives on some metaphysical questions arising in quantum mechanics. These questions have been long-standing and are of continued interest to researchers and graduate students working in physics, philosophy of physics, and metaphysics. It features contributions from a diverse set of researchers, ranging from senior scholars to junior academics, working in varied fields, from physics to philosophy of physics and metaphysics. The contributors reflect on issues about fundamentality (is quantum theory fundamental? If so, what is its fundamental ontology?), ontological dependence (how do ordinary objects exist even if they are not fundamental?), realism (what kind of realism is compatible with quantum theory?), indeterminacy (can the world itself exhibit ontological indeterminacy?). The book contains contributions from both physicists (including Nobel Prize winner Gerard 't Hooft), science communicators and philosophers.
This captivating book presents a new, unified picture of the everyday world around us. It provides rational, scientific support for the idea that there may well be more to our reality than meets the eye…Accessible and engaging for readers with no prior knowledge of quantum physics, author Ruth Kastner draws on the popular transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics to explain our ‘quantum reality.’ Her book focuses on modern-day examples and deals with big philosophical questions as well as ideas from physics.If you have any interest in quantum physics, this book is for you — whether you be a physics student or academic, or simply an inquisitive reader who wants to delve deeper into the reality of the world around you. Dr Ruth Kastner has received two National Science Foundation awards for the study of interpretational issues in quantum theory.
Book Synopsis Understanding Our Unseen Reality: Solving Quantum Riddles by : Kastner Ruth E
Download or read book Understanding Our Unseen Reality: Solving Quantum Riddles written by Kastner Ruth E and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-02-26 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This captivating book presents a new, unified picture of the everyday world around us. It provides rational, scientific support for the idea that there may well be more to our reality than meets the eye…Accessible and engaging for readers with no prior knowledge of quantum physics, author Ruth Kastner draws on the popular transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics to explain our ‘quantum reality.’ Her book focuses on modern-day examples and deals with big philosophical questions as well as ideas from physics.If you have any interest in quantum physics, this book is for you — whether you be a physics student or academic, or simply an inquisitive reader who wants to delve deeper into the reality of the world around you. Dr Ruth Kastner has received two National Science Foundation awards for the study of interpretational issues in quantum theory.
Quantum theory presents a strange picture of the world, offering no real account of physical properties apart from observation. Neils Bohr felt that this reflected a core truth of nature: "There is no quantum world. There is only an abstract mathematical description." Among the most significant developments since Bohr’s day has been the theorem of John S. Bell. It is important to consider whether Bell’s analysis supports such a denial of microrealism. In this book, we evaluate the situation in terms of an early work of Erwin Schrödinger. Doing so, we see how Bell’s theorem is conceptually related to the Conway and Kochen Free Will theorem and also to all the major anti-realism efforts. It is easy to show that none of these analyses imply the impossibility of objective realism. We find that Schrödinger’s work leads to the derivation of a new series of theoretical proofs and potential experiments, each involving “entanglement,” the link between particles in some quantum systems. .
Book Synopsis Bell's Theorem and Quantum Realism by : Douglas L. Hemmick
Download or read book Bell's Theorem and Quantum Realism written by Douglas L. Hemmick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-02 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum theory presents a strange picture of the world, offering no real account of physical properties apart from observation. Neils Bohr felt that this reflected a core truth of nature: "There is no quantum world. There is only an abstract mathematical description." Among the most significant developments since Bohr’s day has been the theorem of John S. Bell. It is important to consider whether Bell’s analysis supports such a denial of microrealism. In this book, we evaluate the situation in terms of an early work of Erwin Schrödinger. Doing so, we see how Bell’s theorem is conceptually related to the Conway and Kochen Free Will theorem and also to all the major anti-realism efforts. It is easy to show that none of these analyses imply the impossibility of objective realism. We find that Schrödinger’s work leads to the derivation of a new series of theoretical proofs and potential experiments, each involving “entanglement,” the link between particles in some quantum systems. .
This book proposes a model of the light knot electronic structure and the theory of quantum inverse measurement, showing that diffraction experiments can be explained by directional quantization. It points out that there exists a logical loophole in the interpretation process of quantum entanglement, and proves that there is a paradox in the uncertainty relationship. As such, the book lays the foundation for the establishment of local-realism quantum mechanics and successfully establishes the quantum mechanics of localized realism and determinism is successfully established. It will appeal to university students, teachers, and scientists, as well as science lovers.
Book Synopsis Quantum Mechanics’ Return to Local Realism by : Runsheng Tu
Download or read book Quantum Mechanics’ Return to Local Realism written by Runsheng Tu and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2018-10-19 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes a model of the light knot electronic structure and the theory of quantum inverse measurement, showing that diffraction experiments can be explained by directional quantization. It points out that there exists a logical loophole in the interpretation process of quantum entanglement, and proves that there is a paradox in the uncertainty relationship. As such, the book lays the foundation for the establishment of local-realism quantum mechanics and successfully establishes the quantum mechanics of localized realism and determinism is successfully established. It will appeal to university students, teachers, and scientists, as well as science lovers.
Although the debate about the true nature of the quantum behavior of atomic systems has never ceased, there are two periods during which it has been particularly intense: the years that saw the founding of quantum mechanics and, increasingly, these modern times. In 1954 Max Born, on accepting the Nobel Prize for his 'fundamental researches in quantum mechanics', recalled the depth of the disagreements that divided celebrated quantum theorists of those days into two camps: . . . when I say that physicists had accepted the way of thinking developed by us at that time, r am not quite correct: there are a few most noteworthy exceptions - namely, among those very workers who have contributed most to the building up of quantum theory. Planck himself belonged to the sceptics until his death. Einstein, de Broglie, and Schriidinger have not ceased to emphasize the unsatisfactory features of quantum mechanics . . . . This dramatic disagreement centered around some of the most funda mental questions in all of science: Do atomic objects exist il1dependently of human observations and, if so, is it possible for man to understand correctly their behavior? By and large, it can be said that the Copenhagen and Gottingen schools - led by Bohr, Heisenberg, and Born, in particula- gave more or less openly pessimistic answers to these questions.
Book Synopsis Quantum Paradoxes and Physical Reality by : F. Selleri
Download or read book Quantum Paradoxes and Physical Reality written by F. Selleri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the debate about the true nature of the quantum behavior of atomic systems has never ceased, there are two periods during which it has been particularly intense: the years that saw the founding of quantum mechanics and, increasingly, these modern times. In 1954 Max Born, on accepting the Nobel Prize for his 'fundamental researches in quantum mechanics', recalled the depth of the disagreements that divided celebrated quantum theorists of those days into two camps: . . . when I say that physicists had accepted the way of thinking developed by us at that time, r am not quite correct: there are a few most noteworthy exceptions - namely, among those very workers who have contributed most to the building up of quantum theory. Planck himself belonged to the sceptics until his death. Einstein, de Broglie, and Schriidinger have not ceased to emphasize the unsatisfactory features of quantum mechanics . . . . This dramatic disagreement centered around some of the most funda mental questions in all of science: Do atomic objects exist il1dependently of human observations and, if so, is it possible for man to understand correctly their behavior? By and large, it can be said that the Copenhagen and Gottingen schools - led by Bohr, Heisenberg, and Born, in particula- gave more or less openly pessimistic answers to these questions.
This book provides a new original perspective on one of the most fascinating and important open questions in science: What is quantum mechanics talking about? Quantum theory is perhaps our best confirmed physical theory. However, in spite of its great empirical effectiveness and the subsequent technological developments that it gave rise to in the 20th century, from the interpretation of the periodic table of elements to CD players, holograms and quantum state teleportation, it stands even today without a universally accepted interpretation. The novelty of the book comes from the multiple viewpoints and the original angles taken by a group of young researchers from Europe and South America who gathered for several years under the auspices of the Center Leo Apostel. Each member of the group presented ideas concerning the interpretation of quantum mechanics. We had discussions ranging from the philosophical underpinnings of local realism and holism, information and decision theoretic approaches to quantum theory all the way to the many worlds interpretation. Strikingly, in much the same way as different — and indeed incompatible observations are needed to fully describe the physical state of affairs in quantum mechanics — the various interpretations of the theory also seem to shed viable, but not necessarily compatible, perspectives on different aspects of the same grand framework. The discussions that followed were both technical and lively, but perhaps their most remarkable quality was the absence of rigid points of view that unfortunately seems to paralyze so much of the discussion in this area. This book is an expression which can be interesting not only to the specialists but also for the general public attempting to get a grasp on one of the still most fundamental questions of present physics. Contents:Do Quantum Dice Remember? (T Durt)Quantum Ontology in the Light of Gauge Theories (G Catren)The Probabilistic Structure of Quantum Theory as Originating from Optimal Observation in the Face of the Observer's Lack of Knowledge of His Own State (S Aerts)Quantum Realism, Information, and Epistemological Modesty (A Grinbaum)The Problem of Representation and Experience in Quantum Mechanics (C de Ronde)Bohrian Complementarity in the Light of Kantian Teleology (H Pringe)How Understanding Matters — Or Not (S Le Bihan)On the Orthocomplementation of State-Property-Systems of Contextual Systems (B D'Hooghe)The Deleuzian Concept of Structure and Quantum Mechanics (W A Christiaens)Understanding Probabilities in the Everett Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (A Barton)Metaphysical Underdetermination and Logical Determination: The Case of Quantum Mechanics (J R B Arenhart)Neither Name, Nor Number (F Holik)EPR Correlations, Bell Inequalities and Common Cause Systems (G Hofer-Szabó)A Logic-Algebraic Framework for Contextuality and Modality in Quantum Systems (H Freytes) Readership: Student, professional, and the general public interested in the quantum theory. Key Features:The constitution of the group is of mainly PhD students in Europe working in the physics, philosophy and logic of quantum theory. The group, though young, is technically skilled both in the formalism as well as in the traditional and contemporary philosophical discussions regarding the interpretation of quantum mechanics. It is such a constitution which can provide the conditions for a “fresh look” at the field of foundations of quantum mechanicsQuantum mechanics is simply fascinating and remains even today an open problem for those who wish to seek for answersThe book will be a single unity, as it will be directed by “seeking understanding of quantum mechanics”, but it will also be wide and diverse in scope of topics and personal in choice and motivation of the topics handled, which is what makes this enterprise uniqueKeywords:Quantum Mechanics;Physics;Philosophy;Logic
Book Synopsis Probing the Meaning of Quantum Mechanics by : Diederik Aerts
Download or read book Probing the Meaning of Quantum Mechanics written by Diederik Aerts and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a new original perspective on one of the most fascinating and important open questions in science: What is quantum mechanics talking about? Quantum theory is perhaps our best confirmed physical theory. However, in spite of its great empirical effectiveness and the subsequent technological developments that it gave rise to in the 20th century, from the interpretation of the periodic table of elements to CD players, holograms and quantum state teleportation, it stands even today without a universally accepted interpretation. The novelty of the book comes from the multiple viewpoints and the original angles taken by a group of young researchers from Europe and South America who gathered for several years under the auspices of the Center Leo Apostel. Each member of the group presented ideas concerning the interpretation of quantum mechanics. We had discussions ranging from the philosophical underpinnings of local realism and holism, information and decision theoretic approaches to quantum theory all the way to the many worlds interpretation. Strikingly, in much the same way as different — and indeed incompatible observations are needed to fully describe the physical state of affairs in quantum mechanics — the various interpretations of the theory also seem to shed viable, but not necessarily compatible, perspectives on different aspects of the same grand framework. The discussions that followed were both technical and lively, but perhaps their most remarkable quality was the absence of rigid points of view that unfortunately seems to paralyze so much of the discussion in this area. This book is an expression which can be interesting not only to the specialists but also for the general public attempting to get a grasp on one of the still most fundamental questions of present physics. Contents:Do Quantum Dice Remember? (T Durt)Quantum Ontology in the Light of Gauge Theories (G Catren)The Probabilistic Structure of Quantum Theory as Originating from Optimal Observation in the Face of the Observer's Lack of Knowledge of His Own State (S Aerts)Quantum Realism, Information, and Epistemological Modesty (A Grinbaum)The Problem of Representation and Experience in Quantum Mechanics (C de Ronde)Bohrian Complementarity in the Light of Kantian Teleology (H Pringe)How Understanding Matters — Or Not (S Le Bihan)On the Orthocomplementation of State-Property-Systems of Contextual Systems (B D'Hooghe)The Deleuzian Concept of Structure and Quantum Mechanics (W A Christiaens)Understanding Probabilities in the Everett Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (A Barton)Metaphysical Underdetermination and Logical Determination: The Case of Quantum Mechanics (J R B Arenhart)Neither Name, Nor Number (F Holik)EPR Correlations, Bell Inequalities and Common Cause Systems (G Hofer-Szabó)A Logic-Algebraic Framework for Contextuality and Modality in Quantum Systems (H Freytes) Readership: Student, professional, and the general public interested in the quantum theory. Key Features:The constitution of the group is of mainly PhD students in Europe working in the physics, philosophy and logic of quantum theory. The group, though young, is technically skilled both in the formalism as well as in the traditional and contemporary philosophical discussions regarding the interpretation of quantum mechanics. It is such a constitution which can provide the conditions for a “fresh look” at the field of foundations of quantum mechanicsQuantum mechanics is simply fascinating and remains even today an open problem for those who wish to seek for answersThe book will be a single unity, as it will be directed by “seeking understanding of quantum mechanics”, but it will also be wide and diverse in scope of topics and personal in choice and motivation of the topics handled, which is what makes this enterprise uniqueKeywords:Quantum Mechanics;Physics;Philosophy;Logic
This book presents a collection of novel contributions and reviews by renowned researchers in the foundations of quantum physics, quantum optics, and neutron physics. It is published in honor of Michael Horne, whose exceptionally clear and groundbreaking work in the foundations of quantum mechanics and interferometry, both of photons and of neutrons, has provided penetrating insight into the implications of modern physics for our understanding of the physical world. He is perhaps best known for the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality. This collection includes an oral history of Michael Horne's contributions to the foundations of physics and his connections to other eminent figures in the history of the subject, among them Clifford Shull and Abner Shimony.
Book Synopsis Quantum Arrangements by : Gregg Jaeger
Download or read book Quantum Arrangements written by Gregg Jaeger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-09 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of novel contributions and reviews by renowned researchers in the foundations of quantum physics, quantum optics, and neutron physics. It is published in honor of Michael Horne, whose exceptionally clear and groundbreaking work in the foundations of quantum mechanics and interferometry, both of photons and of neutrons, has provided penetrating insight into the implications of modern physics for our understanding of the physical world. He is perhaps best known for the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality. This collection includes an oral history of Michael Horne's contributions to the foundations of physics and his connections to other eminent figures in the history of the subject, among them Clifford Shull and Abner Shimony.
Book Synopsis Realistic Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics by : Emilio Santos Corchero
Download or read book Realistic Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics written by Emilio Santos Corchero and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
