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Advances in Insect Physiology is committed to publishing volumes containing comprehensive and in-depth reviews on all aspects of insect physiology. First published in 1963, these volumes are an essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists. This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects. Contains comprehensive and in-depth reviews Essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects
Book Synopsis Small RNAs: Their Diversity, Roles and Practical Uses by : Elizabeth Jockusch
Download or read book Small RNAs: Their Diversity, Roles and Practical Uses written by Elizabeth Jockusch and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-04-19 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Insect Physiology is committed to publishing volumes containing comprehensive and in-depth reviews on all aspects of insect physiology. First published in 1963, these volumes are an essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists. This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects. Contains comprehensive and in-depth reviews Essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects
The first review series in virology and published since 1953, Advances in Virus Research covers a diverse range of in-depth reviews, providing a valuable overview of the field. The series of eclectic volumes are valuable resources to virologists, microbiologists, immunologists, molecular biologists, pathologists, and plant researchers. Volume 89 features articles on topics including plant-based vaccines, transmission of arthropod-borne viruses by mosquitoes, arboviruses in domestic and wild animals, and more. Contributions from leading authorities Comprehensive reviews for general and specialist use First and longest-running review series in virology
Book Synopsis Advances in Virus Research by : Karl Maramorosch
Download or read book Advances in Virus Research written by Karl Maramorosch and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-04-18 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first review series in virology and published since 1953, Advances in Virus Research covers a diverse range of in-depth reviews, providing a valuable overview of the field. The series of eclectic volumes are valuable resources to virologists, microbiologists, immunologists, molecular biologists, pathologists, and plant researchers. Volume 89 features articles on topics including plant-based vaccines, transmission of arthropod-borne viruses by mosquitoes, arboviruses in domestic and wild animals, and more. Contributions from leading authorities Comprehensive reviews for general and specialist use First and longest-running review series in virology
Plant Small RNA: Biogenesis, Regulation and Application describes the biosynthesis of small RNA in plant systems. With an emphasis on the various molecular mechanisms affected by small RNA and their applications in supporting plant growth and survival, this books presents the basics and most recent advancements in small RNA mediated plant genomics, metabolomics, proteomics and physiology. In addition, it emphasizes the various molecular mechanisms affected by small RNA and their applications in supporting plant growth and survival. Final sections cover the most recent advancements in small RNA mediated plant genomics, metabolomics, proteomics and physiology. Presents foundational information about small RNA biology and regulation in plants Includes small RNA pathway advances Describes the application and scope of small RNA technology for agricultural stability
Book Synopsis Plant Small RNA by : Praveen Guleria
Download or read book Plant Small RNA written by Praveen Guleria and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-02-19 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Small RNA: Biogenesis, Regulation and Application describes the biosynthesis of small RNA in plant systems. With an emphasis on the various molecular mechanisms affected by small RNA and their applications in supporting plant growth and survival, this books presents the basics and most recent advancements in small RNA mediated plant genomics, metabolomics, proteomics and physiology. In addition, it emphasizes the various molecular mechanisms affected by small RNA and their applications in supporting plant growth and survival. Final sections cover the most recent advancements in small RNA mediated plant genomics, metabolomics, proteomics and physiology. Presents foundational information about small RNA biology and regulation in plants Includes small RNA pathway advances Describes the application and scope of small RNA technology for agricultural stability
New Findings Revolutionize Concepts of Gene FunctionEndogenous small RNAs have been found in various organisms, including humans, mice, flies, worms, fungi, and bacteria. Furthermore, it's been shown that microRNAs acting as cellular rheostats have the ability to modulate gene expression. In higher eukaryotes, microRNAs may regulate as much as 50 p
Book Synopsis Regulation of Gene Expression by Small RNAs by : Rajesh K. Gaur
Download or read book Regulation of Gene Expression by Small RNAs written by Rajesh K. Gaur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Findings Revolutionize Concepts of Gene FunctionEndogenous small RNAs have been found in various organisms, including humans, mice, flies, worms, fungi, and bacteria. Furthermore, it's been shown that microRNAs acting as cellular rheostats have the ability to modulate gene expression. In higher eukaryotes, microRNAs may regulate as much as 50 p
Book Synopsis Small RNAs as a Diverse Toolkit of Bacteria by : Olga N. Ozoline
Download or read book Small RNAs as a Diverse Toolkit of Bacteria written by Olga N. Ozoline and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-05 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Viruses and RNAi share an intricate relationship at many levels. RNAi is an important antiviral defense mechanism in plants and invertebrates, microRNAs – of viral or cellular origin – affect many aspects of virus biology, and replication of many, if not all, mammalian viruses can be suppressed by RNAi. Antiviral RNAi: Concepts, Methods, and Applications provides a collection of protocols for the analysis of viral small RNAs and natural antiviral RNAi responses as well as for the development and optimization of RNAi-based antiviral drugs. As RNAi is a central regulatory mechanism in the cell, the methods in this volume can also be applied out of the context of a virus infection. Divided into five convenient parts, this detailed volume reviews important basic concepts in the field of antiviral RNAi, provides experimental and bio-informatic tools for the analysis of small silencing RNAs, covers methods to biochemically dissect RNAi-based antiviral defense and viral counter-defense mechanisms, describes methods for the design, expression, and delivery of therapeutic antiviral siRNAs, and finally presents genome-wide RNAi approaches for the identification of factors involved in virus replication. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Antiviral RNAi: Concepts, Methods, and Applications serves as an ideal guide for both novice and experienced researchers alike striving to dissect the role of RNAi in the viral life cycle or to further boost the development of novel therapeutics and experimental tools based on RNAi technology.
Book Synopsis Antiviral RNAi by : Ronald P. van Rij
Download or read book Antiviral RNAi written by Ronald P. van Rij and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-03-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viruses and RNAi share an intricate relationship at many levels. RNAi is an important antiviral defense mechanism in plants and invertebrates, microRNAs – of viral or cellular origin – affect many aspects of virus biology, and replication of many, if not all, mammalian viruses can be suppressed by RNAi. Antiviral RNAi: Concepts, Methods, and Applications provides a collection of protocols for the analysis of viral small RNAs and natural antiviral RNAi responses as well as for the development and optimization of RNAi-based antiviral drugs. As RNAi is a central regulatory mechanism in the cell, the methods in this volume can also be applied out of the context of a virus infection. Divided into five convenient parts, this detailed volume reviews important basic concepts in the field of antiviral RNAi, provides experimental and bio-informatic tools for the analysis of small silencing RNAs, covers methods to biochemically dissect RNAi-based antiviral defense and viral counter-defense mechanisms, describes methods for the design, expression, and delivery of therapeutic antiviral siRNAs, and finally presents genome-wide RNAi approaches for the identification of factors involved in virus replication. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Antiviral RNAi: Concepts, Methods, and Applications serves as an ideal guide for both novice and experienced researchers alike striving to dissect the role of RNAi in the viral life cycle or to further boost the development of novel therapeutics and experimental tools based on RNAi technology.
Over the past decades, chromatin remodelling has emerged as an important regulator of gene expression and plant defense. This book provides a detailed understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms involved in plants of agronomic importance. The information presented here is significant because it is expected to provide the knowledge needed to develop in the future treatments to manipulate and selectively activate/inhibit proteins and metabolic pathways to counter pathogens, to treat important diseases and to increase crop productivity. New approaches of this kind and the development of new technologies will certainly increase our knowledge of currently known post-translational modifications and facilitate the understanding of their roles in, for example, host-pathogen interactions and crop productivity. Furthermore, we provide important insight on how the plant epigenome changes in response to developmental or environmental stimuli, how chromatin modifications are established and maintained, to which degree they are used throughout the genome, and how chromatin modifications influence each another.
Book Synopsis Epigenetics in Plants of Agronomic Importance: Fundamentals and Applications by : Raúl Alvarez-Venegas
Download or read book Epigenetics in Plants of Agronomic Importance: Fundamentals and Applications written by Raúl Alvarez-Venegas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-22 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decades, chromatin remodelling has emerged as an important regulator of gene expression and plant defense. This book provides a detailed understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms involved in plants of agronomic importance. The information presented here is significant because it is expected to provide the knowledge needed to develop in the future treatments to manipulate and selectively activate/inhibit proteins and metabolic pathways to counter pathogens, to treat important diseases and to increase crop productivity. New approaches of this kind and the development of new technologies will certainly increase our knowledge of currently known post-translational modifications and facilitate the understanding of their roles in, for example, host-pathogen interactions and crop productivity. Furthermore, we provide important insight on how the plant epigenome changes in response to developmental or environmental stimuli, how chromatin modifications are established and maintained, to which degree they are used throughout the genome, and how chromatin modifications influence each another.
Cells associated with the male germline, specifically in rice and maize (grasses), produce diverse and numerous “phased” 21-nt and 24-nt siRNAs. These phased siRNAs (phasiRNAs) show striking similarity to mammalian Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in terms of their abundance, biogenesis and timing of accumulation. Both the plant phasiRNA and mammalian piRNA pathways are emerging as factors crucial for reproductive success. However, since the first report of germline-associated plant phasiRNAs, no systematic study of their evolutionary origins has yet been reported; in this context, the meiotic (24-nt) phasiRNAs are particularly interesting, as they have only been described in grasses, a group of monocots that speciated ~71 million years ago (MYA). Grasses include the most important staple crops: rice, maize and wheat. Given the importance of reproductive success to crop yield, a deeper understanding of phasiRNA pathway is crucial. ☐ This dissertation traces the prevalence and origins of phasiRNA pathways in monocot evolution, while simultaneously it addresses a broad range of key computational gaps and algorithmic limitations in leveraging small RNA data for the study of small RNA in plants. First, I present a new set of tools for identifying and validating miRNA targets, and a new suite for computational characterization of phasiRNAs, which together comprise important methods for studies of plant sRNA field. These next generation tools efficiently scale to the increasing volume of high-throughput data, and are fast, sensitive and feature-rich compared to the existing options. Next in my work, I deployed these tools to investigate phasiRNAs in a recently sequenced genome, that of Asparagus officinalis. The common ancestor of asparagus and the grasses diverged approximately 109 MYA. My work then further expanded to study two other non-grass monocots, Lilium (Lilium maculatum) and daylily (Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus), which diverged from Asparagus ~111 MYA. In this dissertation, I demonstrate that both pre-meiotic and meiotic phasiRNAs are prevalent across the monocots that I studied, establishing their origins well before grasses. In addition to male germline, I find evidence for their accumulation in female and somatic tissues, perhaps suggesting that the narrow accumulation of reproductive phasiRNAs in anthers is either not a general characteristic or it is the product of evolutionary refinement in the grasses. I show that the miRNA trigger for pre-meiotic (21-nt) phasiRNAs likely shifted in evolutionary time from targeting pathogen-defense genes to long, non-coding RNAs (observed in grasses) via specialization and sub-functionalization versus neo-functionalization. I also demonstrate that exceptions to the canonical mechanism of biogenesis of phasiRNAs exist in monocot evolution, whereby phasiRNAs are produced apparently without a miRNA trigger. I conclude that plants show substantial variation in their composition and biogenesis of reproductive phasiRNAs, which have broad roles in plant germline development.
Book Synopsis Integrated, Scalable Tools for Small RNA Genomics by : Atul Kakrana
Download or read book Integrated, Scalable Tools for Small RNA Genomics written by Atul Kakrana and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells associated with the male germline, specifically in rice and maize (grasses), produce diverse and numerous “phased” 21-nt and 24-nt siRNAs. These phased siRNAs (phasiRNAs) show striking similarity to mammalian Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in terms of their abundance, biogenesis and timing of accumulation. Both the plant phasiRNA and mammalian piRNA pathways are emerging as factors crucial for reproductive success. However, since the first report of germline-associated plant phasiRNAs, no systematic study of their evolutionary origins has yet been reported; in this context, the meiotic (24-nt) phasiRNAs are particularly interesting, as they have only been described in grasses, a group of monocots that speciated ~71 million years ago (MYA). Grasses include the most important staple crops: rice, maize and wheat. Given the importance of reproductive success to crop yield, a deeper understanding of phasiRNA pathway is crucial. ☐ This dissertation traces the prevalence and origins of phasiRNA pathways in monocot evolution, while simultaneously it addresses a broad range of key computational gaps and algorithmic limitations in leveraging small RNA data for the study of small RNA in plants. First, I present a new set of tools for identifying and validating miRNA targets, and a new suite for computational characterization of phasiRNAs, which together comprise important methods for studies of plant sRNA field. These next generation tools efficiently scale to the increasing volume of high-throughput data, and are fast, sensitive and feature-rich compared to the existing options. Next in my work, I deployed these tools to investigate phasiRNAs in a recently sequenced genome, that of Asparagus officinalis. The common ancestor of asparagus and the grasses diverged approximately 109 MYA. My work then further expanded to study two other non-grass monocots, Lilium (Lilium maculatum) and daylily (Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus), which diverged from Asparagus ~111 MYA. In this dissertation, I demonstrate that both pre-meiotic and meiotic phasiRNAs are prevalent across the monocots that I studied, establishing their origins well before grasses. In addition to male germline, I find evidence for their accumulation in female and somatic tissues, perhaps suggesting that the narrow accumulation of reproductive phasiRNAs in anthers is either not a general characteristic or it is the product of evolutionary refinement in the grasses. I show that the miRNA trigger for pre-meiotic (21-nt) phasiRNAs likely shifted in evolutionary time from targeting pathogen-defense genes to long, non-coding RNAs (observed in grasses) via specialization and sub-functionalization versus neo-functionalization. I also demonstrate that exceptions to the canonical mechanism of biogenesis of phasiRNAs exist in monocot evolution, whereby phasiRNAs are produced apparently without a miRNA trigger. I conclude that plants show substantial variation in their composition and biogenesis of reproductive phasiRNAs, which have broad roles in plant germline development.
Revealing the many roles of RNA in regulating gene expression For decades after the discoveries of messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA, it was largely assumed that the role of RNA in the cell was limited to shuttling the genomic message, chaperoning amino acids, and toiling in the ribosomes. Eventually, hints that RNA molecules might have regulatory roles began to appear. With the advent of genomics and bioinformatics, it became evident that numerous other RNA forms exist and have specific functions, including small RNAs (sRNA), RNA thermometers, and riboswitches to regulate core metabolic pathways, bacterial pathogenesis, iron homeostasis, quorum sensing, and biofilm formation. All of these functions, and more, are presented in Regulating with RNA in Bacteria and Archaea, written by RNA biologists from around the globe. Divided into eight sections-RNases and Helicases, Cis-Acting RNAs, Cis Encoded Base Pairing RNAs, Trans-Encoded Base Pairing RNAs, Protein Titration and Scaffolding, General Considerations, Emerging Topics, and Resources-this book serves as an excellent resource for established RNA biologists and for the many scientists who are studying regulated cellular systems. It is no longer a fair assumption that gene expression regulation is the provenance of proteins only or that control is exerted primarily at the level of transcription. This book makes clear that regulatory RNAs are key partners along with proteins in controlling the complex interactions and pathways found within prokaryotes.
Book Synopsis Regulating with RNA in Bacteria and Archaea by : Gisela Storz
Download or read book Regulating with RNA in Bacteria and Archaea written by Gisela Storz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 1065 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revealing the many roles of RNA in regulating gene expression For decades after the discoveries of messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA, it was largely assumed that the role of RNA in the cell was limited to shuttling the genomic message, chaperoning amino acids, and toiling in the ribosomes. Eventually, hints that RNA molecules might have regulatory roles began to appear. With the advent of genomics and bioinformatics, it became evident that numerous other RNA forms exist and have specific functions, including small RNAs (sRNA), RNA thermometers, and riboswitches to regulate core metabolic pathways, bacterial pathogenesis, iron homeostasis, quorum sensing, and biofilm formation. All of these functions, and more, are presented in Regulating with RNA in Bacteria and Archaea, written by RNA biologists from around the globe. Divided into eight sections-RNases and Helicases, Cis-Acting RNAs, Cis Encoded Base Pairing RNAs, Trans-Encoded Base Pairing RNAs, Protein Titration and Scaffolding, General Considerations, Emerging Topics, and Resources-this book serves as an excellent resource for established RNA biologists and for the many scientists who are studying regulated cellular systems. It is no longer a fair assumption that gene expression regulation is the provenance of proteins only or that control is exerted primarily at the level of transcription. This book makes clear that regulatory RNAs are key partners along with proteins in controlling the complex interactions and pathways found within prokaryotes.
Book Synopsis RNAi Based Pesticides by : Hailing Jin
Download or read book RNAi Based Pesticides written by Hailing Jin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-29 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
