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Separatism in East Pakistan: A Study of Failed Leadership provides an academic perspective on the Bengali nationalist movement, the seeds of which were sown in the 1940s. Being an original work by the author, the book aims to record the growth of the Bengali nationalist movement and shortcomings of Pakistani leaders in accommodating it. This scholarly empirical appraisal is a vital addition to the available literature on post-Partition history of the events leading from 1947 up to the breaking up of Pakistan and the creation of Bangladesh in 1971.
Book Synopsis Separatism in East Pakistan by : Rizwan Ullah Kokab
Download or read book Separatism in East Pakistan written by Rizwan Ullah Kokab and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Separatism in East Pakistan: A Study of Failed Leadership provides an academic perspective on the Bengali nationalist movement, the seeds of which were sown in the 1940s. Being an original work by the author, the book aims to record the growth of the Bengali nationalist movement and shortcomings of Pakistani leaders in accommodating it. This scholarly empirical appraisal is a vital addition to the available literature on post-Partition history of the events leading from 1947 up to the breaking up of Pakistan and the creation of Bangladesh in 1971.
In Secession and Security, Ahsan I. Butt argues that states rather than separatists determine whether a secessionist struggle will be peaceful, violent, or genocidal. He investigates the strategies, ranging from negotiated concessions to large-scale repression, adopted by states in response to separatist movements. Variations in the external security environment, Butt argues, influenced the leaders of the Ottoman Empire to use peaceful concessions against Armenians in 1908 but escalated to genocide against the same community in 1915; caused Israel to reject a Palestinian state in the 1990s; and shaped peaceful splits in Czechoslovakia in 1993 and the Norway-Sweden union in 1905. Butt focuses on two main cases—Pakistani reactions to Bengali and Baloch demands for independence in the 1970s and India's responses to secessionist movements in Kashmir, Punjab, and Assam in the 1980s and 1990s. Butt's deep historical approach to his subject will appeal to policymakers and observers interested in the last five decades of geopolitics in South Asia, the contemporary Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and ethno-national conflict, separatism, and nationalism more generally.
Book Synopsis Secession and Security by : Ahsan I. Butt
Download or read book Secession and Security written by Ahsan I. Butt and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Secession and Security, Ahsan I. Butt argues that states rather than separatists determine whether a secessionist struggle will be peaceful, violent, or genocidal. He investigates the strategies, ranging from negotiated concessions to large-scale repression, adopted by states in response to separatist movements. Variations in the external security environment, Butt argues, influenced the leaders of the Ottoman Empire to use peaceful concessions against Armenians in 1908 but escalated to genocide against the same community in 1915; caused Israel to reject a Palestinian state in the 1990s; and shaped peaceful splits in Czechoslovakia in 1993 and the Norway-Sweden union in 1905. Butt focuses on two main cases—Pakistani reactions to Bengali and Baloch demands for independence in the 1970s and India's responses to secessionist movements in Kashmir, Punjab, and Assam in the 1980s and 1990s. Butt's deep historical approach to his subject will appeal to policymakers and observers interested in the last five decades of geopolitics in South Asia, the contemporary Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and ethno-national conflict, separatism, and nationalism more generally.
Committed against an existing state, secession - often centred on a minority ethnic identity - can result in a new national unit or a self-governing area within the larger state. This book examines the variety and growing incidence of secessionist movements around the world.
Book Synopsis Secessionist Movements in Comparative Perspective by : International Centre for Ethnic Studies
Download or read book Secessionist Movements in Comparative Perspective written by International Centre for Ethnic Studies and published by Burns & Oates. This book was released on 1990 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Committed against an existing state, secession - often centred on a minority ethnic identity - can result in a new national unit or a self-governing area within the larger state. This book examines the variety and growing incidence of secessionist movements around the world.
It takes a fresh look at the perennial problem of the divide between the Hindus and Muslims and the partition of India it led to. Historical reasons have been analysed in the study in considerable depth and conclusions have been drawn. It debunks the efforts made by some apologists of Jinnah to shift the blame for partition on to others' shoulders and delineates the growh of separtism from the earliest times. The doctrine of two nations led to the creation and division of Pakistan and the inevitable division of the Muslims of the sub-continent into three nations. Historical forces which helped in the creation of a separate nation have been studied.
Book Synopsis The Great Divide by : S. C. Bhatt
Download or read book The Great Divide written by S. C. Bhatt and published by Gyan Publishing House. This book was released on 1998 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It takes a fresh look at the perennial problem of the divide between the Hindus and Muslims and the partition of India it led to. Historical reasons have been analysed in the study in considerable depth and conclusions have been drawn. It debunks the efforts made by some apologists of Jinnah to shift the blame for partition on to others' shoulders and delineates the growh of separtism from the earliest times. The doctrine of two nations led to the creation and division of Pakistan and the inevitable division of the Muslims of the sub-continent into three nations. Historical forces which helped in the creation of a separate nation have been studied.
Download or read book East Pakistan written by and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This book proposes and tests a ‘theory of separatism’ to determine if there are key commonalities as to why separatist movements rise and what fuels them. In the post-Cold War period separatism has been on the rise. Today, there are more than 100 active separatist movements, with around 70 of them engaging in violence. This book focuses on examples from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia to highlight the commonalities found across the case studies. It examines the idea of separatism, to better understand what drives movements to break away from preexisting states; demonstrates the factors which produce both violent separatism and the rise of armed non-state actors; and shows the options for the resolution of such conflict, based on considering claims for separatism from the perspectives of separatist movements. This book will be applicable for undergraduate and postgraduate students of International Relations and International Politics as well as Conflict/Peace Studies, Anthropology and Post-Colonial Studies.
Book Synopsis Separatism and the State by : Damien Kingsbury
Download or read book Separatism and the State written by Damien Kingsbury and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-02-28 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes and tests a ‘theory of separatism’ to determine if there are key commonalities as to why separatist movements rise and what fuels them. In the post-Cold War period separatism has been on the rise. Today, there are more than 100 active separatist movements, with around 70 of them engaging in violence. This book focuses on examples from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia to highlight the commonalities found across the case studies. It examines the idea of separatism, to better understand what drives movements to break away from preexisting states; demonstrates the factors which produce both violent separatism and the rise of armed non-state actors; and shows the options for the resolution of such conflict, based on considering claims for separatism from the perspectives of separatist movements. This book will be applicable for undergraduate and postgraduate students of International Relations and International Politics as well as Conflict/Peace Studies, Anthropology and Post-Colonial Studies.
This volume explores the varied outcomes that self-determination movements around the world have achieved, and in particular seeks to understand what factors promote better outcomes and what factors promote worse ones. Rather than focusing on the metric of achieving independence, the project evaluates the quality of societies after independence, including such elements as economic strength and political resilience, and it analyzes what factors contribute to different outcomes. The study finds that the single most determinative factor in the success of any independence movement is frequently beyond the control of such a movement, often relating to the global and historical contexts in which the movement finds itself. However, a whole host of factors are within the control of such a movement, but movements do not always seek to act on many of them. Activists become so convinced in the justness of the independence cause that they do not focus on actions that would contribute to greater success after independence.
Book Synopsis Independence Movements and Their Aftermath by : Jon B. Alterman
Download or read book Independence Movements and Their Aftermath written by Jon B. Alterman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the varied outcomes that self-determination movements around the world have achieved, and in particular seeks to understand what factors promote better outcomes and what factors promote worse ones. Rather than focusing on the metric of achieving independence, the project evaluates the quality of societies after independence, including such elements as economic strength and political resilience, and it analyzes what factors contribute to different outcomes. The study finds that the single most determinative factor in the success of any independence movement is frequently beyond the control of such a movement, often relating to the global and historical contexts in which the movement finds itself. However, a whole host of factors are within the control of such a movement, but movements do not always seek to act on many of them. Activists become so convinced in the justness of the independence cause that they do not focus on actions that would contribute to greater success after independence.
The idea of Pakistan stands riddled with tensions. Initiated by a small group of select Urdu-speaking Muslims who envisioned a unified Islamic state, today Pakistan suffers the divisive forces of various separatist movements and religious fundamentalism. A small entrenched elite continue to dominate the country’s corridors of power, and democratic forces and legal institutions remain weak. But despite these seemingly insurmountable problems, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan continues to endure. The Pakistan Paradox is the definitive history of democracy in Pakistan, and its survival despite ethnic strife, Islamism and deepseated elitism. This edition focuses on three kinds of tensions that are as old as Pakistan itself. The tension between the unitary definition of the nation inherited from Jinnah and centrifugal ethnic forces; between civilians and army officers who are not always in favour of or against democracy; and between the Islamists and those who define Islam only as a cultural identity marker.
Book Synopsis The Pakistan Paradox by : Christophe Jaffrelot
Download or read book The Pakistan Paradox written by Christophe Jaffrelot and published by Random House India. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of Pakistan stands riddled with tensions. Initiated by a small group of select Urdu-speaking Muslims who envisioned a unified Islamic state, today Pakistan suffers the divisive forces of various separatist movements and religious fundamentalism. A small entrenched elite continue to dominate the country’s corridors of power, and democratic forces and legal institutions remain weak. But despite these seemingly insurmountable problems, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan continues to endure. The Pakistan Paradox is the definitive history of democracy in Pakistan, and its survival despite ethnic strife, Islamism and deepseated elitism. This edition focuses on three kinds of tensions that are as old as Pakistan itself. The tension between the unitary definition of the nation inherited from Jinnah and centrifugal ethnic forces; between civilians and army officers who are not always in favour of or against democracy; and between the Islamists and those who define Islam only as a cultural identity marker.
In the wake of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, secessionist forces carved four de facto states from parts of Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan. Ten years on, those states are mired in uncertainty. Beset by internal problems, fearful of a return to the violence that spawned them, and isolated and unrecognized internationally, they survive behind cease-fire lines that have temporarily frozen but not resolved their conflicts with the metropolitan powers. In this, the first in-depth comparative analysis of these self-proclaimed republics, Dov Lynch examines the logic that maintains this uneasy existence and explores ways out of their volatile predicament. Drawing on extensive travel within Eurasia and remarkable access to leading figures in the secessionist struggles, Lynch spotlights the political, military, and economic dynamics--both internal and external--that drive the existence of South Ossetia, Abkhazia, Transnistria, and Nagorno-Karabakh. He also evaluates a range of options for resolving the status of the de facto states before violence returns, and proposes a coordinated approach, spearheaded by the European Union, that balances de facto and de jure independence and sovereignty. Slim but packed with information and insight, this volume also offers instructive lessons about the dynamics of intrastate and ethnic conflict and the merits of autonomy and power sharing in places as diverse as Kosovo, Northern Cyprus, and Chechnya.
Book Synopsis Engaging Eurasia's Separatist States by : Dov Lynch
Download or read book Engaging Eurasia's Separatist States written by Dov Lynch and published by US Institute of Peace Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, secessionist forces carved four de facto states from parts of Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan. Ten years on, those states are mired in uncertainty. Beset by internal problems, fearful of a return to the violence that spawned them, and isolated and unrecognized internationally, they survive behind cease-fire lines that have temporarily frozen but not resolved their conflicts with the metropolitan powers. In this, the first in-depth comparative analysis of these self-proclaimed republics, Dov Lynch examines the logic that maintains this uneasy existence and explores ways out of their volatile predicament. Drawing on extensive travel within Eurasia and remarkable access to leading figures in the secessionist struggles, Lynch spotlights the political, military, and economic dynamics--both internal and external--that drive the existence of South Ossetia, Abkhazia, Transnistria, and Nagorno-Karabakh. He also evaluates a range of options for resolving the status of the de facto states before violence returns, and proposes a coordinated approach, spearheaded by the European Union, that balances de facto and de jure independence and sovereignty. Slim but packed with information and insight, this volume also offers instructive lessons about the dynamics of intrastate and ethnic conflict and the merits of autonomy and power sharing in places as diverse as Kosovo, Northern Cyprus, and Chechnya.
To understand the separation of East Pakistan in 1971, it is necessary to put the events of that year in the proper perspective of the unstable relationship between East and West Pakistan from 1947 onwards. Part I of this scholarly study examines the genesis of the federation of East and West Pakistan as a single State, and analyses the crises which marked relations between its two Wings from 15 August 1947 to the fatal decision to resort to army action on 25 March 1971 as the final solution to Bengali Muslim nationalism. Part II analyses the disastrous consequences of the 25 March army action, leading to the second Indo-Pakistan war, and the emergence of the independent state of Bangladesh. Relying on primary sources - personal experience, unpublished material, and conversations and interviews with those directly involved in the 1971 crisis - Zaheer has given a dispassionate and thoroughly-documented account of events on the national and international fronts, culminating in the surrender of the army in East Pakistan on 16 December 1971.
Book Synopsis The Separation of East Pakistan by : Hasan Zaheer
Download or read book The Separation of East Pakistan written by Hasan Zaheer and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand the separation of East Pakistan in 1971, it is necessary to put the events of that year in the proper perspective of the unstable relationship between East and West Pakistan from 1947 onwards. Part I of this scholarly study examines the genesis of the federation of East and West Pakistan as a single State, and analyses the crises which marked relations between its two Wings from 15 August 1947 to the fatal decision to resort to army action on 25 March 1971 as the final solution to Bengali Muslim nationalism. Part II analyses the disastrous consequences of the 25 March army action, leading to the second Indo-Pakistan war, and the emergence of the independent state of Bangladesh. Relying on primary sources - personal experience, unpublished material, and conversations and interviews with those directly involved in the 1971 crisis - Zaheer has given a dispassionate and thoroughly-documented account of events on the national and international fronts, culminating in the surrender of the army in East Pakistan on 16 December 1971.
