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Book Synopsis Social and Economic Organization in the Prehispanic Andes by : David L. Browman
Download or read book Social and Economic Organization in the Prehispanic Andes written by David L. Browman and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 1984 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Investigates how the issue of power is approached by scholars of the South American Andes Represent a wide range of regional, temporal, methodological, and theoretical perspectives on the prehispanic Andes from the Preceramic Period (representing the earliest sedentary societies) through the Late Horizon (the expansionary phase of the Inca Empire) Brings together an array of approaches-both theoretical and methodological--as they are currently being employed by archaeologists in the Andes Enriches the study of the emergence of complex societies, the origins of the state, and dynamics of sociopolitical organization in well-known societies like the Chav ́ýn, Nasca, Wari, Tiwanaku, and Inca and in less-well-known groups, such as the pre- and post-Tiwanaku societies of the altiplano and the Late Intermediate Period groups of the south coast of Peru
Book Synopsis Foundations of Power in the Prehispanic Andes by : Kevin J. Vaughn
Download or read book Foundations of Power in the Prehispanic Andes written by Kevin J. Vaughn and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2005 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigates how the issue of power is approached by scholars of the South American Andes Represent a wide range of regional, temporal, methodological, and theoretical perspectives on the prehispanic Andes from the Preceramic Period (representing the earliest sedentary societies) through the Late Horizon (the expansionary phase of the Inca Empire) Brings together an array of approaches-both theoretical and methodological--as they are currently being employed by archaeologists in the Andes Enriches the study of the emergence of complex societies, the origins of the state, and dynamics of sociopolitical organization in well-known societies like the Chav ́ýn, Nasca, Wari, Tiwanaku, and Inca and in less-well-known groups, such as the pre- and post-Tiwanaku societies of the altiplano and the Late Intermediate Period groups of the south coast of Peru
Perhaps the contributions of South American archaeology to the larger field of world archaeology have been inadequately recognized. If so, this is probably because there have been relatively few archaeologists working in South America outside of Peru and recent advances in knowledge in other parts of the continent are only beginning to enter larger archaeological discourse. Many ideas of and about South American archaeology held by scholars from outside the area are going to change irrevocably with the appearance of the present volume. Not only does the Handbook of South American Archaeology (HSAA) provide immense and broad information about ancient South America, the volume also showcases the contributions made by South Americans to social theory. Moreover, one of the merits of this volume is that about half the authors (30) are South Americans, and the bibliographies in their chapters will be especially useful guides to Spanish and Portuguese literature as well as to the latest research. It is inevitable that the HSAA will be compared with the multi-volume Handbook of South American Indians (HSAI), with its detailed descriptions of indigenous peoples of South America, that was organized and edited by Julian Steward. Although there are heroic archaeological essays in the HSAI, by the likes of Junius Bird, Gordon Willey, John Rowe, and John Murra, Steward states frankly in his introduction to Volume Two that “arch- ology is included by way of background” to the ethnographic chapters.
Book Synopsis Handbook of South American Archaeology by : Helaine Silverman
Download or read book Handbook of South American Archaeology written by Helaine Silverman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-04 with total page 1228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps the contributions of South American archaeology to the larger field of world archaeology have been inadequately recognized. If so, this is probably because there have been relatively few archaeologists working in South America outside of Peru and recent advances in knowledge in other parts of the continent are only beginning to enter larger archaeological discourse. Many ideas of and about South American archaeology held by scholars from outside the area are going to change irrevocably with the appearance of the present volume. Not only does the Handbook of South American Archaeology (HSAA) provide immense and broad information about ancient South America, the volume also showcases the contributions made by South Americans to social theory. Moreover, one of the merits of this volume is that about half the authors (30) are South Americans, and the bibliographies in their chapters will be especially useful guides to Spanish and Portuguese literature as well as to the latest research. It is inevitable that the HSAA will be compared with the multi-volume Handbook of South American Indians (HSAI), with its detailed descriptions of indigenous peoples of South America, that was organized and edited by Julian Steward. Although there are heroic archaeological essays in the HSAI, by the likes of Junius Bird, Gordon Willey, John Rowe, and John Murra, Steward states frankly in his introduction to Volume Two that “arch- ology is included by way of background” to the ethnographic chapters.
Study of the origin and development of civilization is of unequaled importance for understanding the cultural processes that create human societies. Is cultural evolution directional and regular across human societies and history, or is it opportunistic and capricious? Do apparent regularities come from the way inves tigators construct and manage knowledge, or are they the result of real constraints on and variations in the actual processes? Can such questions even be answered? We believe so, but not easily. By comparing evolutionary sequences from different world civilizations scholars can judge degrees of similarity and difference and then attempt explanation. Of course, we must be careful to assess the influence that societies of the ancient world had on one another (the issue of pristine versus non-pristine cultural devel opment: see discussion in Fried 1967; Price 1978). The Central Andes were the locus of the only societies to achieve pristine civilization in the southern hemi sphere and only in the Central Andes did non-literate (non-written language) civ ilization develop. It seems clear that Central Andean civilization was independent on any graph of archaic culture change. Scholars have often expressed appreciation of the research opportunities offered by the Central Andes as a testing ground for the study of cultural evolu tion (see, e. g. , Carneiro 1970; Ford and Willey 1949: 5; Kosok 1965: 1-14; Lanning 1967: 2-5).
Book Synopsis Andean Archaeology I by : William H. Isbell
Download or read book Andean Archaeology I written by William H. Isbell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study of the origin and development of civilization is of unequaled importance for understanding the cultural processes that create human societies. Is cultural evolution directional and regular across human societies and history, or is it opportunistic and capricious? Do apparent regularities come from the way inves tigators construct and manage knowledge, or are they the result of real constraints on and variations in the actual processes? Can such questions even be answered? We believe so, but not easily. By comparing evolutionary sequences from different world civilizations scholars can judge degrees of similarity and difference and then attempt explanation. Of course, we must be careful to assess the influence that societies of the ancient world had on one another (the issue of pristine versus non-pristine cultural devel opment: see discussion in Fried 1967; Price 1978). The Central Andes were the locus of the only societies to achieve pristine civilization in the southern hemi sphere and only in the Central Andes did non-literate (non-written language) civ ilization develop. It seems clear that Central Andean civilization was independent on any graph of archaic culture change. Scholars have often expressed appreciation of the research opportunities offered by the Central Andes as a testing ground for the study of cultural evolu tion (see, e. g. , Carneiro 1970; Ford and Willey 1949: 5; Kosok 1965: 1-14; Lanning 1967: 2-5).
This innovative text provides a compelling narrative world history through the lens of food and farmers. Tracing the history of agriculture from earliest times to the present, Christopher Isett and Stephen Millerargue that people, rather than markets, have been the primary agents of agricultural change. Exploring the actions taken by individuals and groups over time and analyzing their activities in the wider contexts of markets, states, wars, the environment, population increase, and similar factors, the authors emphasize how larger social and political forces inform decisions and lead to different technological outcomes. Both farmers and elites responded in ways that impeded economic development. Farmers, when able to trade with towns, used the revenue to gain more land and security. Elites used commercial opportunities to accumulate military power and slaves. The book explores these tendencies through rich case studies of ancient China; precolonial South America; early-modern France, England, and Japan; New World slavery; colonial Taiwan; socialist Cuba; and many other periods and places. Readers will understand how the promises and problems of contemporary agriculture are not simply technologically derived but are the outcomes of decisions and choices people have made and continue to make.
Book Synopsis The Social History of Agriculture by : Christopher Isett
Download or read book The Social History of Agriculture written by Christopher Isett and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-11-09 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative text provides a compelling narrative world history through the lens of food and farmers. Tracing the history of agriculture from earliest times to the present, Christopher Isett and Stephen Millerargue that people, rather than markets, have been the primary agents of agricultural change. Exploring the actions taken by individuals and groups over time and analyzing their activities in the wider contexts of markets, states, wars, the environment, population increase, and similar factors, the authors emphasize how larger social and political forces inform decisions and lead to different technological outcomes. Both farmers and elites responded in ways that impeded economic development. Farmers, when able to trade with towns, used the revenue to gain more land and security. Elites used commercial opportunities to accumulate military power and slaves. The book explores these tendencies through rich case studies of ancient China; precolonial South America; early-modern France, England, and Japan; New World slavery; colonial Taiwan; socialist Cuba; and many other periods and places. Readers will understand how the promises and problems of contemporary agriculture are not simply technologically derived but are the outcomes of decisions and choices people have made and continue to make.
Over the millennia, from stone tools among early foragers to clays to prized metals and mineral pigments used by later groups, mineral resources have had a pronounced role in the Andean world. Archaeologists have used a variety of analytical techniques on the materials that ancient peoples procured from the earth. What these materials all have in common is that they originated in a mine or quarry. Despite their importance, comparative analysis between these archaeological sites and features has been exceptionally rare, and even more so for the Andes. Mining and Quarrying in the Ancient Andes focuses on archaeological research at primary deposits of minerals extracted through mining or quarrying in the Andean region. While mining often begins with an economic need, it has important social, political, and ritual dimensions as well. The contributions in this volume place evidence of primary extraction activities within the larger cultural context in which they occurred. This important contribution to the interdisciplinary literature presents research and analysis on the mining and quarrying of various materials throughout the region and through time. Thus, rather than focusing on one material type or one specific site, Mining and Quarrying in the Ancient Andes incorporates a variety of all the aspects of mining, by focusing on the physical, social, and ritual aspects of procuring materials from the earth in the Andean past.
Book Synopsis Mining and Quarrying in the Ancient Andes by : Nicholas Tripcevich
Download or read book Mining and Quarrying in the Ancient Andes written by Nicholas Tripcevich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the millennia, from stone tools among early foragers to clays to prized metals and mineral pigments used by later groups, mineral resources have had a pronounced role in the Andean world. Archaeologists have used a variety of analytical techniques on the materials that ancient peoples procured from the earth. What these materials all have in common is that they originated in a mine or quarry. Despite their importance, comparative analysis between these archaeological sites and features has been exceptionally rare, and even more so for the Andes. Mining and Quarrying in the Ancient Andes focuses on archaeological research at primary deposits of minerals extracted through mining or quarrying in the Andean region. While mining often begins with an economic need, it has important social, political, and ritual dimensions as well. The contributions in this volume place evidence of primary extraction activities within the larger cultural context in which they occurred. This important contribution to the interdisciplinary literature presents research and analysis on the mining and quarrying of various materials throughout the region and through time. Thus, rather than focusing on one material type or one specific site, Mining and Quarrying in the Ancient Andes incorporates a variety of all the aspects of mining, by focusing on the physical, social, and ritual aspects of procuring materials from the earth in the Andean past.
For more than two millennia prior to the Spanish conquest, the southern region of the central Andes was home to dozens of societies, ranging from modest chiefdoms to imperial states. Attempts to understand the political and economic dynamics of this complex region have included at least two major theories in Andean anthropology. In this pathfinding study, Charles Stanish shows that they are not exclusive and competing models, but rather can be understood as variations within a larger theoretical framework. Stanish builds his arguments around a case study from the Moquequa region of Peru, augmented with data from Puno. He uses the "archaeological household" as his basic unit of analysis. This approach allows him to reconcile the now-classic model of zonal complementarity proposed by John Murra with the model of craft specialization and exchange offered by Maria Rostworowski de Diez Canseco. These models of political economy are analyzed with the concepts of economic anthropology in the tradition of Karl Polanyi. For students of archaeology, Andean studies, anthropology, and economic history, Ancient Andean Political Economy will be important reading.
Book Synopsis Ancient Andean Political Economy by : Charles Stanish
Download or read book Ancient Andean Political Economy written by Charles Stanish and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than two millennia prior to the Spanish conquest, the southern region of the central Andes was home to dozens of societies, ranging from modest chiefdoms to imperial states. Attempts to understand the political and economic dynamics of this complex region have included at least two major theories in Andean anthropology. In this pathfinding study, Charles Stanish shows that they are not exclusive and competing models, but rather can be understood as variations within a larger theoretical framework. Stanish builds his arguments around a case study from the Moquequa region of Peru, augmented with data from Puno. He uses the "archaeological household" as his basic unit of analysis. This approach allows him to reconcile the now-classic model of zonal complementarity proposed by John Murra with the model of craft specialization and exchange offered by Maria Rostworowski de Diez Canseco. These models of political economy are analyzed with the concepts of economic anthropology in the tradition of Karl Polanyi. For students of archaeology, Andean studies, anthropology, and economic history, Ancient Andean Political Economy will be important reading.
The Ancient Central Andes presents a general overview of the prehistoric peoples and cultures of the Central Andes, the region now encompassing most of Peru and significant parts of Ecuador, Bolivia, northern Chile, and northwestern Argentina. The book contextualizes past and modern scholarship and provides a balanced view of current research. Two opening chapters present the intellectual, political, and practical background and history of research in the Central Andes and the spatial, temporal, and formal dimensions of the study of its past. Chapters then proceed in chronological order from remote antiquity to the Spanish Conquest. A number of important themes run through the book, including: the tension between those scholars who wish to study Peruvian antiquity on a comparative basis and those who take historicist approaches; the concept of "Lo Andino," commonly used by many specialists that assumes long-term, unchanging patterns of culture some of which are claimed to persist to the present; and culture change related to severe environmental events. Consensus opinions on interpretations are highlighted as are disputes among scholars regarding interpretations of the past. The Ancient Central Andes provides an up-to-date, objective survey of the archaeology of the Central Andes that is much needed. Students and interested readers will benefit greatly from this introduction to a key period in South America’s past.
Book Synopsis The Ancient Central Andes by : Jeffrey Quilter
Download or read book The Ancient Central Andes written by Jeffrey Quilter and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-05-05 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ancient Central Andes presents a general overview of the prehistoric peoples and cultures of the Central Andes, the region now encompassing most of Peru and significant parts of Ecuador, Bolivia, northern Chile, and northwestern Argentina. The book contextualizes past and modern scholarship and provides a balanced view of current research. Two opening chapters present the intellectual, political, and practical background and history of research in the Central Andes and the spatial, temporal, and formal dimensions of the study of its past. Chapters then proceed in chronological order from remote antiquity to the Spanish Conquest. A number of important themes run through the book, including: the tension between those scholars who wish to study Peruvian antiquity on a comparative basis and those who take historicist approaches; the concept of "Lo Andino," commonly used by many specialists that assumes long-term, unchanging patterns of culture some of which are claimed to persist to the present; and culture change related to severe environmental events. Consensus opinions on interpretations are highlighted as are disputes among scholars regarding interpretations of the past. The Ancient Central Andes provides an up-to-date, objective survey of the archaeology of the Central Andes that is much needed. Students and interested readers will benefit greatly from this introduction to a key period in South America’s past.
Maize has been described as a primary catalyst to complex sociocultural development in the Americas. State of the art research on maize chronology, molecular biology, and stable carbon isotope research on ancient human diets have provided additional lines of evidence on the changing role of maize through time and space and its spread throughout the Americas. The multidisciplinary evidence from the social and biological sciences presented in this volume have generated a much more complex picture of the economic, political, and religious significance of maize. The volume also includes ethnographic research on the uses and roles of maize in indigenous cultures and a linguistic section that includes chapters on indigenous folk taxonomies and the role and meaning of maize to the development of civilization. Histories of Maize is the most comprehensive reference source on the botanical, genetic, archaeological, and anthropological aspects of ancient maize published to date. This book will appeal to a varied audience, and have no titles competiting with it because of its breadth and scope. The volume offers a single source of high quality summary information unavailable elsewhere.
Book Synopsis Histories of Maize by : John Staller
Download or read book Histories of Maize written by John Staller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 1129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize has been described as a primary catalyst to complex sociocultural development in the Americas. State of the art research on maize chronology, molecular biology, and stable carbon isotope research on ancient human diets have provided additional lines of evidence on the changing role of maize through time and space and its spread throughout the Americas. The multidisciplinary evidence from the social and biological sciences presented in this volume have generated a much more complex picture of the economic, political, and religious significance of maize. The volume also includes ethnographic research on the uses and roles of maize in indigenous cultures and a linguistic section that includes chapters on indigenous folk taxonomies and the role and meaning of maize to the development of civilization. Histories of Maize is the most comprehensive reference source on the botanical, genetic, archaeological, and anthropological aspects of ancient maize published to date. This book will appeal to a varied audience, and have no titles competiting with it because of its breadth and scope. The volume offers a single source of high quality summary information unavailable elsewhere.
Introducing the social skins of the head in ancient Mesoamerica and the Andes / Vera Tiesler and María Cecilia Lozada -- What was being sealed? : cranial modification and ritual binding among the Maya / William N. Duncan and Gabrielle Vail -- Head shapes and group identity on the fringes of the Maya lowlands / Vera Tiesler and Alfonso Lacadena -- Head shaping and tooth modification among the classic Maya of the Usumacinta River kingdoms / Andrew K. Scherer -- Cultural modification of the head : the case of Teopancazco in Teotihuacan / Luis Adrián Alvarado-Viñas and Linda R. Manzanilla -- Face painting among the classic Maya elites : an iconographic study / María Luisa Vázquez de Ágredos Pascual, Cristina Vidal Lorenzo, and Patricia Horcajada Campos -- The importance of visage, facial treatment, and idiosyncratic traits in Maya royal portraiture during the reign of K'inich Janaab' Pakal of Palenque, 615-683 CE / Laura Filloy Nadal -- The representation of hair in the art of Chichén Itzá / Virginia E. Miller -- Effigies of death : representation, use, and reuse of human skulls at the Templo Mayor of Tenochtitlan / Ximena Chávez Balderas -- Emic perspectives on cultural practices pertaining to the head in Mesoamerica : a commentary and discussion of the chapters in part one / Gabrielle Vail -- Afterlives of the decapitated in ancient Peru / John W. Verano -- Head processing among La Ramada tradition of Southern Peru / María Cecilia Lozada, Alanna Warner-Smith, Rex C. Haydon, Hans Barnard, Augusto Cardona Rosas, and Raphael Greenberg -- From Wawa to "Trophy Head" : meaning, representation, and bioarchaeology of human heads from ancient Tiwanaku / Deborah E. Blom and Nicole C. Couture -- Cranial modification in the central Andes : person, language, political economy / Bruce Mannheim, Allison R. Davis, and Matthew C. Velasco -- Violence, power, and head extraction in the Kallawaya Region, Bolivia / Sara K. Becker and Sonia Alconini -- Semiotic portraits : expressions of communal identity in Wari faceneck vessels / Andrea Vazquez de Arthur -- Using their heads : the lives of crania in the Andes / Christine A. Hastorf
Book Synopsis Social Skins of the Head by : María Cecilia Lozada
Download or read book Social Skins of the Head written by María Cecilia Lozada and published by University of New Mexico Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing the social skins of the head in ancient Mesoamerica and the Andes / Vera Tiesler and María Cecilia Lozada -- What was being sealed? : cranial modification and ritual binding among the Maya / William N. Duncan and Gabrielle Vail -- Head shapes and group identity on the fringes of the Maya lowlands / Vera Tiesler and Alfonso Lacadena -- Head shaping and tooth modification among the classic Maya of the Usumacinta River kingdoms / Andrew K. Scherer -- Cultural modification of the head : the case of Teopancazco in Teotihuacan / Luis Adrián Alvarado-Viñas and Linda R. Manzanilla -- Face painting among the classic Maya elites : an iconographic study / María Luisa Vázquez de Ágredos Pascual, Cristina Vidal Lorenzo, and Patricia Horcajada Campos -- The importance of visage, facial treatment, and idiosyncratic traits in Maya royal portraiture during the reign of K'inich Janaab' Pakal of Palenque, 615-683 CE / Laura Filloy Nadal -- The representation of hair in the art of Chichén Itzá / Virginia E. Miller -- Effigies of death : representation, use, and reuse of human skulls at the Templo Mayor of Tenochtitlan / Ximena Chávez Balderas -- Emic perspectives on cultural practices pertaining to the head in Mesoamerica : a commentary and discussion of the chapters in part one / Gabrielle Vail -- Afterlives of the decapitated in ancient Peru / John W. Verano -- Head processing among La Ramada tradition of Southern Peru / María Cecilia Lozada, Alanna Warner-Smith, Rex C. Haydon, Hans Barnard, Augusto Cardona Rosas, and Raphael Greenberg -- From Wawa to "Trophy Head" : meaning, representation, and bioarchaeology of human heads from ancient Tiwanaku / Deborah E. Blom and Nicole C. Couture -- Cranial modification in the central Andes : person, language, political economy / Bruce Mannheim, Allison R. Davis, and Matthew C. Velasco -- Violence, power, and head extraction in the Kallawaya Region, Bolivia / Sara K. Becker and Sonia Alconini -- Semiotic portraits : expressions of communal identity in Wari faceneck vessels / Andrea Vazquez de Arthur -- Using their heads : the lives of crania in the Andes / Christine A. Hastorf
