Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education

Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education

Author: Maureen Lewis

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Abstract: Despite a sharp increase in the share of girls who enroll in, attend, and complete various levels of schooling, an educational gender gap remains in some countries. This paper argues that one explanation for this gender gap is the degree of social exclusion within these countries, as indicated by ethno-linguistic heterogeneity, which triggers both economic and psycho-social mechanisms to limit girls' schooling. Ethno-linguistic heterogeneity initially was applied to explaining lagging economic growth, but has emerged in the literature more recently to explain both civil conflict and public goods. This paper is a first application of the concept to explain gender gaps in education. The paper discusses the importance of female education for economic and social development, reviews the evidence regarding gender and ethnic differences in schooling, reviews the theoretical perspectives of various social science disciplines that seek to explain such differences, and tests the relevance of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity in explaining cross-country differences in school attainment and learning. The study indicates that within-country ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity partly explains both national female primary school completion rates and gender differences in these rates, but only explains average national learning outcomes when national income measures are excluded.


Book Synopsis Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education by : Maureen Lewis

Download or read book Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education written by Maureen Lewis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Despite a sharp increase in the share of girls who enroll in, attend, and complete various levels of schooling, an educational gender gap remains in some countries. This paper argues that one explanation for this gender gap is the degree of social exclusion within these countries, as indicated by ethno-linguistic heterogeneity, which triggers both economic and psycho-social mechanisms to limit girls' schooling. Ethno-linguistic heterogeneity initially was applied to explaining lagging economic growth, but has emerged in the literature more recently to explain both civil conflict and public goods. This paper is a first application of the concept to explain gender gaps in education. The paper discusses the importance of female education for economic and social development, reviews the evidence regarding gender and ethnic differences in schooling, reviews the theoretical perspectives of various social science disciplines that seek to explain such differences, and tests the relevance of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity in explaining cross-country differences in school attainment and learning. The study indicates that within-country ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity partly explains both national female primary school completion rates and gender differences in these rates, but only explains average national learning outcomes when national income measures are excluded.

Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education

Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education

Author: Maureen Lewis

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Despite a sharp increase in the share of girls who enroll in, attend, and complete various levels of schooling, an educational gender gap remains in some countries. This paper argues that one explanation for this gender gap is the degree of social exclusion within these countries, as indicated by ethno-linguistic heterogeneity, which triggers both economic and psycho-social mechanisms to limit girls' schooling. Ethno-linguistic heterogeneity initially was applied to explaining lagging economic growth, but has emerged in the literature more recently to explain both civil conflict and public goods. This paper is a first application of the concept to explain gender gaps in education. The paper discusses the importance of female education for economic and social development, reviews the evidence regarding gender and ethnic differences in schooling, reviews the theoretical perspectives of various social science disciplines that seek to explain such differences, and tests the relevance of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity in explaining cross-country differences in school attainment and learning. The study indicates that within-country ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity partly explains both national female primary school completion rates and gender differences in these rates, but only explains average national learning outcomes when national income measures are excluded.


Book Synopsis Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education by : Maureen Lewis

Download or read book Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education written by Maureen Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite a sharp increase in the share of girls who enroll in, attend, and complete various levels of schooling, an educational gender gap remains in some countries. This paper argues that one explanation for this gender gap is the degree of social exclusion within these countries, as indicated by ethno-linguistic heterogeneity, which triggers both economic and psycho-social mechanisms to limit girls' schooling. Ethno-linguistic heterogeneity initially was applied to explaining lagging economic growth, but has emerged in the literature more recently to explain both civil conflict and public goods. This paper is a first application of the concept to explain gender gaps in education. The paper discusses the importance of female education for economic and social development, reviews the evidence regarding gender and ethnic differences in schooling, reviews the theoretical perspectives of various social science disciplines that seek to explain such differences, and tests the relevance of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity in explaining cross-country differences in school attainment and learning. The study indicates that within-country ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity partly explains both national female primary school completion rates and gender differences in these rates, but only explains average national learning outcomes when national income measures are excluded.

Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education

Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education

Author: Maureen Lewis

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Despite a sharp increase in the share of girls who enroll in, attend, and complete various levels of schooling, an educational gender gap remains in some countries. This paper argues that one explanation for this gender gap is the degree of social exclusion within these countries, as indicated by ethno-linguistic heterogeneity, which triggers both economic and psycho-social mechanisms to limit girls' schooling. Ethno-linguistic heterogeneity initially was applied to explaining lagging economic growth, but has emerged in the literature more recently to explain both civil conflict and public goods. This paper is a first application of the concept to explain gender gaps in education. The paper discusses the importance of female education for economic and social development, reviews the evidence regarding gender and ethnic differences in schooling, reviews the theoretical perspectives of various social science disciplines that seek to explain such differences, and tests the relevance of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity in explaining cross-country differences in school attainment and learning. The study indicates that within-country ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity partly explains both national female primary school completion rates and gender differences in these rates, but only explains average national learning outcomes when national income measures are excluded.


Book Synopsis Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education by : Maureen Lewis

Download or read book Social Exclusion and the Gender Gap in Education written by Maureen Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite a sharp increase in the share of girls who enroll in, attend, and complete various levels of schooling, an educational gender gap remains in some countries. This paper argues that one explanation for this gender gap is the degree of social exclusion within these countries, as indicated by ethno-linguistic heterogeneity, which triggers both economic and psycho-social mechanisms to limit girls' schooling. Ethno-linguistic heterogeneity initially was applied to explaining lagging economic growth, but has emerged in the literature more recently to explain both civil conflict and public goods. This paper is a first application of the concept to explain gender gaps in education. The paper discusses the importance of female education for economic and social development, reviews the evidence regarding gender and ethnic differences in schooling, reviews the theoretical perspectives of various social science disciplines that seek to explain such differences, and tests the relevance of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity in explaining cross-country differences in school attainment and learning. The study indicates that within-country ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity partly explains both national female primary school completion rates and gender differences in these rates, but only explains average national learning outcomes when national income measures are excluded.

Exclusion, Gender and Education

Exclusion, Gender and Education

Author: Maureen A. Lewis

Publisher: CGD Books

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Girls have achieved remarkable increases in primary schooling over the past decade, yet millions are still not in school. In their previous book, Inexcusable Absence, Maureen A. Lewis and Marlaine E. Lockheed reported the startling new finding that nearly threequarters of the girls who are not in school belong to ethnic, religious, linguistic, racial, or other minorities. In this companion volume, they further analyze the determinants of school enrollment, completion, and learning in seven countries: the highly heterogeneous populations of Laos, China, Pakistan, India, and Guatemala and the homogeneous populations of Bangladesh and Tunisia. The authors find that in ethnically and linguistically diverse populations, minority groups --minority girls in particular -- lag significantly behind the majority population in school attendance, while highly homogeneous populations like Bangladesh and Tunisia have successfully integrated girls into school on a par with boys. By increasing understanding about the major impediments to universal primary education, Exclusion, Gender and Education provides valuable new knowledge to those who are working to bring gender equity to the education systems of poor countries.


Book Synopsis Exclusion, Gender and Education by : Maureen A. Lewis

Download or read book Exclusion, Gender and Education written by Maureen A. Lewis and published by CGD Books. This book was released on 2007 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Girls have achieved remarkable increases in primary schooling over the past decade, yet millions are still not in school. In their previous book, Inexcusable Absence, Maureen A. Lewis and Marlaine E. Lockheed reported the startling new finding that nearly threequarters of the girls who are not in school belong to ethnic, religious, linguistic, racial, or other minorities. In this companion volume, they further analyze the determinants of school enrollment, completion, and learning in seven countries: the highly heterogeneous populations of Laos, China, Pakistan, India, and Guatemala and the homogeneous populations of Bangladesh and Tunisia. The authors find that in ethnically and linguistically diverse populations, minority groups --minority girls in particular -- lag significantly behind the majority population in school attendance, while highly homogeneous populations like Bangladesh and Tunisia have successfully integrated girls into school on a par with boys. By increasing understanding about the major impediments to universal primary education, Exclusion, Gender and Education provides valuable new knowledge to those who are working to bring gender equity to the education systems of poor countries.

The Rise of Women

The Rise of Women

Author: Thomas A. DiPrete

Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation

Published: 2013-01-01

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 1610448006

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

While powerful gender inequalities remain in American society, women have made substantial gains and now largely surpass men in one crucial arena: education. Women now outperform men academically at all levels of school, and are more likely to obtain college degrees and enroll in graduate school. What accounts for this enormous reversal in the gender education gap? In The Rise of Women: The Growing Gender Gap in Education and What It Means for American Schools, Thomas DiPrete and Claudia Buchmann provide a detailed and accessible account of women’s educational advantage and suggest new strategies to improve schooling outcomes for both boys and girls. The Rise of Women opens with a masterful overview of the broader societal changes that accompanied the change in gender trends in higher education. The rise of egalitarian gender norms and a growing demand for college-educated workers allowed more women to enroll in colleges and universities nationwide. As this shift occurred, women quickly reversed the historical male advantage in education. By 2010, young women in their mid-twenties surpassed their male counterparts in earning college degrees by more than eight percentage points. The authors, however, reveal an important exception: While women have achieved parity in fields such as medicine and the law, they lag far behind men in engineering and physical science degrees. To explain these trends, The Rise of Women charts the performance of boys and girls over the course of their schooling. At each stage in the education process, they consider the gender-specific impact of factors such as families, schools, peers, race and class. Important differences emerge as early as kindergarten, where girls show higher levels of essential learning skills such as persistence and self-control. Girls also derive more intrinsic gratification from performing well on a day-to-day basis, a crucial advantage in the learning process. By contrast, boys must often navigate a conflict between their emerging masculine identity and a strong attachment to school. Families and peers play a crucial role at this juncture. The authors show the gender gap in educational attainment between children in the same families tends to be lower when the father is present and more highly educated. A strong academic climate, both among friends and at home, also tends to erode stereotypes that disconnect academic prowess and a healthy, masculine identity. Similarly, high schools with strong science curricula reduce the power of gender stereotypes concerning science and technology and encourage girls to major in scientific fields. As the value of a highly skilled workforce continues to grow, The Rise of Women argues that understanding the source and extent of the gender gap in higher education is essential to improving our schools and the economy. With its rigorous data and clear recommendations, this volume illuminates new ground for future education policies and research.


Book Synopsis The Rise of Women by : Thomas A. DiPrete

Download or read book The Rise of Women written by Thomas A. DiPrete and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While powerful gender inequalities remain in American society, women have made substantial gains and now largely surpass men in one crucial arena: education. Women now outperform men academically at all levels of school, and are more likely to obtain college degrees and enroll in graduate school. What accounts for this enormous reversal in the gender education gap? In The Rise of Women: The Growing Gender Gap in Education and What It Means for American Schools, Thomas DiPrete and Claudia Buchmann provide a detailed and accessible account of women’s educational advantage and suggest new strategies to improve schooling outcomes for both boys and girls. The Rise of Women opens with a masterful overview of the broader societal changes that accompanied the change in gender trends in higher education. The rise of egalitarian gender norms and a growing demand for college-educated workers allowed more women to enroll in colleges and universities nationwide. As this shift occurred, women quickly reversed the historical male advantage in education. By 2010, young women in their mid-twenties surpassed their male counterparts in earning college degrees by more than eight percentage points. The authors, however, reveal an important exception: While women have achieved parity in fields such as medicine and the law, they lag far behind men in engineering and physical science degrees. To explain these trends, The Rise of Women charts the performance of boys and girls over the course of their schooling. At each stage in the education process, they consider the gender-specific impact of factors such as families, schools, peers, race and class. Important differences emerge as early as kindergarten, where girls show higher levels of essential learning skills such as persistence and self-control. Girls also derive more intrinsic gratification from performing well on a day-to-day basis, a crucial advantage in the learning process. By contrast, boys must often navigate a conflict between their emerging masculine identity and a strong attachment to school. Families and peers play a crucial role at this juncture. The authors show the gender gap in educational attainment between children in the same families tends to be lower when the father is present and more highly educated. A strong academic climate, both among friends and at home, also tends to erode stereotypes that disconnect academic prowess and a healthy, masculine identity. Similarly, high schools with strong science curricula reduce the power of gender stereotypes concerning science and technology and encourage girls to major in scientific fields. As the value of a highly skilled workforce continues to grow, The Rise of Women argues that understanding the source and extent of the gender gap in higher education is essential to improving our schools and the economy. With its rigorous data and clear recommendations, this volume illuminates new ground for future education policies and research.

Learning from the Margins

Learning from the Margins

Author: Julie McLeod

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-02-01

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 1134708335

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This collection of ground-breaking international essays address the educational, social, work and biographical experiences of young women who are routinely constructed as ‘at risk’ and on the margins. Drawing on research from an international range of scholars, this book brings together important new perspectives on the gendered dimensions of social exclusion and educational marginalisation. It offers practitioners as well as researchers insights into how to ‘research’ social marginalisation and reflections on projects and programmes that have attempted to do so. Chapters investigate key topics such as: early school leaving indigenous young women and schooling pregnant and parenting young women at school constructions of health, subjectivity and social class the politics of ethnicity. Provocative and insightful, this book will make interesting reading to students and post-graduate students of education, youth studies, gender studies, sociology and social work.


Book Synopsis Learning from the Margins by : Julie McLeod

Download or read book Learning from the Margins written by Julie McLeod and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of ground-breaking international essays address the educational, social, work and biographical experiences of young women who are routinely constructed as ‘at risk’ and on the margins. Drawing on research from an international range of scholars, this book brings together important new perspectives on the gendered dimensions of social exclusion and educational marginalisation. It offers practitioners as well as researchers insights into how to ‘research’ social marginalisation and reflections on projects and programmes that have attempted to do so. Chapters investigate key topics such as: early school leaving indigenous young women and schooling pregnant and parenting young women at school constructions of health, subjectivity and social class the politics of ethnicity. Provocative and insightful, this book will make interesting reading to students and post-graduate students of education, youth studies, gender studies, sociology and social work.

Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion

Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion

Author: Ka'ron Benson

Publisher: Scientific e-Resources

Published: 2018-12-16

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 1839474319

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

In the last couple of years there has been a spurt of growing interest in and awareness about questions of social exclusion and inclusion. While the nature of exclusion in India has centered around the caste system, other disadvantaged groups such as tribal, women and poor have also suffered from similar disabilities. Their politics of exclusion and inclusion, censure and celebration show that they wish to be a part of the so-called mainstream academic discourse yet cannot be. The objective of this book is to discuss about social exclusion arising out of institutions of caste and gender and the inclusive policies designed for them. This book makes a comprehensive analysis on the thematic issues identified for this seminar within the frame work of human rights education. The recommendations made through this book are expected to influence the policy of inclusive growth within the broad frame work of human rights education. This book is expected to fulfill the teaching research and extension needs of academics, research scholars, students, pursuing subject like sociology, anthropology, social work, history, economics, political science, rural development, women studies, futurology, public administration, etc.


Book Synopsis Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion by : Ka'ron Benson

Download or read book Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion written by Ka'ron Benson and published by Scientific e-Resources. This book was released on 2018-12-16 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last couple of years there has been a spurt of growing interest in and awareness about questions of social exclusion and inclusion. While the nature of exclusion in India has centered around the caste system, other disadvantaged groups such as tribal, women and poor have also suffered from similar disabilities. Their politics of exclusion and inclusion, censure and celebration show that they wish to be a part of the so-called mainstream academic discourse yet cannot be. The objective of this book is to discuss about social exclusion arising out of institutions of caste and gender and the inclusive policies designed for them. This book makes a comprehensive analysis on the thematic issues identified for this seminar within the frame work of human rights education. The recommendations made through this book are expected to influence the policy of inclusive growth within the broad frame work of human rights education. This book is expected to fulfill the teaching research and extension needs of academics, research scholars, students, pursuing subject like sociology, anthropology, social work, history, economics, political science, rural development, women studies, futurology, public administration, etc.

Girls' Education in the Twenty-first Century

Girls' Education in the Twenty-first Century

Author: Mercy Tembon

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2008-01-01

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 0821374753

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Persuasive evidence demonstrates that gender equality in education is central to economic development. Despite more than two decades of accumulated knowledge and evidence of what works in improving gender equality, progress on the ground remains slow and uneven across countries. What is missing? Given that education is a critical path to accelerate progress toward gender equality and the empowerment of women, what is holding us back? These questions were discussed at the global symposium Education: A Critical Path to Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment, which was sponsored by the World Bank in October 2007. Girls' Education in the 21st Century is based on background papers developed for the symposium. The book's chapters reflect the current state of knowledge on education from a gender perspective and highlight the importance of, and challenges to, female education, as well as the interdependence of education and development objectives. The last chapter presents five strategic directions for advancing gender equality in education and their implications for World Bank operations. Girls' Education in the 21st Century will be of particular interest to researchers, educators, school administrators, and policy makers at the global, national, regional, and municipal levels.


Book Synopsis Girls' Education in the Twenty-first Century by : Mercy Tembon

Download or read book Girls' Education in the Twenty-first Century written by Mercy Tembon and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Persuasive evidence demonstrates that gender equality in education is central to economic development. Despite more than two decades of accumulated knowledge and evidence of what works in improving gender equality, progress on the ground remains slow and uneven across countries. What is missing? Given that education is a critical path to accelerate progress toward gender equality and the empowerment of women, what is holding us back? These questions were discussed at the global symposium Education: A Critical Path to Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment, which was sponsored by the World Bank in October 2007. Girls' Education in the 21st Century is based on background papers developed for the symposium. The book's chapters reflect the current state of knowledge on education from a gender perspective and highlight the importance of, and challenges to, female education, as well as the interdependence of education and development objectives. The last chapter presents five strategic directions for advancing gender equality in education and their implications for World Bank operations. Girls' Education in the 21st Century will be of particular interest to researchers, educators, school administrators, and policy makers at the global, national, regional, and municipal levels.

Social exclusion and integration in Poland

Social exclusion and integration in Poland

Author: Andrey Ivanov

Publisher: UNDP Poland

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 292

ISBN-13: 8360089523

DOWNLOAD EBOOK


Book Synopsis Social exclusion and integration in Poland by : Andrey Ivanov

Download or read book Social exclusion and integration in Poland written by Andrey Ivanov and published by UNDP Poland. This book was released on 2006 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Social Exclusion and Inclusion of Women in India

Social Exclusion and Inclusion of Women in India

Author: K.R. Murugan

Publisher: MJP Publisher

Published: 2019-06-07

Total Pages: 449

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Chapter 68 Women as Victims of Domestic Violence, Chapter 69 Self Help Groups and Empowerment Among the Tribal Women, Chapter 70 Social Exclusion of Girls—Remedial Measures, Chapter 71 Inclusive Education: National and International Scenario, Chapter 72 A Study on Competency Mapping of Women Teachers in Colleges in Madurai City, Chapter 73 “Women Into Educational Leadership and Management: International Differences?”, Chapter 74 Social Exclusion of Women in Poverty: A Situation Analysis, Chapter 75 Premenstrual Syndrome (Pms) Among Hostel Students—A Study in Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Chapter 76 ‘Untouchability’, the Economic Exclusion of Dalits in India: With Special Reference to Dalit Women, Chapter 77 Oscillation Between Respect and Rejection—A Study Among Urban Elderly, Chapter 78 Gender Based Discrimination: Exclusion of Women in the Indian Labour Market, Chapter 79 Gender Discrimination in Education Among The Fishing Community, Chapter 80 Prevalence of Anemia Among Female Teacher Trainees in the Diet of Chennai District, Chapter 81 Challenges of Women Entrepreneurs in Theni District, Chapter 82 Literacy—A Key to Women’s Empowerment.....


Book Synopsis Social Exclusion and Inclusion of Women in India by : K.R. Murugan

Download or read book Social Exclusion and Inclusion of Women in India written by K.R. Murugan and published by MJP Publisher. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 68 Women as Victims of Domestic Violence, Chapter 69 Self Help Groups and Empowerment Among the Tribal Women, Chapter 70 Social Exclusion of Girls—Remedial Measures, Chapter 71 Inclusive Education: National and International Scenario, Chapter 72 A Study on Competency Mapping of Women Teachers in Colleges in Madurai City, Chapter 73 “Women Into Educational Leadership and Management: International Differences?”, Chapter 74 Social Exclusion of Women in Poverty: A Situation Analysis, Chapter 75 Premenstrual Syndrome (Pms) Among Hostel Students—A Study in Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Chapter 76 ‘Untouchability’, the Economic Exclusion of Dalits in India: With Special Reference to Dalit Women, Chapter 77 Oscillation Between Respect and Rejection—A Study Among Urban Elderly, Chapter 78 Gender Based Discrimination: Exclusion of Women in the Indian Labour Market, Chapter 79 Gender Discrimination in Education Among The Fishing Community, Chapter 80 Prevalence of Anemia Among Female Teacher Trainees in the Diet of Chennai District, Chapter 81 Challenges of Women Entrepreneurs in Theni District, Chapter 82 Literacy—A Key to Women’s Empowerment.....