Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Author: Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-09

Total Pages: 38

ISBN-13: 9781726462303

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Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 EPA is issuing this direct final rule to amend the definition of heating oil in the Renewable Fuel Standard ("RFS" or "RFS2") program under section 211(o) of the Clean Air Act. This amendment will expand the scope of renewable fuels that can generate Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) as heating oil to include fuel oil produced from qualifying renewable biomass that will be used to generate heat to warm buildings or other facilities where people live, work, recreate, or conduct other activities. Fuel oils used to generate process heat, power, or other functions will not be included in the amended definition. Producers or importers of fuel oil that meets the amended definition of heating oil will be allowed to generate RINs, provided that the fuel oil meets the other requirements specified in the RFS regulations. This amendment will not modify or limit fuel included in the current definition of heating oil. EPA is also amending the requirements under EPA's diesel sulfur program related to the sulfur content of locomotive and marine diesel fuel produced by transmix processors. These amendments will allow locomotive and marine diesel fuel produced by transmix processors to meet a maximum 500 parts per million (ppm) sulfur standard provided that; the fuel is used in older technology locomotive and marine engines that do not require 15 ppm sulfur diesel fuel, the fuel is used outside of the Northeast Mid-Atlantic Area, and the fuel is kept segregated from other fuel. These amendments will provide significant regulatory relief for transmix processors while having a neutral or net positive environmental impact. EPA is also amending the fuel marker requirements for 500 ppm sulfur locomotive and marine (LM) diesel fuel to address an oversight in the original rulemaking where the regulations failed to incorporate provisions described in the rulemaking preamble to allow for solvent yellow 124 marker to transition out of the distribution system. This book contains: - The complete text of the Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section


Book Synopsis Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition) by : Law Library

Download or read book Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition) written by Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-09 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 EPA is issuing this direct final rule to amend the definition of heating oil in the Renewable Fuel Standard ("RFS" or "RFS2") program under section 211(o) of the Clean Air Act. This amendment will expand the scope of renewable fuels that can generate Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) as heating oil to include fuel oil produced from qualifying renewable biomass that will be used to generate heat to warm buildings or other facilities where people live, work, recreate, or conduct other activities. Fuel oils used to generate process heat, power, or other functions will not be included in the amended definition. Producers or importers of fuel oil that meets the amended definition of heating oil will be allowed to generate RINs, provided that the fuel oil meets the other requirements specified in the RFS regulations. This amendment will not modify or limit fuel included in the current definition of heating oil. EPA is also amending the requirements under EPA's diesel sulfur program related to the sulfur content of locomotive and marine diesel fuel produced by transmix processors. These amendments will allow locomotive and marine diesel fuel produced by transmix processors to meet a maximum 500 parts per million (ppm) sulfur standard provided that; the fuel is used in older technology locomotive and marine engines that do not require 15 ppm sulfur diesel fuel, the fuel is used outside of the Northeast Mid-Atlantic Area, and the fuel is kept segregated from other fuel. These amendments will provide significant regulatory relief for transmix processors while having a neutral or net positive environmental impact. EPA is also amending the fuel marker requirements for 500 ppm sulfur locomotive and marine (LM) diesel fuel to address an oversight in the original rulemaking where the regulations failed to incorporate provisions described in the rulemaking preamble to allow for solvent yellow 124 marker to transition out of the distribution system. This book contains: - The complete text of the Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section

Alternative Diesel Fuels

Alternative Diesel Fuels

Author: Daniel J Holt

Publisher: SAE International

Published: 2004-01-01

Total Pages: 279

ISBN-13: 0768096146

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A key topic of many technical discussions has been the development of alternative fuels to power the compression ignition engine. Reasons for this include the desire to reduce the dependency on petroleum-based fuel and, at the same time, to reduce the particulate matter (PM) and NOx emissions. Also, there has been interest generated in the diesel engine because of the reduction in greenhouse gases that has been proposed during the 2008-2012 time frame in Europe and the regulations that affect diesel engines in the United States.


Book Synopsis Alternative Diesel Fuels by : Daniel J Holt

Download or read book Alternative Diesel Fuels written by Daniel J Holt and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key topic of many technical discussions has been the development of alternative fuels to power the compression ignition engine. Reasons for this include the desire to reduce the dependency on petroleum-based fuel and, at the same time, to reduce the particulate matter (PM) and NOx emissions. Also, there has been interest generated in the diesel engine because of the reduction in greenhouse gases that has been proposed during the 2008-2012 time frame in Europe and the regulations that affect diesel engines in the United States.

EPA/420-R

EPA/420-R

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 19??

Total Pages: 142

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis EPA/420-R by :

Download or read book EPA/420-R written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled

Author:

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 57

ISBN-13: 1428902805

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Book Synopsis Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled by :

Download or read book Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transportation and Air Quality

Transportation and Air Quality

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13:

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This session contains the following paper: Air quality impacts of a regional HOV system (Purvis, class).


Book Synopsis Transportation and Air Quality by :

Download or read book Transportation and Air Quality written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This session contains the following paper: Air quality impacts of a regional HOV system (Purvis, class).

Valuing Climate Damages

Valuing Climate Damages

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-06-23

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 0309454204

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The social cost of carbon (SC-CO2) is an economic metric intended to provide a comprehensive estimate of the net damages - that is, the monetized value of the net impacts, both negative and positive - from the global climate change that results from a small (1-metric ton) increase in carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions. Under Executive Orders regarding regulatory impact analysis and as required by a court ruling, the U.S. government has since 2008 used estimates of the SC-CO2 in federal rulemakings to value the costs and benefits associated with changes in CO2 emissions. In 2010, the Interagency Working Group on the Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases (IWG) developed a methodology for estimating the SC-CO2 across a range of assumptions about future socioeconomic and physical earth systems. Valuing Climate Changes examines potential approaches, along with their relative merits and challenges, for a comprehensive update to the current methodology. This publication also recommends near- and longer-term research priorities to ensure that the SC- CO2 estimates reflect the best available science.


Book Synopsis Valuing Climate Damages by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Valuing Climate Damages written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social cost of carbon (SC-CO2) is an economic metric intended to provide a comprehensive estimate of the net damages - that is, the monetized value of the net impacts, both negative and positive - from the global climate change that results from a small (1-metric ton) increase in carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions. Under Executive Orders regarding regulatory impact analysis and as required by a court ruling, the U.S. government has since 2008 used estimates of the SC-CO2 in federal rulemakings to value the costs and benefits associated with changes in CO2 emissions. In 2010, the Interagency Working Group on the Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases (IWG) developed a methodology for estimating the SC-CO2 across a range of assumptions about future socioeconomic and physical earth systems. Valuing Climate Changes examines potential approaches, along with their relative merits and challenges, for a comprehensive update to the current methodology. This publication also recommends near- and longer-term research priorities to ensure that the SC- CO2 estimates reflect the best available science.

Transportation Energy Data Book

Transportation Energy Data Book

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1984

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Transportation Energy Data Book by :

Download or read book Transportation Energy Data Book written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biofuel Production Technologies: Critical Analysis for Sustainability

Biofuel Production Technologies: Critical Analysis for Sustainability

Author: Neha Srivastava

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-03-23

Total Pages: 349

ISBN-13: 9811386374

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Production and utilization of sustainable energy toward maintaining a clean environment is a major challenge. At the same time, the continued depletion of fossil fuels and the global dependency on non-renewable fuels is a chief concern. Moreover, the long-term economic and environmental issues associated with the high utilization of fossil fuel, such as global warming, are also important, particularly in the context of the predicted increase in the global population to around 5 billion by 2050. In recent years, researchers have been investigating alternative, renewable fuels to replace fossil fuels. Of the various options, biofuels are especially attractive due to their low production costs and the fact that they are pollution free. Also known as transportation fuels, their energy is derived from biological resources or through the biological processes. Biofuels such as biohydrogen, biomethane, biogas, ethanol and butanol offer a number of advantages and can be economically produced from cellulosic biomass. As such, they can play a vital role in sustainably meeting future energy demands. Biofuels have the potential to become a global primary energy source, offering significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions as well as opportunities to increase economic and social development in rural communities and reduce the problems associated with waste disposal. However, low yields and lack of process technology are some of the aspects that need to be addressed. This book offers an overview of existing biofuels and the technologies to solve the problems associated with their practical implementation. Evaluating the biofuel options and discussing the opportunities and risks in relation to resources, technologies, practices, markets and policy, it provides insights into the development of economically viable bioenergy industries.


Book Synopsis Biofuel Production Technologies: Critical Analysis for Sustainability by : Neha Srivastava

Download or read book Biofuel Production Technologies: Critical Analysis for Sustainability written by Neha Srivastava and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-23 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Production and utilization of sustainable energy toward maintaining a clean environment is a major challenge. At the same time, the continued depletion of fossil fuels and the global dependency on non-renewable fuels is a chief concern. Moreover, the long-term economic and environmental issues associated with the high utilization of fossil fuel, such as global warming, are also important, particularly in the context of the predicted increase in the global population to around 5 billion by 2050. In recent years, researchers have been investigating alternative, renewable fuels to replace fossil fuels. Of the various options, biofuels are especially attractive due to their low production costs and the fact that they are pollution free. Also known as transportation fuels, their energy is derived from biological resources or through the biological processes. Biofuels such as biohydrogen, biomethane, biogas, ethanol and butanol offer a number of advantages and can be economically produced from cellulosic biomass. As such, they can play a vital role in sustainably meeting future energy demands. Biofuels have the potential to become a global primary energy source, offering significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions as well as opportunities to increase economic and social development in rural communities and reduce the problems associated with waste disposal. However, low yields and lack of process technology are some of the aspects that need to be addressed. This book offers an overview of existing biofuels and the technologies to solve the problems associated with their practical implementation. Evaluating the biofuel options and discussing the opportunities and risks in relation to resources, technologies, practices, markets and policy, it provides insights into the development of economically viable bioenergy industries.

Annual Energy Outlook 2016 With Projections to 2040

Annual Energy Outlook 2016 With Projections to 2040

Author: Energy Dept., Energy Information Administration

Publisher: Government Printing Office

Published: 2017-02-15

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 9780160934827

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The Annual Energy Outlook 2016 presents long-term projections of energy supply, demand, and prices through 2040. The projections, focused on U.S. energy markets, are based on results from EIA's National Energy Modeling System which enables EIA to make projections under alternative, internally consistent sets of assumptions.


Book Synopsis Annual Energy Outlook 2016 With Projections to 2040 by : Energy Dept., Energy Information Administration

Download or read book Annual Energy Outlook 2016 With Projections to 2040 written by Energy Dept., Energy Information Administration and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Annual Energy Outlook 2016 presents long-term projections of energy supply, demand, and prices through 2040. The projections, focused on U.S. energy markets, are based on results from EIA's National Energy Modeling System which enables EIA to make projections under alternative, internally consistent sets of assumptions.

Worldwide Crude Oil Prices

Worldwide Crude Oil Prices

Author:

Publisher:

Published:

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13:

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Download or read book Worldwide Crude Oil Prices written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: