Redrawing the Middle East

Redrawing the Middle East

Author: Michael D. Berdine

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2018-03-30

Total Pages: 328

ISBN-13: 1786724065

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The Sykes-Picot Agreement was one of the defining moments in the history of the modern Middle East. Yet its co-creator, Sir Mark Sykes, had far more involvement in British Middle East strategy during World War I than the Agreement for which he is now most remembered. Between 1915 and 1916, Sykes was Lord Kitchener's agent at home and abroad, operating out of the War Office until the war secretary's death at sea in 1916. Following that, from 1916 to 1919 he worked at the Imperial War Cabinet, the War Cabinet Secretariat and, finally, as an advisor to the Foreign Office. The full extent of Sykes's work and influence has previously not been told. Moreover, the general impression given of him is at variance with the facts. Sykes led the negotiations with the Zionist leadership in the formulation of the Balfour Declaration, which he helped to write, and promoted their cause to achieve what he sought for a pro-British post-war Middle East peace settlement, although he was not himself a Zionist. Likewise, despite claims he championed the Arab cause, there is little proof of this other than general rhetoric mainly for public consumption. On the contrary, there is much evidence he routinely exhibited a complete lack of empathy with the Arabs. In this book, Michael Berdine examines the life of this impulsive and headstrong young British aristocrat who helped formulate many of Britain's policies in the Middle East that are responsible for much of the instability that has affected the region ever since.


Book Synopsis Redrawing the Middle East by : Michael D. Berdine

Download or read book Redrawing the Middle East written by Michael D. Berdine and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-30 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sykes-Picot Agreement was one of the defining moments in the history of the modern Middle East. Yet its co-creator, Sir Mark Sykes, had far more involvement in British Middle East strategy during World War I than the Agreement for which he is now most remembered. Between 1915 and 1916, Sykes was Lord Kitchener's agent at home and abroad, operating out of the War Office until the war secretary's death at sea in 1916. Following that, from 1916 to 1919 he worked at the Imperial War Cabinet, the War Cabinet Secretariat and, finally, as an advisor to the Foreign Office. The full extent of Sykes's work and influence has previously not been told. Moreover, the general impression given of him is at variance with the facts. Sykes led the negotiations with the Zionist leadership in the formulation of the Balfour Declaration, which he helped to write, and promoted their cause to achieve what he sought for a pro-British post-war Middle East peace settlement, although he was not himself a Zionist. Likewise, despite claims he championed the Arab cause, there is little proof of this other than general rhetoric mainly for public consumption. On the contrary, there is much evidence he routinely exhibited a complete lack of empathy with the Arabs. In this book, Michael Berdine examines the life of this impulsive and headstrong young British aristocrat who helped formulate many of Britain's policies in the Middle East that are responsible for much of the instability that has affected the region ever since.


The Islamist Phoenix

The Islamist Phoenix

Author: Loretta Napoleoni

Publisher: Seven Stories Press

Published: 2014-11-04

Total Pages: 127

ISBN-13: 1609806298

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An updated edition of The Islamist Phoenix is now available as ISIS: The Terror Nation (978-1-60980-725-2) From its birth in the late 1990s as the jihadist dream of terrorist leader Abu Musab al Zarqawi, the Islamic State (known by a variety of names, including ISIS, ISIL, and al Qaeda in Iraq) has grown into a massive enterprise, redrawing national borders across the Middle East and subjecting an area larger than the United Kingdom to its own vicious brand of Sharia law. In The Islamist Phoenix, world-renowned terrorism expert Loretta Napoleoni takes us beyond the headlines, demonstrating that while Western media portrays the Islamic State as little more than a gang of thugs on a winning streak, the organization is proposing a new model for nation building. Waging a traditional war of conquest to carve out the 21st-century version of the original Caliphate, IS uses modern technology to recruit and fundraise while engaging the local population in the day-to-day running of the new state. Rising from the ashes of failing jihadist enterprises, the Islamic State has shown a deep understanding of Middle Eastern politics, fully exploiting proxy war and shell-state tactics. This is not another terrorist network but a formidable enemy in tune with the new modernity of the current world disorder. As Napoleoni writes, “Ignoring these facts is more than misleading and superficial, it is dangerous. ‘Know your enemy’ remains the most important adage in the fight against terrorism.”


Book Synopsis The Islamist Phoenix by : Loretta Napoleoni

Download or read book The Islamist Phoenix written by Loretta Napoleoni and published by Seven Stories Press. This book was released on 2014-11-04 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An updated edition of The Islamist Phoenix is now available as ISIS: The Terror Nation (978-1-60980-725-2) From its birth in the late 1990s as the jihadist dream of terrorist leader Abu Musab al Zarqawi, the Islamic State (known by a variety of names, including ISIS, ISIL, and al Qaeda in Iraq) has grown into a massive enterprise, redrawing national borders across the Middle East and subjecting an area larger than the United Kingdom to its own vicious brand of Sharia law. In The Islamist Phoenix, world-renowned terrorism expert Loretta Napoleoni takes us beyond the headlines, demonstrating that while Western media portrays the Islamic State as little more than a gang of thugs on a winning streak, the organization is proposing a new model for nation building. Waging a traditional war of conquest to carve out the 21st-century version of the original Caliphate, IS uses modern technology to recruit and fundraise while engaging the local population in the day-to-day running of the new state. Rising from the ashes of failing jihadist enterprises, the Islamic State has shown a deep understanding of Middle Eastern politics, fully exploiting proxy war and shell-state tactics. This is not another terrorist network but a formidable enemy in tune with the new modernity of the current world disorder. As Napoleoni writes, “Ignoring these facts is more than misleading and superficial, it is dangerous. ‘Know your enemy’ remains the most important adage in the fight against terrorism.”


Is There a Middle East?

Is There a Middle East?

Author: Abbas Amanat

Publisher: Stanford University Press

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 342

ISBN-13: 0804775273

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This book offers diverse debates on the possible manifestations and meanings of the term "Middle East."


Book Synopsis Is There a Middle East? by : Abbas Amanat

Download or read book Is There a Middle East? written by Abbas Amanat and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers diverse debates on the possible manifestations and meanings of the term "Middle East."


Stabilising the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa

Stabilising the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa

Author: Victor Gervais

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-08-28

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 3030252299

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This book examines the changing dynamics of stabilisation efforts in the Middle East and North Africa. Written by recognised scholars and practitioners in the field, this volume provides a rich overview of the broader spectrum of stabilisation. The topics range from a comprehensive set of lessons learned in Afghanistan and Iraq to transitional justice and reconciliation efforts in Tunisia and international attempts to protect the region’s cultural heritage. Ultimately, this edited collection presents a comprehensive look at the attempts to increase stability in the MENA region.


Book Synopsis Stabilising the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa by : Victor Gervais

Download or read book Stabilising the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa written by Victor Gervais and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the changing dynamics of stabilisation efforts in the Middle East and North Africa. Written by recognised scholars and practitioners in the field, this volume provides a rich overview of the broader spectrum of stabilisation. The topics range from a comprehensive set of lessons learned in Afghanistan and Iraq to transitional justice and reconciliation efforts in Tunisia and international attempts to protect the region’s cultural heritage. Ultimately, this edited collection presents a comprehensive look at the attempts to increase stability in the MENA region.


Planning Middle Eastern Cities

Planning Middle Eastern Cities

Author: Yasser Elsheshtawy

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2004-08-02

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 1134410107

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How did colonial influences change the urban form of the Arab capitals? The author here poses - and answers - many questions on globalisation and the Middle East.


Book Synopsis Planning Middle Eastern Cities by : Yasser Elsheshtawy

Download or read book Planning Middle Eastern Cities written by Yasser Elsheshtawy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did colonial influences change the urban form of the Arab capitals? The author here poses - and answers - many questions on globalisation and the Middle East.


Redrawing Nations

Redrawing Nations

Author: Philipp Ther

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Published: 2001-11-13

Total Pages: 355

ISBN-13: 1461642981

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After World War II, some 12 million Germans, 3 million Poles and Ukrainians, and tens of thousands of Hungarians were expelled from their homes and forced to migrate to their supposed countries of origin. Using freshly available materials from Polish, Ukrainian, Russian, Czechoslovak, German, British, and American archives, the contributors to this book provide a sweeping, detailed account of the turmoil caused by the huge wave of forced migration during the nascent Cold War. The book also documents the deep and lasting political, social, and economic consequences of this traumatic time, raising difficult questions about the effect of forced migration on postwar reconstruction, the rise of Communism, and the growing tensions between Western Europe and the Eastern bloc. Those interested in European Cold-War history will find this book indispensable for understanding the profound—but hitherto little known—upheavals caused by the massive ethnic cleansing that took place from 1944 to 1948.


Book Synopsis Redrawing Nations by : Philipp Ther

Download or read book Redrawing Nations written by Philipp Ther and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2001-11-13 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After World War II, some 12 million Germans, 3 million Poles and Ukrainians, and tens of thousands of Hungarians were expelled from their homes and forced to migrate to their supposed countries of origin. Using freshly available materials from Polish, Ukrainian, Russian, Czechoslovak, German, British, and American archives, the contributors to this book provide a sweeping, detailed account of the turmoil caused by the huge wave of forced migration during the nascent Cold War. The book also documents the deep and lasting political, social, and economic consequences of this traumatic time, raising difficult questions about the effect of forced migration on postwar reconstruction, the rise of Communism, and the growing tensions between Western Europe and the Eastern bloc. Those interested in European Cold-War history will find this book indispensable for understanding the profound—but hitherto little known—upheavals caused by the massive ethnic cleansing that took place from 1944 to 1948.


America's War for the Greater Middle East

America's War for the Greater Middle East

Author: Andrew J. Bacevich

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 498

ISBN-13: 0553393936

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A critical assessment of America's foreign policy in the Middle East throughout the past four decades evaluates and connects regional engagements since 1990 while revealing their massive costs.


Book Synopsis America's War for the Greater Middle East by : Andrew J. Bacevich

Download or read book America's War for the Greater Middle East written by Andrew J. Bacevich and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical assessment of America's foreign policy in the Middle East throughout the past four decades evaluates and connects regional engagements since 1990 while revealing their massive costs.


Clientelism and Patronage in the Middle East and North Africa

Clientelism and Patronage in the Middle East and North Africa

Author: Laura Ruiz de Elvira

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-07-17

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 135116922X

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One common demand in the 2011 uprisings in the MENA region was the call for ‘freedom, dignity, and social justice.’ Citizens rallied against corruption and clientelism, which for many protesters were deeply linked to political tyranny. This book takes the phenomenon of the 2011 uprisings as a point of departure for reassessing clientelism and patronage across the entire MENA region. Using case studies covering Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey and the Gulf monarchies, it looks at how the relationships within and between clientelist and patronage networks changed before 2011. The book assesses how these changes contributed to the destabilization of the established political and social order, and how they affected less visible political processes. It then turns to look at how the political transformations since 2011 have in turn reconfigured these networks in terms of strategies and dynamics, and concomitantly, what implications this has had for the inclusion or exclusion of new actors. Are specific networks expanding or shrinking in the post-2011 contexts? Do these networks reproduce established forms of patron-client relations or do they translate into new modes and mechanisms? As the first book to systematically discuss clientelism, patronage and corruption against the background of the 2011 uprisings, it will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of Middle Eastern Studies. The book also addresses major debates in comparative politics and political sociology by offering ‘networks of dependency’ as an interdisciplinary conceptual approach that can ‘travel’ across place and time.


Book Synopsis Clientelism and Patronage in the Middle East and North Africa by : Laura Ruiz de Elvira

Download or read book Clientelism and Patronage in the Middle East and North Africa written by Laura Ruiz de Elvira and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One common demand in the 2011 uprisings in the MENA region was the call for ‘freedom, dignity, and social justice.’ Citizens rallied against corruption and clientelism, which for many protesters were deeply linked to political tyranny. This book takes the phenomenon of the 2011 uprisings as a point of departure for reassessing clientelism and patronage across the entire MENA region. Using case studies covering Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey and the Gulf monarchies, it looks at how the relationships within and between clientelist and patronage networks changed before 2011. The book assesses how these changes contributed to the destabilization of the established political and social order, and how they affected less visible political processes. It then turns to look at how the political transformations since 2011 have in turn reconfigured these networks in terms of strategies and dynamics, and concomitantly, what implications this has had for the inclusion or exclusion of new actors. Are specific networks expanding or shrinking in the post-2011 contexts? Do these networks reproduce established forms of patron-client relations or do they translate into new modes and mechanisms? As the first book to systematically discuss clientelism, patronage and corruption against the background of the 2011 uprisings, it will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of Middle Eastern Studies. The book also addresses major debates in comparative politics and political sociology by offering ‘networks of dependency’ as an interdisciplinary conceptual approach that can ‘travel’ across place and time.


The Making the Modern Middle East

The Making the Modern Middle East

Author: T. G. Fraser

Publisher: Gingko Library

Published: 2014-07-15

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 1909942014

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A century ago, as World War I got underway, the Middle East was dominated, as it had been for centuries, by the Ottoman Empire. But by 1923, its political shape had changed beyond recognition, as the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the insistent claims of Arab and Turkish nationalism and Zionism led to a redrawing of borders and shuffling of alliances—a transformation whose consequences are still felt today. This fully revised and updated second edition of Making the Modern Middle East traces those changes and the ensuing history of the region through the rest of the twentieth century and on to the present. Focusing in particular on three leaders—Emir Feisal, Mustafa Kemal, and Chaim Weizmann—the book offers a clear, authoritative account of the region seen from a transnational perspective, one that enables readers to understand its complex history and the way it affects present-day events.


Book Synopsis The Making the Modern Middle East by : T. G. Fraser

Download or read book The Making the Modern Middle East written by T. G. Fraser and published by Gingko Library. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A century ago, as World War I got underway, the Middle East was dominated, as it had been for centuries, by the Ottoman Empire. But by 1923, its political shape had changed beyond recognition, as the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the insistent claims of Arab and Turkish nationalism and Zionism led to a redrawing of borders and shuffling of alliances—a transformation whose consequences are still felt today. This fully revised and updated second edition of Making the Modern Middle East traces those changes and the ensuing history of the region through the rest of the twentieth century and on to the present. Focusing in particular on three leaders—Emir Feisal, Mustafa Kemal, and Chaim Weizmann—the book offers a clear, authoritative account of the region seen from a transnational perspective, one that enables readers to understand its complex history and the way it affects present-day events.


The Cambridge Companion to Modern Arab Culture

The Cambridge Companion to Modern Arab Culture

Author: Dwight F. Reynolds

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2015-04-02

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 0521898072

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An accessible and wide-ranging survey of modern Arab culture covering political, intellectual and social aspects.


Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to Modern Arab Culture by : Dwight F. Reynolds

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to Modern Arab Culture written by Dwight F. Reynolds and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible and wide-ranging survey of modern Arab culture covering political, intellectual and social aspects.