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There has been a great deal of speculation and prognostication about the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The project’s name suggests it is intended to be an ‘economic corridor’ connecting Pakistan overland with China’s Xinjiang province. This book examines whether CPEC’s primary purpose is as an overland conduit for trade and economic cooperation between China and Pakistan. The key finding is that aims related to regional geopolitics and internal security have, in reality, a more significant impact. The book demonstrates that China’s goals in Pakistan are primarily geopolitical rather than geo-economic, since the notion of constructing an economic and transportation ‘corridor’ between Pakistan and China is logistically and economically problematic due to a range of foreseeable problems. Most importantly, border disputes with India and the containment of domestic separatism motivate are the driving forces for cooperation between the partners. This book will be of interest to scholars who research the BRI, as well as policy makers.
Book Synopsis Reconfiguring the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor by : Jeremy Garlick
Download or read book Reconfiguring the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor written by Jeremy Garlick and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-28 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a great deal of speculation and prognostication about the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The project’s name suggests it is intended to be an ‘economic corridor’ connecting Pakistan overland with China’s Xinjiang province. This book examines whether CPEC’s primary purpose is as an overland conduit for trade and economic cooperation between China and Pakistan. The key finding is that aims related to regional geopolitics and internal security have, in reality, a more significant impact. The book demonstrates that China’s goals in Pakistan are primarily geopolitical rather than geo-economic, since the notion of constructing an economic and transportation ‘corridor’ between Pakistan and China is logistically and economically problematic due to a range of foreseeable problems. Most importantly, border disputes with India and the containment of domestic separatism motivate are the driving forces for cooperation between the partners. This book will be of interest to scholars who research the BRI, as well as policy makers.
"This book analyses the strategic and economic significance of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), with a particular focus on the region of Balochistan. Given the history of multiple insurgencies that the Pakistani Military has confronted in Balochistan, the book examines the region's intricate conflict ecosystem and security landscape, which poses potential threats to the CPEC. Structured chronologically, the book traces the evolution of the Pakistani Army's counterinsurgency practices inherited in 1947 from the British Indian Army's culture of fighting small wars through to the contemporary counterinsurgency (COIN) adaptation in the 'war on terror', and afterwards, to the fifth round of the Balochistan insurgency. The analysis centres on the development of counterinsurgency theory and practice by the Pakistani Army. It empirically investigates the efficacy of the COIN strategy in Balochistan. The author argues that the approach significantly changed after conceptualising the doctrine, especially from 2016 onwards, from 'butcher and bolt' to the inclusion of critical components like political primacy, affect-based and focused use of force, 'winning hearts and minds' and rules of engagement. As a result, there was reduced violence and an increased number of insurgent surrenders. The book concludes that the Pakistani Army has largely controlled the insurgency in Balochistan. However, simultaneously, there is an urgent need to reduce tangible support to the insurgents through porous borders and implement an effective strategy to sever the nexus between the Islamic State of Khorasan (ISKP) and the Baloch insurgent organisations, as well as the sectarian militant organisations in Balochistan province. This is crucial to ending the insurgency and ensuring the security of CPEC. A novel contribution to the study of counterinsurgency and the importance of CPEC to China's foreign policy and diplomacy, as well as its effects on the conflict dynamics in Balochistan, the book will be of interest to researchers studying War and Conflict Studies, Terrorism Studies, International Relations, Security and Strategic Studies, and South Asian and Chinese Studies"--
Book Synopsis Security of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) by : Khurram Shahzad Siddiqui
Download or read book Security of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) written by Khurram Shahzad Siddiqui and published by Taylor & Francis Group. This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book analyses the strategic and economic significance of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), with a particular focus on the region of Balochistan. Given the history of multiple insurgencies that the Pakistani Military has confronted in Balochistan, the book examines the region's intricate conflict ecosystem and security landscape, which poses potential threats to the CPEC. Structured chronologically, the book traces the evolution of the Pakistani Army's counterinsurgency practices inherited in 1947 from the British Indian Army's culture of fighting small wars through to the contemporary counterinsurgency (COIN) adaptation in the 'war on terror', and afterwards, to the fifth round of the Balochistan insurgency. The analysis centres on the development of counterinsurgency theory and practice by the Pakistani Army. It empirically investigates the efficacy of the COIN strategy in Balochistan. The author argues that the approach significantly changed after conceptualising the doctrine, especially from 2016 onwards, from 'butcher and bolt' to the inclusion of critical components like political primacy, affect-based and focused use of force, 'winning hearts and minds' and rules of engagement. As a result, there was reduced violence and an increased number of insurgent surrenders. The book concludes that the Pakistani Army has largely controlled the insurgency in Balochistan. However, simultaneously, there is an urgent need to reduce tangible support to the insurgents through porous borders and implement an effective strategy to sever the nexus between the Islamic State of Khorasan (ISKP) and the Baloch insurgent organisations, as well as the sectarian militant organisations in Balochistan province. This is crucial to ending the insurgency and ensuring the security of CPEC. A novel contribution to the study of counterinsurgency and the importance of CPEC to China's foreign policy and diplomacy, as well as its effects on the conflict dynamics in Balochistan, the book will be of interest to researchers studying War and Conflict Studies, Terrorism Studies, International Relations, Security and Strategic Studies, and South Asian and Chinese Studies"--
This book focuses on the implementation of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a multi-billion-dollar infrastructure development project intended to connect Asia with Europe, the Middle East and Africa. By introducing a new analytical approach to the study of economic corridors, it gauges the anticipated economic and geopolitical impacts on the region and discusses whether the CPEC will serve as a pioneer project for future regional cooperation between and integration of sub-national regions such as Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and Gilgit-Baltistan. Further, it explores the interests, expectations and policy approaches of both Chinese and Pakistani local and central governments with regard to the CPEC’s implementation. Given its scope, the book will appeal to regional and spatial sciences scholars, as well as social scientists interested in the regional impacts of economic corridors. It also offers valuable information for policymakers in countries participating in the Belt-and-Road Initiative or other Chinese-supported development projects.
Book Synopsis The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor of the Belt and Road Initiative by : Siegfried O. Wolf
Download or read book The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor of the Belt and Road Initiative written by Siegfried O. Wolf and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the implementation of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a multi-billion-dollar infrastructure development project intended to connect Asia with Europe, the Middle East and Africa. By introducing a new analytical approach to the study of economic corridors, it gauges the anticipated economic and geopolitical impacts on the region and discusses whether the CPEC will serve as a pioneer project for future regional cooperation between and integration of sub-national regions such as Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and Gilgit-Baltistan. Further, it explores the interests, expectations and policy approaches of both Chinese and Pakistani local and central governments with regard to the CPEC’s implementation. Given its scope, the book will appeal to regional and spatial sciences scholars, as well as social scientists interested in the regional impacts of economic corridors. It also offers valuable information for policymakers in countries participating in the Belt-and-Road Initiative or other Chinese-supported development projects.
The global implications of China's rise as a global actor In 2005, a senior official in the George W. Bush administration expressed the hope that China would emerge as a “responsible stakeholder” on the world stage. A dozen years later, the Trump administration dramatically shifted course, instead calling China a “strategic competitor” whose actions routinely threaten U.S. interests. Both assessments reflected an underlying truth: China is no longer just a “rising” power. It has emerged as a truly global actor, both economically and militarily. Every day its actions affect nearly every region and every major issue, from climate change to trade, from conflict in troubled lands to competition over rules that will govern the uses of emerging technologies. To better address the implications of China's new status, both for American policy and for the broader international order, Brookings scholars conducted research over the past two years, culminating in a project: Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World. The project is intended to furnish policy makers and the public with hard facts and deep insights for understanding China's regional and global ambitions. The initiative draws not only on Brookings's deep bench of China and East Asia experts, but also on the tremendous breadth of the institution's security, strategy, regional studies, technological, and economic development experts. Areas of focus include the evolution of China's domestic institutions; great power relations; the emergence of critical technologies; Asian security; China's influence in key regions beyond Asia; and China's impact on global governance and norms. Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World provides the most current, broad-scope, and fact-based assessment of the implications of China's rise for the United States and the rest of the world.
Book Synopsis Global China by : Tarun Chhabra
Download or read book Global China written by Tarun Chhabra and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-06-22 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global implications of China's rise as a global actor In 2005, a senior official in the George W. Bush administration expressed the hope that China would emerge as a “responsible stakeholder” on the world stage. A dozen years later, the Trump administration dramatically shifted course, instead calling China a “strategic competitor” whose actions routinely threaten U.S. interests. Both assessments reflected an underlying truth: China is no longer just a “rising” power. It has emerged as a truly global actor, both economically and militarily. Every day its actions affect nearly every region and every major issue, from climate change to trade, from conflict in troubled lands to competition over rules that will govern the uses of emerging technologies. To better address the implications of China's new status, both for American policy and for the broader international order, Brookings scholars conducted research over the past two years, culminating in a project: Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World. The project is intended to furnish policy makers and the public with hard facts and deep insights for understanding China's regional and global ambitions. The initiative draws not only on Brookings's deep bench of China and East Asia experts, but also on the tremendous breadth of the institution's security, strategy, regional studies, technological, and economic development experts. Areas of focus include the evolution of China's domestic institutions; great power relations; the emergence of critical technologies; Asian security; China's influence in key regions beyond Asia; and China's impact on global governance and norms. Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World provides the most current, broad-scope, and fact-based assessment of the implications of China's rise for the United States and the rest of the world.
China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is the flagship project of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) which envisages economic growth and development in Pakistan. This corridor faces some challenges especially related to its security. The first and foremost security challenge it has is nonetheless related to the Indian factor due to multiple reasons. The question arises that what are the dominant causes and sequence of processes of domestic resistance to CPEC in Baluchistan and other key areas of conflict around the project? This paper argues that New Delhi has always supported the insurgent group in Balochistan to interrupt this key project mainly to counterbalance the growing influence of China and destabilize Pakistan's economic growth. Previously India has been involved in various mysterious activities in Baluchistan such as supporting terrorist for killing and kidnapping of Pakistani and Chinese workers. Furthermore, the paper argues that weak domestic policies of Pakistan also encouraged and gave space to insurgent group to conduct such activities. Islamabad needs to strengthen the political Institutions and, should use the advanced method of intelligence gathering and sharing to secure CPEC.
Book Synopsis China Pakistan Economic Corridor by : Rahat Shah
Download or read book China Pakistan Economic Corridor written by Rahat Shah and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is the flagship project of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) which envisages economic growth and development in Pakistan. This corridor faces some challenges especially related to its security. The first and foremost security challenge it has is nonetheless related to the Indian factor due to multiple reasons. The question arises that what are the dominant causes and sequence of processes of domestic resistance to CPEC in Baluchistan and other key areas of conflict around the project? This paper argues that New Delhi has always supported the insurgent group in Balochistan to interrupt this key project mainly to counterbalance the growing influence of China and destabilize Pakistan's economic growth. Previously India has been involved in various mysterious activities in Baluchistan such as supporting terrorist for killing and kidnapping of Pakistani and Chinese workers. Furthermore, the paper argues that weak domestic policies of Pakistan also encouraged and gave space to insurgent group to conduct such activities. Islamabad needs to strengthen the political Institutions and, should use the advanced method of intelligence gathering and sharing to secure CPEC.
This book analyses the strategic and economic significance of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), with a particular focus on the region of Balochistan. Given the history of multiple insurgencies that the Pakistani Military has confronted in Balochistan, the book examines the region's intricate conflict ecosystem and security landscape, which poses potential threats to the CPEC. Structured chronologically, the book traces the evolution of the Pakistani Army's counterinsurgency practices inherited in 1947 from the British Indian Army's culture of fighting small wars through to the contemporary counterinsurgency (COIN) adaptation in the ‘war on terror’, and afterwards, to the fifth round of the Balochistan insurgency. The analysis centres on the development of counterinsurgency theory and practice by the Pakistani Army. It empirically investigates the efficacy of the COIN strategy in Balochistan. The author argues that the approach significantly changed after conceptualising the doctrine, especially from 2016 onwards, from ‘butcher and bolt’ to the inclusion of critical components like political primacy, affect-based and focused use of force, ‘winning hearts and minds’ and rules of engagement. As a result, there was reduced violence and an increased number of insurgent surrenders. The book concludes that the Pakistani Army has largely controlled the insurgency in Balochistan. However, simultaneously, there is an urgent need to reduce tangible support to the insurgents through porous borders and implement an effective strategy to sever the nexus between the Islamic State of Khorasan (ISKP) and the Baloch insurgent organisations, as well as the sectarian militant organisations in Balochistan province. This is crucial to ending the insurgency and ensuring the security of CPEC. A novel contribution to the study of counterinsurgency and the importance of CPEC to China’s foreign policy and diplomacy, as well as its effects on the conflict dynamics in Balochistan, the book will be of interest to researchers studying War and Conflict Studies, Terrorism Studies, International Relations, Security and Strategic Studies, and South Asian and Chinese Studies.
Book Synopsis Security of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) by : Khurram Shahzad Siddiqui
Download or read book Security of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) written by Khurram Shahzad Siddiqui and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-11-17 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the strategic and economic significance of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), with a particular focus on the region of Balochistan. Given the history of multiple insurgencies that the Pakistani Military has confronted in Balochistan, the book examines the region's intricate conflict ecosystem and security landscape, which poses potential threats to the CPEC. Structured chronologically, the book traces the evolution of the Pakistani Army's counterinsurgency practices inherited in 1947 from the British Indian Army's culture of fighting small wars through to the contemporary counterinsurgency (COIN) adaptation in the ‘war on terror’, and afterwards, to the fifth round of the Balochistan insurgency. The analysis centres on the development of counterinsurgency theory and practice by the Pakistani Army. It empirically investigates the efficacy of the COIN strategy in Balochistan. The author argues that the approach significantly changed after conceptualising the doctrine, especially from 2016 onwards, from ‘butcher and bolt’ to the inclusion of critical components like political primacy, affect-based and focused use of force, ‘winning hearts and minds’ and rules of engagement. As a result, there was reduced violence and an increased number of insurgent surrenders. The book concludes that the Pakistani Army has largely controlled the insurgency in Balochistan. However, simultaneously, there is an urgent need to reduce tangible support to the insurgents through porous borders and implement an effective strategy to sever the nexus between the Islamic State of Khorasan (ISKP) and the Baloch insurgent organisations, as well as the sectarian militant organisations in Balochistan province. This is crucial to ending the insurgency and ensuring the security of CPEC. A novel contribution to the study of counterinsurgency and the importance of CPEC to China’s foreign policy and diplomacy, as well as its effects on the conflict dynamics in Balochistan, the book will be of interest to researchers studying War and Conflict Studies, Terrorism Studies, International Relations, Security and Strategic Studies, and South Asian and Chinese Studies.
There has been a great deal of speculation and prognostication about the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The project's name suggests it is intended to be an 'economic corridor' connecting Pakistan overland with China's Xinjiang province. This book examines whether CPEC's primary purpose is as an overland conduit for trade and economic cooperation between China and Pakistan. The key finding is that aims related to regional geopolitics and internal security have, in reality, a more significant impact. The book demonstrates that China's goals in Pakistan are primarily geopolitical rather than geo-economic, since the notion of constructing an economic and transportation 'corridor' between Pakistan and China is logistically and economically problematic due to a range of foreseeable problems. Most importantly, border disputes with India and the containment of domestic separatism motivate are the driving forces for cooperation between the partners. This book will be of interest to scholars who research on BRI and policy makers.
Book Synopsis Reconfiguring the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor by : JEREMY. GARLICK
Download or read book Reconfiguring the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor written by JEREMY. GARLICK and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a great deal of speculation and prognostication about the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The project's name suggests it is intended to be an 'economic corridor' connecting Pakistan overland with China's Xinjiang province. This book examines whether CPEC's primary purpose is as an overland conduit for trade and economic cooperation between China and Pakistan. The key finding is that aims related to regional geopolitics and internal security have, in reality, a more significant impact. The book demonstrates that China's goals in Pakistan are primarily geopolitical rather than geo-economic, since the notion of constructing an economic and transportation 'corridor' between Pakistan and China is logistically and economically problematic due to a range of foreseeable problems. Most importantly, border disputes with India and the containment of domestic separatism motivate are the driving forces for cooperation between the partners. This book will be of interest to scholars who research on BRI and policy makers.
Bringing together a collection of interdisciplinary chapters on China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), this book offers a comprehensive overview of the topic from a business and management perspective. With a focus on the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), Volume II provides theoretical and empirical analyses of the opportunities and challenges facing businesses. With contributions covering economics, agriculture, energy, value chain, ethics, governance, and security, this collection is a useful tool for academics as well as policy-makers and practitioners in China, Pakistan, and other countries along the new Silk Road.
Book Synopsis China’s Belt and Road Initiative in a Global Context by : Jawad Syed
Download or read book China’s Belt and Road Initiative in a Global Context written by Jawad Syed and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-30 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together a collection of interdisciplinary chapters on China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), this book offers a comprehensive overview of the topic from a business and management perspective. With a focus on the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), Volume II provides theoretical and empirical analyses of the opportunities and challenges facing businesses. With contributions covering economics, agriculture, energy, value chain, ethics, governance, and security, this collection is a useful tool for academics as well as policy-makers and practitioners in China, Pakistan, and other countries along the new Silk Road.
China portrays the Belt and Road Initiative - an interconnected network of rail lines, oil and gas pipelines, roads, bridges, and port facilities designed to connect China with Central Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Europe - as an effort aimed at regional economic integration with win-win outcomes for every country involved. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is the flagship project of the Belt and Road Initiative, consisting of rail lines, fiber optic cables, power plants, and the Gwadar Port facility. CPEC provides the most tangible infrastructure projects to evaluate. Critics argue that it is a Chinese neocolonial effort to exert Chinese influence and increase Chinese power globally, burdening poor and developing countries with dangerous amounts of debt. Chinese internal and external security concerns, such as violence in Xinjiang and the perceived "Malacca Dilemma," are also discussed as important drivers for the Belt and Road Initiative and CPEC. This thesis examines both economic and security arguments to address the question: What is the primary driver for China's Belt and Road Initiative and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor? The research shows that security is the primary driver for these projects. Economic considerations and benefits are also important to Chinese leaders, but security considerations trump economic ones.What drives China's Belt and Road Initiative? Is it economic, driven by China's desire and need to continue economic growth? Or is the BRI driven by China's need to maintain a firm grip on the southwestern provinces and perceived external security threats? Examining where China invests for these projects gives insights to the motivations. If the BRI and CPEC were purely economically driven as China claims, then Beijing would be investing in countries with investable grade credit ratings and where they would likely receive a safe return on investment. However, China is investing in countries with high risks of default on loans and who have credit ratings below investable grade, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), notably Pakistan, Venezuela, and Argentina. These high risk investments can threaten the viability of CPEC and BRI projects in the near and long term, as well as threaten to overburden the Chinese and recipient country's economy with non-performing loans and debt. This analysis of where China is investing points to a different driver, that of security concerns.The thrust of BRI out of China is focused on the southwest frontiers, an area which China has historically felt a shaky grip on power and an area China views as its "soft underbelly." Xinjiang, as well as Pakistan are of concern to Beijing as unrest and a shift in Uighur sentiment from secular to Islamist in Xinjiang is linked to Pakistan. An unstable Pakistan poses an increasing risk to China, not only because they share a border, but China perceives that Uighurs have and are traveling to Pakistan for radicalization and then return to Xinjiang and perpetuate acts of violence. Xi Jinping said that religious extremism is a direct threat to China, as extremists and separatists could flow into Xinjiang with a goal to weaken China. This focus on internal security was also included in Xi Jinping's 19th Party Congress speech. Internal security spending by China totaled nearly U.S.$200 billion in 2017, and while the largest amount of domestic security spending is focused on the Tibetan Autonomous Region, Xinjiang is second and saw a 92.8 percent increase between 2017 and 2018.I. INTRODUCTION * II. THE CHINA-PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR * III. AN ANALYSIS OF SECURITY AS THE DRIVER * IV. ECONOMICS AS THE DRIVER FOR CHINA'S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE * V. CONCLUSION
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Primary Driver for China's Belt and Road Initiative (Bri) - Security Versus Economics - Maritime Silk Road, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (Cpec) Infrastructure Network Project by : U. S. Military
Download or read book An Analysis of the Primary Driver for China's Belt and Road Initiative (Bri) - Security Versus Economics - Maritime Silk Road, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (Cpec) Infrastructure Network Project written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-11-06 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China portrays the Belt and Road Initiative - an interconnected network of rail lines, oil and gas pipelines, roads, bridges, and port facilities designed to connect China with Central Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Europe - as an effort aimed at regional economic integration with win-win outcomes for every country involved. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is the flagship project of the Belt and Road Initiative, consisting of rail lines, fiber optic cables, power plants, and the Gwadar Port facility. CPEC provides the most tangible infrastructure projects to evaluate. Critics argue that it is a Chinese neocolonial effort to exert Chinese influence and increase Chinese power globally, burdening poor and developing countries with dangerous amounts of debt. Chinese internal and external security concerns, such as violence in Xinjiang and the perceived "Malacca Dilemma," are also discussed as important drivers for the Belt and Road Initiative and CPEC. This thesis examines both economic and security arguments to address the question: What is the primary driver for China's Belt and Road Initiative and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor? The research shows that security is the primary driver for these projects. Economic considerations and benefits are also important to Chinese leaders, but security considerations trump economic ones.What drives China's Belt and Road Initiative? Is it economic, driven by China's desire and need to continue economic growth? Or is the BRI driven by China's need to maintain a firm grip on the southwestern provinces and perceived external security threats? Examining where China invests for these projects gives insights to the motivations. If the BRI and CPEC were purely economically driven as China claims, then Beijing would be investing in countries with investable grade credit ratings and where they would likely receive a safe return on investment. However, China is investing in countries with high risks of default on loans and who have credit ratings below investable grade, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), notably Pakistan, Venezuela, and Argentina. These high risk investments can threaten the viability of CPEC and BRI projects in the near and long term, as well as threaten to overburden the Chinese and recipient country's economy with non-performing loans and debt. This analysis of where China is investing points to a different driver, that of security concerns.The thrust of BRI out of China is focused on the southwest frontiers, an area which China has historically felt a shaky grip on power and an area China views as its "soft underbelly." Xinjiang, as well as Pakistan are of concern to Beijing as unrest and a shift in Uighur sentiment from secular to Islamist in Xinjiang is linked to Pakistan. An unstable Pakistan poses an increasing risk to China, not only because they share a border, but China perceives that Uighurs have and are traveling to Pakistan for radicalization and then return to Xinjiang and perpetuate acts of violence. Xi Jinping said that religious extremism is a direct threat to China, as extremists and separatists could flow into Xinjiang with a goal to weaken China. This focus on internal security was also included in Xi Jinping's 19th Party Congress speech. Internal security spending by China totaled nearly U.S.$200 billion in 2017, and while the largest amount of domestic security spending is focused on the Tibetan Autonomous Region, Xinjiang is second and saw a 92.8 percent increase between 2017 and 2018.I. INTRODUCTION * II. THE CHINA-PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR * III. AN ANALYSIS OF SECURITY AS THE DRIVER * IV. ECONOMICS AS THE DRIVER FOR CHINA'S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE * V. CONCLUSION
International trade and related economic activities in Central and South Asia are increasing as developing economies, particularly India and Pakistan, grow. China continues to emerge as a major regional and global power and has embarked upon numerous regional economic and political initiatives . A major development is the China - Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a host of infrastructure and trade projects worth over 40 billion American dollars . This report analyzes CPEC a nd its potential regional effects, including the trade security implications of the port and land infrastructure developments . As trade increase s in the reg ion and the major CPEC infrastructure projects are completed, there will be numerous implications on trade security and geopolitics within South Asia. CPEC projects uniquely intersect numerous regional situations, including territorial disputes in Kashmir, the Afghanistan/Pakistan border, and Chinese foreign policy a mbitions. A nuanced understanding of these effects can influence future policy adjustments in this region . The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the position of Sandia National Laboratories or the author's current and past institutions.
Book Synopsis China-Pakistan Economic Corridor by :
Download or read book China-Pakistan Economic Corridor written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International trade and related economic activities in Central and South Asia are increasing as developing economies, particularly India and Pakistan, grow. China continues to emerge as a major regional and global power and has embarked upon numerous regional economic and political initiatives . A major development is the China - Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a host of infrastructure and trade projects worth over 40 billion American dollars . This report analyzes CPEC a nd its potential regional effects, including the trade security implications of the port and land infrastructure developments . As trade increase s in the reg ion and the major CPEC infrastructure projects are completed, there will be numerous implications on trade security and geopolitics within South Asia. CPEC projects uniquely intersect numerous regional situations, including territorial disputes in Kashmir, the Afghanistan/Pakistan border, and Chinese foreign policy a mbitions. A nuanced understanding of these effects can influence future policy adjustments in this region . The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the position of Sandia National Laboratories or the author's current and past institutions.
