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Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Computer Science - IT-Security, grade: 1,3, Technical University of Munich (Department of Informatics), course: Seminar Securing the Linux Kernel - Features and Attack Vectors, language: English, abstract: Hardware virtualization is the core concept behind the huge success of cloud computing in the last years. Effective isolation among different virtual machines running on the same host is promised, as well as isolation from the operating system that might be present on the host itself. These barriers are necessary, as cloud computing may create a situation where both provider and customer do not trust each other: The provider wants to keep full control over their expensive server hardware and the customer may want to process sensitive data inside their virtual machine that neither the provider nor other customers are allowed to see. As such, there are several attacker models to be considered in this context, both customers and hosting providers wanting to take control over other virtual machines or the physical server itself. In this paper, we consider attacks for each of the attacker models, as well as possible mitigations. In the end, we will find that while preventing VM escapes only really depends on having secure hypervisor implementations, efforts to protect the VM from the host itself are still rather flawed.
Book Synopsis Security Issues in Hardware Virtualization by : Samuel Hopstock
Download or read book Security Issues in Hardware Virtualization written by Samuel Hopstock and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-10-05 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Computer Science - IT-Security, grade: 1,3, Technical University of Munich (Department of Informatics), course: Seminar Securing the Linux Kernel - Features and Attack Vectors, language: English, abstract: Hardware virtualization is the core concept behind the huge success of cloud computing in the last years. Effective isolation among different virtual machines running on the same host is promised, as well as isolation from the operating system that might be present on the host itself. These barriers are necessary, as cloud computing may create a situation where both provider and customer do not trust each other: The provider wants to keep full control over their expensive server hardware and the customer may want to process sensitive data inside their virtual machine that neither the provider nor other customers are allowed to see. As such, there are several attacker models to be considered in this context, both customers and hosting providers wanting to take control over other virtual machines or the physical server itself. In this paper, we consider attacks for each of the attacker models, as well as possible mitigations. In the end, we will find that while preventing VM escapes only really depends on having secure hypervisor implementations, efforts to protect the VM from the host itself are still rather flawed.
The purpose of SP 800-125 is to discuss the security concerns associated with full virtualization technologies for server and desktop virtualization, and to provide recommendations for addressing these concerns. Full virtualization technologies run one or more operating systems and their applications on top of virtual hardware. Full virtualization is used for operational efficiency, such as in cloud computing, and for allowing users to run applications for multiple operating systems on a single computer.
Book Synopsis Guide to Security for Full Virtualization Technologies by : K. A. Scarfone
Download or read book Guide to Security for Full Virtualization Technologies written by K. A. Scarfone and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of SP 800-125 is to discuss the security concerns associated with full virtualization technologies for server and desktop virtualization, and to provide recommendations for addressing these concerns. Full virtualization technologies run one or more operating systems and their applications on top of virtual hardware. Full virtualization is used for operational efficiency, such as in cloud computing, and for allowing users to run applications for multiple operating systems on a single computer.
This book focuses on the core question of the necessary architectural support provided by hardware to efficiently run virtual machines, and of the corresponding design of the hypervisors that run them. Virtualization is still possible when the instruction set architecture lacks such support, but the hypervisor remains more complex and must rely on additional techniques. Despite the focus on architectural support in current architectures, some historical perspective is necessary to appropriately frame the problem. The first half of the book provides the historical perspective of the theoretical framework developed four decades ago by Popek and Goldberg. It also describes earlier systems that enabled virtualization despite the lack of architectural support in hardware. As is often the case, theory defines a necessary—but not sufficient—set of features, and modern architectures are the result of the combination of the theoretical framework with insights derived from practical systems. The second half of the book describes state-of-the-art support for virtualization in both x86-64 and ARM processors. This book includes an in-depth description of the CPU, memory, and I/O virtualization of these two processor architectures, as well as case studies on the Linux/KVM, VMware, and Xen hypervisors. It concludes with a performance comparison of virtualization on current-generation x86- and ARM-based systems across multiple hypervisors.
Book Synopsis Hardware and Software Support for Virtualization by : Edouard Bugnion
Download or read book Hardware and Software Support for Virtualization written by Edouard Bugnion and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the core question of the necessary architectural support provided by hardware to efficiently run virtual machines, and of the corresponding design of the hypervisors that run them. Virtualization is still possible when the instruction set architecture lacks such support, but the hypervisor remains more complex and must rely on additional techniques. Despite the focus on architectural support in current architectures, some historical perspective is necessary to appropriately frame the problem. The first half of the book provides the historical perspective of the theoretical framework developed four decades ago by Popek and Goldberg. It also describes earlier systems that enabled virtualization despite the lack of architectural support in hardware. As is often the case, theory defines a necessary—but not sufficient—set of features, and modern architectures are the result of the combination of the theoretical framework with insights derived from practical systems. The second half of the book describes state-of-the-art support for virtualization in both x86-64 and ARM processors. This book includes an in-depth description of the CPU, memory, and I/O virtualization of these two processor architectures, as well as case studies on the Linux/KVM, VMware, and Xen hypervisors. It concludes with a performance comparison of virtualization on current-generation x86- and ARM-based systems across multiple hypervisors.
One of the biggest buzzwords in the IT industry for the past few years, virtualization has matured into a practical requirement for many best-practice business scenarios, becoming an invaluable tool for security professionals at companies of every size. In addition to saving time and other resources, virtualization affords unprecedented means for intrusion and malware detection, prevention, recovery, and analysis. Taking a practical approach in a growing market underserved by books, this hands-on title is the first to combine in one place the most important and sought-after uses of virtualization for enhanced security, including sandboxing, disaster recovery and high availability, forensic analysis, and honeypotting. Already gaining buzz and traction in actual usage at an impressive rate, Gartner research indicates that virtualization will be the most significant trend in IT infrastructure and operations over the next four years. A recent report by IT research firm IDC predicts the virtualization services market will grow from $5.5 billion in 2006 to $11.7 billion in 2011. With this growth in adoption, becoming increasingly common even for small and midsize businesses, security is becoming a much more serious concern, both in terms of how to secure virtualization and how virtualization can serve critical security objectives. Titles exist and are on the way to fill the need for securing virtualization, but security professionals do not yet have a book outlining the many security applications of virtualization that will become increasingly important in their job requirements. This book is the first to fill that need, covering tactics such as isolating a virtual environment on the desktop for application testing, creating virtualized storage solutions for immediate disaster recovery and high availability across a network, migrating physical systems to virtual systems for analysis, and creating complete virtual systems to entice hackers and expose potential threats to actual production systems. About the Technologies A sandbox is an isolated environment created to run and test applications that might be a security risk. Recovering a compromised system is as easy as restarting the virtual machine to revert to the point before failure. Employing virtualization on actual production systems, rather than just test environments, yields similar benefits for disaster recovery and high availability. While traditional disaster recovery methods require time-consuming reinstallation of the operating system and applications before restoring data, backing up to a virtual machine makes the recovery process much easier, faster, and efficient. The virtual machine can be restored to same physical machine or an entirely different machine if the original machine has experienced irreparable hardware failure. Decreased downtime translates into higher availability of the system and increased productivity in the enterprise. Virtualization has been used for years in the field of forensic analysis, but new tools, techniques, and automation capabilities are making it an increasingly important tool. By means of virtualization, an investigator can create an exact working copy of a physical computer on another machine, including hidden or encrypted partitions, without altering any data, allowing complete access for analysis. The investigator can also take a live ?snapshot? to review or freeze the target computer at any point in time, before an attacker has a chance to cover his tracks or inflict further damage.
Book Synopsis Virtualization for Security by : John Hoopes
Download or read book Virtualization for Security written by John Hoopes and published by Syngress. This book was released on 2009-02-24 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the biggest buzzwords in the IT industry for the past few years, virtualization has matured into a practical requirement for many best-practice business scenarios, becoming an invaluable tool for security professionals at companies of every size. In addition to saving time and other resources, virtualization affords unprecedented means for intrusion and malware detection, prevention, recovery, and analysis. Taking a practical approach in a growing market underserved by books, this hands-on title is the first to combine in one place the most important and sought-after uses of virtualization for enhanced security, including sandboxing, disaster recovery and high availability, forensic analysis, and honeypotting. Already gaining buzz and traction in actual usage at an impressive rate, Gartner research indicates that virtualization will be the most significant trend in IT infrastructure and operations over the next four years. A recent report by IT research firm IDC predicts the virtualization services market will grow from $5.5 billion in 2006 to $11.7 billion in 2011. With this growth in adoption, becoming increasingly common even for small and midsize businesses, security is becoming a much more serious concern, both in terms of how to secure virtualization and how virtualization can serve critical security objectives. Titles exist and are on the way to fill the need for securing virtualization, but security professionals do not yet have a book outlining the many security applications of virtualization that will become increasingly important in their job requirements. This book is the first to fill that need, covering tactics such as isolating a virtual environment on the desktop for application testing, creating virtualized storage solutions for immediate disaster recovery and high availability across a network, migrating physical systems to virtual systems for analysis, and creating complete virtual systems to entice hackers and expose potential threats to actual production systems. About the Technologies A sandbox is an isolated environment created to run and test applications that might be a security risk. Recovering a compromised system is as easy as restarting the virtual machine to revert to the point before failure. Employing virtualization on actual production systems, rather than just test environments, yields similar benefits for disaster recovery and high availability. While traditional disaster recovery methods require time-consuming reinstallation of the operating system and applications before restoring data, backing up to a virtual machine makes the recovery process much easier, faster, and efficient. The virtual machine can be restored to same physical machine or an entirely different machine if the original machine has experienced irreparable hardware failure. Decreased downtime translates into higher availability of the system and increased productivity in the enterprise. Virtualization has been used for years in the field of forensic analysis, but new tools, techniques, and automation capabilities are making it an increasingly important tool. By means of virtualization, an investigator can create an exact working copy of a physical computer on another machine, including hidden or encrypted partitions, without altering any data, allowing complete access for analysis. The investigator can also take a live ?snapshot? to review or freeze the target computer at any point in time, before an attacker has a chance to cover his tracks or inflict further damage.
The DISASTER RECOVERY/VIRTUALIZATION SECURITY SERIES is comprised of two books that are designed to fortify disaster recovery preparation and virtualization technology knowledge of information security students, system administrators, systems engineers, enterprise system architects, and any IT professional who is concerned about the integrity of their network infrastructure. Topics include disaster recovery planning, risk control policies and countermeasures, disaster recovery tools and services, and virtualization principles. The series when used in its entirety helps prepare readers to take and succeed on the E|CDR and E|CVT, Disaster Recovery and Virtualization Technology certification exam from EC-Council. The EC-Council Certified Disaster Recovery and Virtualization Technology professional will have a better understanding of how to set up disaster recovery plans using traditional and virtual technologies to ensure business continuity in the event of a disaster. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.
Book Synopsis Virtualization Security by : EC-Council
Download or read book Virtualization Security written by EC-Council and published by Cengage Learning. This book was released on 2010-06-23 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DISASTER RECOVERY/VIRTUALIZATION SECURITY SERIES is comprised of two books that are designed to fortify disaster recovery preparation and virtualization technology knowledge of information security students, system administrators, systems engineers, enterprise system architects, and any IT professional who is concerned about the integrity of their network infrastructure. Topics include disaster recovery planning, risk control policies and countermeasures, disaster recovery tools and services, and virtualization principles. The series when used in its entirety helps prepare readers to take and succeed on the E|CDR and E|CVT, Disaster Recovery and Virtualization Technology certification exam from EC-Council. The EC-Council Certified Disaster Recovery and Virtualization Technology professional will have a better understanding of how to set up disaster recovery plans using traditional and virtual technologies to ensure business continuity in the event of a disaster. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.
The software and networking industry is experiencing a rapid development and deployment of Network Functions Visualization (NFV) technology, in both enterprise and cloud data center networks. One of the primary reasons for this technological trend is that NFV has the capability to reduce CAPEX and OPEX, whilst increasing networking service efficiency, performance, agility, scalability, and resource utilization. Despite such well-recognized benefits, security remains a major concern of network service providers and seriously impedes the further expansion of NFV. This book is therefore dedicated to investigating and exploring the potential security issues of NFV. It contains three major elements: a thorough overview of the NFV framework and architecture, a comprehensive threat analysis aiming to establish a layer-specific threat taxonomy for NFV enabled networking services, and a series of comparative studies of security best practices in traditional networking scenarios and in NFV, ultimately leading to a set of recommendations on security countermeasures in NFV. This book is primarily intended for engineers, engineering students and researchers and those with an interest in the field of networks and telecommunications (architectures, protocols, services) in general, and particularly software-defined network (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV)-based security services. Extensively studies security issues in NFV Presents a basis or guideline for both academia researchers and industry practitioners to work together to achieve secure and dependable lifecycle management of NFV based network services
Book Synopsis Security in Network Functions Virtualization by : Zonghua Zhang
Download or read book Security in Network Functions Virtualization written by Zonghua Zhang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-11-20 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The software and networking industry is experiencing a rapid development and deployment of Network Functions Visualization (NFV) technology, in both enterprise and cloud data center networks. One of the primary reasons for this technological trend is that NFV has the capability to reduce CAPEX and OPEX, whilst increasing networking service efficiency, performance, agility, scalability, and resource utilization. Despite such well-recognized benefits, security remains a major concern of network service providers and seriously impedes the further expansion of NFV. This book is therefore dedicated to investigating and exploring the potential security issues of NFV. It contains three major elements: a thorough overview of the NFV framework and architecture, a comprehensive threat analysis aiming to establish a layer-specific threat taxonomy for NFV enabled networking services, and a series of comparative studies of security best practices in traditional networking scenarios and in NFV, ultimately leading to a set of recommendations on security countermeasures in NFV. This book is primarily intended for engineers, engineering students and researchers and those with an interest in the field of networks and telecommunications (architectures, protocols, services) in general, and particularly software-defined network (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV)-based security services. Extensively studies security issues in NFV Presents a basis or guideline for both academia researchers and industry practitioners to work together to achieve secure and dependable lifecycle management of NFV based network services
Front Cover; Dedication; Embedded Systems Security: Practical Methods for Safe and Secure Softwareand Systems Development; Copyright; Contents; Foreword; Preface; About this Book; Audience; Organization; Approach; Acknowledgements; Chapter 1 -- Introduction to Embedded Systems Security; 1.1What is Security?; 1.2What is an Embedded System?; 1.3Embedded Security Trends; 1.4Security Policies; 1.5Security Threats; 1.6Wrap-up; 1.7Key Points; 1.8 Bibliography and Notes; Chapter 2 -- Systems Software Considerations; 2.1The Role of the Operating System; 2.2Multiple Independent Levels of Security.
Book Synopsis Embedded Systems Security by : David Kleidermacher
Download or read book Embedded Systems Security written by David Kleidermacher and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-03-16 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Front Cover; Dedication; Embedded Systems Security: Practical Methods for Safe and Secure Softwareand Systems Development; Copyright; Contents; Foreword; Preface; About this Book; Audience; Organization; Approach; Acknowledgements; Chapter 1 -- Introduction to Embedded Systems Security; 1.1What is Security?; 1.2What is an Embedded System?; 1.3Embedded Security Trends; 1.4Security Policies; 1.5Security Threats; 1.6Wrap-up; 1.7Key Points; 1.8 Bibliography and Notes; Chapter 2 -- Systems Software Considerations; 2.1The Role of the Operating System; 2.2Multiple Independent Levels of Security.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Security in Computer Networks and Distributed Systems, SNDS 2014, held in Trivandrum, India, in March 2014. The 32 revised full papers presented together with 9 short papers and 8 workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 129 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on security and privacy in networked systems; multimedia security; cryptosystems, algorithms, primitives; system and network security; short papers. The workshop papers were presented at the following workshops: Second International Workshop on Security in Self-Organising Networks (Self Net 2014); Workshop on Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Cryptology and Information Security (CIS 2014); Second International Workshop on Trust and Privacy in Cyberspace (Cyber Trust 2014).
Book Synopsis Recent Trends in Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Security by : Gregorio Martinez Perez
Download or read book Recent Trends in Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Security written by Gregorio Martinez Perez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-02-07 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Security in Computer Networks and Distributed Systems, SNDS 2014, held in Trivandrum, India, in March 2014. The 32 revised full papers presented together with 9 short papers and 8 workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 129 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on security and privacy in networked systems; multimedia security; cryptosystems, algorithms, primitives; system and network security; short papers. The workshop papers were presented at the following workshops: Second International Workshop on Security in Self-Organising Networks (Self Net 2014); Workshop on Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Cryptology and Information Security (CIS 2014); Second International Workshop on Trust and Privacy in Cyberspace (Cyber Trust 2014).
Virtualization and Forensics: A Digital Forensic Investigators Guide to Virtual Environments offers an in-depth view into the world of virtualized environments and the implications they have on forensic investigations. Named a 2011 Best Digital Forensics Book by InfoSec Reviews, this guide gives you the end-to-end knowledge needed to identify server, desktop, and portable virtual environments, including: VMware, Parallels, Microsoft, and Sun. It covers technological advances in virtualization tools, methods, and issues in digital forensic investigations, and explores trends and emerging technologies surrounding virtualization technology. This book consists of three parts. Part I explains the process of virtualization and the different types of virtualized environments. Part II details how virtualization interacts with the basic forensic process, describing the methods used to find virtualization artifacts in dead and live environments as well as identifying the virtual activities that affect the examination process. Part III addresses advanced virtualization issues, such as the challenges of virtualized environments, cloud computing, and the future of virtualization. This book will be a valuable resource for forensic investigators (corporate and law enforcement) and incident response professionals. Named a 2011 Best Digital Forensics Book by InfoSec Reviews Gives you the end-to-end knowledge needed to identify server, desktop, and portable virtual environments, including: VMware, Parallels, Microsoft, and Sun Covers technological advances in virtualization tools, methods, and issues in digital forensic investigations Explores trends and emerging technologies surrounding virtualization technology
Book Synopsis Virtualization and Forensics by : Diane Barrett
Download or read book Virtualization and Forensics written by Diane Barrett and published by Syngress. This book was released on 2010-08-06 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virtualization and Forensics: A Digital Forensic Investigators Guide to Virtual Environments offers an in-depth view into the world of virtualized environments and the implications they have on forensic investigations. Named a 2011 Best Digital Forensics Book by InfoSec Reviews, this guide gives you the end-to-end knowledge needed to identify server, desktop, and portable virtual environments, including: VMware, Parallels, Microsoft, and Sun. It covers technological advances in virtualization tools, methods, and issues in digital forensic investigations, and explores trends and emerging technologies surrounding virtualization technology. This book consists of three parts. Part I explains the process of virtualization and the different types of virtualized environments. Part II details how virtualization interacts with the basic forensic process, describing the methods used to find virtualization artifacts in dead and live environments as well as identifying the virtual activities that affect the examination process. Part III addresses advanced virtualization issues, such as the challenges of virtualized environments, cloud computing, and the future of virtualization. This book will be a valuable resource for forensic investigators (corporate and law enforcement) and incident response professionals. Named a 2011 Best Digital Forensics Book by InfoSec Reviews Gives you the end-to-end knowledge needed to identify server, desktop, and portable virtual environments, including: VMware, Parallels, Microsoft, and Sun Covers technological advances in virtualization tools, methods, and issues in digital forensic investigations Explores trends and emerging technologies surrounding virtualization technology
Securing virtual environments for VMware, Citrix, and Microsoft hypervisors Virtualization changes the playing field when it comes to security. There are new attack vectors, new operational patterns and complexity, and changes in IT architecture and deployment life cycles. What's more, the technologies, best practices, and strategies used for securing physical environments do not provide sufficient protection for virtual environments. This book includes step-by-step configurations for the security controls that come with the three leading hypervisor--VMware vSphere and ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V on Windows Server 2008, and Citrix XenServer. Includes strategy for securely implementing network policies and integrating virtual networks into the existing physical infrastructure Discusses vSphere and Hyper-V native virtual switches as well as the Cisco Nexus 1000v and Open vSwitch switches Offers effective practices for securing virtual machines without creating additional operational overhead for administrators Contains methods for integrating virtualization into existing workflows and creating new policies and processes for change and configuration management so that virtualization can help make these critical operations processes more effective This must-have resource offers tips and tricks for improving disaster recovery and business continuity, security-specific scripts, and examples of how Virtual Desktop Infrastructure benefits security.
Book Synopsis Virtualization Security by : Dave Shackleford
Download or read book Virtualization Security written by Dave Shackleford and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-08 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Securing virtual environments for VMware, Citrix, and Microsoft hypervisors Virtualization changes the playing field when it comes to security. There are new attack vectors, new operational patterns and complexity, and changes in IT architecture and deployment life cycles. What's more, the technologies, best practices, and strategies used for securing physical environments do not provide sufficient protection for virtual environments. This book includes step-by-step configurations for the security controls that come with the three leading hypervisor--VMware vSphere and ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V on Windows Server 2008, and Citrix XenServer. Includes strategy for securely implementing network policies and integrating virtual networks into the existing physical infrastructure Discusses vSphere and Hyper-V native virtual switches as well as the Cisco Nexus 1000v and Open vSwitch switches Offers effective practices for securing virtual machines without creating additional operational overhead for administrators Contains methods for integrating virtualization into existing workflows and creating new policies and processes for change and configuration management so that virtualization can help make these critical operations processes more effective This must-have resource offers tips and tricks for improving disaster recovery and business continuity, security-specific scripts, and examples of how Virtual Desktop Infrastructure benefits security.
